1 00:00:00,533 --> 00:00:03,967 Speaker: Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, 2 00:00:03,967 --> 00:00:09,600 history is more than the path left by the past. 3 00:00:09,600 --> 00:00:14,700 It influences the present and can shape the future. 4 00:00:14,700 --> 00:00:18,033 We meet today in Westminster Hall, 5 00:00:18,033 --> 00:00:23,567 a building begun 900 years ago when the Vikings were visiting 6 00:00:23,567 --> 00:00:28,300 the shores of what would become the United States, 7 00:00:28,300 --> 00:00:32,232 even if it was Columbus who would subsequently demonstrate 8 00:00:32,232 --> 00:00:36,066 the politician's art of arriving late, 9 00:00:36,066 --> 00:00:37,800 but claiming all the credit. 10 00:00:37,800 --> 00:00:40,767 (laughter) 11 00:00:40,767 --> 00:00:45,033 This hall has witnessed grim trials in the sentencing to 12 00:00:45,033 --> 00:00:51,533 death of a king, coronation banquets, ceremonial addresses, 13 00:00:51,533 --> 00:00:56,000 and the coffins of those receiving the last respects of 14 00:00:56,000 --> 00:00:58,266 our people. 15 00:00:58,266 --> 00:01:04,700 Few places reach so far into the heart of our nation. 16 00:01:04,700 --> 00:01:11,333 Yet until today, no American president has stood on these 17 00:01:11,333 --> 00:01:16,433 steps to address our country's Parliament. 18 00:01:16,433 --> 00:01:23,600 It is my honor, Mr. President, to welcome you as our friend and 19 00:01:23,600 --> 00:01:26,266 as a statesman. 20 00:01:26,266 --> 00:01:33,033 Statesmanship is the cement which seals our shared idealism 21 00:01:33,033 --> 00:01:34,000 as nations. 22 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:38,767 It makes meaningful the unity of ambition, passion for freedom, 23 00:01:38,767 --> 00:01:43,333 and abhorrence of injustice that is the call of our 24 00:01:43,333 --> 00:01:45,467 close alliance. 25 00:01:45,467 --> 00:01:52,133 It has fallen to you to tackle economic turbulence at home, 26 00:01:52,133 --> 00:01:57,867 to protect the health of those without wealth, 27 00:01:57,867 --> 00:02:03,734 and to seek that precious balance between security which 28 00:02:03,734 --> 00:02:09,233 is too often threatened, and human rights which are too 29 00:02:09,233 --> 00:02:12,200 often denied. 30 00:02:12,200 --> 00:02:18,367 History is not the burden of any one man or woman alone. 31 00:02:18,367 --> 00:02:23,133 But some are called to meet a special share of 32 00:02:23,133 --> 00:02:25,400 it's challenges. 33 00:02:25,400 --> 00:02:31,800 It is a duty that you discharge with a dignity, determination, 34 00:02:31,800 --> 00:02:36,967 and distinction that are widely admired. 35 00:02:36,967 --> 00:02:42,200 Abraham Lincoln once observed that nearly all men can 36 00:02:42,200 --> 00:02:45,200 stand adversity. 37 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:51,367 But if you want to test a man's character, give him power. 38 00:02:51,367 --> 00:02:55,233 Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States 39 00:02:55,233 --> 00:02:58,233 of America, Barack Obama. 40 00:02:58,233 --> 00:03:16,400 (applause) 41 00:03:16,400 --> 00:03:17,934 President Obama: Thank you very much. 42 00:03:17,934 --> 00:03:24,533 (applause) 43 00:03:24,533 --> 00:03:25,567 Thank you very much. 44 00:03:25,567 --> 00:03:26,567 Thank you. 45 00:03:26,567 --> 00:03:27,967 (applause) 46 00:03:27,967 --> 00:03:28,967 Thank you. 47 00:03:28,967 --> 00:03:30,600 (applause) 48 00:03:30,600 --> 00:03:31,767 Thank you so much. 49 00:03:31,767 --> 00:03:35,633 (applause) 50 00:03:35,633 --> 00:03:44,633 My Lord Chancellor, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Prime Minister, my lords, 51 00:03:44,633 --> 00:03:48,433 and members of the House of Commons: 52 00:03:48,433 --> 00:03:55,233 I have known few greater honors than the opportunity to address 53 00:03:55,233 --> 00:04:00,066 the Mother of Parliaments at Westminster Hall. 54 00:04:00,066 --> 00:04:04,333 I am told that the last three speakers here have been the 55 00:04:04,333 --> 00:04:11,166 Pope, Her Majesty the Queen, and Nelson Mandela -- 56 00:04:11,166 --> 00:04:15,367 which is either a very high bar or the beginning of a very 57 00:04:15,367 --> 00:04:16,533 funny joke. 58 00:04:16,533 --> 00:04:28,266 (laughter) 59 00:04:28,266 --> 00:04:34,834 I come here today to reaffirm one of the oldest, 60 00:04:34,834 --> 00:04:40,033 one of the strongest alliances the world has ever known. 61 00:04:40,033 --> 00:04:42,467 It's long been said that the United States and the United 62 00:04:42,467 --> 00:04:47,633 Kingdom share a special relationship. 63 00:04:47,633 --> 00:04:51,900 And since we also share an especially active press corps, 64 00:04:51,900 --> 00:04:56,233 that relationship is often analyzed and overanalyzed 65 00:04:56,233 --> 00:05:01,734 for the slightest hint of stress or strain. 66 00:05:01,734 --> 00:05:05,734 Of course, all relationships have their ups and downs. 67 00:05:05,734 --> 00:05:10,367 Admittedly, ours got off on the wrong foot with a small scrape 68 00:05:10,367 --> 00:05:12,567 about tea and taxes. 69 00:05:12,567 --> 00:05:14,633 (laughter) 70 00:05:14,633 --> 00:05:17,867 There may also have been some hurt feelings when the 71 00:05:17,867 --> 00:05:21,400 White House was set on fire during the War of 1812. 72 00:05:21,400 --> 00:05:23,633 (laughter) 73 00:05:23,633 --> 00:05:28,934 But fortunately, it's been smooth sailing ever since. 74 00:05:28,934 --> 00:05:31,934 The reason for this close friendship doesn't just have 75 00:05:31,934 --> 00:05:36,867 to do with our shared history, our shared heritage; 76 00:05:36,867 --> 00:05:39,967 our ties of language and culture; 77 00:05:39,967 --> 00:05:44,367 or even the strong partnership between our governments. 78 00:05:44,367 --> 00:05:47,767 Our relationship is special because of the values and 79 00:05:47,767 --> 00:05:54,000 beliefs that have united our people through the ages. 80 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:57,333 Centuries ago, when kings, emperors, 81 00:05:57,333 --> 00:06:01,333 and warlords reigned over much of the world, 82 00:06:01,333 --> 00:06:04,200 it was the English who first spelled out the rights and 83 00:06:04,200 --> 00:06:08,633 liberties of man in the Magna Carta. 84 00:06:08,633 --> 00:06:12,900 It was here, in this very hall, where the rule of law first 85 00:06:12,900 --> 00:06:16,066 developed, courts were established, 86 00:06:16,066 --> 00:06:20,567 disputes were settled, and citizens came to petition 87 00:06:20,567 --> 00:06:23,633 their leaders. 88 00:06:23,633 --> 00:06:26,734 Over time, the people of this nation waged a long and 89 00:06:26,734 --> 00:06:29,767 sometimes bloody struggle to expand and secure their 90 00:06:29,767 --> 00:06:33,567 freedom from the crown. 91 00:06:33,567 --> 00:06:36,233 Propelled by the ideals of the Enlightenment, 92 00:06:36,233 --> 00:06:40,033 they would ultimately forge an English Bill of Rights, 93 00:06:40,033 --> 00:06:45,467 and invest the power to govern in an elected parliament that's 94 00:06:45,467 --> 00:06:48,900 gathered here today. 95 00:06:48,900 --> 00:06:52,867 What began on this island would inspire millions throughout the 96 00:06:52,867 --> 00:06:57,433 continent of Europe and across the world. 97 00:06:57,433 --> 00:07:00,767 But perhaps no one drew greater inspiration from these notions 98 00:07:00,767 --> 00:07:05,033 of freedom than your rabble-rousing colonists 99 00:07:05,033 --> 00:07:08,967 on the other side of the Atlantic. 100 00:07:08,967 --> 00:07:11,867 As Winston Churchill said, the "...Magna Carta, 101 00:07:11,867 --> 00:07:15,867 the Bill of Rights, Habeas Corpus, trial by jury, 102 00:07:15,867 --> 00:07:20,166 and English common law find their most famous expression in 103 00:07:20,166 --> 00:07:25,333 the American Declaration of Independence." 104 00:07:25,333 --> 00:07:31,300 For both of our nations, living up to the ideals enshrined in 105 00:07:31,300 --> 00:07:37,033 these founding documents has sometimes been difficult, 106 00:07:37,033 --> 00:07:39,967 has always been a work in progress. 107 00:07:39,967 --> 00:07:43,033 The path has never been perfect. 108 00:07:43,033 --> 00:07:47,734 But through the struggles of slaves and immigrants, 109 00:07:47,734 --> 00:07:52,767 women and ethnic minorities, former colonies and persecuted 110 00:07:52,767 --> 00:07:56,433 religions, we have learned better than most that the 111 00:07:56,433 --> 00:08:00,934 longing for freedom and human dignity is not English or 112 00:08:00,934 --> 00:08:07,667 American or Western -- it is universal, 113 00:08:07,667 --> 00:08:12,133 and it beats in every heart. 114 00:08:12,133 --> 00:08:16,867 Perhaps that's why there are few nations that stand firmer, 115 00:08:16,867 --> 00:08:22,033 speak louder, and fight harder to defend democratic values 116 00:08:22,033 --> 00:08:28,600 around the world than the United States and the United Kingdom. 117 00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:32,967 We are the allies who landed at Omaha and Gold, 118 00:08:32,967 --> 00:08:35,700 who sacrificed side by side to free a continent from the march 119 00:08:35,700 --> 00:08:42,066 of tyranny, and help prosperity flourish from the ruins of war. 120 00:08:42,066 --> 00:08:47,700 And with the founding of NATO -- a British idea -- 121 00:08:47,700 --> 00:08:50,934 we joined a transatlantic alliance that has ensured our 122 00:08:50,934 --> 00:08:55,333 security for over half a century. 123 00:08:55,333 --> 00:08:58,533 Together with our allies, we forged a lasting peace 124 00:08:58,533 --> 00:09:01,266 from a cold war. 125 00:09:01,266 --> 00:09:04,367 When the Iron Curtain lifted, we expanded our alliance to include 126 00:09:04,367 --> 00:09:07,700 the nations of Central and Eastern Europe, 127 00:09:07,700 --> 00:09:11,266 and built new bridges to Russia and the former states of the 128 00:09:11,266 --> 00:09:15,000 Soviet Union. 129 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:16,767 And when there was strife in the Balkans, 130 00:09:16,767 --> 00:09:21,467 we worked together to keep the peace. 131 00:09:21,467 --> 00:09:27,200 Today, after a difficult decade that began with war and ended in 132 00:09:27,200 --> 00:09:32,266 recession, our nations have arrived at a pivotal moment 133 00:09:32,266 --> 00:09:35,266 once more. 134 00:09:35,266 --> 00:09:38,800 A global economy that once stood on the brink of depression is 135 00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:42,400 now stable and recovering. 136 00:09:42,400 --> 00:09:46,333 After years of conflict, the United States has removed 137 00:09:46,333 --> 00:09:50,500 100,000 troops from Iraq, the United Kingdom has removed its 138 00:09:50,500 --> 00:09:55,367 forces, and our combat mission there has ended. 139 00:09:55,367 --> 00:09:58,800 In Afghanistan, we've broken the Taliban's momentum and will soon 140 00:09:58,800 --> 00:10:03,734 begin a transition to Afghan lead. 141 00:10:03,734 --> 00:10:06,367 And nearly 10 years after 9/11, we have disrupted terrorist 142 00:10:06,367 --> 00:10:10,367 networks and dealt al Qaeda a huge blow by killing its leader 143 00:10:10,367 --> 00:10:13,900 -- Osama bin Laden. 144 00:10:13,900 --> 00:10:19,834 Together, we have met great challenges. 145 00:10:19,834 --> 00:10:23,667 But as we enter this new chapter in our shared history, 146 00:10:23,667 --> 00:10:28,467 profound challenges stretch out before us. 147 00:10:28,467 --> 00:10:31,400 In a world where the prosperity of all nations is now 148 00:10:31,400 --> 00:10:36,200 inextricably linked, a new era of cooperation is required to 149 00:10:36,200 --> 00:10:41,533 ensure the growth and stability of the global economy. 150 00:10:41,533 --> 00:10:46,100 As new threats spread across borders and oceans, 151 00:10:46,100 --> 00:10:48,667 we must dismantle terrorist networks and stop the spread 152 00:10:48,667 --> 00:10:52,467 of nuclear weapons, confront climate change and combat 153 00:10:52,467 --> 00:10:56,467 famine and disease. 154 00:10:56,467 --> 00:10:59,000 And as a revolution races through the streets of the 155 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:02,900 Middle East and North Africa, the entire world has a stake 156 00:11:02,900 --> 00:11:05,467 in the aspirations of a generation that longs to 157 00:11:05,467 --> 00:11:10,667 determine its own destiny. 158 00:11:10,667 --> 00:11:13,734 These challenges come at a time when the international order has 159 00:11:13,734 --> 00:11:18,300 already been reshaped for a new century. 160 00:11:18,300 --> 00:11:22,033 Countries like China, India, and Brazil are growing by 161 00:11:22,033 --> 00:11:25,400 leaps and bounds. 162 00:11:25,400 --> 00:11:27,266 We should welcome this development, 163 00:11:27,266 --> 00:11:30,367 for it has lifted hundreds of millions from poverty around 164 00:11:30,367 --> 00:11:34,300 the globe, and created new markets and opportunities 165 00:11:34,300 --> 00:11:37,633 for our own nations. 166 00:11:37,633 --> 00:11:39,900 And yet, as this rapid change has taken place, 167 00:11:39,900 --> 00:11:44,233 it's become fashionable in some quarters to question whether the 168 00:11:44,233 --> 00:11:48,433 rise of these nations will accompany the decline of 169 00:11:48,433 --> 00:11:53,667 American and European influence around the world. 170 00:11:53,667 --> 00:11:58,100 Perhaps, the argument goes, these nations represent the 171 00:11:58,100 --> 00:12:05,467 future, and the time for our leadership has passed. 172 00:12:05,467 --> 00:12:09,266 That argument is wrong. 173 00:12:09,266 --> 00:12:13,567 The time for our leadership is now. 174 00:12:13,567 --> 00:12:15,934 It was the United States and the United Kingdom and our 175 00:12:15,934 --> 00:12:19,233 democratic allies that shaped a world in which new nations could 176 00:12:19,233 --> 00:12:23,367 emerge and individuals could thrive. 177 00:12:23,367 --> 00:12:27,200 And even as more nations take on the responsibilities of global 178 00:12:27,200 --> 00:12:32,834 leadership, our alliance will remain indispensable to the goal 179 00:12:32,834 --> 00:12:35,734 of a century that is more peaceful, 180 00:12:35,734 --> 00:12:41,567 more prosperous and more just. 181 00:12:41,567 --> 00:12:44,033 At a time when threats and challenges require nations 182 00:12:44,033 --> 00:12:45,834 to work in concert with one another, 183 00:12:45,834 --> 00:12:51,433 we remain the greatest catalysts for global action. 184 00:12:51,433 --> 00:12:54,033 In an era defined by the rapid flow of commerce and 185 00:12:54,033 --> 00:12:59,834 information, it is our free market tradition, our openness, 186 00:12:59,834 --> 00:13:03,467 fortified by our commitment to basic security for our citizens, 187 00:13:03,467 --> 00:13:06,533 that offers the best chance of prosperity that is both 188 00:13:06,533 --> 00:13:10,633 strong and shared. 189 00:13:10,633 --> 00:13:13,333 As millions are still denied their basic human rights because 190 00:13:13,333 --> 00:13:15,467 of who they are, or what they believe, 191 00:13:15,467 --> 00:13:17,900 or the kind of government that they live under, 192 00:13:17,900 --> 00:13:21,800 we are the nations most willing to stand up for the values of 193 00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:30,233 tolerance and self-determination that lead to peace and dignity. 194 00:13:30,233 --> 00:13:34,700 Now, this doesn't mean we can afford to stand still. 195 00:13:34,700 --> 00:13:40,667 The nature of our leadership will need to change with the times. 196 00:13:40,667 --> 00:13:43,600 As I said the first time I came to London as President, 197 00:13:43,600 --> 00:13:47,467 for the G20 summit, the days are gone when Roosevelt and 198 00:13:47,467 --> 00:13:50,800 Churchill could sit in a room and solve the world's problems 199 00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:54,667 over a glass of brandy -- although I'm sure that Prime 200 00:13:54,667 --> 00:13:59,033 Minister Cameron would agree that some days we could both 201 00:13:59,033 --> 00:14:00,133 use a stiff drink. 202 00:14:00,133 --> 00:14:03,567 (laughter) 203 00:14:03,567 --> 00:14:06,867 In this century, our joint leadership will require 204 00:14:06,867 --> 00:14:12,667 building new partnerships, adapting to new circumstances, 205 00:14:12,667 --> 00:14:19,200 and remaking ourselves to meet the demands of a new era. 206 00:14:19,200 --> 00:14:24,000 That begins with our economic leadership. 207 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:28,667 Adam Smith's central insight remains true today: There is no 208 00:14:28,667 --> 00:14:32,633 greater generator of wealth and innovation than a system of free 209 00:14:32,633 --> 00:14:36,700 enterprise that unleashes the full potential of individual 210 00:14:36,700 --> 00:14:39,533 men and women. 211 00:14:39,533 --> 00:14:41,567 That's what led to the Industrial Revolution that began 212 00:14:41,567 --> 00:14:44,800 in the factories of Manchester. 213 00:14:44,800 --> 00:14:47,333 That is what led to the dawn of the Information Age that arose 214 00:14:47,333 --> 00:14:52,500 from the office parks of Silicon Valley. 215 00:14:52,500 --> 00:14:56,033 That's why countries like China, India and Brazil are growing so 216 00:14:56,033 --> 00:14:59,133 rapidly -- because in fits and starts, 217 00:14:59,133 --> 00:15:01,867 they are moving toward market-based principles that 218 00:15:01,867 --> 00:15:08,633 the United States and the United Kingdom have always embraced. 219 00:15:08,633 --> 00:15:12,734 In other words, we live in a global economy that is largely 220 00:15:12,734 --> 00:15:15,433 of our own making. 221 00:15:15,433 --> 00:15:18,133 And today, the competition for the best jobs and industries 222 00:15:18,133 --> 00:15:20,266 favors countries that are free-thinking and 223 00:15:20,266 --> 00:15:24,667 forward-looking; countries with the most creative and innovative 224 00:15:24,667 --> 00:15:27,867 and entrepreneurial citizens. 225 00:15:27,867 --> 00:15:30,600 That gives nations like the United States and the United 226 00:15:30,600 --> 00:15:35,133 Kingdom an inherent advantage. 227 00:15:35,133 --> 00:15:40,433 For from Newton and Darwin to Edison and Einstein, 228 00:15:40,433 --> 00:15:46,033 from Alan Turing to Steve Jobs, we have led the world in our 229 00:15:46,033 --> 00:15:50,066 commitment to science and cutting-edge research, 230 00:15:50,066 --> 00:15:53,900 the discovery of new medicines and technologies. 231 00:15:53,900 --> 00:15:56,500 We educate our citizens and train our workers in the best 232 00:15:56,500 --> 00:16:00,900 colleges and universities on Earth. 233 00:16:00,900 --> 00:16:03,967 But to maintain this advantage in a world that's more 234 00:16:03,967 --> 00:16:09,166 competitive than ever, we will have to redouble our investments 235 00:16:09,166 --> 00:16:13,166 in science and engineering, and renew our national commitments 236 00:16:13,166 --> 00:16:17,734 to educating our workforces. 237 00:16:17,734 --> 00:16:20,367 We've also been reminded in the last few years that markets can 238 00:16:20,367 --> 00:16:23,700 sometimes fail. 239 00:16:23,700 --> 00:16:26,600 In the last century, both our nations put in place regulatory 240 00:16:26,600 --> 00:16:31,367 frameworks to deal with such market failures -- safeguards 241 00:16:31,367 --> 00:16:33,900 to protect the banking system after the Great Depression, 242 00:16:33,900 --> 00:16:37,166 for example; regulations that were established to prevent the 243 00:16:37,166 --> 00:16:43,166 pollution of our air and our water during the 1970s. 244 00:16:43,166 --> 00:16:48,433 But in today's economy, such threats of market failure can 245 00:16:48,433 --> 00:16:53,734 no longer be contained within the borders of any one country. 246 00:16:53,734 --> 00:16:58,533 Market failures can go global, and go viral, 247 00:16:58,533 --> 00:17:02,967 and demand international responses. 248 00:17:02,967 --> 00:17:05,767 A financial crisis that began on Wall Street infected nearly 249 00:17:05,767 --> 00:17:09,567 every continent, which is why we must keep working through forums 250 00:17:09,567 --> 00:17:12,700 like the G20 to put in place global rules of the road to 251 00:17:12,700 --> 00:17:17,767 prevent future excesses and abuse. 252 00:17:17,767 --> 00:17:20,767 No country can hide from the dangers of carbon pollution, 253 00:17:20,767 --> 00:17:24,467 which is why we must build on what was achieved at Copenhagen 254 00:17:24,467 --> 00:17:27,165 and Cancun to leave our children a planet that 255 00:17:27,165 --> 00:17:32,233 is safer and cleaner. 256 00:17:32,233 --> 00:17:36,700 Moreover, even when the free market works as it should, 257 00:17:36,700 --> 00:17:40,133 both our countries recognize that no matter how responsibly 258 00:17:40,133 --> 00:17:44,900 we live in our lives, hard times or bad luck, 259 00:17:44,900 --> 00:17:50,166 a crippling illness or a layoff may strike any one of us. 260 00:17:50,166 --> 00:17:53,033 And so part of our common tradition has expressed itself 261 00:17:53,033 --> 00:17:56,633 in a conviction that every citizen deserves a basic measure 262 00:17:56,633 --> 00:18:01,433 of security -- health care if you get sick, 263 00:18:01,433 --> 00:18:04,967 unemployment insurance if you lose your job, 264 00:18:04,967 --> 00:18:10,533 a dignified retirement after a lifetime of hard work. 265 00:18:10,533 --> 00:18:14,066 That commitment to our citizens has also been the reason for our 266 00:18:14,066 --> 00:18:17,967 leadership in the world. 267 00:18:17,967 --> 00:18:20,066 And now, having come through a terrible recession, 268 00:18:20,066 --> 00:18:24,000 our challenge is to meet these obligations while ensuring that 269 00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:30,700 we're not consuming -- and hence consumed -- with a level of debt 270 00:18:30,700 --> 00:18:35,600 that could sap the strength and vitality of our economies. 271 00:18:35,600 --> 00:18:38,800 And that will require difficult choices and it will require 272 00:18:38,800 --> 00:18:40,467 different paths for both of our countries. 273 00:18:40,467 --> 00:18:44,333 But we have faced such challenges before, 274 00:18:44,333 --> 00:18:46,834 and have always been able to balance the need for fiscal 275 00:18:46,834 --> 00:18:50,734 responsibility with the responsibilities we have 276 00:18:50,734 --> 00:18:53,700 to one another. 277 00:18:53,700 --> 00:18:57,867 And I believe we can do this again. 278 00:18:57,867 --> 00:19:00,934 As we do, the successes and failures of our own past can 279 00:19:00,934 --> 00:19:05,533 serve as an example for emerging economies -- that it's possible 280 00:19:05,533 --> 00:19:11,567 to grow without polluting; that lasting prosperity comes not 281 00:19:11,567 --> 00:19:13,867 from what a nation consumes, but from what it produces, 282 00:19:13,867 --> 00:19:17,066 and from the investments it makes in its people 283 00:19:17,066 --> 00:19:21,700 and its infrastructure. 284 00:19:21,700 --> 00:19:24,233 And just as we must lead on behalf of the prosperity of 285 00:19:24,233 --> 00:19:29,767 our citizens, so we must safeguard their security. 286 00:19:29,767 --> 00:19:36,133 Our two nations know what it is to confront evil in the world. 287 00:19:36,133 --> 00:19:38,734 Hitler's armies would not have stopped their killing had we not 288 00:19:38,734 --> 00:19:43,266 fought them on the beaches and on the landing grounds, 289 00:19:43,266 --> 00:19:48,333 in the fields and on the streets. 290 00:19:48,333 --> 00:19:51,433 We must never forget that there was nothing inevitable about our 291 00:19:51,433 --> 00:19:54,800 victory in that terrible war. 292 00:19:54,800 --> 00:20:00,667 It was won through the courage and character of our people. 293 00:20:00,667 --> 00:20:03,333 Precisely because we are willing to bear its burden, 294 00:20:03,333 --> 00:20:06,934 we know well the cost of war. 295 00:20:06,934 --> 00:20:09,033 And that is why we built an alliance that was strong enough 296 00:20:09,033 --> 00:20:15,600 to defend this continent while deterring our enemies. 297 00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:19,233 At its core, NATO is rooted in the simple concept of Article 298 00:20:19,233 --> 00:20:24,133 Five: that no NATO nation will have to fend on its own; 299 00:20:24,133 --> 00:20:29,033 that allies will stand by one another, always. 300 00:20:29,033 --> 00:20:31,500 And for six decades, NATO has been the most successful 301 00:20:31,500 --> 00:20:35,734 alliance in human history. 302 00:20:35,734 --> 00:20:39,967 Today, we confront a different enemy. 303 00:20:39,967 --> 00:20:42,967 Terrorists have taken the lives of our citizens in New York and 304 00:20:42,967 --> 00:20:45,200 in London. 305 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:48,734 And while al Qaeda seeks a religious war with the West, 306 00:20:48,734 --> 00:20:53,100 we must remember that they have killed thousands of Muslims -- 307 00:20:53,100 --> 00:20:57,133 men, women and children -- around the globe. 308 00:20:57,133 --> 00:21:01,166 Our nations are not and will never be at war with Islam. 309 00:21:01,166 --> 00:21:04,200 Our fight is focused on defeating al Qaeda and 310 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:07,333 its extremist allies. 311 00:21:07,333 --> 00:21:09,667 In that effort, we will not relent, 312 00:21:09,667 --> 00:21:14,467 as Osama bin Laden and his followers have learned. 313 00:21:14,467 --> 00:21:17,967 And as we fight an enemy that respects no law of war, 314 00:21:17,967 --> 00:21:22,300 we will continue to hold ourselves to a higher standard 315 00:21:22,300 --> 00:21:27,600 -- by living up to the values, the rule of law and due process 316 00:21:27,600 --> 00:21:32,734 that we so ardently defend. 317 00:21:32,734 --> 00:21:36,633 For almost a decade, Afghanistan has been a central front of 318 00:21:36,633 --> 00:21:39,066 these efforts. 319 00:21:39,066 --> 00:21:44,734 Throughout those years, you, the British people, 320 00:21:44,734 --> 00:21:48,734 have been a stalwart ally, along with so many others who fight by 321 00:21:48,734 --> 00:21:51,800 our side. 322 00:21:51,800 --> 00:21:55,133 Together, let us pay tribute to all of our men and women who 323 00:21:55,133 --> 00:21:59,734 have served and sacrificed over the last several years -- for 324 00:21:59,734 --> 00:22:02,700 they are part of an unbroken line of heroes who have borne 325 00:22:02,700 --> 00:22:07,800 the heaviest burden for the freedoms that we enjoy. 326 00:22:07,800 --> 00:22:12,934 Because of them, we have broken the Taliban's momentum. 327 00:22:12,934 --> 00:22:15,667 Because of them, we have built the capacity of 328 00:22:15,667 --> 00:22:19,000 Afghan security forces. 329 00:22:19,000 --> 00:22:21,734 And because of them, we are now preparing to turn a corner in 330 00:22:21,734 --> 00:22:25,834 Afghanistan by transitioning to Afghan lead. 331 00:22:25,834 --> 00:22:28,400 And during this transition, we will pursue a lasting peace with 332 00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:32,000 those who break free of al Qaeda and respect the Afghan 333 00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:34,166 constitution and lay down arms. 334 00:22:34,166 --> 00:22:37,100 And we will ensure that Afghanistan is never a safe 335 00:22:37,100 --> 00:22:41,300 haven for terror, but is instead a country that is strong, 336 00:22:41,300 --> 00:22:48,100 sovereign, and able to stand on its own two feet. 337 00:22:48,100 --> 00:22:50,767 Indeed, our efforts in this young century have led us to 338 00:22:50,767 --> 00:22:54,200 a new concept for NATO that will give us the capabilities needed 339 00:22:54,200 --> 00:23:00,266 to meet new threats -- threats like terrorism and piracy, 340 00:23:00,266 --> 00:23:03,867 cyber attacks and ballistic missiles. 341 00:23:03,867 --> 00:23:06,633 But a revitalized NATO will continue to hew to that original 342 00:23:06,633 --> 00:23:12,266 vision of its founders, allowing us to rally collective action 343 00:23:12,266 --> 00:23:15,500 for the defense of our people, while building upon the broader 344 00:23:15,500 --> 00:23:18,500 belief of Roosevelt and Churchill that all nations 345 00:23:18,500 --> 00:23:20,400 have both rights and responsibilities, 346 00:23:20,400 --> 00:23:24,400 and all nations share a common interest in an international 347 00:23:24,400 --> 00:23:30,300 architecture that maintains the peace. 348 00:23:30,300 --> 00:23:32,834 We also share a common interest in stopping the spread of 349 00:23:32,834 --> 00:23:36,033 nuclear weapons. 350 00:23:36,033 --> 00:23:39,400 Across the globe, nations are locking down nuclear materials 351 00:23:39,400 --> 00:23:43,400 so they never fall into the wrong hands -- because 352 00:23:43,400 --> 00:23:46,433 of our leadership. 353 00:23:46,433 --> 00:23:50,567 From North Korea to Iran, we've sent a message that those who 354 00:23:50,567 --> 00:23:53,533 flaunt their obligations will face consequences -- which is 355 00:23:53,533 --> 00:23:56,900 why America and the European Union just recently strengthened 356 00:23:56,900 --> 00:24:03,467 our sanctions on Iran, in large part because of the leadership 357 00:24:03,467 --> 00:24:08,567 of the United Kingdom and the United States. 358 00:24:08,567 --> 00:24:11,200 And while we hold others to account, 359 00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:14,133 we will meet our own obligations under the Non-Proliferation 360 00:24:14,133 --> 00:24:21,467 Treaty, and strive for a world without nuclear weapons. 361 00:24:21,467 --> 00:24:24,166 We share a common interest in resolving conflicts that prolong 362 00:24:24,166 --> 00:24:31,333 human suffering and threaten to tear whole regions asunder. 363 00:24:31,333 --> 00:24:34,834 In Sudan, after years of war and thousands of deaths, 364 00:24:34,834 --> 00:24:37,467 we call on both North and South to pull back from the brink of 365 00:24:37,467 --> 00:24:42,233 violence and choose the path of peace. 366 00:24:42,233 --> 00:24:45,734 And in the Middle East, we stand united in our support for a 367 00:24:45,734 --> 00:24:53,233 secure Israel and a sovereign Palestine. 368 00:24:53,233 --> 00:24:56,734 And we share a common interest in development that advances 369 00:24:56,734 --> 00:25:00,500 dignity and security. 370 00:25:00,500 --> 00:25:02,834 To succeed, we must cast aside the impulse to look 371 00:25:02,834 --> 00:25:07,567 at impoverished parts of the globe as a place for charity. 372 00:25:07,567 --> 00:25:09,900 Instead, we should empower the same forces that have allowed 373 00:25:09,900 --> 00:25:13,700 our own people to thrive: We should help the hungry to feed 374 00:25:13,700 --> 00:25:18,600 themselves, the doctors who care for the sick. 375 00:25:18,600 --> 00:25:20,900 We should support countries that confront corruption, 376 00:25:20,900 --> 00:25:24,233 and allow their people to innovate. 377 00:25:24,233 --> 00:25:26,834 And we should advance the truth that nations prosper when they 378 00:25:26,834 --> 00:25:33,367 allow women and girls to reach their full potential. 379 00:25:33,367 --> 00:25:38,100 We do these things because we believe not simply in the rights 380 00:25:38,100 --> 00:25:44,767 of nations; we believe in the rights of citizens. 381 00:25:44,767 --> 00:25:47,166 That is the beacon that guided us through our fight against 382 00:25:47,166 --> 00:25:50,200 fascism and our twilight struggle against communism. 383 00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:54,100 And today, that idea is being put to the test in the Middle 384 00:25:54,100 --> 00:25:59,066 East and North Africa. 385 00:25:59,066 --> 00:26:02,633 In country after country, people are mobilizing to 386 00:26:02,633 --> 00:26:07,900 free themselves from the grip of an iron fist. 387 00:26:07,900 --> 00:26:12,333 And while these movements for change are just six months old, 388 00:26:12,333 --> 00:26:16,433 we have seen them play out before -- from Eastern Europe 389 00:26:16,433 --> 00:26:23,467 to the Americas, from South Africa to Southeast Asia. 390 00:26:23,467 --> 00:26:27,166 History tells us that democracy is not easy. 391 00:26:27,166 --> 00:26:29,700 It will be years before these revolutions reach their 392 00:26:29,700 --> 00:26:35,000 conclusion, and there will be difficult days along the way. 393 00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:38,900 Power rarely gives up without a fight -- particularly in places 394 00:26:38,900 --> 00:26:44,333 where there are divisions of tribe and divisions of sect. 395 00:26:44,333 --> 00:26:48,300 We also know that populism can take dangerous turns -- from the 396 00:26:48,300 --> 00:26:51,533 extremism of those who would use democracy to deny minority 397 00:26:51,533 --> 00:26:55,166 rights, to the nationalism that left so many scars on this 398 00:26:55,166 --> 00:26:59,033 continent in the 20th century. 399 00:26:59,033 --> 00:27:04,066 But make no mistake: What we saw, 400 00:27:04,066 --> 00:27:09,000 what we are seeing in Tehran, in Tunis, in Tahrir Square, 401 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:11,700 is a longing for the same freedoms that we take for 402 00:27:11,700 --> 00:27:15,667 granted here at home. 403 00:27:15,667 --> 00:27:18,433 It was a rejection of the notion that people in certain parts of 404 00:27:18,433 --> 00:27:22,567 the world don't want to be free, or need to have democracy 405 00:27:22,567 --> 00:27:25,467 imposed upon them. 406 00:27:25,467 --> 00:27:28,300 It was a rebuke to the worldview of al Qaeda, 407 00:27:28,300 --> 00:27:30,633 which smothers the rights of individuals, 408 00:27:30,633 --> 00:27:33,066 and would thereby subject them to perpetual poverty 409 00:27:33,066 --> 00:27:35,900 and violence. 410 00:27:35,900 --> 00:27:40,867 Let there be no doubt: The United States and United Kingdom 411 00:27:40,867 --> 00:27:47,767 stand squarely on the side of those who long to be free. 412 00:27:47,767 --> 00:27:50,800 And now, we must show that we will back up those words 413 00:27:50,800 --> 00:27:54,133 with deeds. 414 00:27:54,133 --> 00:27:57,266 That means investing in the future of those nations that 415 00:27:57,266 --> 00:28:02,467 transition to democracy, starting with Tunisia and Egypt 416 00:28:02,467 --> 00:28:05,800 -- by deepening ties of trade and commerce; 417 00:28:05,800 --> 00:28:11,967 by helping them demonstrate that freedom brings prosperity. 418 00:28:11,967 --> 00:28:16,567 And that means standing up for universal rights 419 00:28:16,567 --> 00:28:19,667 -- by sanctioning those who pursue repression, 420 00:28:19,667 --> 00:28:22,700 strengthening civil society, supporting 421 00:28:22,700 --> 00:28:27,333 the rights of minorities. 422 00:28:27,333 --> 00:28:33,033 We do this knowing that the West must overcome suspicion and 423 00:28:33,033 --> 00:28:38,066 mistrust among many in the Middle East and North Africa 424 00:28:38,066 --> 00:28:43,100 -- a mistrust that is rooted in a difficult past. 425 00:28:43,100 --> 00:28:46,233 For years, we've faced charges of hypocrisy from those who do 426 00:28:46,233 --> 00:28:52,300 not enjoy the freedoms that they hear us espouse. 427 00:28:52,300 --> 00:28:55,100 And so to them, we must squarely acknowledge that, yes, 428 00:28:55,100 --> 00:28:58,633 we have enduring interests in the region -- to fight terror, 429 00:28:58,633 --> 00:29:02,600 sometimes with partners who may not be perfect; 430 00:29:02,600 --> 00:29:08,266 to protect against disruptions of the world's energy supply. 431 00:29:08,266 --> 00:29:12,533 But we must also insist that we reject as false the choice 432 00:29:12,533 --> 00:29:16,934 between our interests and our ideals; 433 00:29:16,934 --> 00:29:21,033 between stability and democracy. 434 00:29:21,033 --> 00:29:26,166 For our idealism is rooted in the realities of history -- that 435 00:29:26,166 --> 00:29:32,500 repression offers only the false promise of stability, 436 00:29:32,500 --> 00:29:34,800 that societies are more successful when their citizens 437 00:29:34,800 --> 00:29:45,700 are free, and that democracies are the closest allies we have. 438 00:29:45,700 --> 00:29:51,333 It is that truth that guides our action in Libya. 439 00:29:51,333 --> 00:29:56,066 It would have been easy at the outset of the crackdown in Libya 440 00:29:56,066 --> 00:30:00,767 to say that none of this was our business -- that a nation's 441 00:30:00,767 --> 00:30:03,066 sovereignty is more important than the slaughter of civilians 442 00:30:03,066 --> 00:30:07,367 within its borders. 443 00:30:07,367 --> 00:30:13,834 That argument carries weight with some. 444 00:30:13,834 --> 00:30:17,200 But we are different. 445 00:30:17,200 --> 00:30:22,000 We embrace a broader responsibility. 446 00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:24,800 And while we cannot stop every injustice, 447 00:30:24,800 --> 00:30:30,133 there are circumstances that cut through our caution -- when a 448 00:30:30,133 --> 00:30:33,367 leader is threatening to massacre his people, 449 00:30:33,367 --> 00:30:38,266 and the international community is calling for action. 450 00:30:38,266 --> 00:30:43,400 That's why we stopped a massacre in Libya. 451 00:30:43,400 --> 00:30:47,867 And we will not relent until the people of Libya are protected 452 00:30:47,867 --> 00:30:53,533 and the shadow of tyranny is lifted. 453 00:30:53,533 --> 00:30:57,867 We will proceed with humility, and the knowledge that we cannot 454 00:30:57,867 --> 00:31:01,200 dictate every outcome abroad. 455 00:31:01,200 --> 00:31:03,834 Ultimately, freedom must be won by the people themselves, 456 00:31:03,834 --> 00:31:08,100 not imposed from without. 457 00:31:08,100 --> 00:31:13,400 But we can and must stand with those who so struggle. 458 00:31:13,400 --> 00:31:16,100 Because we have always believed that the future of our children 459 00:31:16,100 --> 00:31:20,233 and grandchildren will be better if other people's children and 460 00:31:20,233 --> 00:31:26,667 grandchildren are more prosperous and more free 461 00:31:26,667 --> 00:31:29,934 -- from the beaches of Normandy to the Balkans to Benghazi. 462 00:31:29,934 --> 00:31:36,600 That is our interests and our ideals. 463 00:31:36,600 --> 00:31:40,066 And if we fail to meet that responsibility, 464 00:31:40,066 --> 00:31:45,333 who would take our place, and what kind of world would 465 00:31:45,333 --> 00:31:50,867 we pass on? 466 00:31:50,867 --> 00:31:55,533 Our action -- our leadership -- is essential to the cause 467 00:31:55,533 --> 00:31:58,133 of human dignity. 468 00:31:58,133 --> 00:32:01,600 And so we must act -- and lead -- 469 00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:04,033 with confidence in our ideals, and an abiding faith in the 470 00:32:04,033 --> 00:32:10,533 character of our people, who sent us all here today. 471 00:32:10,533 --> 00:32:13,900 For there is one final quality that I believe makes the United 472 00:32:13,900 --> 00:32:17,867 States and the United Kingdom indispensable 473 00:32:17,867 --> 00:32:20,633 to this moment in history. 474 00:32:20,633 --> 00:32:26,667 And that is how we define ourselves as nations. 475 00:32:26,667 --> 00:32:27,800 Unlike most countries in the world, 476 00:32:27,800 --> 00:32:34,567 we do not define citizenship based on race or ethnicity. 477 00:32:34,567 --> 00:32:38,667 Being American or British is not about belonging to a certain 478 00:32:38,667 --> 00:32:46,000 group; it's about believing in a certain set of ideals -- 479 00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:52,333 the rights of individuals, the rule of law. 480 00:32:52,333 --> 00:32:58,967 That is why we hold incredible diversity within our borders. 481 00:32:58,967 --> 00:33:01,033 That's why there are people around the world right now 482 00:33:01,033 --> 00:33:03,266 who believe that if they come to America, 483 00:33:03,266 --> 00:33:05,567 if they come to New York, if they come to London, 484 00:33:05,567 --> 00:33:11,500 if they work hard, they can pledge allegiance to our flag 485 00:33:11,500 --> 00:33:15,700 and call themselves Americans; if they come to England, 486 00:33:15,700 --> 00:33:21,700 they can make a new life for themselves and can sing God 487 00:33:21,700 --> 00:33:28,200 Save The Queen just like any other citizen. 488 00:33:28,200 --> 00:33:31,500 Yes, our diversity can lead to tension. 489 00:33:31,500 --> 00:33:33,967 And throughout our history there have been heated debates about 490 00:33:33,967 --> 00:33:39,834 immigration and assimilation in both of our countries. 491 00:33:39,834 --> 00:33:41,967 But even as these debates can be difficult, 492 00:33:41,967 --> 00:33:46,066 we fundamentally recognize that our patchwork heritage is an 493 00:33:46,066 --> 00:33:50,800 enormous strength -- that in a world which will only grow 494 00:33:50,800 --> 00:33:56,667 smaller and more interconnected, the example of our two nations 495 00:33:56,667 --> 00:34:01,633 says it is possible for people to be united by their ideals, 496 00:34:01,633 --> 00:34:05,500 instead of divided by their differences; 497 00:34:05,500 --> 00:34:11,000 that it's possible for hearts to change and old hatreds to pass; 498 00:34:11,000 --> 00:34:14,734 that it's possible for the sons and daughters of former colonies 499 00:34:14,734 --> 00:34:19,400 to sit here as members of this great Parliament, 500 00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:22,300 and for the grandson of a Kenyan who served as a cook in the 501 00:34:22,300 --> 00:34:25,600 British Army to stand before you as President 502 00:34:25,600 --> 00:34:27,300 of the United States. 503 00:34:27,300 --> 00:34:47,100 (applause) 504 00:34:47,100 --> 00:34:51,199 That is what defines us. 505 00:34:51,199 --> 00:34:56,467 That is why the young men and women in the streets of Damascus 506 00:34:56,467 --> 00:35:01,500 and Cairo still reach for the rights our citizens enjoy, 507 00:35:01,500 --> 00:35:06,133 even if they sometimes differ with our policies. 508 00:35:06,133 --> 00:35:09,500 As two of the most powerful nations in the history of the 509 00:35:09,500 --> 00:35:13,700 world, we must always remember that the true source of our 510 00:35:13,700 --> 00:35:17,633 influence hasn't just been the size of our economies, 511 00:35:17,633 --> 00:35:23,600 or the reach of our militaries, or the land that we've claimed. 512 00:35:23,600 --> 00:35:27,066 It has been the values that we must never waver in defending 513 00:35:27,066 --> 00:35:32,300 around the world -- the idea that all beings are endowed 514 00:35:32,300 --> 00:35:38,867 by our Creator with certain rights that cannot be denied. 515 00:35:38,867 --> 00:35:43,867 That is what forged our bond in the fire of war -- a bond 516 00:35:43,867 --> 00:35:46,533 made manifest by the friendship between two 517 00:35:46,533 --> 00:35:50,533 of our greatest leaders. 518 00:35:50,533 --> 00:35:54,266 Churchill and Roosevelt had their differences. 519 00:35:54,266 --> 00:35:57,567 They were keen observers of each other's blind spots and 520 00:35:57,567 --> 00:36:02,166 shortcomings, if not always their own, 521 00:36:02,166 --> 00:36:04,233 and they were hard-headed about their ability to 522 00:36:04,233 --> 00:36:08,133 remake the world. 523 00:36:08,133 --> 00:36:12,467 But what joined the fates of these two men at that particular 524 00:36:12,467 --> 00:36:16,100 moment in history was not simply a shared interest in victory on 525 00:36:16,100 --> 00:36:19,033 the battlefield. 526 00:36:19,033 --> 00:36:21,500 It was a shared belief in the ultimate triumph of human 527 00:36:21,500 --> 00:36:28,333 freedom and human dignity -- a conviction that we have a say 528 00:36:28,333 --> 00:36:33,300 in how this story ends. 529 00:36:33,300 --> 00:36:40,200 This conviction lives on in their people today. 530 00:36:40,200 --> 00:36:43,300 The challenges we face are great. 531 00:36:43,300 --> 00:36:46,967 The work before us is hard. 532 00:36:46,967 --> 00:36:49,834 But we have come through a difficult decade, 533 00:36:49,834 --> 00:36:52,500 and whenever the tests and trials ahead may seem too big 534 00:36:52,500 --> 00:36:57,200 or too many, let us turn to their example, 535 00:36:57,200 --> 00:36:59,734 and the words that Churchill spoke on the day that Europe was 536 00:36:59,734 --> 00:37:05,300 freed: "In the long years to come, 537 00:37:05,300 --> 00:37:10,000 not only will the people of this island but...the world, wherever 538 00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:13,767 the bird of freedom chirps in the human heart, 539 00:37:13,767 --> 00:37:16,567 look back to what we've done, and they will say 'do not 540 00:37:16,567 --> 00:37:23,266 despair, do not yield... march straightforward.'" 541 00:37:23,266 --> 00:37:28,600 With courage and purpose, with humility and with hope, 542 00:37:28,600 --> 00:37:31,700 with faith in the promise of tomorrow, 543 00:37:31,700 --> 00:37:37,500 let us march straightforward together, 544 00:37:37,500 --> 00:37:42,433 enduring allies in the cause of a world that is more peaceful, 545 00:37:42,433 --> 00:37:46,133 more prosperous, and more just. 546 00:37:46,133 --> 00:37:47,233 Thank you very much. 547 00:37:47,233 --> 00:38:50,900 (applause) 548 00:38:53,867 --> 00:38:59,333 Speaker: Mr. President, I think that response describes far more 549 00:38:59,333 --> 00:39:06,600 eloquently than any words of mine could do how much that very 550 00:39:06,600 --> 00:39:13,500 memorable and inspiring address was appreciated by everybody who 551 00:39:13,500 --> 00:39:16,867 heard it here today. 552 00:39:16,867 --> 00:39:17,967 You spoke -- 553 00:39:17,967 --> 00:39:29,000 (applause) 554 00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:34,867 You spoke with great warmth and great generosity about the 555 00:39:34,867 --> 00:39:39,834 British Parliament and the British people and about the 556 00:39:39,834 --> 00:39:46,000 links that bind us, the values and the traditions 557 00:39:46,000 --> 00:39:48,100 that we share. 558 00:39:48,100 --> 00:39:52,734 The history that we have experienced together. 559 00:39:52,734 --> 00:39:57,500 But more than that, you spoke too not just of the 560 00:39:57,500 --> 00:40:03,266 relationships of the past, but the relationships of the future. 561 00:40:03,266 --> 00:40:10,467 And I think that was what made what you said so inspirational. 562 00:40:10,467 --> 00:40:18,867 It was a distinguished American governor of New York who 563 00:40:18,867 --> 00:40:24,500 remarked on the propensity of politicians to campaign in 564 00:40:24,500 --> 00:40:30,533 poetry, but to govern in prose. 565 00:40:30,533 --> 00:40:36,000 The world you described to us today was not just one that is 566 00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:41,400 prosaic; it was one where the challenges are difficult and 567 00:40:41,400 --> 00:40:44,066 sometimes dangerous. 568 00:40:44,066 --> 00:40:48,567 One that is fast moving, that is complex, 569 00:40:48,567 --> 00:40:51,233 sometimes contradictory. 570 00:40:51,233 --> 00:40:59,433 And that offers at least as many threats as opportunities. 571 00:40:59,433 --> 00:41:03,600 But in the eloquence of your address, 572 00:41:03,600 --> 00:41:08,200 you reminded us of the importance of maintaining the 573 00:41:08,200 --> 00:41:12,033 poetry in government. 574 00:41:12,033 --> 00:41:18,767 Because to lead, that poetry is necessary. 575 00:41:18,767 --> 00:41:24,166 Necessary not only to articulate the challenges, 576 00:41:24,166 --> 00:41:27,700 as you did so masterfully. 577 00:41:27,700 --> 00:41:33,200 But also to bring others together to face those 578 00:41:33,200 --> 00:41:37,100 challenges with common principles and with 579 00:41:37,100 --> 00:41:39,533 shared purpose. 580 00:41:39,533 --> 00:41:45,467 Mr. President, it has been a privilege for all of us to hear 581 00:41:45,467 --> 00:41:47,800 you speak today. 582 00:41:47,800 --> 00:41:52,567 It is a privilege for me to have the responsibility of thanking 583 00:41:52,567 --> 00:41:58,700 you on behalf of both Houses of Parliament, 584 00:41:58,700 --> 00:42:05,200 for coming to Westminster, and to wish you and Mrs. Obama a 585 00:42:05,200 --> 00:42:10,066 very happy and pleasant rest of your stay in the 586 00:42:10,066 --> 00:42:11,633 United Kingdom. 587 00:42:11,633 --> 00:42:12,633 Thank you so much. 588 00:42:12,633 --> 00:42:16,600 (applause)