[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.04,0:00:09.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The body becomes its own corset.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.82,0:00:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Past, present, and future \Nexist as a single force.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.64,0:00:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A swing without gravity soars \Nto a terrifying height.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.31,0:00:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The outlines of people and things \Ndissolve.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.12,0:00:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Countless poets and writers \Nhave tried to put words
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.36,0:00:28.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the experience of a panic attack—
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.88,0:00:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sensation so overwhelming, many people \Nmistake it for a heart attack, stroke,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.94,0:00:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or other life-threatening crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.84,0:00:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though panic attacks don’t cause \Nlong-term physical harm,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.06,0:00:44.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afterwards, the fear of another attack \Ncan limit someone’s daily life—
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.37,0:00:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cause more panic attacks.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.96,0:00:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studies suggest that almost a third of us
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.36,0:00:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will experience at least one \Npanic attack in our lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.73,0:00:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And whether it’s your first, \Nyour hundredth,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.38,0:00:57.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you’re witnessing someone else \Ngo through one,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.97,0:01:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no one wants to repeat the experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.72,0:01:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even learning about them can \Nbe uncomfortable, but it’s necessary—
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.94,0:01:09.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the first step to preventing \Npanic attacks is understanding them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.17,0:01:13.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At its core, a panic attack \Nis an overreaction to the body’s
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.28,0:01:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,normal physiological response \Nto the perception of danger.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.13,0:01:19.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This response starts with the amygdala,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.55,0:01:22.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the brain region involved \Nin processing fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.63,0:01:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the amygdala perceives danger,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.54,0:01:27.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it stimulates \Nthe sympathetic nervous system,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.39,0:01:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which triggers the release of adrenaline.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.09,0:01:33.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adrenaline prompts an increase \Nin the heart and breathing rate
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.32,0:01:37.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get blood and oxygen \Nto the muscles of the arms and legs.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.34,0:01:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This also sends oxygen to the brain, \Nmaking it more alert and responsive.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.88,0:01:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During a panic attack,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.31,0:01:48.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this response is exaggerated \Nwell past what would be useful
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.27,0:01:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a dangerous situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.33,0:01:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing a racing heart, heavy breathing, \Nor hyperventilation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.12,0:01:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The changes to blood flow \Ncause lightheadedness
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.80,0:02:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and numbness in the hands and feet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.82,0:02:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A panic attack usually peaks \Nwithin 10 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.87,0:02:07.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, the prefrontal cortex \Ntakes over from the amygdala
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.29,0:02:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stimulates \Nthe parasympathetic nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.64,0:02:14.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This triggers the release of a hormone \Ncalled acetylcholine
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.14,0:02:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that decreases the heart rate \Nand gradually winds down the panic attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.27,0:02:22.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a panic attack, the body’s \Nperception of danger
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.22,0:02:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is enough to trigger the response we would\Nhave to a real threat— and then some.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.35,0:02:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't know for sure \Nwhy this happens,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.15,0:02:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but sometimes cues in the environment \Nthat remind us
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.91,0:02:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of traumatic past experience \Ncan trigger a panic attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.06,0:02:39.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Panic attacks can be part \Nof anxiety disorders
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.69,0:02:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like PTSD, social anxiety disorder, OCD, \Nand generalized anxiety disorder.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.66,0:02:50.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recurring panic attacks, \Nfrequent worry about new attacks,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.37,0:02:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and behavioral changes \Nto avoid panic attacks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.35,0:02:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can lead to a diagnosis \Nof a panic disorder.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.12,0:02:59.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The two main treatments \Nfor panic disorder
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.52,0:03:05.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are antidepressant medication \Nand cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.37,0:03:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both have about a 40% response rate—
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.61,0:03:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though someone who responds to one \Nmay not respond to the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.41,0:03:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, antidepressant medications \Ncarry some side effects,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.30,0:03:20.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and 50% of people relapse \Nwhen they stop taking them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.11,0:03:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CBT, meanwhile, is more lasting, \Nwith only a 20% relapse rate.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.98,0:03:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The goal of CBT treatment for panic \Ndisorder is to help people learn
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.89,0:03:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and practice concrete tools \Nto exert physical, and in turn mental,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.38,0:03:39.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,control over the sensations and thoughts \Nassociated with a panic attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.66,0:03:44.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CBT begins with an explanation of the \Nphysiological causes of a panic attack,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.71,0:03:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,followed by breath and muscle exercises \Ndesigned to help people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.64,0:03:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consciously control breathing patterns.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.82,0:03:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next comes cognitive restructuring,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.26,0:03:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which involves identifying \Nand changing the thoughts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.82,0:03:58.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are common during attacks—
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.75,0:04:02.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as believing you’ll stop breathing, \Nhave a heart attack, or die—
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.88,0:04:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and replacing them \Nwith more accurate thoughts.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.06,0:04:11.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next stage of treatment is exposure \Nto the bodily sensations and situations
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.68,0:04:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that typically trigger a panic attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.65,0:04:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The goal is to change the belief, \Nthrough experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.86,0:04:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these sensations and situations \Nare dangerous.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.31,0:04:27.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even after CBT, taking these steps \Nisn’t easy in the grip of an attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.51,0:04:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But with practice, these tools \Ncan both prevent and de-escalate attacks,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.21,0:04:36.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ultimately reduce the hold of panic \Non a person’s life.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.52,0:04:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Outside formal therapy,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.21,0:04:44.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many panickers find relief from the same \Nbeliefs CBT aims to instill:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.62,0:04:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fear can’t hurt you, \Nbut holding on to it will escalate panic.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.12,0:04:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if you’ve never had a panic attack,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.68,0:04:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understanding them will help you identify \None in yourself or someone else—
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.43,0:05:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and recognizing them is the first step \Nin preventing them.