[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.37,0:00:15.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}music{\i0}\NHerald Angel: Well, a lot of hackers in
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.91,0:00:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this room, but I don't know if you knew\Nthat, but but every being on this planet
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.91,0:00:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a source code. Even your cats, your\Ngirlfriend, your boyfriend and your dog.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.10,0:00:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the next speaker actually know how to\Nread the source code of human beings - the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.33,0:00:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human genome. Anna Müllner is a German\Nmedical biotechnologist and she completed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.91,0:00:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her PhD in cancer research, but she is\Nalso a science blogger, podcaster and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.29,0:00:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,science slammer, known under the name\NAdora Belle. She says something that's
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.95,0:01:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quite interesting for me as a privacy\Nactivist, she says genome sequencing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.36,0:01:07.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provides us with opportunities for medical\Nand biological science, but with
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.53,0:01:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,challenges in ethics and privacy. Please\Ngive a round of applause to the next
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.68,0:01:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speaker, Adora Belle!\N{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.01,0:01:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adora Belle: Yeah, hello and welcome to my\Ntalk about genetic codes and what they
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.61,0:01:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tell us and everyone else. You might\Nrealize it's a little different code than
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.32,0:01:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of you are used to, so at first I'd\Nlike to introduce myself, to say who I am,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.24,0:01:46.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how did I get here. Katasha already\Ntold you some of that, so I can go quite
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.54,0:01:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quickly.\NI'm a biologist and I did my PhD in cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.30,0:01:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,research, so I'm always interested about\Ncancer. In this talk will have a slight
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.74,0:02:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,influence by that. I'm blogging, I'm\Npodcasting, I'm talking about science and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.91,0:02:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slamming about science as well, but what\Npeople might actually wonder is how did I
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.64,0:02:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually get here?\NAnd you may remember a couple of years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.41,0:02:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Chaos Communication Club, Chaos\NComputer Club, sorry, they stole the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.95,0:02:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fingerprint of Wolfgang Schäuble, because\Nhe wanted to put the fingerprint of each
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.80,0:02:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of us on our ID cards. And as you might\Nhave realized the last time you renewed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.83,0:02:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your ID card, that actually happened. And\Nat the time I was in Scotland and I was
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.23,0:02:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing a course in forensics. And it's\Nactually me at a mock crime scene, so no
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.69,0:02:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people were harmed but I was quite sweaty\Nunder the suit so... and I realized that if
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.82,0:02:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you take the glass of someone they drinks\Nfrom and you take a fingerprint you can
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.76,0:03:00.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also take the genetic fingerprint and\Nactually
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.84,0:03:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a whole genome of someone on\Nthere. So to quickly summarize where you
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.80,0:03:15.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can find genetic information: You can find\Nit just about anywhere. You can find it on
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.41,0:03:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shed skin cells, in the saliva, and blood\Nand hair, in urine, and feces, and sperm, and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.55,0:03:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vaginal fluid, and we actually, we spread\Nit all the time, and for example, you have
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.58,0:03:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it on your toothbrush, on your hairbrush,\Non your keyboard, other personal items
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.86,0:03:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like your cell phone, it's even on used\Ncondoms and remember, there's probably also
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.96,0:03:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the DNA of someone else on there, and also\Nyou have it on other people. So if you
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.24,0:03:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scratch someone you have their DNA. If you\Nlose hair and skin cells, if you touch
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.66,0:04:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people you will transfer some of your\Ngenetic information and also, like I said
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.70,0:04:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Wolfgang Schäuble, on glasses, on\Nletters that you lick to close them, on
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.98,0:04:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cigarettes that you smoke and also some\Npart of your DNA, and this is quite
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.09,0:04:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,important, is in your relatives. Because\Nyou share the genetic information to some
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.77,0:04:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extent. So to quickly introduce the terms.\N"Genetic fingerprints". Genetic
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.00,0:04:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fingerprints actually provide no personal\Ninformation as such, besides the biological
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.24,0:04:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gender, that's what you can actually check\Nfor, but the other information is nonsense
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.46,0:04:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information, that will not tell you\Nanything about the person. But it gives
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.71,0:04:49.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you a positi... possibility to find\Nrelatives since you share these
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.46,0:04:56.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information, and it gives you the\Npossibility to reidentify people and it's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.15,0:05:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a unique sequence. And if you compare this\Nto a whole genome, which is becoming more
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.64,0:05:08.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,common now in research, you can find the\Nbiological gender, of course, you can find
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.74,0:05:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ethnicity of a person, you can look at\Ngenetic diseases, you can find out
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.45,0:05:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something about the looks of the person,\Nand you can find out things about their
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.83,0:05:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relatives as well. And as we do more\Nresearch, we will find that there will be
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.02,0:05:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even more information to come and similar\Nto the fingerprint, you will be able to
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.46,0:05:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reidentify people with this unique\Nsequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.02,0:05:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in between the fingerprint\Nand the genome there will be a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.49,0:05:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,genetic profiles that have some kind of\Nreach depending on how far you want to
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.37,0:05:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look, how deep you want to look.\NAnd of course people said, this is quite
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.62,0:05:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,important information,\Nso they said the human genome will
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.54,0:06:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually be a final frontier in biology,\Nbecause it actually, it is our source code,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.33,0:06:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is what makes us us. And so they\Nstarted the Human Genome Project and said
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.85,0:06:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we sequence all this DNA, then we will\Nbe able to reach kind of the Holy Grail
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.33,0:06:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they expected 100,000 genes and Bill\NGates then said, this would be the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.41,0:06:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,language in which God created life, so\Nthis was kind of a, yeah, a major goal
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.76,0:06:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they wanted to do. And then they\Nfound out that there are only 19,000 to
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.70,0:06:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20,000 genes, which is about the same\Nnumber as nematodes, so - that's a kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.77,0:06:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little worm - and four times more than the\Nbacteria in your gut, and so the leader of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.10,0:07:02.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the project, Craig Venter, whose own\Ngenome was sequenced, he then said "we
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.65,0:07:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't know a shit", he said, we have no\Nidea what it means. And there they said
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.97,0:07:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then, well, to find out more we actually\Nneed to sequence more genomes. And this
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.67,0:07:19.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does make sense, because, if you want to\Nfind answers in the genome, then you have
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.29,0:07:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to compare these genomes, and this then\Nlead to different projects, which are still
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.68,0:07:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going on, like the 1000 Genomes project, the\N10,000 autism genome project, the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.52,0:07:38.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,100,000 genomes project in the UK,\Nand the 1,000,000 genomes project in the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.95,0:07:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,US, and there are other genome projects,\Nlike for example the Cancer Genome Project
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.95,0:07:49.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these all aim at a kind of\Npersonalized medicine, so to compare your
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.25,0:07:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DNA and then adjust treatment to your\Ngenome. But as I will tell you soon, these
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.59,0:08:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will not answer all the questions, because\NDNA is much more about the regulation. Our
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.18,0:08:16.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DNA is regulated, in a way that it's more\Nmobile and agile to respond, or, actually
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.17,0:08:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the DNA is quite static, but the\Nregulation of the DNA actually made... makes
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.65,0:08:27.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it extremely adaptive. And then there is\Nanother thing, because
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.78,0:08:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as I said, DNA is a code. It's similar to\Nyour code that you do for a program, but
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.31,0:08:42.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then how the user uses this program can\Nvary extremely widely, so you will find
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.97,0:08:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that, even though the similar... the\Ninformation is similar in people, it might
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.50,0:08:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look different in the person itself. So,\Njust to give you a quick impression about
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.91,0:09:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how these interactions look like. These\Nare the products of the genome, or some of
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.53,0:09:07.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the project... products, they're called\Nproteins and these interact with ... with
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.59,0:09:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each other, and we will find that they have\Nall these interactions, all these
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.61,0:09:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crossroads. One interacts with the next\Nand this then inhibits something else and
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.92,0:09:27.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is quite complex. But still, DNA\Nresearch does have its uses, so it will
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.33,0:09:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide us with valuable information, but\Nwhat you need to keep in mind is that is
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.50,0:09:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it valuable for whom? So it could be used,\Nthe whole genome sequencing could soon be
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.73,0:09:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used instead of specific tests, because\Nit's becoming more and more cheaper all
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.59,0:09:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the time and it would give us the\Npossibility to study specific genes in a
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.97,0:09:57.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,population, a genetic disease, inherited\Ncancer and genetic risks. And so, since I'm
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.19,0:10:04.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a cancer researcher, I'm doing a quick X\Ncourse here. You can study single gene
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.19,0:10:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,diseases, which are usually, then, if you\Nhave a mutation, and you find this in the
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.32,0:10:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,genome, the person will have the disease\Nwith a very very high likelihood. There're
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.90,0:10:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very rare cases, which this does not\Nhappen but these are very rare, these
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.07,0:10:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,single gene diseases and also there are\Nsome cancer genes. These are genes, that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.59,0:10:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we all have but if they are mutated they\Nwill very likely lead to cancer in a very,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.76,0:10:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at a very early point in life. And you\Nmight remember Angelina Jolie, who found a
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.26,0:10:44.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cancer gene or gene in her, that was ...\Nthat would lead to her having breast
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.85,0:10:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cancer very early in life and so she had\Nher breasts removed and this also exists
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.91,0:10:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for colon cancer and there are also\Nspecial syndromes, which lead to having
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.07,0:11:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more or being more susceptible to cancer,\Nso these are also rare, actually. But it
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.21,0:11:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is very likely, that in the Western world\Nwe will die from two major causes,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.85,0:11:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one is cardiovascular disease and the\Nother is cancer. And when you think about
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.44,0:11:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to not get cancer I always say: It is\Nto be boring, so you need to have a
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.78,0:11:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,healthy lifestyle, so no smoking, less\Ndrinking, staying fit and not eating too
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.20,0:11:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much and avoiding radioactivity also plays\Na big part and not go into the Sun without
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.95,0:11:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sunscreen and to accept your screening\Nappointments with your doctor, but even
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.35,0:11:57.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then I always say that cancer is mostly\Nbad luck, which is also the opinion of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.67,0:12:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many cancer researchers. And if you don't\Nget it, it just means that you have not
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.84,0:12:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,died of something else earlier. Because it\Nis a disease that comes with age and it
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.15,0:12:16.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gets more likely to have this disease as\Nyou become older and genetic risk factors
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.77,0:12:23.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then play very little role, actually. So\Nthen let's talk about the private genetic
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.72,0:12:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sequencing companies that are sprouting\Nup everywhere. You might have heard of
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.24,0:12:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,23andme, which is a mail in genetic test,\Nwhich tests you for diseases and ethnicity
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.24,0:12:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they sequence over 500,000 gene\Nlocations. There's a similar company
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.08,0:12:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called ancestry, which just check your\Nancestry, so it's a kind of ethnicity. And
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.82,0:12:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's the ingenia.com "surname project",\Nwhich compares your DNA to a male lineage
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.41,0:13:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the male lineage with the last name.\NAnd also now we have whole genome
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.39,0:13:09.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sequencing companies like the "Full\NGenomes Cooperation", "Guardium", "Gene by
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.20,0:13:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gene" and even more. And you have to\Nrealize that these companies will have
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.79,0:13:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quite some genetic information stored. And\Nthis is all nice and safe since the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.75,0:13:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,government in America - where most of\Nthese companies are - has repeatedly shown
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.05,0:13:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to respect privacy. And of course that\Nwon't change under the new president, I
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.29,0:13:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think. so... already in 2010 Kashmir Hill\Nan author at Forbes, she wrote an article
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.58,0:13:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called "Genome Hackers" where she showed\Na lot of foresight. And - I'm just going
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.03,0:13:54.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to quote here - "As gene tests become\Ncommon, possibilities for abuse will
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.28,0:13:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intensify. Banks might not offer you a\Nmortgage if you were likely
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.95,0:14:03.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to die before it was paid off. A pregnant\Nwoman might secretly get DNA from her
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.48,0:14:07.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lovers, so she knows who the father is.\NSomeone might check out a potential mate
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.87,0:14:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for genetic flaws. Politicians might dig\Nup dirt on their rivals. Another question:
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.79,0:14:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How far should law enforcement be allowed\Nto go? Should prosecutors be allowed to
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.15,0:14:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subpoena a company's DNA database of\Nthousands of people if they suspect it
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.91,0:14:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contains a match to a crime suspect? And\Nthen a year later, Robert Langreth, he
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.04,0:14:37.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,referred to this article then said: "I\Nthink this issue is just starting to
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.46,0:14:42.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emerge. It will be a classic conflict\Nbetween scientists' desire for more data
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.03,0:14:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Americans' desire to keep sensitive\Npersonal information private. If your DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.98,0:14:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is an easily accessible database,what are\Nthe limits of what bureaucrats can do with
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.11,0:14:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it?"\NAnd what I find quite interesting here is
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.68,0:15:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he just makes this between scientists\Nand privacy oriented Americans, when we
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.83,0:15:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about it today it might be even more\Nlike companies and people who don't really
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.69,0:15:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about privacy. And then we come a\Nlittle year, a couple of years later and
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.05,0:15:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually this is what then happens. So\N23andme and ancestry were repeatedly asked
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.68,0:15:28.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by law enforcement to hand over DNA\Ndatabases.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.79,0:15:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they actually disclosed that they have\Nfive DNA samples that they gave to the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.53,0:15:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cops and so one case for example, which\Nwas not 23andme, but that's a filmmaker.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.73,0:15:55.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there was a cold case and there was\NDNA on the murder victim and they compared
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.32,0:16:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it to a voluntary Y chromosome database or\Nso. A male lineage searched. And they
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.77,0:16:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found out that the DNA on the murder\Nvictim belonged to someone who was related
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.63,0:16:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to someone in this database and that\Nsomeone actually had a son so they said,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.92,0:16:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, then we test him. And so they found\Nfilmmaker Usry and they tested him.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.42,0:16:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However the complete DNA then did not\Nmatch and he was cleared of the charge and
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.66,0:16:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a statement by the privacy officer of\N23andme kind of shows what we are getting
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.20,0:16:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into because she said: "In the event we\Nare required by law to make a disclosure
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.58,0:16:46.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will notify the affected customer\Nthrough the contact information provided
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.79,0:16:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to us, unless doing so would violate the\Nlaw or a court order."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.78,0:16:57.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if your DNA becomes interesting in a\Ncrime case they might tell you but they
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.83,0:17:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might also not tell you and of course then\Nthere's this "I've got nothing to hide and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.58,0:17:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the suspect was cleared so it will all be\Nin order after all" - just always remember
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.64,0:17:15.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there can be planted evidence.\NBecause, as I said, you shed your DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:17:15.17,0:17:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everywhere. And it's quite easy to obtain\Nyour genetic information or place it at a
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.39,0:17:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crime scene which might at least lead to\Nconfusion. And there could be
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.93,0:17:29.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,circumstantial evidence so that a crime\Nhappens somewhere where you're working or
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.64,0:17:36.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you are often. And always remember\Nthe Heilbronn Phantom case, where they
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.44,0:17:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found the DNA of a woman at completely\Nunconnected crime cases and this DNA was
Dialogue: 0,0:17:45.08,0:17:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later found in the swabs that they used to\Ntest the evidence. Because the lady who
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.86,0:18:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had produced these swabs had contaminated\Nthe swabs and as you might remember this
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.42,0:18:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led to a lot of confusion in the research\Nor in the criminal investigation. And if
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.10,0:18:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you think that data is the new oil, it\Ntruly is. For companies like 23andme who
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.87,0:18:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have reportedly sold genetic data to\Nprivate companies and this was - of course
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.28,0:18:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- for research. And they did it with 1.2\Nmillion genetic profiles that they have in
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.67,0:18:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their database for parkinson research. And\Nthere seemed to be more deals planned and
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.94,0:18:39.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anne Wojcicki of 23andMe, she said that\Nshe wants the whole world's healthcare
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.33,0:18:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,data accessible to everyone. And of course\Nthey do have a consent form and this is
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.97,0:18:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signed by about 80% of customers, which\Nprobably think "Well, if if I can help
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.84,0:19:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with my DNA to do some research that's\Nfine." So, but do they really know what
Dialogue: 0,0:19:00.64,0:19:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're getting into? And this is why I\Nwould like to come to Genetic Sequencing
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.69,0:19:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Privacy. And if we talk about privacy we\Nhave to think about for whom is a genome
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.21,0:19:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting. Since the 23andme test for\Nexample is a mail-in tests so you could
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.06,0:19:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,send in the DNA of someone else and then\Nyou could test someone else on their
Dialogue: 0,0:19:29.06,0:19:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,genes. And this could be a prospective\Npartner - if they have
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.70,0:19:42.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good DNA to have offspring with, maybe, or\Nmight die early, or might die late. Family
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.47,0:19:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,members - if you want to know if your son\Nis really your son, your daughter is
Dialogue: 0,0:19:45.33,0:19:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really your daughter, test for paternity\Nand maybe if you want to know if you were
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.21,0:19:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adopted. Insurance companies might be\Nquite interested in this data. Employers
Dialogue: 0,0:19:58.32,0:20:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be interested. And prospective\Nparents could be interested, because you
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.32,0:20:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can test - from just one cell - the genome\Nof an embryo for example. And who knows
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.32,0:20:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who might else be interested, once more\Ninformation becomes accessible. And the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.80,0:20:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,price is quite cheap actually to do. The\Ngenetic test with 23andme is 200 dollars,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.60,0:20:30.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the price of a whole genome is now below\N1,000 US dollars and the price will
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.13,0:20:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decrease further. So we could be, should be\Nquite weary about what's going on. Because
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.12,0:20:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example 23andme blogs completely\Nopenly about what they do. And they
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.05,0:20:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connected a man to his biological father.\NBut this was not because his father had
Dialogue: 0,0:20:50.76,0:20:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entered his DNA in the database it was\Nbecause his cousin had. So someone put...
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.46,0:21:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got tested by 23andme, 23andme said well\Nhere is your cousin and then he found out
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.57,0:21:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this... that there could be his\Nfather that he had been looking for. And
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.18,0:21:15.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quite interestingly could be faith so\Nthere's an African American woman who was
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.91,0:21:20.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always interested in the Jewish faith and\Nthen found out via 23andme that she is
Dialogue: 0,0:21:20.82,0:21:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,related to the Ashkenazi Jewish tribe. And\Ntoday this information is well just
Dialogue: 0,0:21:31.76,0:21:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information, it doesn't really matter to\Nus.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.52,0:21:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But just remember if this information had\Nbeen available 70, 80 years earlier. And a
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.00,0:21:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar example could be Indian castes. So,\Nthe caste system in India is outlawed. But
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.64,0:21:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're still a traditionalist there,\Nyou could test people to which caste they
Dialogue: 0,0:21:55.67,0:22:03.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,belong to and discriminate against them.\NAnd then there's another... another case
Dialogue: 0,0:22:03.95,0:22:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that just happened this year, where there\Nwere plans of testing... gene testing at
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.95,0:22:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Kuwaiti border and they say, of\Ncourse, "This is anti-terrorism.", which
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.94,0:22:20.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not really make sense. Because you\Nneed some DNA to compare and to find
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.09,0:22:28.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terrorism and terrorists. There is no\N"terror gene". And what could be the real
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.45,0:22:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reason could be to keep out non-Kuwaitis,\Nbecause they have nomads, like beduines
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.07,0:22:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they don't really like. And that they\Ncould also test family members and then
Dialogue: 0,0:22:42.99,0:22:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put them under pressure if they might have\Nan illegitimate child or if their wife has
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.68,0:22:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,been unfaithful just to put on some... yeah...\Nsome kind of bad information about them.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.66,0:23:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when I was doing research for the\Ntalk I found quite interesting that a
Dialogue: 0,0:23:04.59,0:23:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blogger had his whole genome sequence and\Nhe got a hard drive from Illumina and this
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.49,0:23:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hard drive was actually encrypted and\Nwasn't encrypted by TrueCrypt. So this was
Dialogue: 0,0:23:15.36,0:23:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 years ago and we now know that this\Nmight have not been completely safe. And...
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.76,0:23:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we also have to take a... take up that\Ngenetic data can be useful but we have to
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.71,0:23:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have this compromise because it can be\Nmisused.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.29,0:23:39.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And since it does have relevance in\Nresearch they are... there's a large
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.31,0:23:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amount of genome stored for research\Npurposes at many institutes. And David
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.21,0:23:51.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Goldstein said at the Institute of genome\Nmedicine at Columbia University that there
Dialogue: 0,0:23:51.49,0:23:54.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is an irreversible drive toward obtaining\Nmore and more complete genetic
Dialogue: 0,0:23:54.89,0:23:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information. And we are all going to be\Nsequenced the question is just who does it
Dialogue: 0,0:23:59.53,0:24:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what is done with it. The challenge\Nwill be to do good things with the data.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:03.08,0:24:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you want to do good things you have\Nto share the data and the genomes need to
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.25,0:24:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be compared. And their data size is a\Nproblem, because genomes can be extremely
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.09,0:24:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large and depending on the coverage of the\Ndata and of the genome and there's about
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.77,0:24:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,200 terabytes stored in Amazon Cloud for\Nthe 1000 Genomes Project and there's also
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.11,0:24:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now Google Genomics which wants to help\Nyou with a big data of genomes.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:32.18,0:24:38.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And is that worth it? Well, maybe genome\Nresearch can be worth it for specific
Dialogue: 0,0:24:38.17,0:24:43.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,purposes during research and to adjust\Ntreatment of diseases, which works to a
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.10,0:24:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,point. But also in forensics. But then we\Nhave to make up which limits. And for the
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.64,0:24:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individual person genetic tests are\Nprobably not necessary unless your doctor
Dialogue: 0,0:24:57.85,0:25:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advises you to. And you have to wonder if\Nyour ancestry really matters that much to
Dialogue: 0,0:25:05.75,0:25:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you. And always keep in mind that this is\Nnot just your information. It's also the
Dialogue: 0,0:25:12.76,0:25:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information of your relatives. And do you\Nreally want to know what the test tells
Dialogue: 0,0:25:19.48,0:25:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you? Does it... If it comes up with a\Ngenetic disease that cannot be treated -
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.91,0:25:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do you want to know? And also if the DNA\Ngets out there, if your genetic
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.88,0:25:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information is disclosed and you're\Nconnected to it, you cannot change your
Dialogue: 0,0:25:36.11,0:25:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DNA. It will always be the same and you\Ncan always be recognized by it.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.34,0:25:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'd like to thank you for all for your\Nattention and I hope you have some
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.50,0:25:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,questions for me.\N{\i1}Applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:25:53.42,0:26:04.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Thank you so much for this talk. We\Nhave six microphones here on the ground
Dialogue: 0,0:26:04.79,0:26:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,floor. So if you want to... If you have a\Nquestion, you can line up there and we
Dialogue: 0,0:26:11.26,0:26:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still have some time left. There was one\Nquestion, at number 1.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.23,0:26:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mic 2: Yeah, thank you for your talk and\Nfor the information.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:21.93,0:26:24.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AH: No, number 1.\NM2: Oh, sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:24.89,0:26:30.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}laughter{\i0}\NMic 1: Hi! So you were talking about this
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.33,0:26:37.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problem with people wanting to share\Ntheir... their genetic sequence for
Dialogue: 0,0:26:37.55,0:26:43.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,science, but on the other side you have\Nthe problem that the scope of that is not
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.93,0:26:50.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,obvious. Could you solve that by like\Nputting everything into public domain.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:50.37,0:26:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AB: Public domain of all genomes?\NM1: Yeah. I don't know it's just a
Dialogue: 0,0:26:55.09,0:26:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thought.\NAB: That would be kind of the post privacy
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.09,0:27:00.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,approach that you're all... hold... or\Nthat the genomes of the world are all in
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.09,0:27:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,public domain like this Columbia professor\Nsaid, maybe. Well, that's not really
Dialogue: 0,0:27:08.35,0:27:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solving, that's just saying "Okay, if we\Nhave the information of everyone
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.06,0:27:17.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,available, then no one can be\Ndiscriminated against because there's dirt
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.41,0:27:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on anyone... maybe?" But I don't know if\Nthat's the correct way, because we have to
Dialogue: 0,0:27:23.33,0:27:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make a decision for 7, 8 billion people on\Nthe world, so...
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.72,0:27:34.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Thank you for this question. We have\Nalso some question from the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.77,0:27:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Signal Angel: As you don't want to give\Ngenetic information to corperations and
Dialogue: 0,0:27:40.27,0:27:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,government is it possible to... to do the\Ntest at home and how much would it cost?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.32,0:27:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AB: So... the testing of the DNA is done\Nwith 23andme but you can do the... you can
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.73,0:27:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disagree to share the information, so...\Nand then you'd have to hope that they do
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.02,0:28:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is... like such. Or as such. But that\Ndoesn't really kno... But then I don't
Dialogue: 0,0:28:05.16,0:28:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know if it might still come up for police\Ninvestigation, still. So doing it at home
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.06,0:28:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be quite difficult, because the\Nsequencing machines are very cost... or
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.30,0:28:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very costly and very difficult to use. But\Nthere was talk about doing it with a
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.02,0:28:32.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smartphone. To have a just a tiny device\Nwho does this for you. But I have not
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.15,0:28:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heard that this is now accessible yet.\NHerald: Another question from number 3.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:38.71,0:28:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mic 3: Hi, from your expert point of view,\Nhave you been thinking of or are you in a
Dialogue: 0,0:28:44.04,0:28:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,database for a bone marrow donations and\Nwhat do you think about that?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:48.39,0:28:53.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AB: Yeah I actually am and I did this when\NI was 16 and wasn't really thinking about
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.27,0:29:01.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it. I think now that this is... they will\Nprobably not take your whole genome, but
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.89,0:29:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they do have some information on me stored\Nand they might even have the probe still
Dialogue: 0,0:29:06.92,0:29:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stored. Like the blood that I gave at that\Npoint. So they could still be doing - if
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.75,0:29:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were criminals - just test my genome\Nfor that. So yes, but I am in the database
Dialogue: 0,0:29:22.00,0:29:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also a blood donor. So my blood is\Nsomewhere out there, all the time, and...
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.90,0:29:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,M3: And have you been thinking of revoking\Nit? Like... Maybe you can revoke your
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.05,0:29:38.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,database entry?\NAB: I think I could... But for this... As
Dialogue: 0,0:29:38.92,0:29:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,long as I don't know that they actually\Ntake my genome out of it, as long as they
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.74,0:29:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just store the information on my... yeah,\Nmy major histocompatibility complex so
Dialogue: 0,0:29:50.30,0:29:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what they what they look at. But\Nthey look at it genetically. I just hope
Dialogue: 0,0:29:56.10,0:30:01.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do some good, but, yeah you're right.\NThey pro... they probably don't have my
Dialogue: 0,0:30:01.81,0:30:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whole genome as such, as information. But\Nthey do have some genetic information and
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.07,0:30:14.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they do have my probe stored, so...\NHerald: Thank you for this question. There is
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.89,0:30:19.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another question from the internet.\NSignal angel: Do you think these kind of studies are
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.61,0:30:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already carried out secretly from our\Nsamples we give to health care orgs just
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.40,0:30:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like blood giving?\NAB: Well, well,... If they do it secretly,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:29.47,0:30:36.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then I don't... probably don't know about\Nit. But... So that's quite difficult to
Dialogue: 0,0:30:36.19,0:30:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,answer. But it could be possible,\Nespecially in regimes where there's no
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.21,0:30:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,democracy, for example. And but... I'm not\Nsure if this happens, because I don't have
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.98,0:30:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that kind of information.\NHerald: So, another question from number 2.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:59.74,0:31:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,M2: Um, hello! I think there was a project\Nthat, instead of working with a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:31:07.10,0:31:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different genome sequence, try to work with\Na single sequence and branching for
Dialogue: 0,0:31:14.50,0:31:20.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically branching the little differences\Nfor... for everybody. Would that solve the
Dialogue: 0,0:31:20.25,0:31:25.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,privary... the privacy problems a bit?\NAB: To just look at the differences to
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.21,0:31:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other genomes?\NM3: Yeah or would that there... we know
Dialogue: 0,0:31:27.73,0:31:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the research and stuff...\NAB: Well this... So there is a format that
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.42,0:31:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just checks for differences in the genome\Nwhich is... gives you a much smaller data
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.20,0:31:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,size, so you have your common genome and\Nthen you have the data si... uhm... just
Dialogue: 0,0:31:42.64,0:31:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what... the delta of it. And... but this\Nwill actually just give everything that is
Dialogue: 0,0:31:48.26,0:31:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not... well, not normal, so as a\Nprobability term... than your... than your
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.26,0:32:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DNA. So it's actually more condensed\Ninformation of what makes you... your
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.96,0:32:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,genetic code your genetic code. So that's\Nnot really helping with the privacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:06.46,0:32:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,M3: So it's a still... you can still\Nidentify the single person,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.73,0:32:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AB: Yeah. Yeah.\NM3: Okay thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:12.73,0:32:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Yeah, that was, unfortunately, the\Nlast question, because we are running out
Dialogue: 0,0:32:15.82,0:32:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of time. The next talk is waiting. Please\Ngive again a warm applause to Adora Belle.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:20.77,0:32:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}\N{\i1}music{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:32:24.70,0:32:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subtitles created by c3subtitles.de\Nin the year 2017. Join, and help us!