[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.98,0:00:12.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As dawn breaks over Athens, \NPheidias is already late for work.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.08,0:00:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The year is 432 BCE,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.83,0:00:17.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he’s the architekton, \Nor chief builder,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.99,0:00:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the Parthenon— \NAthens’ newest and largest temple.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.92,0:00:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When completed, his masterpiece will be \Nan enormous shrine to the goddess Athena,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.05,0:00:31.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a testament to the glory \Nof the Athenians.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.01,0:00:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when he arrives onsite he finds \Nfive epistatai, or city officials,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.11,0:00:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,waiting to confront him.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.81,0:00:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They accuse Pheidias of embezzling gold
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.41,0:00:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,designated for the temple’s \Nsacred central statue.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.82,0:00:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has until sundown to provide \Nall the temple’s expenses
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.96,0:00:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and account for every flake of gold— \Nor face the judgement of the courts.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.81,0:00:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though he’s insulted by these \Nfalse charges, Pheidias isn’t surprised.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.84,0:01:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pericles, the politician \Nwho commissioned the Parthenon,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.33,0:01:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has many enemies in city government,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.63,0:01:08.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this project \Nis somewhat controversial.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.05,0:01:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The public is expecting a classic temple \Nin the Doric style:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.23,0:01:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simple columns supporting \Na horizontal entablature,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.87,0:01:18.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crowned with a triangular roof.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.21,0:01:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Pheidias’ plans are far more radical \Nby Athenian standards.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.34,0:01:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His designs combine Doric columns \Nwith a sweeping Ionic frieze,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.47,0:01:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hosting a vast panorama of the city’s \NGreat Panathenaic festival.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.02,0:01:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only will this sculpture show \Nhumans and gods side by side—
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.78,0:01:42.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something never before seen \Nin a temple’s décor—
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.31,0:01:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it will also cost much more \Nthan the traditional approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.36,0:01:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Praying to the Gods that his colleagues \Nhave been keeping track of their spending,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.92,0:01:53.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pheidias sets off to prove his innocence.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.71,0:01:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, he checks in with his architects \NIktinos and Callicrates.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.66,0:02:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than using a blueprint,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.41,0:02:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they pore over the syngraphai, \Nor general plan,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.17,0:02:07.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and paradeigma, a 3D model.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.24,0:02:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without an exact blueprint, the team \Noften has to resolve issues in real time,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.37,0:02:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guided only by careful calculation \Nand their instinct for symmetry.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.79,0:02:21.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maintaining this symmetry \Nhas proven especially difficult.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.71,0:02:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Parthenon is built on a curve \Nwith the columns leaning slightly inwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.79,0:02:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To project strength,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.03,0:02:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and potentially keep the columns \Nlooking straight from a distance,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.93,0:02:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the architects incorporated entasis, \Nor slight bulging, in each column.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.46,0:02:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the temple’s other elements,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.08,0:02:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the team calculates symmetry by employing\Nrelatively consistent proportions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.67,0:02:47.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across the design.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.09,0:02:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But their shifting plans require \Nconstant recalculations.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.74,0:02:54.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After helping solve one such computation,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.61,0:02:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pheidias collects his colleagues’ \Ngold records
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.41,0:03:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and heads off to receive \Na special delivery.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.58,0:03:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Immense marble blocks for the Parthenon’s \Npediment have just arrived
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.10,0:03:08.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from quarries at Mount Pentelikon.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.05,0:03:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The usual ramps would collapse
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.99,0:03:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under the weight \Nof these 2 to 3 ton stone blocks,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.09,0:03:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so Pheidias orders the construction \Nof new pulleys.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.14,0:03:20.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After recording the additional expense
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.25,0:03:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and supervising \Nthe construction all afternoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.10,0:03:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he finally arrives \Nat the sculpture workshop.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.05,0:03:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His sculptors are carving \N92 mythical scenes, or metopes,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.23,0:03:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to decorate the temple.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.53,0:03:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every carving depicts fighting \Nfrom different epic battles—
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.50,0:03:42.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each a mythical representation \Nof Greece’s victory over Persia
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.44,0:03:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 40 years earlier.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.46,0:03:49.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No temple has ever used \Nso many metopes before,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.28,0:03:53.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and each scene adds to the temple’s \Nballooning expenses.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.96,0:03:57.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, Pheidias turns \Nto his primary responsibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.93,0:04:01.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the focal point of the entire temple.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.31,0:04:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Covered in thick layers of gold,\Nminutely decorated,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.48,0:04:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and towering above her worshippers,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.15,0:04:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this will be a statue of the city’s \Npatron and protector: Athena Parthenos.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.96,0:04:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the temple is complete, \Nthrongs will gather on its perimeter—
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.07,0:04:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offering prayers, performing sacrifices,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.07,0:04:25.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pouring libations \Nfor the goddess of wisdom.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.85,0:04:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pheidias spends the rest of the day
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.71,0:04:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,designing finishing touches \Nfor the statue,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.25,0:04:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as the light fades, \Nthe epistatai arrive to confront him.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.66,0:04:39.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After looming over his records, \Nthey look up triumphantly.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.23,0:04:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pheidias may have accounted \Nfor the temple’s general spending,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.73,0:04:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his records show no mention \Nof the statue’s gold.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.22,0:04:52.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that moment, Pericles himself arrives \Nto save his chief builder.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.02,0:04:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The temple’s sponsor tells \Nthem that all the gold on the statue
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.57,0:05:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be removed and weighed individually \Nto prove Pheidias’ innocence.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.54,0:05:02.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Assigning laborers to the task—
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.65,0:05:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and charging the officials to watch \Nthem late into the night—
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.72,0:05:09.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pheidias and his patron \Nleave their adversaries
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.72,0:05:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the mercy of mighty Athena.