0:00:31.260,0:00:34.050 Shalom to all of you from[br]Israel. My name is Sarah 0:00:34.050,0:00:37.830 Gamesa. I'm the director of[br]the Christian friends of 0:00:37.830,0:00:41.730 yours a shame. We're about[br]to start the lecture, the 0:00:41.730,0:00:45.150 second lecture lecture in[br]the series, life hating hope 0:00:45.720,0:00:49.380 that we're doing in[br]cooperation with the ICJ. 0:00:50.040,0:00:54.120 Before we start. I want to[br]welcome Dr. Jaime author, 0:00:54.540,0:00:57.060 the new director of the[br]Christian friends of Yad 0:00:57.060,0:01:01.560 Vashem was so kindly joined[br]us this evening, this 0:01:01.560,0:01:04.110 evening in Israel today in[br]the United States and 0:01:04.110,0:01:08.340 Canada. I also want to take[br]this opportunity to thank 0:01:08.370,0:01:11.730 our partners on this very[br]special webinar series. That 0:01:11.730,0:01:15.690 just was in May called ICJ[br]using director This is Donna 0:01:15.690,0:01:19.800 Holbrook, ICJ, Canada,[br]National Executive Director, 0:01:20.010,0:01:24.480 and Reverend Merkel's ICJ,[br]Vice President of 0:01:24.480,0:01:28.500 International Affairs,[br]before I present our 0:01:28.500,0:01:33.480 lecture, for today, to[br]technicalities. This lecture 0:01:33.720,0:01:36.660 will be recorded, and we[br]will send you the recording 0:01:36.660,0:01:40.110 in a couple of weeks. If you[br]have questions during the 0:01:40.110,0:01:42.870 lecture, please write them[br]in the chat and my colleague 0:01:42.870,0:01:46.140 Chevette will gather the[br]questions and present them 0:01:46.470,0:01:52.140 to relevant heading after[br]the lecture. Today we're 0:01:52.140,0:01:55.170 honored to have with us as[br]our guest lecturer, Rick 0:01:55.170,0:01:59.010 Malcolm Hemingway, I think[br]most of you if not all of 0:01:59.010,0:02:02.550 you know, who will teach us[br]about the history of anti 0:02:02.550,0:02:06.720 semitism. Welcome heading is[br]an ordained minister of the 0:02:06.720,0:02:10.650 Assemblies of God of South[br]and Africa. Apart from being 0:02:10.650,0:02:13.470 a church planter in his[br]country of birth, his 0:02:13.500,0:02:16.980 activism on behalf of Israel[br]and inspired by the Bible, 0:02:17.250,0:02:23.700 began in 1975 when he joined[br]Christian action. In 1980, 0:02:23.700,0:02:26.070 he became involved with the[br]international Christian 0:02:26.070,0:02:30.930 embassy Jerusalem, and in[br]the year of 2001, it became 0:02:30.930,0:02:33.270 the executive director of[br]international pushing 0:02:33.300,0:02:37.410 embassy Gerson a position[br]that he held up until the 0:02:37.410,0:02:42.360 end of 2011. He has traveled[br]all over the world defending 0:02:42.360,0:02:46.740 Israel, in forms of all[br]types, and with Shaya benu, 0:02:46.740,0:02:49.350 the former director of the[br]international relations of 0:02:49.350,0:02:53.490 Yad Vashem is the co founder[br]of the Christian desk, at 0:02:53.490,0:02:58.080 yard ocean river heading,[br]his present present lives in 0:02:58.080,0:03:00.840 Israel. And we're very happy[br]to have him here with us. 0:03:03.120,0:03:07.110 Reverend telling, as I'm a[br]Jewish Israeli, they grew up 0:03:07.110,0:03:09.480 with the knowledge that a[br]lot of the centuries there 0:03:09.480,0:03:13.020 has always been anti[br]semitism in the fall. When 0:03:13.020,0:03:16.590 we learn history in school,[br]we spoke and we learned 0:03:16.590,0:03:19.500 about the different anti[br]semitic events that took 0:03:19.500,0:03:23.070 place, different places in[br]the world, throughout the 0:03:23.070,0:03:26.640 years. But we never spoke[br]about the why as 0:03:26.640,0:03:31.260 Christianity is origins are[br]in Judaism, I would like to 0:03:31.260,0:03:35.310 ask you, how did Christian[br]anti semitism come to be? 0:03:36.660,0:03:40.050 Well, thank you so much.[br]Sorry, it's a great joy, and 0:03:40.050,0:03:42.690 Welcome, everybody. It's a[br]great pleasure and a great 0:03:42.690,0:03:45.870 blessing to see you all many[br]old friends. And that's a 0:03:45.870,0:03:49.380 very intriguing question.[br]And of course, it's the 0:03:49.380,0:03:53.550 subject of our debate today[br]the history of Christian 0:03:53.610,0:03:59.190 anti semitism. And in order[br]to answer that question, I 0:03:59.190,0:04:02.910 would like to share my[br]screen with you. And then we 0:04:02.910,0:04:09.960 will dive into our subject[br]for today. And there we have 0:04:09.960,0:04:15.990 it, the history of Christian[br]anti semitism. We get to go 0:04:15.990,0:04:18.960 through the various[br]centuries together and build 0:04:18.960,0:04:22.830 a picture that is absolutely[br]true. It is substantiated 0:04:22.830,0:04:26.130 historically, and everything[br]in the lecture has been 0:04:26.130,0:04:30.150 double checked. So this is[br]the history of Christian 0:04:30.150,0:04:35.820 anti semitism. And the[br]reason why Israeli children 0:04:36.060,0:04:42.660 are educated and brought, as[br]it were up to date on this 0:04:42.690,0:04:46.500 issue, and it's a very, very[br]important one, and every 0:04:46.500,0:04:50.100 Christian should know it.[br]We're going to begin by what 0:04:50.100,0:04:54.030 we call the seeds of[br]discontent or the first 0:04:54.060,0:04:58.080 century and here we have to[br]address what I call a 0:04:58.080,0:05:04.680 complex situation. In the[br]Roman Empire dictated what 0:05:04.680,0:05:09.150 religions were legal, and[br]which were not, the Jews of 0:05:09.150,0:05:13.350 the Empire had reached an[br]agreement with Rome, whereby 0:05:13.350,0:05:18.240 Judaism was designated[br]legal. They needed to 0:05:18.240,0:05:22.140 preserve the status in the[br]interests of the well being 0:05:22.140,0:05:25.980 of the people in Israel and[br]of course, throughout the 0:05:26.010,0:05:30.540 Empire. They were therefore[br]considered by the Romans as 0:05:30.540,0:05:37.710 religio, Lissa TA, meaning[br]they will legal, and then be 0:05:37.710,0:05:42.150 while they had differences[br]with Jesus theologically. 0:05:42.660,0:05:43.680 That's true. 0:05:45.360,0:05:49.230 And we see this mirrored in[br]the Gospel narratives time 0:05:49.230,0:05:54.930 and time again, the issue of[br]status, their legal status 0:05:54.930,0:06:00.150 was paramount in their minds[br]and played a major part in 0:06:00.150,0:06:05.640 their rejection of Jesus[br]messianic credentials. This 0:06:05.640,0:06:10.860 led to the resistance of the[br]message carried by the early 0:06:10.860,0:06:15.120 church. Paul enters the[br]record of the growth of the 0:06:15.120,0:06:20.340 church as a zealous[br]antagonist of its message. 0:06:20.370,0:06:23.700 And of course, as you know,[br]the book of Acts documents, 0:06:24.000,0:06:28.380 the history of Jewish[br]resistance against the 0:06:28.380,0:06:33.270 growing early church. But I[br]would like to read to you 0:06:33.270,0:06:41.250 from john chapter 11. And[br]verses 47 to 50. And it 0:06:41.250,0:06:43.890 reads like this, then the[br]chief priests and the 0:06:43.890,0:06:48.600 Pharisees gathered a council[br]and said, What shall we do 0:06:48.600,0:06:52.950 for this man works many[br]signs. If we let him alone 0:06:52.950,0:06:56.760 like this, everyone will[br]believe in him and the 0:06:56.760,0:07:01.380 Romans. There you have this[br]issue will come and take 0:07:01.380,0:07:05.460 away both our place and our[br]nation. In other words, they 0:07:05.460,0:07:11.580 would lose the status of[br]being religio Lissa TA and 0:07:11.580,0:07:14.730 one of them Caiaphas. Being[br]High Priest that year said 0:07:14.730,0:07:18.660 to them, You know nothing at[br]all, nor do you consider 0:07:18.690,0:07:22.290 that it is expedient for us[br]that one man should die for 0:07:22.290,0:07:25.920 the people and not the whole[br]nation should perish. So 0:07:25.920,0:07:31.290 this issue of Judaism's[br]relationship with the 0:07:31.290,0:07:36.360 governing Roman authorities[br]was clearly paramount in 0:07:36.360,0:07:42.060 their minds and in their[br]thinking. So, while this 0:07:42.060,0:07:45.690 resistance was well[br]organized, it was never on 0:07:45.690,0:07:52.110 the scale of mass murder, or[br]genocide. In fact, it can be 0:07:52.110,0:07:56.400 said that the early churches[br]biggest emerging enemy was 0:07:56.400,0:08:00.930 the Roman Empire, as the[br]Christians were perceived as 0:08:00.930,0:08:06.510 serving a king, an emperor[br]other than Caesar, and 0:08:06.510,0:08:12.120 therefore they were religio[br]e Lissa TA, that is, the new 0:08:12.120,0:08:18.120 religious movement of the[br]Christians was deemed to be 0:08:18.330,0:08:23.250 illegal. And we know the[br]various prosecutions, which 0:08:23.250,0:08:26.940 the early church went[br]through, at the hands of 0:08:26.940,0:08:33.780 various Caesars, beginning[br]with Nero. Then we come to 0:08:33.810,0:08:40.260 point to the destruction of[br]Jerusalem in 70, ce II, and 0:08:40.260,0:08:46.500 135. These events the fact[br]that Jerusalem was laid 0:08:46.500,0:08:52.290 waste, and the Jewish people[br]were exiled in 70, and 135. 0:08:53.490,0:08:57.000 These events reinforced[br]Christian resentment against 0:08:57.000,0:09:01.290 the Jews in that it appeared[br]to validate God's rejection 0:09:01.320,0:09:06.750 of them. In their minds, the[br]Jews got what they deserved. 0:09:07.410,0:09:11.880 The idea then that they were[br]Christ killers found freedom 0:09:11.880,0:09:16.200 to be expressed, even though[br]it was not true from the 0:09:16.200,0:09:22.140 biblical account. Secondly,[br]be in terms of the 0:09:22.140,0:09:25.590 destruction of Jerusalem in[br]the two dates that are 0:09:25.590,0:09:29.850 given. These events produced[br]a concept of having to do 0:09:29.850,0:09:34.710 with a new understanding of[br]Kingdom. What is the kingdom 0:09:34.710,0:09:39.390 of God? That is the Jewish[br]theological position of a 0:09:39.390,0:09:44.010 coming literal messianic[br]kingdom was challenged and 0:09:44.010,0:09:49.290 reinterpreted in violation[br]of the biblical text. And so 0:09:49.290,0:09:53.250 the allegorical method of[br]expounding the Bible was 0:09:53.250,0:09:58.710 introduced by church leaders[br]like Oregon, so any passage 0:09:58.830,0:10:02.220 of the Hebrew Scriptures[br]Remember, the New Testament 0:10:02.220,0:10:05.730 canon had not yet been[br]validated or even written. 0:10:06.300,0:10:11.490 But any reference then to a[br]physical manifestation of 0:10:11.490,0:10:16.170 the kingdom of God from[br]Jerusalem was resisted by 0:10:16.170,0:10:20.160 the church. And they said,[br]in fact that the scriptures 0:10:20.160,0:10:24.480 didn't mean that, that you[br]had to spiritualize that and 0:10:24.480,0:10:28.230 give it a different[br]interpretation. We won't go 0:10:28.230,0:10:30.060 into what that means today. 0:10:31.590,0:10:35.280 30 then see Israel being[br]totally vanquished as a 0:10:35.280,0:10:40.530 nation and sent into exile[br]was considered a relic of 0:10:40.530,0:10:44.910 the past. And the idea that[br]the church had replaced her 0:10:44.910,0:10:50.460 was now the new Israel of[br]God was beginning to emerge. 0:10:50.460,0:10:55.170 So this picture of utter[br]destruction, beginning in 70 0:10:55.170,0:11:00.360 ad, culminating at the end[br]of the bar kokhba revolt in 0:11:00.360,0:11:06.720 135, that gave the[br]impression to many in the 0:11:06.720,0:11:09.720 church, that the Jewish[br]people had truly been 0:11:09.720,0:11:12.780 cursed, that they've been[br]done away with that God had 0:11:12.780,0:11:16.950 visited judgment upon them.[br]And that, in fact, the 0:11:16.950,0:11:24.000 church alone was now the new[br]Israel of God. Then we have 0:11:24.030,0:11:28.560 second generation, church[br]leaders. So the first 0:11:28.560,0:11:32.370 generation of church leaders[br]passed off the scene. And we 0:11:32.370,0:11:36.120 have their successes. And[br]they began to sow the seeds 0:11:36.870,0:11:41.580 of hatred for the Jews in[br]their sermons and teachings. 0:11:42.420,0:11:47.010 This would set the stage for[br]the acceptance of what we 0:11:47.010,0:11:53.280 now call Historically, the[br]doctrine of contempt in 0:11:53.280,0:11:57.330 years to come by the[br]Catholic Church. And this 0:11:57.360,0:12:04.290 doctrine of contempt, would[br]assert that God kept the 0:12:04.290,0:12:09.480 Jews alive only as an[br]example of his enduring 0:12:09.600,0:12:15.330 judgment, and Roth, that is[br]essentially the doctrine of 0:12:15.330,0:12:21.150 contempt. And also, in the[br]second generation, we see 0:12:21.150,0:12:28.050 the beginnings of preachers,[br]vilifying synagogues, as 0:12:28.050,0:12:36.210 houses of devils, and[br]brothels. And thirdly, the 0:12:36.210,0:12:39.690 second generation church[br]leaders began to paint the 0:12:39.690,0:12:45.360 Jews as killers of God, they[br]accused them of deicide, and 0:12:45.360,0:12:49.170 therefore, beyond[br]redemption. And these are 0:12:49.170,0:12:52.260 all the seeds of what we[br]call the doctrine of 0:12:52.290,0:12:56.610 contempt that was[br]progressively developed from 0:12:56.610,0:13:01.890 this period onwards. And[br]that is important for us to 0:13:01.890,0:13:07.650 understand today. And then[br]fourthly, during this time 0:13:07.650,0:13:11.550 of the second generation of[br]church leaders, they began 0:13:11.550,0:13:16.980 to codify the idea that the[br]church alone was the Israel 0:13:17.010,0:13:21.630 of God. So those are the[br]things that happened in the 0:13:21.630,0:13:26.130 second generation. Also,[br]following on their heels and 0:13:26.130,0:13:30.780 a bit later, we have our[br]fourth point, that anti the 0:13:30.780,0:13:36.510 anti semitic church leaders[br]beatified by church by the 0:13:36.510,0:13:40.770 church as saints. And he[br]said my church leaders 0:13:40.770,0:13:45.960 beatified by the church as[br]saints. And this is a record 0:13:45.960,0:13:51.660 of just a few of them what[br]they said, and we need to 0:13:51.660,0:13:55.590 note who they were and the[br]statements they made. We 0:13:55.590,0:14:00.360 have Justin Martyr, in 140.[br]asserted that the law was 0:14:00.360,0:14:03.750 given to the Jews. That is[br]the law that is going right 0:14:03.750,0:14:07.470 back to Sinai to the Exodus.[br]The law was given to the 0:14:07.470,0:14:12.660 Jews as a punishment. He[br]frequently vilified them, in 0:14:12.660,0:14:17.670 his sermons to Italian, said[br]that synagogues were 0:14:17.670,0:14:23.400 fountains of persecution,[br]Oregon, wrote, The Jews have 0:14:23.400,0:14:27.330 committed the most[br]abominable crimes. St. 0:14:27.360,0:14:32.970 Gregory of nicer stated that[br]Jews are companions of the 0:14:32.970,0:14:39.930 devil, race of vipers and a[br]Sanhedrin of demons. St. 0:14:39.990,0:14:45.810 Ambrose wrote the synagogue[br]is a place dammed by God 0:14:45.810,0:14:51.630 Himself. St. Augustine[br]affirmed that the church 0:14:51.660,0:14:58.110 admits and knows that Jewish[br]people are to be cursed. Son 0:14:58.110,0:15:03.540 john Christ's atone called[br]the synagogue, a brothel and 0:15:03.540,0:15:09.120 theater sincero of[br]Alexandria, had Jews 0:15:09.120,0:15:14.880 expelled from his city. So[br]these are what some of the 0:15:14.880,0:15:18.750 well known Church Fathers[br]began to say, during the 0:15:18.750,0:15:21.660 second third century period.[br]And the question we have to 0:15:21.660,0:15:25.500 ask ourselves then, is why[br]did the second generation of 0:15:25.500,0:15:29.220 church fathers become so[br]antagonistic to the Jewish 0:15:29.220,0:15:31.620 people? Interesting[br]question. 0:15:33.000,0:15:37.110 And the answer to that[br]question is, of course, by 0:15:37.110,0:15:44.100 that time. And given the the[br]events that took place in 0:15:44.100,0:15:52.650 70, ad, and 135, there was[br]the culture ized thinking in 0:15:52.650,0:15:57.000 the church, that the Jews[br]had been thoroughly judged, 0:15:57.270,0:16:04.200 and chiefly because of the[br]rejection of Jesus. Then the 0:16:04.200,0:16:08.400 answer to that question also[br]lies in the fact that the 0:16:08.400,0:16:12.000 Christian scriptures, the[br]canon of the New Testament, 0:16:12.420,0:16:18.180 had not yet been validated,[br]or formalized, so that there 0:16:18.180,0:16:23.310 was no canon of Scripture by[br]which these leaders could 0:16:23.310,0:16:28.170 test their statements, or[br]their theories. And if they 0:16:28.170,0:16:32.430 had actually received the[br]canon of Scripture, I mean, 0:16:32.430,0:16:35.280 many of the letters were[br]circulating, but there was 0:16:35.280,0:16:41.730 no formal validation of the[br]canon of Scripture. So if 0:16:41.730,0:16:44.370 they had been, they would[br]not have said the things 0:16:44.730,0:16:49.500 that they had said, because[br]many passages, in fact, 0:16:49.530,0:16:53.430 major passages of the New[br]Testament canon, teach 0:16:53.460,0:16:59.040 otherwise. And just Romans[br]910 and 11, are remarkable 0:16:59.370,0:17:03.570 in the validation and the[br]affirming that Paul gives to 0:17:03.570,0:17:07.620 Israel, the continuance of[br]God's covenant with them, 0:17:07.740,0:17:11.040 and the statement that they[br]are beloved of God for the 0:17:11.040,0:17:14.250 sake of their fathers. And[br]has God rejected these 0:17:14.250,0:17:17.850 people, no, Perish the[br]thought, he says. And 0:17:18.000,0:17:21.150 because there was no[br]parameters by which to 0:17:21.150,0:17:25.350 regulate these people, they[br]began to express these very 0:17:25.350,0:17:30.660 sad, anti semitic views of[br]Jewish people. That brings 0:17:30.660,0:17:34.740 us to the fifth century[br]onwards, by this time, Rome 0:17:34.740,0:17:39.450 had emerged as the most[br]influential seat of the 0:17:39.450,0:17:43.560 church, and this largely[br]because of Rome's dominant 0:17:43.560,0:17:48.210 place in the Empire. In[br]addition, because of the 0:17:48.210,0:17:54.240 triumph of the church in[br]312, by the conversion, so 0:17:54.240,0:17:58.290 called, of the Emperor[br]Constantine, the Catholic 0:17:58.290,0:18:01.620 Church became established,[br]the canon of the New 0:18:01.620,0:18:05.910 Testament was confirmed, and[br]a legitimate body of 0:18:05.910,0:18:10.710 theology was set in place,[br]particularly and more 0:18:10.710,0:18:15.270 famously what we call the[br]Nicene Creed. And to this 0:18:15.270,0:18:22.020 day, the Nicene Creed is[br]repeated in many churches as 0:18:22.020,0:18:26.100 an act of worship. It sets[br]out by a statement by a 0:18:26.100,0:18:30.270 creed, the basic[br]foundational beliefs of the 0:18:30.270,0:18:34.140 Christian Church, the Nicene[br]Creed, has nothing to say, 0:18:34.200,0:18:38.070 in fact, about the Jewish[br]people. At this time, the 0:18:38.070,0:18:41.340 Catholic Church in no way[br]resembled what it has become 0:18:41.340,0:18:44.880 today, as its teachings and[br]thinking was still 0:18:44.880,0:18:49.140 primitive. But one thing[br]remained, and that was its 0:18:49.200,0:18:54.000 antipathy toward the Jews.[br]And this reinforced its 0:18:54.000,0:18:59.460 doctrine of contempt. So at[br]this period, this doctrine 0:18:59.460,0:19:03.300 of contempt was beginning to[br]get a foothold in the 0:19:03.300,0:19:07.500 Catholic Church. I just want[br]to say this is no intention 0:19:07.530,0:19:10.890 intended address to vilify[br]the Catholic Church in any 0:19:10.890,0:19:14.790 way. It's just historically[br]true. These are the 0:19:14.790,0:19:20.730 historical facts of[br]Christian anti semitism. And 0:19:20.730,0:19:25.470 then a cauterized hatred and[br]despising of the Jews had 0:19:25.470,0:19:28.110 taken root in many[br]communities throughout 0:19:28.110,0:19:32.850 Europe, from the fifth[br]century onwards. This is 0:19:32.850,0:19:36.330 very important to understand[br]because once an issue is 0:19:36.330,0:19:39.720 culture arised in a[br]community, this is very 0:19:39.720,0:19:42.180 important folk, if we're[br]going to challenge anti 0:19:42.180,0:19:45.090 semitism today. Once 0:19:46.740,0:19:50.820 an issue is culture arised[br]in a community, it becomes 0:19:50.820,0:19:55.680 very hard to remove and its[br]impact. It impacts 0:19:55.680,0:19:59.970 generations to come. You can[br]imagine my shock of this app 0:20:00.000,0:20:03.180 actually happened in[br]Murfreesboro. When recently 0:20:03.180,0:20:07.290 in a prayer meeting, a man[br]got up requesting prayer. 0:20:07.980,0:20:13.260 Because as he put it, he had[br]been Jude by a fellow 0:20:13.260,0:20:17.160 Christian businessman. So he[br]wasn't even referring to the 0:20:17.160,0:20:22.170 Jews. And he wasn't in any[br]way making a statement about 0:20:22.170,0:20:25.890 his interaction with the[br]Jewish community. Indeed, he 0:20:25.890,0:20:30.150 was talking about how a[br]fellow Christian had cheated 0:20:30.150,0:20:34.530 him. But you can see from[br]that statement, that he 0:20:34.530,0:20:39.450 conveyed the thought that[br]actually, if someone does 0:20:39.450,0:20:41.820 you in, you've been Jude,[br]the Jewish people are 0:20:41.820,0:20:47.280 cheats, and crooks, and they[br]will do you in. And this is 0:20:47.280,0:20:49.590 what he said in a prayer[br]meeting. And when I 0:20:49.830,0:20:52.620 challenged him afterwards,[br]in fact, he repented of it. 0:20:53.400,0:20:56.310 But when I challenged him, I[br]found out from him and 0:20:56.310,0:20:59.940 others, that this was a[br]fairly regular type of 0:20:59.940,0:21:04.620 proverb. In the community,[br]it had been culture arised. 0:21:06.810,0:21:10.380 And so while this fellow[br]actually had a real love for 0:21:10.380,0:21:13.410 Israel, he just wasn't[br]thinking he conveyed 0:21:13.410,0:21:14.370 something. 0:21:15.690,0:21:19.890 That was awful. But he[br]didn't think about it, 0:21:19.890,0:21:21.090 because he grew up with it. 0:21:22.530,0:21:29.910 And so we had to repent of[br]it. And then, of course, be 0:21:31.080,0:21:35.670 in the fifth century[br]onwards, there was a Cody 0:21:35.670,0:21:39.480 FIDE warning to desist from[br]having any relationships 0:21:39.480,0:21:46.170 with Jews, was put in place.[br]See, Jews began to be blamed 0:21:46.170,0:21:50.460 for natural disasters,[br]plagues, and other 0:21:50.460,0:21:55.410 misfortunes in countries.[br]Centuries later, the Nazis 0:21:55.410,0:22:01.290 would state the Jews are our[br]misfortune. So previously, 0:22:01.500,0:22:05.070 they were blamed for[br]misfortunes, whether this 0:22:05.070,0:22:11.280 that disasters plays. But by[br]the time you get to the 0:22:11.280,0:22:18.780 Nazis, the Jews themselves[br]are our misfortune. It just 0:22:18.780,0:22:26.460 demonstrates how these anti[br]semitic things get rooted in 0:22:26.460,0:22:32.250 lives. And as I said, they[br]become culture arised. So 0:22:32.250,0:22:34.950 Christians began to accuse[br]Jews of killing their 0:22:34.950,0:22:39.060 children in Passover[br]rituals, or poisoning the 0:22:39.150,0:22:43.860 water wells, etc. In the[br]fifth century onwards, this 0:22:43.860,0:22:47.700 type of libel, and by the[br]way, it continues to this 0:22:47.700,0:22:51.840 day, even concerning covid[br]19, can you believe it, the 0:22:51.840,0:22:58.410 Jews are somehow behind it.[br]And it's terrible. These are 0:22:58.410,0:23:03.570 cultural things that have[br]taken root in communities 0:23:03.570,0:23:07.500 and Christian communities.[br]through the centuries, Jews 0:23:07.500,0:23:10.740 were limited to certain[br]professions and herded into 0:23:10.740,0:23:15.930 designated living areas. And[br]so the phenomenon of the 0:23:15.930,0:23:19.650 Jewish ghetto began to[br]emerge. So that's what you 0:23:19.650,0:23:25.830 have, from the fifth century[br]onwards, and it's not good. 0:23:26.610,0:23:31.050 And then we come to the[br]Middle Ages, Jewish 0:23:31.050,0:23:34.260 communities actually began[br]to flourish in the Middle 0:23:34.260,0:23:38.160 Ages, in countries like[br]Germany, France, and 0:23:38.160,0:23:42.630 England, and Jews, by virtue[br]of their love of books, 0:23:42.780,0:23:47.070 learning, and diligence,[br]began to occupy places of 0:23:47.070,0:23:51.450 influence and importance,[br]and indeed, many became 0:23:51.450,0:23:56.430 wealthy. This angered the[br]locals who were infused with 0:23:56.430,0:24:00.660 jealousy, which in turn,[br]ignited the age old 0:24:00.690,0:24:05.160 accusations of being Christ[br]killers and abominable to 0:24:05.160,0:24:10.830 God. All of this inevitably[br]led to expulsions and 0:24:10.830,0:24:14.730 restrictions. And so they[br]were expelled from England, 0:24:15.060,0:24:20.310 in 1290, from France in[br]1306. And from Spain in 0:24:20.310,0:24:25.620 1492. In many places like[br]Spain, they could avoid 0:24:25.620,0:24:30.480 expulsion, only by means of[br]forced conversions to the 0:24:30.480,0:24:34.200 Christian faith. In some[br]situations like that of the 0:24:34.200,0:24:38.760 Spanish Inquisition. The[br]failure to convert was made 0:24:38.760,0:24:45.450 with torture and execution.[br]And then we come to the 0:24:45.450,0:24:52.650 Crusades. That is, we[br]talking from 1096 to 1188 of 0:24:52.650,0:24:57.510 the Common Era, the rise of[br]Islam in the eighth century, 0:24:58.110,0:25:01.230 and it sweeps through the[br]Middle East. North Africa 0:25:01.260,0:25:04.920 and Eastern Europe, along[br]the Christian world because 0:25:04.920,0:25:09.690 the Muslims had occupied the[br]Holy Land and began to lay 0:25:09.690,0:25:13.860 waste the holy Christian[br]sites, including those of 0:25:13.950,0:25:18.120 Jerusalem. They were[br]perceived as the enemies of 0:25:18.120,0:25:21.900 God, and therefore had to be[br]removed from these 0:25:21.900,0:25:26.760 consequently, Pope Urban the[br]second, called for an armed 0:25:26.760,0:25:31.050 resistance to the Muslims,[br]and raised an army of 30,000 0:25:31.050,0:25:35.010 men to undertake it. This[br]was called the First 0:25:35.310,0:25:36.330 Crusade. 0:25:37.980,0:25:41.100 Sadly, by this time, the[br]Jews had been so vilified in 0:25:41.100,0:25:46.590 Europe and beyond that they[br]were all perceived as the 0:25:46.590,0:25:51.660 enemies of God as well. And[br]thus, on the way to the Holy 0:25:51.660,0:25:55.710 Land, the Crusader army[br]planted and massacred the 0:25:55.710,0:26:00.660 Jews of peyer worms and[br]ments in Germany and many 0:26:00.690,0:26:04.980 other places with[br]enthusiastic help of the 0:26:04.980,0:26:09.750 local peasantry, the[br]testimony, the testimonies, 0:26:09.750,0:26:14.880 my friends in this regard,[br]are simply awful. And if you 0:26:14.880,0:26:20.430 read them, it's absolutely[br]dreadful. What they did to 0:26:20.430,0:26:24.450 the Jewish communities in[br]Europe as they moved toward 0:26:24.450,0:26:28.170 the Holy Land. When the[br]Crusaders finally conquered 0:26:28.170,0:26:31.140 Jerusalem, they herded the[br]Jews into the great 0:26:31.140,0:26:34.260 synagogue and burned it[br]down. All the while they 0:26:34.260,0:26:39.780 stood outside shouting,[br]Christ, we adore the the 0:26:39.780,0:26:43.200 First Crusade was followed[br]by two more that took place 0:26:43.290,0:26:49.320 in 1147, and 1188. Sadly,[br]the Jews in mind, they 0:26:49.320,0:26:52.740 target and the idea of these[br]crusades has remained in 0:26:52.740,0:26:55.500 Christian thinking and[br]practice up until our time, 0:26:55.980,0:26:58.860 in that many great outdoor[br]evangelistic meetings are 0:26:58.860,0:27:02.190 advertised advertised as[br]crusades. Now, there's 0:27:02.190,0:27:06.180 nothing wrong with these, by[br]the way. But it's just a 0:27:06.180,0:27:09.510 leftover. It's like this[br]culture, right thing, again, 0:27:09.780,0:27:14.160 that reaches into history[br]reaches into the future. So 0:27:14.190,0:27:18.120 that's something that was so[br]terrible in his destruction 0:27:18.420,0:27:22.260 of the Jewish people in[br]Europe, in terms of the 0:27:22.260,0:27:25.740 Crusader armies that move[br]through to the Holy Land has 0:27:25.740,0:27:30.750 been sort of taken up as a[br]Christian way of thinking 0:27:30.750,0:27:34.620 when it comes to having[br]great meetings, like Billy 0:27:34.620,0:27:37.470 Graham and many others, and[br]there's nothing wrong with 0:27:37.470,0:27:40.560 that. There's nothing anti[br]semitic in them. They just 0:27:40.560,0:27:43.020 wonderful big Christian[br]meetings around the world, 0:27:43.020,0:27:46.230 but it's just a point that[br]I'm making about how 0:27:46.230,0:27:50.010 something gets culture[br]arised. And we use it easily 0:27:50.010,0:27:56.220 not thinking of its original[br]implications. Also, it was 0:27:56.220,0:27:59.550 in 1215, that the Catholic[br]Church came up with the idea 0:28:00.060,0:28:02.820 that the Jews should be[br]recognized by a special 0:28:02.820,0:28:08.670 dress code. Nearly 750 years[br]later, Hitler considered 0:28:08.670,0:28:13.770 this an appropriate manner[br]by which to identify the 0:28:13.770,0:28:20.520 Jews. And that brings us to[br]our eighth point in our 0:28:21.000,0:28:27.270 presentation today, and that[br]is the Reformation. Martin 0:28:27.270,0:28:30.930 Luther his attempt to reform[br]the Catholic Church, though 0:28:30.930,0:28:35.760 failed, that, in fact, spark[br]and amazing revival of 0:28:35.760,0:28:39.840 biblical truth that led to[br]the establishment of the 0:28:39.840,0:28:42.690 protesting churches,[br]otherwise known as 0:28:42.690,0:28:49.380 Protestants. So his attempt[br]at inwardly reforming the 0:28:49.380,0:28:52.590 Catholic Church actually[br]failed. The Catholic Church 0:28:52.620,0:28:58.260 closed against his suggested[br]theses that he hammered on 0:28:58.260,0:29:04.350 the door and, and forced[br]many of the Christians who 0:29:04.380,0:29:09.210 were longing for major[br]change. And, as we call it, 0:29:09.240,0:29:13.590 reformation, to leave the[br]church and set up these 0:29:13.710,0:29:18.450 protesting churches, which[br]today, we call Protestants. 0:29:18.720,0:29:22.860 This was an evangelical[br]revival, with an emphasis on 0:29:22.920,0:29:28.140 sola scriptura. In other[br]words, the Word of God only. 0:29:29.310,0:29:34.230 And that is that the church[br]should only be built on what 0:29:34.230,0:29:38.610 the Bible of both testaments[br]has to teach us and nothing 0:29:38.610,0:29:43.680 else. The Bible only the[br]benefit to the Jewish world 0:29:43.710,0:29:47.820 in this regard should not be[br]under estimated. That's 0:29:47.820,0:29:51.720 important. The benefit to[br]the Jewish world in this 0:29:51.720,0:29:54.930 regard should not be[br]underestimated, even though 0:29:54.930,0:29:58.620 Luther in his latter years[br]became an anti Semite, 0:29:59.070,0:30:02.610 because it leaves People[br]back to the Bible, which 0:30:02.610,0:30:07.170 placed the Jews in a very[br]different light to that 0:30:07.170,0:30:11.280 which the Catholic Church[br]had presented them. And a 0:30:11.280,0:30:17.010 number of things, aided[br]this, first of all, the 0:30:17.010,0:30:22.290 invention in 1492, of the[br]printing press. So here for 0:30:22.290,0:30:23.280 the first time, 0:30:25.080,0:30:29.460 the Bible could be placed in[br]the hands of the common 0:30:29.460,0:30:34.290 people. So, the translation[br]of the Bible into the 0:30:34.290,0:30:38.340 language of the common[br]people, by people like 0:30:38.370,0:30:43.470 Wickliffe, Tyndale, and has,[br]all of which were tortured 0:30:43.470,0:30:50.100 and killed by the Catholics.[br]But this suddenly opened up 0:30:50.100,0:30:55.320 the Word of God, to so many[br]people that had never read 0:30:55.320,0:31:03.720 it or even set eyes upon it[br]before the founding of the 0:31:03.720,0:31:07.830 printing press. And this[br]also led to the birthing of 0:31:07.860,0:31:12.360 independent evangelical[br]churches that began to 0:31:12.360,0:31:17.250 embrace the Jews with love[br]and appreciation. And this 0:31:17.250,0:31:19.800 is absolutely important for[br]us to understand in the 0:31:19.800,0:31:23.610 light of Christian anti[br]semitism, that once the Word 0:31:23.610,0:31:29.880 of God got into the hands of[br]the common man, attitudes 0:31:29.880,0:31:35.700 began to change rapidly.[br]Having said this, however, 0:31:35.970,0:31:39.270 Luther who was deeply[br]indebted to Jewish rabbis, 0:31:39.270,0:31:43.590 for his expositions of the[br]Hebrew Scriptures eventually 0:31:43.590,0:31:48.060 turned against them. And in[br]his book against the Jews 0:31:48.090,0:31:51.960 and the lies, he advocated[br]for their destruction, 0:31:51.990,0:31:57.270 abuse, expulsion, and[br]vilification. Indeed, Luther 0:31:57.270,0:32:02.940 called the papacy nervous[br]referring to the papacy to 0:32:02.940,0:32:06.150 the Pope, but the whole[br]structure he called it the 0:32:06.150,0:32:12.900 devil's synagogue, which[br]carried awful associations. 0:32:14.280,0:32:18.000 Concerning the Jews, of[br]course, another culture 0:32:18.000,0:32:20.640 arised issue, you see how[br]important this cultural 0:32:20.670,0:32:24.150 issue is, that you can refer[br]to something else as an 0:32:24.150,0:32:31.500 abomination. But in doing[br]so, you use anti semitic 0:32:31.500,0:32:37.050 terminology that continues[br]to place the Jewish people 0:32:38.250,0:32:43.350 in a bad light. Naturally,[br]these writings eventually 0:32:43.350,0:32:46.680 found their way into the[br]Lutheran Church of Germany 0:32:46.680,0:32:50.670 and thus, again, infected[br]the people with a disdain 0:32:50.940,0:32:55.470 and hatred of the Jews, the[br]culture is zation of Jew 0:32:55.470,0:32:59.700 hatred continued, and would[br]have an awful would have 0:32:59.730,0:33:04.530 awful consequences for the[br]Jews. In the 20th century, 0:33:04.530,0:33:07.140 it's important for us to[br]know that this issue, my 0:33:07.140,0:33:12.690 friends, of anti semitic[br]culturalization, has to be 0:33:12.690,0:33:18.480 taken on the nation of[br]Germany would easily accept 0:33:18.480,0:33:22.560 Hitler's rantings against[br]the Jews, and turned a blind 0:33:22.560,0:33:28.560 eye to their abuse and[br]murder. on an industrial 0:33:28.560,0:33:34.860 scale, that's how serious[br]this issue became. So we 0:33:34.860,0:33:39.870 have another question. Where[br]did Martin Luther go wrong? 0:33:42.810,0:33:46.860 Well, first of all, let's[br]say this, that he did bring 0:33:46.890,0:33:50.940 a remarkable transformation[br]to the churches doctrinal 0:33:50.940,0:33:57.810 positions. And he, in terms[br]of the church, restored the 0:33:57.810,0:34:03.060 foundational teaching, which[br]is justification by faith. 0:34:03.420,0:34:06.990 But you have to understand[br]that contextually, he came 0:34:06.990,0:34:11.580 out of the Catholic Church,[br]contextually, he knew of the 0:34:11.580,0:34:15.600 doctrine of contempt,[br]contextually, he had this 0:34:15.600,0:34:19.230 whole thing of anti[br]Jewishness and the 0:34:19.230,0:34:24.510 culturalization of that, and[br]in repealing many false 0:34:24.510,0:34:31.650 doctrinal positions, he[br]never went far enough. And, 0:34:32.550,0:34:35.850 in fact, it's true that he[br]did not embrace the doctrine 0:34:35.880,0:34:41.640 of contempt eventually, but[br]he did see the Jewish people 0:34:41.670,0:34:47.100 as a rejected nation because[br]he bought into what we call 0:34:47.100,0:34:53.670 reformed or replacement[br]theology. The church for him 0:34:53.700,0:35:00.480 was the Israel of God,[br]period. So this is is where 0:35:00.510,0:35:04.980 Luther went wrong. But of[br]course, he did ignite 0:35:04.980,0:35:10.530 something that was quite[br]incredible. And that was 0:35:10.650,0:35:16.200 sola scriptura. And that[br]brings us to our ninth 0:35:16.200,0:35:19.860 point, pogroms[br]restorationists and pyatters 0:35:19.860,0:35:22.110 of the 16th century and[br]beyond. 0:35:24.150,0:35:27.570 While Jews were still held[br]in contempt by the Catholic 0:35:27.570,0:35:31.170 Church, and some Protestant[br]churches, the seeds of a new 0:35:31.170,0:35:36.120 day were being sold by a,[br]the pious artistic movements 0:35:36.120,0:35:40.950 of Germany, Scandinavia, and[br]England. So have you ever 0:35:40.950,0:35:44.310 heard of the moravians, the[br]Moravian Church, the 0:35:44.310,0:35:48.870 Moravian missionary church,[br]it had more people in the 0:35:48.870,0:35:51.960 four corners of the earth[br]than they did, actually, 0:35:52.080,0:35:55.230 eventually, in Germany, they[br]fled from the Czech 0:35:55.230,0:35:58.500 Republic, or it's called[br]that today. And they ended 0:35:58.500,0:36:04.320 up in Germany, and they call[br]on the people, to love the 0:36:04.320,0:36:08.280 Jewish people and to pray[br]for them. These are 0:36:08.280,0:36:14.970 remarkable movements. And[br]then you have industry God, 0:36:15.000,0:36:19.230 the Puritans of England,[br]they were responsible for 0:36:19.230,0:36:22.800 the famous King James[br]Version of the Bible, the 0:36:22.800,0:36:26.790 most beautiful translation[br]of the Bible, ever done, and 0:36:26.790,0:36:29.640 ever will be done, nothing[br]will ever compare with it. 0:36:30.180,0:36:32.910 That is the King James[br]Version of the Bible, they 0:36:32.910,0:36:37.740 actually spoke Hebrew. And[br]once in power, they reversed 0:36:37.740,0:36:43.260 the expulsion of the Jews[br]from the country in 1290. 0:36:43.890,0:36:46.830 They were destined to become[br]the founding fathers of 0:36:46.830,0:36:52.020 America. And people don't[br]know it, but it's absolutely 0:36:52.020,0:36:57.720 true. When they founded the[br]original States of America, 0:36:57.720,0:37:02.010 the pilgrim fathers, they[br]actually wanted the official 0:37:02.010,0:37:06.120 language of this new[br]founding entity to be 0:37:06.120,0:37:11.010 Hebrew. They so much love[br]the Jewish people, and the 0:37:11.010,0:37:15.510 Hebrew language, but they[br]gave birth to a nation that 0:37:15.510,0:37:19.080 has given remarkable[br]freedom, refuge and equal 0:37:19.080,0:37:23.850 standing to the Jewish[br]people. So this is a 0:37:23.850,0:37:28.380 remarkable story that comes[br]directly out of the 0:37:28.380,0:37:33.570 reformation, that birth,[br]this idea of the Bible only. 0:37:34.290,0:37:39.810 And these groups went[br]further, then Luther, and 0:37:39.960,0:37:43.530 rejected anti semitism, you[br]have the wisdom and revival 0:37:43.530,0:37:46.800 that eventually would spread[br]to all the world, which was 0:37:46.800,0:37:53.100 sympathetic to the Jewish[br]people. And its leaders even 0:37:53.100,0:37:56.010 advocated for the[br]restoration to the land of 0:37:56.040,0:38:00.390 Israel. Charles wisely the[br]great hymn writer, wrote 0:38:00.390,0:38:05.160 hymns, in fact, about the[br]return of the Jewish people 0:38:06.000,0:38:08.700 to the land of Israel,[br]because they saw it as a 0:38:08.700,0:38:12.420 biblical truth. They[br]understood the scriptures in 0:38:12.420,0:38:15.480 their context. They didn't[br]spiritualize them if they 0:38:15.480,0:38:18.960 were literally in context,[br]they took it like that. And 0:38:18.960,0:38:22.230 if they were spiritual, they[br]took it like that, but they 0:38:22.260,0:38:30.690 were quite amazing. Then you[br]have many of the historical 0:38:30.690,0:38:34.440 churches, however, remained[br]entrenched in the antipathy 0:38:34.440,0:38:38.250 to the Jewish people, and[br]asserted what had now become 0:38:38.760,0:38:42.810 replacement theology. This[br]sadly continues until this 0:38:42.810,0:38:47.880 day, and is at the very[br]heart of organizations like 0:38:47.880,0:38:50.310 the World Council of[br]Churches. In their 0:38:50.310,0:38:53.040 continuing effort to[br]disinvest the Jews from 0:38:53.040,0:38:59.100 Jerusalem and the biblical[br]homeland. They made the most 0:38:59.460,0:39:04.650 vile anti semitic statements[br]recently. And that brings us 0:39:04.650,0:39:11.850 to the 19th century. While[br]the restoration of England 0:39:11.850,0:39:15.510 were calling for a Jewish[br]state in the Holy Land, in 0:39:15.510,0:39:19.770 France, a famed French[br]military officer who had 0:39:19.770,0:39:23.790 fought valiantly for his[br]country, was falsely accused 0:39:23.790,0:39:31.080 in 1894 of passing military[br]secrets to Germany, even 0:39:31.080,0:39:36.450 though everyone knew that he[br]was innocent, but he was a 0:39:36.450,0:39:40.830 Jew. And so he became a[br]scapegoat. And his name was 0:39:41.010,0:39:46.740 Captain Alfred Dreyfus. His[br]straw was covered by a 0:39:46.740,0:39:54.420 Jewish journalist from piano[br]called Theodore hurtle. And 0:39:54.420,0:39:59.010 he was so outraged that he[br]recognized that the hatred 0:39:59.010,0:40:02.730 of the Jews in Europe was so[br]entrenched that his 0:40:02.730,0:40:04.350 culturalization 0:40:06.029,0:40:09.839 that the Jews needed to[br]establish a stake in Israel 0:40:10.139,0:40:13.709 as the only means by which[br]they would find refuge 0:40:13.709,0:40:18.839 strength and continuity.[br]Dreyfus was wrongly 0:40:18.839,0:40:23.069 convicted of treason, and[br]given a life sentence to be 0:40:23.069,0:40:27.149 carried out on Devil's[br]Island in French Guiana. 0:40:28.199,0:40:33.539 hertzel then wrote the you[br]didn't start, that is the 0:40:33.539,0:40:38.159 Jewish state, and became the[br]father of the modern day 0:40:38.189,0:40:45.479 nation of Israel. That a[br]trial and conviction of an 0:40:45.479,0:40:48.389 innocent man could take[br]place only because he was 0:40:48.389,0:40:54.179 Jewish, demonstrated how[br]deeply anti semitic anti 0:40:54.179,0:40:58.889 semitism had penetrated[br]Christian France. And being 0:40:58.889,0:41:03.029 a Catholic nation, the[br]doctrine of contempt 0:41:03.149,0:41:09.149 perpetuated this important[br]to know that the doctrine of 0:41:09.149,0:41:14.369 content perpetuated this[br]idea that the Jews only 0:41:14.369,0:41:19.109 existed to be a people as an[br]example of the judgment and 0:41:19.109,0:41:23.789 the curse of God. A[br]disturbing part of the 19th 0:41:23.789,0:41:29.609 century 1881 1906 was the[br]pogroms against the Jews 0:41:29.609,0:41:33.539 that erupted in Russia.[br]These were savage and 0:41:33.539,0:41:37.229 terrible, and carried out by[br]the Russian Orthodox Church 0:41:37.229,0:41:42.239 was willing help, again from[br]the peasantry, on Christian 0:41:42.239,0:41:45.599 feast days after going to[br]church, particularly on 0:41:45.629,0:41:48.479 Easter that people would[br]rampage through Jewish 0:41:48.479,0:41:52.769 communities plundering and[br]murdering at will. It was 0:41:52.769,0:41:57.569 shortly after this in 1919,[br]that an anti semitic 0:41:57.569,0:42:01.439 document called the[br]Protocols of the Elders of 0:42:01.439,0:42:06.929 Zion, appeared on the scene.[br]It was a Russian forgery 0:42:07.889,0:42:12.419 that asserted that the Jews[br]were behind a plan to seize 0:42:12.419,0:42:17.879 world domination. And sadly,[br]it is thought circulated 0:42:17.879,0:42:23.549 today, ns field anti[br]semitism in many parts of 0:42:23.549,0:42:30.389 the world, and that brings[br]us to the 20th century. With 0:42:30.389,0:42:34.799 the arrival of the 20th[br]century, Europe was 0:42:34.799,0:42:39.629 certainly played by systemic[br]anti semitism. It was always 0:42:39.629,0:42:43.169 bubbling under the surface[br]of systems of society that 0:42:43.169,0:42:47.219 appear to be modern,[br]sophisticated, and very 0:42:47.219,0:42:51.089 cultured. This was[br]particularly true of Germany 0:42:51.119,0:42:55.199 and Eastern Europe. Also,[br]the hatred of nations was 0:42:55.199,0:43:00.269 real and undetected, and the[br]events in Sarajevo whereby 0:43:00.359,0:43:04.979 arch Duke Franz Ferdinand[br]was assassinated, which led 0:43:04.979,0:43:08.759 to the outbreak of the First[br]World War demonstrates that 0:43:08.759,0:43:13.289 so there was a real hatred[br]between nations. At the same 0:43:13.289,0:43:21.299 time, Germany lost the war.[br]And Hitler and his thugs 0:43:21.599,0:43:26.219 attributed this defeat to[br]the Jews. That is 0:43:26.219,0:43:30.659 historically true, he was[br]enraged at them, and 0:43:30.659,0:43:36.059 vilified them at every turn,[br]openly, and in big rallies. 0:43:36.749,0:43:39.959 The German population in[br]here this and even 0:43:40.229,0:43:44.969 enthusiastically welcomed[br]it. The German fury spoke 0:43:44.999,0:43:48.719 openly of his hatred for the[br]Jews, and outlined his 0:43:48.719,0:43:53.669 intentions with them in his[br]book mine comfort, which he 0:43:53.669,0:44:03.059 wrote in 1925. say if[br]Jabotinsky saw the writing 0:44:03.059,0:44:07.499 on the wall and went through[br]Europe in 1936, especially 0:44:07.529,0:44:11.429 Eastern Europe, calling upon[br]the Jews to leave and return 0:44:11.429,0:44:15.599 to Palestine. he famously[br]said, quote, liquidate 0:44:15.599,0:44:19.469 yourselves from Europe or[br]Europe or liquidate you. 0:44:20.249,0:44:23.879 Sadly, he was largely[br]ignored, because the outward 0:44:23.879,0:44:28.679 sophistication of Europe was[br]enlightened and civilized. 0:44:28.949,0:44:32.969 And people didn't believe[br]that what he was saying was 0:44:32.969,0:44:38.429 true. Jabotinsky knew and[br]understood that the seeds of 0:44:38.429,0:44:42.749 hatred against the Jews that[br]had been sown for centuries 0:44:42.749,0:44:48.449 by the church would bring[br]about a calamity of huge 0:44:48.449,0:44:49.439 proportions. 0:44:51.360,0:44:54.600 Undoubtedly, Hitler's rise[br]to power and his 0:44:54.600,0:44:58.110 determination to exterminate[br]the Jews of Europe, which 0:44:58.110,0:45:00.870 found expression in the[br]Holocaust. During the Second 0:45:00.870,0:45:04.650 World War, whereby 6 million[br]of them were murdered was a 0:45:04.650,0:45:08.520 catastrophe of huge[br]proportions. The Nazis were 0:45:08.520,0:45:11.640 not Christians. But the[br]church, through the 0:45:11.640,0:45:14.670 centuries provided the[br]climate, which made the 0:45:14.670,0:45:19.830 Holocaust possible. Jews[br]were always fair game. And 0:45:19.830,0:45:23.970 so the Christians turned a[br]blind eye and largely did 0:45:23.970,0:45:27.750 nothing. The shockwaves of[br]this horror were felt 0:45:27.750,0:45:31.110 throughout the world. And[br]finally, Christians began to 0:45:31.110,0:45:34.950 recognize and awake from the[br]awful past. And the Second 0:45:34.950,0:45:39.960 Vatican Council held in[br]1964, a document was 0:45:39.960,0:45:45.270 produced called nostra Tata,[br]meaning in our time, which 0:45:45.270,0:45:51.450 finally reversed the[br]doctrine of contempt. It 0:45:51.450,0:46:02.490 came centuries, to light. It[br]is because of this period, 0:46:03.090,0:46:09.990 uniquely, that your shame[br]exists today. And we need to 0:46:09.990,0:46:18.660 know that as a reminder of a[br]memorial, to the dignity and 0:46:18.660,0:46:24.150 the lives of millions of[br]Jewish people and children 0:46:25.380,0:46:31.110 who were murdered in the[br]Second World War, brings me 0:46:31.110,0:46:36.420 to my last question. What is[br]the nature of emerging anti 0:46:36.420,0:46:39.810 semitism in the church[br]today? That is, is it 0:46:39.810,0:46:43.080 theological by nature? Or is[br]there something else 0:46:43.080,0:46:47.820 driving? Good question.[br]Actually, things have 0:46:47.820,0:46:54.420 changed. And there's a sort[br]of a new anti semitism, of 0:46:54.420,0:47:01.230 course, they are churches[br]that are still gripped in 0:47:01.230,0:47:05.370 what we call replacement[br]theology. The idea that the 0:47:05.370,0:47:09.780 church alone constitutes the[br]people of God, and that the 0:47:09.780,0:47:13.980 Jewish people have no[br]destiny under God, which 0:47:13.980,0:47:19.590 Paul affirms, they do have.[br]So there is still around, 0:47:19.590,0:47:24.180 but in fact, it is not as[br]strong today as it was 0:47:24.180,0:47:29.460 before. And there is a new[br]form of anti semitism 0:47:29.460,0:47:37.290 emerging. And to some[br]degree, it's impacting the 0:47:37.290,0:47:42.660 evangelical churches,[br]largely speaking, the 0:47:42.660,0:47:46.950 evangelical churches of the[br]world. And the movements, 0:47:46.980,0:47:53.190 they're too attached, do not[br]have an anti semitic record, 0:47:54.840,0:48:00.810 like those of the historical[br]churches of Europe, but 0:48:00.810,0:48:06.630 they're all cracks in the[br]wall. And these cracks are 0:48:06.630,0:48:10.500 getting bigger and bigger[br]with every passing day. And 0:48:10.500,0:48:14.220 it has to do with this, the[br]new anti semitism is growing 0:48:14.250,0:48:18.510 out of the seeds of what we[br]call the social justice 0:48:18.570,0:48:26.130 issues. And this is[br]overtaking churches, and 0:48:26.130,0:48:29.850 denominations who don't hold[br]to replacement theology, 0:48:30.030,0:48:36.210 they reject it. And they may[br]even see a future for the 0:48:36.210,0:48:42.690 Jewish people in the land of[br]Israel, but they have taken 0:48:42.690,0:48:46.620 on board solely a[br]Palestinian narrative of the 0:48:46.620,0:48:51.150 conflict in the region. And[br]so you see more and more 0:48:51.180,0:48:54.930 Christian movements and[br]churches taking on the 0:48:54.930,0:48:58.560 Palestinian cause. And, 0:49:00.059,0:49:05.939 and this has brought forth[br]anti semitism, in many ways. 0:49:06.449,0:49:10.619 And this is increasing. And[br]it's all being built on what 0:49:10.619,0:49:15.479 we call the social justice[br]issues. So it's a different 0:49:15.509,0:49:21.629 theological foundation. And[br]it essentially states that 0:49:21.629,0:49:26.849 the Jews have trampled down[br]upon the Palestinian people. 0:49:27.389,0:49:31.409 They are the or they are the[br]new people who are being 0:49:31.409,0:49:35.699 oppressed. And out of that[br]comes the lie that Israel is 0:49:35.699,0:49:38.969 an apartheid state. And then[br]you have the BDS movement 0:49:38.969,0:49:43.199 and all of these things, and[br]they are penetrating many 0:49:43.619,0:49:50.729 Christian communities. And[br]while we understand that 0:49:50.729,0:49:54.449 this is a long lasting[br]conflict, and we appreciate 0:49:54.449,0:49:58.949 the sufferings of people in[br]many respects, it is it is 0:49:58.949,0:50:02.699 true That out of this is[br]growing an alarming anti 0:50:02.699,0:50:06.569 semitism. And it's something[br]that will have to be 0:50:06.569,0:50:13.439 addressed urgently by people[br]who understand the real 0:50:13.439,0:50:18.509 issues of the region. God[br]bless you. Thank you so much 0:50:18.719,0:50:19.529 for listening 0:51:17.579,0:51:21.239 shim style today historic[br]partnership with the global 0:51:21.239,0:51:24.179 evangelical Christian[br]community. Tell me a little 0:51:24.179,0:51:26.699 bit about the history of how[br]did it start, you played a 0:51:26.699,0:51:28.019 central role in that. 0:51:28.409,0:51:31.379 When I started working at[br]the adverse shame, I came to 0:51:31.379,0:51:34.979 know where Malcolm had angry[br]get to know each other and 0:51:34.979,0:51:37.409 we started meeting each[br]other from time to time and 0:51:37.409,0:51:40.379 talking, we established a[br]partnership between the 0:51:40.379,0:51:43.559 adverse shaved Christian[br]friends of Yad Vashem, the 0:51:43.559,0:51:46.559 Christian desk of Yad Vashem[br]and the International 0:51:46.559,0:51:49.349 Christian embassy. It's[br]about the support that we 0:51:49.349,0:51:52.319 need to get from the[br]Christian world, which is 0:51:52.379,0:51:55.469 very important to for me the[br]admission to be supported by 0:51:55.499,0:52:00.389 by the Christian world, but[br]it's also part of our common 0:52:00.419,0:52:02.369 mission to educate the world 0:52:02.519,0:52:05.429 what I see as Muslim awful[br]to Christians and how can 0:52:05.429,0:52:06.989 Christians support your[br]question? 0:52:08.219,0:52:11.939 So Kristin support here[br]vishram in many different 0:52:11.939,0:52:16.529 ways, helping us to bring[br]the soldiers we spoke about 0:52:16.529,0:52:21.329 the importance educating the[br]soldiers, educating us, Jews 0:52:21.329,0:52:24.329 and non Jews were educating[br]their 1000 non Jews or 0:52:24.329,0:52:27.629 coming to visit you even put[br]a rubber seal down. Also 0:52:27.629,0:52:31.889 Branca, ARBs, Hill to[br]educate them. We need the 0:52:31.889,0:52:35.669 support to continue with[br]Christian seminars that we 0:52:35.909,0:52:39.449 have here. We would like to[br]have more seminars, we would 0:52:39.449,0:52:43.859 like to bring young gay[br]Christian leaders they to 0:52:43.889,0:52:47.369 transform in order to end[br]where they will take a major 0:52:47.369,0:52:49.259 role in their communities[br]that they will have 0:52:50.009,0:52:53.159 knowledge and understanding[br]what why it's important what 0:52:53.159,0:52:57.509 is the role of follow cost[br]in shaping the identity of 0:52:57.509,0:53:01.169 their communities. So that[br]can be a very important way 0:53:01.169,0:53:02.519 to support the adverse[br]shame. 0:53:02.819,0:53:06.029 You know, shy knowing you[br]are now for all those seals 0:53:06.029,0:53:09.059 I think we know each other[br]more than 50 years. You are 0:53:09.089,0:53:11.699 the son of Holocaust[br]survivors who could have had 0:53:11.729,0:53:14.579 any reason to say I didn't[br]want to have anything to do 0:53:14.579,0:53:17.759 with Christians anymore,[br]especially chairman's like I 0:53:17.759,0:53:21.419 am and the warmth and[br]embrace that we feel here on 0:53:21.419,0:53:24.149 this institution and the[br]knowledge coming spirits 0:53:24.149,0:53:26.489 from Christians around the[br]world who stand with them 0:53:26.489,0:53:29.429 and to receive their[br]support. That's amazing. And 0:53:29.639,0:53:31.919 I really want to[br]congratulate the adoption 0:53:31.919,0:53:35.519 and you personally, for this[br]visionary voice that you're 0:53:35.519,0:53:36.119 doing here. 0:53:36.869,0:53:41.339 Our major role is to ensure[br]the legacy of the survivors 0:53:41.339,0:53:43.859 that's what they wanted,[br]they established Yad Vashem 0:53:43.859,0:53:46.739 followings all across the[br]survivors established the 0:53:46.739,0:53:51.119 adverse shape and they want[br]the adverse shame to be a 0:53:51.239,0:53:55.619 place that will carry on the[br]legacy for eternity. 0:54:01.500,0:54:04.560 Cheyenne Ellison amazing[br]passage that your boss input 0:54:04.560,0:54:08.520 on the entry and exit gate[br]of Yad Vashem, what does it 0:54:08.520,0:54:10.200 mean for you and for Yad[br]Vashem? 0:54:11.130,0:54:15.120 When we did this a work of[br]building Yad Vashem yourself 0:54:15.120,0:54:18.000 or Sophie what should be the[br]final message when someone 0:54:18.000,0:54:20.970 is coming out of the adverse[br]shame? And we thought that 0:54:21.030,0:54:25.110 the message from the book of[br]Zakat from the prophets of 0:54:25.140,0:54:28.590 Zakat is the right words[br]because I will put my 0:54:28.770,0:54:32.940 breasts into you, and you[br]shall live again, I will set 0:54:32.940,0:54:36.120 you upon your own soil. It's[br]the right message when you 0:54:36.120,0:54:37.530 come out of the adverse[br]shame, 0:54:37.620,0:54:40.140 Sharia. Thank you so much[br]for having us here today. 0:54:40.140,0:54:43.410 This was an amazing day we[br]learned so much, and thanks 0:54:43.410,0:54:45.240 for this incredible[br]partnership. 0:54:45.449,0:54:47.459 Thank you for coming to our[br]bar. 0:54:47.730,0:54:48.810 God bless you. God 0:54:48.810,0:54:49.440 bless you. 0:54:49.500,0:54:54.690 Bye bye. Here. We have been[br]confronted with the Abbott's 0:54:54.720,0:54:58.020 of the human heart, but at[br]the same time we met amazing 0:54:58.020,0:55:01.140 people that are building[br]bridges. between Jews and 0:55:01.140,0:55:04.170 Christians. As Christians,[br]we have the serious 0:55:04.170,0:55:08.670 responsibility to support[br]and to speak up for Assad 0:55:08.670,0:55:12.090 and for the Jewish people.[br]We cannot afford to be 0:55:12.090,0:55:19.380 silent again. To learn more[br]about the ways that the ice 0:55:19.380,0:55:23.550 j is actively fighting anti[br]semitism, and how you can be 0:55:23.550,0:55:27.750 a part of this meaningful[br]work, go to ice j.org slash 0:55:27.750,0:55:28.590 Yad Vashem