A garrulous grandmother and a roaming 
bandit face off on a dirt road.

A Bible salesman lures a one-legged 
philosopher into a barn.

A traveling handyman teaches a deaf woman 
her first word on an old plantation.

From her farm in rural Georgia,

surrounded by a flock of pet birds,

Flannery O’Connor scribbled tales 
of outcasts,

intruders and misfits staged in 
the world she knew best:

the American South.

She published two novels,

but is perhaps best known 
for her short stories,

which explored small-town life 
with stinging language, offbeat humor,

and delightfully unsavory scenarios.

In her spare time O’Connor drew cartoons,

and her writing is also 
brimming with caricature.

In her stories, a mother has a face 
“as broad and innocent as a cabbage,”

a man has as much drive as a “floor mop,”

and one woman’s body 
is shaped like “a funeral urn.”

The names of her characters 
are equally sly.

Take the story “The Life You 
Save May be Your Own,”

where the one-handed drifter Tom Shiftlet 
wanders into the lives

of an old woman named Lucynell Crater

and her deaf and mute daughter.

Though Mrs Crater is self-assured,

her isolated home is falling apart.

At first, we may be suspicious 
of Shiftlet’s motives

when he offers to help around the house,

but O’Connor soon reveals 
the old woman to be

just as scheming as her unexpected guest–

and rattles the reader’s presumptions 
about who has the upper hand.

For O’Connor, no subject was off limits.

Though she was a devout Catholic,

she wasn’t afraid to explore 
the possibility

of pious thought and unpious behavior

co-existing in the same person.

In her novel The Violent Bear it Away,

the main character grapples with the 
choice to become a man of God –

but also sets fires and commits murder.

The book opens with the reluctant prophet
in a particularly compromising position:

“Francis Marion Tarwater’s uncle had been 
dead for only half a day

when the boy got too drunk 
to finish digging his grave.”

This leaves a passerby to “drag the body 
from the breakfast table

where it was still sitting and bury it […]

with enough dirt on top to keep 
the dogs from digging it up.”

Though her own politics are still debated,

O’Connor’s fiction could also be attuned
to the racism of the South.

In “Everything that Rises Must Converge,”

she depicts a son raging 
at his mother’s bigotry.

But the story reveals that 
he has his own blind spots

and suggests that simply recognizing evil

doesn’t exempt his character 
from scrutiny.

Even as O’Connor probes the most 
unsavory aspects of humanity,

she leaves the door to redemption 
open a crack.

In “A Good Man is Hard to Find,”

she redeems an insufferable grandmother 
for forgiving a hardened criminal,

even as he closes in on her family.

Though we might balk at the price the 
woman pays for this redemption,

we’re forced to confront the nuance
in moments

we might otherwise consider 
purely violent or evil.

O’Connor’s mastery of the grotesque

and her explorations of the insularity and
superstition of the South

led her to be classified as 
a Southern Gothic writer.

But her work pushed beyond 
the purely ridiculous

and frightening characteristics 
associated with the genre

to reveal the variety and nuance 
of human character.

She knew some of this variety 
was uncomfortable,

and that her stories could be 
an acquired taste –

but she took pleasure 
in challenging her readers.

O’Connor died of lupus at the age of 39,

after the disease had mostly confined her 
to her farm in Georgia for twelve years.

During those years,

she penned much of her most 
imaginative work.

Her ability to flit between 
revulsion and revelation

continues to draw readers to her endlessly
surprising fictional worlds.

As her character Tom Shiftlet notes,

the body is “like a house:

it don’t go anywhere,

but the spirit, lady,

is like an automobile:

always on the move.”