[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.04,0:00:13.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Twenty years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.36,0:00:16.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I was a barrister\Nand human rights lawyer
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.39,0:00:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in full-time legal practice in London,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.48,0:00:21.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the highest court in the land
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.68,0:00:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still convened, some would say\Nby an accident of history,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.12,0:00:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this building here,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.14,0:00:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I met a young man\Nwho had just quit his job
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.22,0:00:32.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the British Foreign Office.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.22,0:00:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I asked him, "Why did you leave,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.54,0:00:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he told me this story.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.82,0:00:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He had gone to his boss\None morning and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.54,0:00:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Let's do something\Nabout human rights abuses in China."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.55,0:00:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And his boss had replied,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.55,0:00:50.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We can't do anything\Nabout human rights abuses in China
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.27,0:00:52.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we have\Ntrade relations with China."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.03,0:00:56.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my friend went away\Nwith his tail between his legs,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.63,0:00:59.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and six months later,\Nhe returned again to his boss,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.59,0:01:02.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he said this time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.23,0:01:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Let's do something\Nabout human rights in Burma,"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.75,0:01:06.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it was then called.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.75,0:01:09.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His boss once again paused
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.91,0:01:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said, "Oh, but we can't\Ndo anything about human rights in Burma
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.95,0:01:17.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we don't have\Nany trade relations with Burma."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.63,0:01:19.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.31,0:01:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the moment\Nhe knew he had to leave.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.43,0:01:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't just the hypocrisy\Nthat got to him.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.51,0:01:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the unwillingness of his government
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.79,0:01:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to engage in conflict\Nwith other governments,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.43,0:01:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intense discussions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.23,0:01:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the while, innocent people\Nwere being harmed.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.95,0:01:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are constantly told
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.51,0:01:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that conflict is bad
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.22,0:01:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that compromise is good;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.96,0:01:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that conflict is bad
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.67,0:01:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but consensus is good;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.47,0:01:51.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that conflict is bad
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.71,0:01:54.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and collaboration is good.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.39,0:01:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in my view,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.71,0:01:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's far too simple\Na vision of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.11,0:02:01.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot know
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.03,0:02:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether conflict is bad
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.11,0:02:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless we know who is fighting,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.95,0:02:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why they are fighting
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.11,0:02:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they are fighting.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.99,0:02:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And compromises can be thoroughly rotten
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.47,0:02:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they harm people\Nwho are not at the table,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.95,0:02:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who are vulnerable, disempowered,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.39,0:02:22.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people whom we have\Nan obligation to protect.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.83,0:02:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you might be\Nsomewhat skeptical of a lawyer
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.91,0:02:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arguing about the benefits of conflict
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.11,0:02:32.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and creating problems for compromise,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.75,0:02:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I did also qualify as a mediator,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.59,0:02:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these days, I spend my time\Ngiving talks about ethics for free.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.51,0:02:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as my bank manager likes to remind me,\NI'm downwardly mobile.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.63,0:02:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you accept my argument,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.67,0:02:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it should change not just the way\Nwe lead our personal lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.87,0:02:52.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I wish to put\Nto one side for the moment,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.95,0:02:56.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it will change the way\Nwe think about major problems
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.75,0:02:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of public health and the environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.79,0:03:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me explain.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.71,0:03:06.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every middle schooler\Nin the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.11,0:03:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my 12-year-old daughter included,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.79,0:03:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learns that there are\Nthree branches of government,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.67,0:03:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the legislative, the executive\Nand the judicial branch.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.19,0:03:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,James Madison wrote,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.63,0:03:23.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If there is any principle\Nmore sacred in our Constitution,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.67,0:03:26.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and indeed in any free constitution,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.43,0:03:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than any other,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.95,0:03:30.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is that which separates
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.47,0:03:34.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the legislative, the executive\Nand the judicial powers."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.43,0:03:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the framers were not just concerned
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.71,0:03:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the concentration\Nand exercise of power.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.83,0:03:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also understood\Nthe perils of influence.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.79,0:03:52.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Judges cannot determine\Nthe constitutionality of laws
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.91,0:03:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they participate in making those laws,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.71,0:04:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor can they hold the other branches\Nof government accountable
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.67,0:04:02.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they collaborate with them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.63,0:04:05.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or enter into close\Nrelationships with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.83,0:04:10.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Constitution is,\Nas one famous scholar put it,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.75,0:04:13.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"an invitation to struggle."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.49,0:04:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we the people are served
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.29,0:04:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when those branches do, indeed,\Nstruggle with each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.53,0:04:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, we recognize\Nthe importance of struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.13,0:04:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just in the public sector
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.05,0:04:32.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between our branches of government.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.45,0:04:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also know it too in the private sector,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.81,0:04:38.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in relationships among corporations.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.61,0:04:44.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's imagine that two American airlines\Nget together and agree
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.65,0:04:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they will not drop the price
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.85,0:04:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their economy class airfares\Nbelow 250 dollars a ticket.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.85,0:04:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is collaboration,\Nsome would say collusion,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.73,0:04:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not competition,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.09,0:04:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we the people are harmed
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.93,0:05:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we pay more for our tickets.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.09,0:05:05.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine similarly\Ntwo airlines were to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.37,0:05:10.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Look, Airline A, we'll take\Nthe route from LA to Chicago,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.41,0:05:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Airline B says, "We'll take\Nthe route from Chicago to DC,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.61,0:05:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we won't compete."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.09,0:05:19.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once again, that's collaboration\Nor collusion instead of competition,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.73,0:05:22.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we the people are harmed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.13,0:05:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we understand\Nthe importance of struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.61,0:05:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to relationships\Nbetween branches of government,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.33,0:05:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the public sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.05,0:05:40.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also understand\Nthe importance of conflict
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.49,0:05:44.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to relationships\Namong corporations,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.85,0:05:46.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the private sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.53,0:05:49.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But where we have forgotten it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.13,0:05:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is in the relationships\Nbetween the public and the private.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.57,0:05:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And governments all over the world\Nare collaborating with industry
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.29,0:06:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to solve problems of public health\Nand the environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.09,0:06:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often collaborating\Nwith the very corporations
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.09,0:06:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are creating or exacerbating\Nthe problems they are trying to solve.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.33,0:06:14.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are told that these relationships
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.93,0:06:16.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are a win-win.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.61,0:06:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what if someone is losing out?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.53,0:06:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you some examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.09,0:06:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A United Nations agency\Ndecided to address a serious problem:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.61,0:06:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poor sanitation in schools in rural India.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.45,0:06:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did so not just in collaboration\Nwith national and local governments
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.53,0:06:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also with a television company
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.05,0:06:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with a major\Nmultinational soda company.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.89,0:06:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In exchange for less\Nthan one million dollars,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.05,0:06:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that corporation received the benefits\Nof a months-long promotional campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.45,0:06:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including a 12-hour telethon
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.65,0:06:58.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all using the company's logo\Nand color scheme.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.05,0:07:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was an arrangement
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.16,0:07:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was totally understandable
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.04,0:07:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the corporation's point of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.00,0:07:11.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It enhances the reputation of the company
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.56,0:07:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it creates brand loyalty\Nfor its products.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.36,0:07:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in my view,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.00,0:07:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is profoundly problematic\Nfor the intergovernmental agency,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.72,0:07:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an agency that has a mission\Nto promote sustainable living.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.68,0:07:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By increasing consumption\Nof sugar-sweetened beverages
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.84,0:07:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made from scarce local water supplies\Nand drunk out of plastic bottles
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.16,0:07:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a country that is already\Ngrappling with obesity,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.20,0:07:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is neither sustainable\Nfrom a public health
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.64,0:07:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor an environmental point of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.56,0:07:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in order to solve\None public health problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.92,0:07:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the agency is sowing the seeds
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.24,0:07:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of another.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.28,0:07:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is just one example\Nof dozens I discovered
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.60,0:08:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in researching a book on the relationships\Nbetween government and industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.72,0:08:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could also have told you\Nabout the initiatives in parks
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.52,0:08:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in London and throughout Britain,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.16,0:08:09.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,involving the same company,\Npromoting exercise,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.36,0:08:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or indeed of the British government\Ncreating voluntary pledges
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.24,0:08:17.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in partnership with industry
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.44,0:08:20.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of regulating industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.20,0:08:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These collaborations or partnerships\Nhave become the paradigm in public health,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.88,0:08:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and once again, they make sense\Nfrom the point of view of industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.96,0:08:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It allows them to frame\Npublic health problems and their solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.60,0:08:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in ways that are least threatening to,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.76,0:08:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most consonant with\Ntheir commercial interests.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.64,0:08:41.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So obesity becomes a problem
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.24,0:08:45.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of individual decision-making,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.02,0:08:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of personal behavior,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.10,0:08:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,personal responsibility\Nand lack of physical activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.30,0:08:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is not a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.42,0:08:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when framed this way,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.86,0:08:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a multinational food system\Ninvolving major corporations.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.50,0:09:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And again, I don't blame industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.18,0:09:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Industry naturally engages\Nin strategies of influence
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.62,0:09:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to promote its commercial interests.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.86,0:09:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But governments have a responsibility
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.14,0:09:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to develop counterstrategies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.22,0:09:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to protect us
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.06,0:09:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the common good.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.04,0:09:19.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to give you another example,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.74,0:09:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moving from high-profile collaborations
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.95,0:09:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to something that is below ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.46,0:09:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both literally and figuratively.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.93,0:09:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And just before I do, I should mention,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.96,0:09:34.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mistake that governments are making
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.88,0:09:37.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they collaborate in this way
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.48,0:09:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with industry
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.84,0:09:41.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that they conflate
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.44,0:09:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the common good
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.28,0:09:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with common ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.58,0:09:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you collaborate with industry,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.38,0:09:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you necessarily put off the table
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.22,0:09:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things that might promote the common good\Nto which industry will not agree.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.82,0:09:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Industry will not agree\Nto increased regulation
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.62,0:10:02.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless it believes this will\Nstave off even more regulation
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.82,0:10:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps knock some competitors\Nout of the market.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.46,0:10:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nor can companies agree\Nto do certain things,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.78,0:10:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example raise the prices\Nof their unhealthy products,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.78,0:10:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that would violate\Ncompetition law,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.94,0:10:16.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we've established.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.06,0:10:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So our governments should not confound
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.30,0:10:23.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the common good and common ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.78,0:10:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially when common ground\Nmeans reaching agreement with industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.74,0:10:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, again, to the example below ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.48,0:10:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hydraulic fracturing of natural gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.54,0:10:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine that you purchase a plot of land
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.26,0:10:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not knowing the mineral rights\Nhave been sold.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.50,0:10:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is before the fracking boom.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.58,0:10:48.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You build your dream home on that plot,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.62,0:10:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and shortly afterwards,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.26,0:10:55.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you discover that a gas company\Nis building a well pad on your land.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.26,0:10:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the plight\Nof the Hallowich family.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.72,0:11:04.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within a very short period of time,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.56,0:11:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they began to complain of headaches,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.80,0:11:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of sore throats, of itchy eyes,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.04,0:11:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in addition to the interference\Nof the noise, vibration
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.88,0:11:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the bright lights\Nfrom the flaring of natural gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.04,0:11:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were very vocal in their criticisms,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.48,0:11:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they fell silent.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.92,0:11:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And thanks to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette,\Nwhere this image appeared,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.20,0:11:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one other newspaper,\Nwe discovered why they fell silent.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.08,0:11:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The newspapers went to the court and said,\N"What happened to the Hallowiches?"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.80,0:11:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it turned out the Hallowiches\Nhad made a secret settlement
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.20,0:11:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the gas operators, and it was\Na take-it-or-leave-it settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.12,0:11:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The gas company said,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.40,0:11:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can have a six-figure sum
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.84,0:11:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to move elsewhere\Nand start your lives again,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.00,0:11:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in return
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.24,0:11:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you must promise not to speak\Nof your experience with our company,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.12,0:11:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to speak of your\Nexperience with fracking,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.72,0:11:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to speak about the health consequences
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.20,0:12:01.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that might have been revealed\Nby a medical examination.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.24,0:12:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I do not blame\Nthe Hallowiches for accepting
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.08,0:12:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a take-it-or-leave-it settlement
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.92,0:12:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and starting their lives elsewhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.16,0:12:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one can understand
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.40,0:12:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why the company would wish\Nto silence a squeaky wheel.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.40,0:12:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I want to point the finger at\Nis the legal and regulatory system,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.20,0:12:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a system in which there are\Nnetworks of agreements
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.68,0:12:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just like this one
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.60,0:12:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which serve to silence people\Nand seal off data points
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.08,0:12:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from public health experts\Nand epidemiologists,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.76,0:12:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a system in which regulators
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.40,0:12:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will even refrain\Nfrom issuing a violation notice
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.56,0:12:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the event of pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.96,0:12:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the landowner and the gas company
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.12,0:12:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,agree to settle.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.72,0:12:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a system which isn't just\Nbad from a public health point of view;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.68,0:12:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it exposes hazards to local families
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.00,0:12:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who remain in the dark.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.72,0:12:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I have given you two examples\Nnot because they are isolated examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.24,0:12:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are examples of a systemic problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.76,0:13:01.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could share some counterexamples,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.16,0:13:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the case for example\Nof the public official
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.16,0:13:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who sues the pharmaceutical company
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.28,0:13:08.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for concealing the fact
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.92,0:13:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that its antidepressant increases\Nsuicidal thoughts in adolescents.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.52,0:13:19.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can tell you about the regulator\Nwho went after the food company
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.44,0:13:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for exaggerating the purported\Nhealth benefits of its yogurt.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.20,0:13:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I can tell you about the legislator
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.68,0:13:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who despite heavy lobbying\Ndirected at both sides of the aisle
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.00,0:13:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pushes for environmental protections.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.68,0:13:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are isolated examples,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.44,0:13:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they are beacons of light\Nin the darkness,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.64,0:13:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they can show us the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.52,0:13:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began by suggesting that sometimes\Nwe need to engage in conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.00,0:13:55.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Governments should tussle with,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.56,0:14:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,struggle with, at times engage\Nin direct conflict with corporations.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.48,0:14:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not because governments\Nare inherently good
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.76,0:14:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and corporations are inherently evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.04,0:14:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each is capable of good or ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.96,0:14:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But corporations understandably\Nact to promote their commercial interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.60,0:14:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they do so either sometimes\Nundermining or promoting the common good.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.68,0:14:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it is the responsibility\Nof governments
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.68,0:14:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to protect and promote the common good.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.92,0:14:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we should insist
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.64,0:14:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they fight to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.15,0:14:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is because governments
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.34,0:14:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the guardians
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.58,0:14:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of public health;
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.92,0:14:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,governments are the guardians
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.68,0:14:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the environment;
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.58,0:14:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is governments
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.42,0:14:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are guardians
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.74,0:15:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of these essential parts\Nof our common good.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.73,0:15:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.97,0:15:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)