1 00:00:12,897 --> 00:00:14,802 What's my food been eating? 2 00:00:15,459 --> 00:00:17,976 Have you ever asked yourself this question? 3 00:00:18,673 --> 00:00:20,026 I ask myself. 4 00:00:20,196 --> 00:00:23,591 But I'll tell you why. I will take you through a journey, 5 00:00:23,591 --> 00:00:25,935 starting with this question: 6 00:00:26,459 --> 00:00:28,109 "Tell me what you eat, 7 00:00:28,236 --> 00:00:29,758 I'll tell you what you are." 8 00:00:29,758 --> 00:00:31,388 You've all heard this, right? 9 00:00:31,490 --> 00:00:32,886 I'm the little frog. 10 00:00:33,216 --> 00:00:35,156 I'm Laurent, I was born in Paris, 11 00:00:35,181 --> 00:00:37,171 and always passionate about food, 12 00:00:37,171 --> 00:00:39,096 a "born foodie", as they say. 13 00:00:39,106 --> 00:00:43,036 And to me food is this environment of richness, 14 00:00:43,057 --> 00:00:46,687 of where I would go down the street, every day 15 00:00:46,696 --> 00:00:48,776 to get the veggies, or the bread. 16 00:00:48,776 --> 00:00:50,736 And every weekend, 17 00:00:50,761 --> 00:00:52,991 Saturday after class, 18 00:00:52,991 --> 00:00:54,521 I would be sent to my grandma 19 00:00:54,521 --> 00:00:56,061 and she would cook 20 00:00:56,061 --> 00:00:57,511 the entire weekend, 21 00:00:57,518 --> 00:01:00,038 preparing for her 13 brothers and sisters 22 00:01:00,038 --> 00:01:02,618 to come for lunch on Sunday. It was a big gathering. 23 00:01:02,618 --> 00:01:04,223 And, we would go out 24 00:01:04,223 --> 00:01:06,503 to the market and pick a fish like this, 25 00:01:06,503 --> 00:01:09,983 generally this one. That was her favorite fish. 26 00:01:09,983 --> 00:01:12,853 And her favorite dish is Trout Amandine. 27 00:01:13,583 --> 00:01:16,353 So, this is the way you make it. It is so simple, right? 28 00:01:16,353 --> 00:01:19,283 Pan roast some almonds, you start to get the flavor 29 00:01:19,283 --> 00:01:21,453 and the smell of the almonds in the room. 30 00:01:21,453 --> 00:01:22,543 Set them aside. 31 00:01:22,543 --> 00:01:23,993 Put your trout down. 32 00:01:23,993 --> 00:01:25,253 Pan roast it. 33 00:01:25,253 --> 00:01:27,343 Put the almonds back on top. 34 00:01:27,343 --> 00:01:29,383 Et voilà ! Bon appétit. 35 00:01:29,864 --> 00:01:31,254 So simple, right? 36 00:01:31,254 --> 00:01:34,642 I was a foodie, and really involved with food; 37 00:01:34,642 --> 00:01:37,542 I started writing guides when I was in college. 38 00:01:37,542 --> 00:01:40,012 Many of them. And I did the food review. 39 00:01:40,012 --> 00:01:43,562 I wrote reviews on 700 restaurants of Paris. 40 00:01:43,562 --> 00:01:45,952 Always going twice. Always anonymous. 41 00:01:45,952 --> 00:01:48,452 And then I'm going back to this man, 42 00:01:48,452 --> 00:01:51,352 his name is Brillat-Savarin, he was my mentor. 43 00:01:52,142 --> 00:01:53,712 Not just because he said that, 44 00:01:53,712 --> 00:01:57,262 but also because he wrote "Physiologie du Goût" 45 00:01:57,262 --> 00:01:58,362 200 years ago. 46 00:01:58,362 --> 00:02:01,152 And that's a reference for chefs around the world. 47 00:02:01,802 --> 00:02:04,822 It means "Physiology of Taste". 48 00:02:04,822 --> 00:02:06,412 Gastronomical meditation, 49 00:02:06,412 --> 00:02:08,462 transcendental meditations, 50 00:02:08,462 --> 00:02:12,012 dedicated to the "gastronome Parisien". 51 00:02:12,650 --> 00:02:14,290 And what he really meant is, 52 00:02:14,290 --> 00:02:16,750 it's what you put in your stomach, of course. 53 00:02:16,844 --> 00:02:18,254 But also, 54 00:02:18,254 --> 00:02:20,854 use your six senses 55 00:02:20,854 --> 00:02:23,714 when you start thinking about food. 56 00:02:23,714 --> 00:02:25,574 First of all, look at it. 57 00:02:25,574 --> 00:02:27,084 Second, take the time, 58 00:02:27,084 --> 00:02:28,754 and smell the food. 59 00:02:29,848 --> 00:02:32,748 And that starts whetting your appetite, right? 60 00:02:33,158 --> 00:02:35,768 The third thing is you are going to touch it. 61 00:02:35,768 --> 00:02:38,048 And that is very experiential. 62 00:02:38,048 --> 00:02:41,448 And now, listen. Listen to the journey, 63 00:02:41,448 --> 00:02:43,008 what this food is telling you 64 00:02:43,008 --> 00:02:45,318 --where it's been, where it's coming from. 65 00:02:45,318 --> 00:02:46,768 And then you can go, "Humph!" 66 00:02:46,768 --> 00:02:49,178 or, you can take the time. 67 00:02:49,178 --> 00:02:50,318 And taste it. 68 00:02:50,318 --> 00:02:51,418 And enjoy it. 69 00:02:51,418 --> 00:02:52,788 And you say, "But, hold on-- 70 00:02:52,788 --> 00:02:55,488 what is this 'transcendental' about?" 71 00:02:55,488 --> 00:02:56,838 Well, that's what he means. 72 00:02:56,838 --> 00:02:58,318 The food has to be fun, too. 73 00:02:58,328 --> 00:03:01,258 I studied food, and I studied [the] marketing of food, 74 00:03:01,258 --> 00:03:05,008 at a large company called Beatrice Foods that had great, great brands. 75 00:03:05,008 --> 00:03:06,448 And then years later, 76 00:03:06,448 --> 00:03:09,228 I ran this company based in Paris. 77 00:03:09,228 --> 00:03:11,488 This is a company that's over 100 years old. 78 00:03:11,488 --> 00:03:14,908 It's been creating foods 79 00:03:14,908 --> 00:03:17,428 with 200 chefs when I was there. 80 00:03:17,428 --> 00:03:18,628 I ran it for six years. 81 00:03:18,628 --> 00:03:20,578 We created thousands of different products 82 00:03:20,578 --> 00:03:22,928 in every category you can think of, 83 00:03:22,928 --> 00:03:25,208 from "haricot verts" to "foie gras". 84 00:03:25,208 --> 00:03:27,578 And then, the best part, 85 00:03:27,578 --> 00:03:29,498 every week we had tastings. 86 00:03:29,498 --> 00:03:31,618 And I would never miss them. 87 00:03:31,618 --> 00:03:34,097 So, the tasting goes like that, 88 00:03:34,097 --> 00:03:35,187 it is a blind tasting, 89 00:03:35,187 --> 00:03:37,617 and you try to understand 90 00:03:37,617 --> 00:03:40,487 really, what's in that food, but where it's coming from. 91 00:03:40,487 --> 00:03:42,447 And when I ask the chef, for example, 92 00:03:42,447 --> 00:03:44,467 we were tasting olive oil. 93 00:03:44,467 --> 00:03:47,967 Not dipping bread, but just enjoying the olive oil itself, 94 00:03:47,967 --> 00:03:49,427 by the glass, smelling it. 95 00:03:49,427 --> 00:03:50,487 And they said, 96 00:03:50,487 --> 00:03:53,187 "You know the difference between all these olive oils?" 97 00:03:53,187 --> 00:03:55,197 It's the 'terroir'--the soil, 98 00:03:55,197 --> 00:03:56,907 that's the difference. 99 00:03:56,907 --> 00:03:59,117 They have the same sun." 100 00:03:59,117 --> 00:04:00,727 So, I asked them, I said: 101 00:04:00,727 --> 00:04:02,387 "Well, tell me about the veal. 102 00:04:02,387 --> 00:04:04,027 Where is it [coming] from? 103 00:04:04,027 --> 00:04:06,477 And what has the veal been eating?" 104 00:04:06,477 --> 00:04:09,207 They said: "Well, the veal is 'veau élevé sous la mère.'" 105 00:04:09,207 --> 00:04:11,037 That means, "under the mother". 106 00:04:11,037 --> 00:04:12,287 It was raised that way, 107 00:04:12,287 --> 00:04:14,947 and drank the milk of its mother. 108 00:04:14,947 --> 00:04:17,917 And the mother ate the grass and the flowers. 109 00:04:18,693 --> 00:04:20,523 It sounds pretty normal, right? 110 00:04:20,523 --> 00:04:21,933 But then I said: 111 00:04:21,933 --> 00:04:24,603 "And this particular veal you say is the best? 112 00:04:24,603 --> 00:04:26,003 Where is that one?" They said: 113 00:04:26,003 --> 00:04:28,533 Well, it's about 3 hours from Paris, we can go..." 114 00:04:28,533 --> 00:04:31,223 I said, "I want to visit. I want to see the place." 115 00:04:31,223 --> 00:04:32,533 So we went there. 116 00:04:33,191 --> 00:04:35,141 It's a slaughterhouse. 117 00:04:35,141 --> 00:04:37,051 And I said, "You know, it's ok. 118 00:04:37,051 --> 00:04:40,579 I want to see, I want to understand and see what's special about the place. 119 00:04:40,579 --> 00:04:43,863 Now what was really special about the place is at the end of the visit 120 00:04:43,863 --> 00:04:46,555 I asked the manager, "What do you do with the carcasses 121 00:04:46,555 --> 00:04:47,954 and all the leftovers?" 122 00:04:47,954 --> 00:04:50,213 He said, "Oh, we make fish pellets." 123 00:04:50,743 --> 00:04:51,933 "Fish what?" 124 00:04:52,323 --> 00:04:53,343 "Fish pellets." 125 00:04:53,343 --> 00:04:55,114 Have you ever heard of fish pellets? 126 00:04:55,114 --> 00:04:57,314 I didn't. I said, "Well, where are these made?" 127 00:04:57,314 --> 00:04:59,024 "Two miles down there's a farm, 128 00:04:59,024 --> 00:05:01,454 that's where they make them, there's a factory." 129 00:05:01,454 --> 00:05:03,594 I said, "Fish pellets, huh? 130 00:05:03,594 --> 00:05:05,794 Can I go? I would like to see this place." 131 00:05:05,794 --> 00:05:07,134 So we went, 132 00:05:07,134 --> 00:05:08,574 and it was a trout farm. 133 00:05:09,284 --> 00:05:10,304 A what? 134 00:05:10,304 --> 00:05:11,944 Yes. It was a trout farm. 135 00:05:11,944 --> 00:05:13,494 I was kind of shocked 136 00:05:13,494 --> 00:05:15,144 to see, you know, 137 00:05:15,144 --> 00:05:16,794 all these trouts in basins. 138 00:05:17,271 --> 00:05:19,601 And there were thousands of them. 139 00:05:19,705 --> 00:05:20,995 And guess what? 140 00:05:20,995 --> 00:05:22,025 That's all they ate. 141 00:05:22,025 --> 00:05:23,795 The system is very simple: 142 00:05:23,795 --> 00:05:25,395 They have hundreds of basins, 143 00:05:25,395 --> 00:05:26,655 millions of trouts, 144 00:05:26,655 --> 00:05:29,350 and they're fed automatically, those fish pellets. 145 00:05:29,350 --> 00:05:31,420 But what really got to me, 146 00:05:31,420 --> 00:05:32,990 and got me really angry, 147 00:05:32,990 --> 00:05:36,390 is, you know, the smell of the place. 148 00:05:36,390 --> 00:05:37,450 It was terrible. 149 00:05:37,450 --> 00:05:39,200 It was not just the carcasses, 150 00:05:39,200 --> 00:05:41,030 it was the inside, and everything else 151 00:05:41,030 --> 00:05:42,610 used to make these pellets. 152 00:05:42,610 --> 00:05:43,880 So, guess what? 153 00:05:43,880 --> 00:05:45,910 If you are what you eat, 154 00:05:45,910 --> 00:05:48,760 you also are what your food has been eating, right? 155 00:05:49,438 --> 00:05:51,528 Think of it for a second. 156 00:05:51,935 --> 00:05:53,905 I mean, the result for me is, 157 00:05:53,905 --> 00:05:56,125 again, I was really angry, 158 00:05:56,125 --> 00:05:57,675 and disgusted. 159 00:05:57,675 --> 00:05:59,555 And the result of it is, 160 00:05:59,555 --> 00:06:01,615 I cannot eat trout anymore. 161 00:06:01,615 --> 00:06:03,325 There are several reasons why 162 00:06:03,325 --> 00:06:05,985 sometimes you cannot eat something, of course. 163 00:06:06,425 --> 00:06:08,315 I would argue in some ways, you're not 164 00:06:08,315 --> 00:06:10,715 just what you eat, you're what you don't eat. 165 00:06:10,715 --> 00:06:12,005 For all kinds of reasons-- 166 00:06:12,005 --> 00:06:14,535 maybe because you can't afford the food, 167 00:06:14,535 --> 00:06:17,585 maybe you are a celiac, you have allergies. 168 00:06:17,945 --> 00:06:21,475 Sometimes you would love to get your hands on the food, 169 00:06:21,475 --> 00:06:23,955 but unfortunately, you live in a food desert. 170 00:06:24,321 --> 00:06:26,081 And what you have to do then, 171 00:06:26,081 --> 00:06:29,001 is get processed food instead. 172 00:06:29,001 --> 00:06:31,811 So, another reason could be 173 00:06:31,811 --> 00:06:35,171 your religion says: "Thou shall not eat that." 174 00:06:35,171 --> 00:06:38,201 Or: "This is not food--hold on, 175 00:06:38,201 --> 00:06:39,501 it's a pet." 176 00:06:40,912 --> 00:06:45,502 Or, the same culture would argue that maybe this is food, 177 00:06:45,902 --> 00:06:47,652 where another says, "No, no, no, no-- 178 00:06:47,652 --> 00:06:50,582 this is an endangered species, it's not food, right?" 179 00:06:50,582 --> 00:06:52,712 In any case, I started wondering and said: 180 00:06:52,712 --> 00:06:54,332 "Ok, what can I do about this? 181 00:06:54,332 --> 00:06:56,722 What can we do collectively about this?" 182 00:06:56,722 --> 00:06:58,752 And that's when magic happens. 183 00:06:58,752 --> 00:06:59,742 Three years ago, 184 00:06:59,742 --> 00:07:03,122 I get this phone call from an old friend from business school, who said: 185 00:07:03,122 --> 00:07:05,322 "You know, we have this new program at Harvard, 186 00:07:05,322 --> 00:07:10,433 five schools are getting together and building this new facility, 187 00:07:10,433 --> 00:07:15,293 the Advanced Leadership, where fellows like you can build projects, 188 00:07:15,303 --> 00:07:17,793 bringing in the knowledge, 189 00:07:17,793 --> 00:07:19,613 bringing in the technology, 190 00:07:19,613 --> 00:07:22,533 and all the resources of our schools at Harvard. 191 00:07:23,179 --> 00:07:25,599 So I said: "I can try that, 192 00:07:25,599 --> 00:07:27,699 let me speak to some of the faculty." 193 00:07:28,209 --> 00:07:30,449 This man changed my journey. 194 00:07:30,679 --> 00:07:31,699 And my life. 195 00:07:32,169 --> 00:07:33,309 Because what he did 196 00:07:33,309 --> 00:07:34,819 --this is Barry Bloom; 197 00:07:34,819 --> 00:07:38,489 he was the dean of the Harvard School Of Public Health-- 198 00:07:38,489 --> 00:07:40,419 and when I told him over lunch 199 00:07:40,419 --> 00:07:42,029 my story about the trout, 200 00:07:42,029 --> 00:07:44,449 he said: "You're damn right, they're not the same, 201 00:07:44,449 --> 00:07:48,259 between the farmed trout and the wild trout. 202 00:07:48,259 --> 00:07:50,344 Incidentally, it's the other way." 203 00:07:50,344 --> 00:07:53,874 He said: "You know, this is the wild trout, the smaller one. 204 00:07:53,874 --> 00:07:56,594 The farm--they make them bigger, faster." 205 00:07:56,594 --> 00:07:58,024 "But not only this," he said, 206 00:07:58,024 --> 00:08:01,424 "They look the same, but the reality is 207 00:08:01,424 --> 00:08:04,964 there's more good stuff like omega 3 in the wild, 208 00:08:04,964 --> 00:08:07,894 and there's more bad stuff, like antibiotics and toxins 209 00:08:07,894 --> 00:08:10,524 in the farmed one." And he said: 210 00:08:10,524 --> 00:08:13,283 "You know, think about it; you're going to be here 211 00:08:13,283 --> 00:08:14,833 for a couple of years' study: 212 00:08:14,833 --> 00:08:17,573 Does obesity have anything to do with this? 213 00:08:17,583 --> 00:08:20,053 Or tweaking our food like that?" 214 00:08:20,053 --> 00:08:22,113 So, that's what I did, I started looking. 215 00:08:22,113 --> 00:08:26,353 And this is what it looked like in 1985, per the CDC. 216 00:08:26,353 --> 00:08:28,713 We already had these blue dots, 217 00:08:28,713 --> 00:08:32,133 10% obesity, 10% of the population. 218 00:08:32,133 --> 00:08:34,143 Just 5 years later, 219 00:08:34,143 --> 00:08:39,433 it spread out--10% across the country going to 15%. 220 00:08:39,433 --> 00:08:40,923 So just ten years, right? 221 00:08:40,923 --> 00:08:45,393 1995, 15% is the dark blue. And guess what? 222 00:08:45,393 --> 00:08:48,943 Five years later, they had to introduce a new color, yellow, 223 00:08:48,943 --> 00:08:53,485 for 20% of the population is obese; that's in 2000. 224 00:08:53,485 --> 00:08:55,955 5 years later, introducing red. 225 00:08:56,465 --> 00:09:00,465 Now it's 25% in those states, 226 00:09:00,465 --> 00:09:04,085 and just 5 years later again, a new color, darker red, 227 00:09:04,085 --> 00:09:07,045 30%, that's in 2010. 228 00:09:07,704 --> 00:09:09,004 Wait, it's not over. 229 00:09:09,520 --> 00:09:11,520 Just one year later, 230 00:09:12,354 --> 00:09:16,064 35%, they had to introduce a new color again. 231 00:09:16,067 --> 00:09:18,567 Guess what? It's black. 232 00:09:18,847 --> 00:09:21,507 Now, it's pretty dramatic, because when you look 233 00:09:21,507 --> 00:09:22,857 at the consequences, 234 00:09:22,857 --> 00:09:24,067 it's diabetes, 235 00:09:24,067 --> 00:09:25,997 cardiovascular disease, 236 00:09:25,997 --> 00:09:27,467 many kinds of cancers, 237 00:09:27,467 --> 00:09:29,497 it's everything we eat, 238 00:09:29,497 --> 00:09:31,517 everything we do with our food. 239 00:09:31,517 --> 00:09:35,057 And it goes on and on and on. 240 00:09:35,057 --> 00:09:38,117 And it's not just the list of diseases that are directly 241 00:09:38,117 --> 00:09:39,887 associated to what we eat, 242 00:09:39,887 --> 00:09:41,497 it's also the cost: 243 00:09:41,497 --> 00:09:43,567 $147 billion today. 244 00:09:44,370 --> 00:09:47,100 So, again, what can we do about it? 245 00:09:47,100 --> 00:09:48,900 There is massive confusion. 246 00:09:48,900 --> 00:09:51,680 How would I know when I look at a burger like this, 247 00:09:51,680 --> 00:09:52,970 what's in it? 248 00:09:53,320 --> 00:09:56,190 Will a nutrition label tell me? 249 00:09:56,190 --> 00:09:58,690 I don't know how to read these. Do you? 250 00:09:58,690 --> 00:09:59,840 I don't. 251 00:09:59,840 --> 00:10:00,930 Our kids don't. 252 00:10:00,930 --> 00:10:03,710 So, where is the good fat and the bad fat? 253 00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:05,020 Any guess? 254 00:10:05,580 --> 00:10:07,720 There is one good fat on this picture, 255 00:10:07,720 --> 00:10:11,260 it happens to be unsaturated fatty acid. 256 00:10:11,530 --> 00:10:12,940 But how would you know this? 257 00:10:12,940 --> 00:10:16,370 I wish sat. fat and trans fat were just called 'bad fat'. 258 00:10:16,490 --> 00:10:18,460 That's what we should call them, right? 259 00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:21,890 So, let's look at the burger a little closer 260 00:10:21,890 --> 00:10:24,840 because I want to take you through the journey. 261 00:10:24,840 --> 00:10:28,280 How would you build a burger, right? Beef, lettuce, some onion, 262 00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:30,930 maybe pickles, cheese, some sauce, 263 00:10:30,930 --> 00:10:33,160 you put a bun on top, here's a burger. 264 00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:34,260 Et voilà. 265 00:10:34,260 --> 00:10:36,980 Now, a little salt and pepper, right? 266 00:10:36,980 --> 00:10:38,560 That's how you make it at home. 267 00:10:38,560 --> 00:10:39,920 I do, too. 268 00:10:39,920 --> 00:10:42,070 Except that processed burger, 269 00:10:42,070 --> 00:10:43,480 the one in the picture? 270 00:10:43,480 --> 00:10:46,190 Well, it looks more like this: A sprinkle of this 271 00:10:46,190 --> 00:10:47,940 with high fructose syrup on top, 272 00:10:47,940 --> 00:10:49,730 and a sprinkle of that, and more sugar 273 00:10:49,730 --> 00:10:51,050 and more seasoning 274 00:10:51,050 --> 00:10:53,430 and more [preservatives] and more coloring 275 00:10:53,430 --> 00:10:55,720 and more flavoring and a sprinkle of this 276 00:10:55,720 --> 00:10:59,020 and this and that and this and more color. 277 00:10:59,020 --> 00:11:01,760 All the way down to monoglycerides. 278 00:11:02,210 --> 00:11:04,300 That burger, the chain burger, 279 00:11:04,300 --> 00:11:06,530 has 78 ingredients. 280 00:11:07,141 --> 00:11:08,311 I kid you not. 281 00:11:08,311 --> 00:11:11,121 So, what do we do about it? 282 00:11:11,242 --> 00:11:12,822 How do we tell our kids? 283 00:11:13,782 --> 00:11:16,132 How do we educate them about food? 284 00:11:16,132 --> 00:11:18,212 This is really hard, you know? 285 00:11:18,212 --> 00:11:20,772 I'll tell you what I did with our kids, 286 00:11:20,772 --> 00:11:23,612 David and William, on this picture. 287 00:11:23,612 --> 00:11:26,632 As soon as they could read, I said: "Well, now you're big guys, 288 00:11:26,642 --> 00:11:30,212 you're going to come with us to the supermarket; you can fill the cart 289 00:11:30,212 --> 00:11:32,392 with any kind of food you want, 290 00:11:32,965 --> 00:11:34,275 with one condition: 291 00:11:34,275 --> 00:11:38,135 You understand what the ingredients say on the label on the back. 292 00:11:38,207 --> 00:11:40,827 So, that was the cart they filled. 293 00:11:40,827 --> 00:11:42,737 (laughter) 294 00:11:42,737 --> 00:11:44,077 I know, it was easy. 295 00:11:44,077 --> 00:11:46,927 It was kind of cruel. My wife said: "No, you can't do that!" 296 00:11:46,927 --> 00:11:49,500 So they'd come, of course. They're smart enough, right? 297 00:11:49,500 --> 00:11:52,502 They'd come and say: "Hey dad, what does 'monoglyceride' mean?" 298 00:11:52,502 --> 00:11:53,414 So now we know. 299 00:11:53,414 --> 00:11:54,827 "What is 'xanthan gum,' 300 00:11:54,827 --> 00:11:55,617 can you tell us? 301 00:11:55,617 --> 00:11:59,307 What is this 'emulsifier'?" Ok, ok we'll change the rule, hold on. 302 00:11:59,537 --> 00:12:00,557 New rule: 303 00:12:00,557 --> 00:12:03,097 If it has more than 5 ingredients, 304 00:12:03,097 --> 00:12:05,227 probably not worth putting in the cart. 305 00:12:05,227 --> 00:12:07,107 And I introduced a new, new rule: 306 00:12:07,107 --> 00:12:09,727 If it says 'modified' on the package, 307 00:12:09,733 --> 00:12:11,243 'modified' anything, 308 00:12:11,243 --> 00:12:13,013 I don't want to hear about it. 309 00:12:13,013 --> 00:12:14,843 Because this is really bad stuff. 310 00:12:14,843 --> 00:12:17,353 Not modified food in our house, right? 311 00:12:17,590 --> 00:12:18,750 So that's what we did. 312 00:12:18,900 --> 00:12:21,030 Now, I'm coming back to the burger. 313 00:12:21,030 --> 00:12:22,890 but, my original question was: 314 00:12:22,890 --> 00:12:25,113 What has it been eating? 315 00:12:25,113 --> 00:12:26,903 What's that beef been eating? 316 00:12:26,903 --> 00:12:28,883 Has it been, like you would hope, 317 00:12:28,883 --> 00:12:30,823 the beef that you crave for, 318 00:12:30,823 --> 00:12:32,683 that good meat, where, 319 00:12:32,690 --> 00:12:36,220 it grazes on grass and flowers? 320 00:12:36,220 --> 00:12:38,170 Not quite, right? 321 00:12:38,170 --> 00:12:40,680 That's what the beef is eating these days. 322 00:12:40,941 --> 00:12:42,631 And I am not kidding, 323 00:12:42,711 --> 00:12:46,041 it's eating corn because there is no grass there. 324 00:12:46,041 --> 00:12:49,371 There is no way for the beef to eat anything else but corn, 325 00:12:49,371 --> 00:12:52,071 or soy sometimes. And is that normal? 326 00:12:52,071 --> 00:12:54,179 Well, let's look at the bun for a second. 327 00:12:54,179 --> 00:12:56,619 Now, you'd think the bun is an easy one, right? 328 00:12:56,639 --> 00:12:57,799 It's bread. 329 00:12:57,799 --> 00:12:59,749 As a piece of bread, we know that, 330 00:12:59,749 --> 00:13:01,599 4 ingredients, that's a winner. 331 00:13:01,741 --> 00:13:04,681 Ok: flour, yeast, salt and water. 332 00:13:04,806 --> 00:13:06,196 That's all you need, right? 333 00:13:06,196 --> 00:13:08,426 Except the bun from processed food, 334 00:13:08,426 --> 00:13:10,446 the one you buy at the supermarket, 335 00:13:10,446 --> 00:13:11,876 well, that's that kind of bun. 336 00:13:11,876 --> 00:13:14,396 Again, it has high fructose corn syrup, more sugar, 337 00:13:14,396 --> 00:13:15,906 more glucose and fructose, 338 00:13:15,906 --> 00:13:19,476 and all kinds of oils and [things] that I don't even know. 339 00:13:19,476 --> 00:13:22,116 So, all the way down to monoglycerides again, 340 00:13:22,116 --> 00:13:24,616 32 ingredients typically in the bun. 341 00:13:25,130 --> 00:13:27,020 This is a real bun, from a chain. 342 00:13:27,601 --> 00:13:29,031 And again, it's the corn. 343 00:13:29,251 --> 00:13:31,411 Why does it have so much sugar? 344 00:13:31,411 --> 00:13:34,261 What are we doing with all this corn? 345 00:13:34,361 --> 00:13:35,941 I want to finish with the lettuce 346 00:13:35,941 --> 00:13:38,401 and take you again before we talk about technology, 347 00:13:38,401 --> 00:13:41,631 about the lettuce--what has it been eating, that lettuce? 348 00:13:41,631 --> 00:13:45,791 See, my kind of lettuce --the kind I was raised with--is this one. 349 00:13:45,791 --> 00:13:48,201 That is Rue Mouffetard, where I lived in Paris, 350 00:13:48,201 --> 00:13:50,271 and it has all kinds of lettuces, 351 00:13:50,271 --> 00:13:52,071 all kinds of flavors, right? 352 00:13:52,071 --> 00:13:54,121 And that's what the stand looks like. 353 00:13:54,121 --> 00:13:58,191 They all have different names: from arugula to Romaine or Frisée. 354 00:13:58,191 --> 00:13:59,911 But this lettuce? 355 00:14:00,221 --> 00:14:01,991 Well, first of all it's very cold 356 00:14:01,991 --> 00:14:03,731 and then it's tasteless. 357 00:14:03,731 --> 00:14:05,661 That's why they call it "Iceberg," right? 358 00:14:05,661 --> 00:14:06,971 (laughter) 359 00:14:06,971 --> 00:14:09,221 But seriously, what has it been eating? 360 00:14:09,221 --> 00:14:10,701 Is my question here. 361 00:14:10,701 --> 00:14:11,701 The soil. 362 00:14:11,701 --> 00:14:13,731 You think, "My salad eats soil," 363 00:14:13,731 --> 00:14:15,001 just like my olive oil. 364 00:14:15,001 --> 00:14:16,781 It all comes back to the soil. 365 00:14:16,781 --> 00:14:18,481 And that's an easy one, right? 366 00:14:18,481 --> 00:14:21,311 Good soil, good water --easy. 367 00:14:21,311 --> 00:14:23,001 Except--in our case, 368 00:14:23,001 --> 00:14:25,451 it has some of this and some of that, 369 00:14:25,451 --> 00:14:27,091 and a little bit of this and that. 370 00:14:27,091 --> 00:14:28,401 All these pollutants. 371 00:14:29,493 --> 00:14:31,283 So you kind of wonder again: 372 00:14:31,283 --> 00:14:32,423 What should we do? 373 00:14:32,423 --> 00:14:34,833 I went back to the 5 schools working together. 374 00:14:34,833 --> 00:14:38,835 I was in the program for two years. I got 11 students from those schools 375 00:14:38,835 --> 00:14:40,055 around a table, 376 00:14:40,055 --> 00:14:42,351 and said: "What can we do?" 377 00:14:42,351 --> 00:14:46,281 Imagine, if we could set a new standard 378 00:14:46,281 --> 00:14:48,521 for nutritional information 379 00:14:50,006 --> 00:14:52,016 in a place where, 380 00:14:52,016 --> 00:14:54,756 instead of having to read those labels, 381 00:14:54,756 --> 00:14:57,966 that our kids can't understand-but we can't either- 382 00:14:57,966 --> 00:14:59,866 we would have information that is simple 383 00:14:59,866 --> 00:15:02,086 about the nutrients in the box, 384 00:15:02,086 --> 00:15:03,506 so that we would know 385 00:15:03,506 --> 00:15:07,016 how much sugar, how much salt, how much bad fat 386 00:15:07,016 --> 00:15:08,536 there is in that box, 387 00:15:08,536 --> 00:15:10,296 whatever the kind of food it is. 388 00:15:10,296 --> 00:15:12,996 And the same would apply to any burger, any food, 389 00:15:12,996 --> 00:15:16,626 any pizza on the road, so I know what's in it. 390 00:15:17,150 --> 00:15:18,630 Again, the nutrients. 391 00:15:18,630 --> 00:15:21,690 Imagine if you could know that from your TV show, 392 00:15:22,352 --> 00:15:24,192 or the recipe from your grandma, 393 00:15:24,192 --> 00:15:25,272 that apple pie, 394 00:15:25,643 --> 00:15:28,663 and know by entering the ingredients of the show 395 00:15:28,663 --> 00:15:29,623 or the recipe; 396 00:15:29,623 --> 00:15:32,783 well, how much bad fat, how much sugar is in that. 397 00:15:33,092 --> 00:15:35,262 "Well, we can do it," they said, "That's easy. 398 00:15:35,262 --> 00:15:38,312 There's an app for that, we'll create it." So that's what we did. 399 00:15:38,323 --> 00:15:40,173 We created an app, a new solution, 400 00:15:40,173 --> 00:15:43,593 a new standard to introduce nutrition 401 00:15:43,593 --> 00:15:44,823 in a simple way; 402 00:15:44,823 --> 00:15:46,253 in a way that's voiced-powered 403 00:15:46,253 --> 00:15:48,983 so now you can talk to your phone and say "chicken breast" 404 00:15:48,983 --> 00:15:50,203 and you can read on it, 405 00:15:50,203 --> 00:15:53,493 the calories, the sugar, the salt, the bad fat in that item, 406 00:15:53,493 --> 00:15:55,513 in a simple language, 407 00:15:55,513 --> 00:15:58,423 with a simple graphic, a little battery. 408 00:15:58,423 --> 00:16:01,563 It is so simple; it's first a very deep database, 409 00:16:01,563 --> 00:16:03,913 so it has every kind of food you can think of, 410 00:16:03,913 --> 00:16:05,983 from any kind of chain. We had the help 411 00:16:05,983 --> 00:16:08,863 of 65 students help us work on this from all the schools 412 00:16:08,863 --> 00:16:09,843 in the area. 413 00:16:10,095 --> 00:16:12,485 And then, we created this solution 414 00:16:12,485 --> 00:16:13,615 that is so simple 415 00:16:13,615 --> 00:16:15,945 that because it's voice-powered 416 00:16:15,945 --> 00:16:17,335 and fun to use, 417 00:16:17,335 --> 00:16:20,315 you don't have to worry about a Nutrition Facts label anymore. 418 00:16:21,224 --> 00:16:24,014 I got an email from a young woman in Baton Rouge 419 00:16:24,014 --> 00:16:27,054 where I made a presentation on this just a few days ago 420 00:16:27,054 --> 00:16:28,854 and she said: "You know what? 421 00:16:28,854 --> 00:16:32,074 My little girl--here she is--Lydia. 422 00:16:32,074 --> 00:16:34,174 She first got very excited about the app 423 00:16:34,174 --> 00:16:35,224 because of the mike, 424 00:16:35,224 --> 00:16:37,654 and you could talk and get the information, 425 00:16:37,654 --> 00:16:42,014 but now she's using it seriously. She says: 'Mom, look! 426 00:16:42,014 --> 00:16:44,796 There's so much bad fat in your granola bar.'" 427 00:16:44,796 --> 00:16:46,516 (laughter) 428 00:16:46,516 --> 00:16:47,816 So my dream, 429 00:16:47,816 --> 00:16:50,186 is that we take this to the next generation, 430 00:16:50,186 --> 00:16:52,246 because our kids understand this 431 00:16:52,246 --> 00:16:53,816 and they have the power 432 00:16:53,816 --> 00:16:55,996 and they know how to use the technology. 433 00:16:55,996 --> 00:16:59,606 We take it to the level where we could even identify, 434 00:16:59,606 --> 00:17:02,166 one day, from a smelling phone 435 00:17:02,166 --> 00:17:05,596 that will talk to you, what is in my trout. 436 00:17:05,596 --> 00:17:07,256 The peptides, the molecules. 437 00:17:07,256 --> 00:17:10,316 We could identify which one is the good one, 438 00:17:10,316 --> 00:17:11,776 versus the bad one. 439 00:17:11,776 --> 00:17:14,636 What is in that trout? What has it been eating? 440 00:17:14,636 --> 00:17:15,855 I want to know. 441 00:17:16,265 --> 00:17:18,525 So: What's my food been eating? 442 00:17:18,525 --> 00:17:21,048 Ask yourself again, and remember: 443 00:17:21,048 --> 00:17:22,721 We need to empower our kids 444 00:17:22,721 --> 00:17:24,715 to set this new standard 445 00:17:24,715 --> 00:17:26,895 so that we stand a chance 446 00:17:26,895 --> 00:17:29,185 to eradicate obesity. 447 00:17:29,185 --> 00:17:31,315 Together, we can do this. 448 00:17:31,315 --> 00:17:32,235 Thank you. 449 00:17:32,235 --> 00:17:35,155 (applause)