[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.11,0:00:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sharecropping is not slavery\Nbut it did become,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.28,0:00:09.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for an enormous population of people,\Nforced labor.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.81,0:00:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think that \Nsplitting hairs
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.11,0:00:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about what's slavery, \Nwhat's involuntary servitude,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.82,0:00:19.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's forced labor \Nis a distracting exercise.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.03,0:00:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reality is, millions of black people\Nin remote parts of the South
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.37,0:00:27.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could not leave the farms\Nthey were being held on.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.85,0:00:31.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If they did, they were subject\Nto arrest by the sheriff
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.47,0:00:34.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, if they were arrested, \Nthey would then be returned
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.93,0:00:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the very same farms, oftentimes,\Nin chains, receiving nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.11,0:00:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is slavery. \NThat's a form of slavery.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.30,0:00:47.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, the criminal justice system \Nand the use of the courts
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.36,0:00:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to force African-Americans\Nback into labor
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.01,0:00:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was only one element of the new kind \Nof slavery that soon pervaded the South.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.78,0:00:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sharecropping began, for instance,\Nas a form of free labor
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.30,0:01:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which a farmer would go to work--\Nwould work a portion of the land
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.91,0:01:06.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,owned by another man\Nin return for a share of the crop.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.37,0:01:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the laws that were\Nbeing passed by the South
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.73,0:01:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the threat of being arrested \Nand forced into a much more terrible
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.27,0:01:18.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of penalty in a coal mine\Nor on a prison farm somewhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.42,0:01:21.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The threat of having that happen \Nto any African-American man
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.67,0:01:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meant that he could not defy\Nthe wishes of the white landowner
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.58,0:01:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he was working. Again and again, \Nfor millions of African-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.90,0:01:35.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working as sharecroppers, they and \Ntheir families were as effectively held
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.05,0:01:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and immobilized on those farms,\Nin the 1890s and into the 1900s,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.02,0:01:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as their grandparents had been \Nheld as slaves in the same places
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.85,0:01:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before the Civil War.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.40,0:01:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost all sharecroppers were \Nnever able to pay back the debts
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.71,0:01:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the landowners on \Nwhose land they worked.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.30,0:01:55.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They effectively were peons, even though\Nthey were not called that at the time.