[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.21,0:00:11.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] I'm a Glasgow boy,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.58,0:00:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was born and bred in the city,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.58,0:00:16.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and of course I've been told all about the tobacco lords,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.29,0:00:20.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about how the wealth of Glasgow was based on our trade with the colonies,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.38,0:00:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Caribbean, with the Americas.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.96,0:00:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there's an awful lot more to our colonial experience than I ever knew,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.84,0:00:29.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most Scots know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.56,0:00:32.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and perhaps more than they want to know.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.75,0:01:08.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the beautiful west coast of Barbados,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.75,0:01:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an up market holiday resort which attracts hundreds of Scots every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.40,0:01:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They come of course for the beautiful sand, the palm trees the rum punches, and the sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.67,0:01:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Little do they know, however,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.11,0:01:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that 14 miles in that direction, the rugged east coast,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.17,0:01:27.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's an entirely different kind of Scottish community,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.88,0:01:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a community of Sinclairs, of Baileys, of McCaskies,.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.04,0:01:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these families will not be going home after a fortnight in the sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.67,0:01:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Heading inwards from the beaches and hotels,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.83,0:01:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a maze of little roads criss cross the flat, coral island.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.75,0:01:50.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through the rural parishes of St. James and St. Thomas,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.21,0:01:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards wild seas and the St. John coast.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.26,0:01:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The east of the island, from the Scottish district to Martin's Bay,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.46,0:02:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is rocky and unyielding,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.60,0:02:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but like our own Scotland, magnificent and dramatic.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.88,0:02:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the last stronghold of a people who once spread throughout Barbados.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.10,0:02:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who -- if they only knew how-- could trace their ancestors
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.42,0:02:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back to Ireland, the west country, and Scotland,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.35,0:02:19.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some even to Jacobites from Gaeltacht.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.25,0:02:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you know how your family first came to Barbados? [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.42,0:02:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Really, I don't know.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.67,0:02:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All I know is some family arrived from Scotland, in those days.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.92,0:02:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I born in Barbados,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.04,0:02:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My Scottish, maybe great great great great grandfathers, that's all they could tell you.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.04,0:02:49.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I understand that my father arrived,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.46,0:02:52.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his parents from Scotland,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.88,0:02:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what part of Scotland I don't know.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.22,0:02:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Scots have been, in a sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.96,0:03:01.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you could say guilty of collective amnesia
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.21,0:03:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over both our role in empire
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.81,0:03:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the role in the slaving system.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.48,0:03:09.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's up to us as historians
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.80,0:03:11.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reveal the Scottish past, warts and all.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.58,0:03:14.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the areas that's now being revealed,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.79,0:03:18.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is coming into greater significance,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.39,0:03:20.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the role of the Scots in the Caribbean islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.38,0:03:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] When it was settled, Barbados was an uninhabited island in the distant Caribbean.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.88,0:03:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Barbadians themselves called it "Little England",
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.75,0:03:34.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in fact, the first people to make serious money here were Scots.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.55,0:03:40.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1627 King Charles I appointed a Scot, James Hay, as governor of Barbados.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.75,0:03:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both men were determined to see a good return from their new colony. [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.79,0:03:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Barbados was chosen because it's owned by the Hays,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.11,0:03:54.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a border family who become the Earls of Carlisle.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.85,0:03:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to make an island like Barbados pay,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.96,0:03:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the first British island,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.86,0:04:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to have people to work the land.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.02,0:04:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Hays desperately looked back to their own area, the borders of west coast Scotland
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.75,0:04:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for this supply of labour.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.04,0:04:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is part of their business plan to encourage the movement of people onto the island.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.50,0:04:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] When we think of Scots leaving their homeland to make their fortunes
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.12,0:04:24.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or at least ease their poverty,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.62,0:04:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going to the Americas in the 18th century, the 19th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.19,0:04:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we think of Greenoch and Glasgow and Port Glasgow.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.50,0:04:35.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in fact earlier, in the 17th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.46,0:04:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many Scots left from here, from Ayre,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.04,0:04:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not necessarily because they wanted to. [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.93,0:04:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned about the 1640's,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.26,0:04:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had our first joint ventures to Barbados.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.76,0:04:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the first one we know is the Rebecca of Dublin,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.71,0:04:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is brought up to Britannia Ayre,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.25,0:04:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the Firth of Clyde.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.25,0:05:05.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ayre is then the major conduit for the emerging Glasgow merchant paternity.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.04,0:05:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Controlled tightly by guilds,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.27,0:05:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's these guild brothers that set out the first ventures.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.96,0:05:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well we know about this because it's also a plague year, 1642,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.46,0:05:19.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they believe they're all going to die of the plague,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.83,0:05:27.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they have a communal confession in St John's church, which still stands in Ayre.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.25,0:05:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of over the 15 confessions they make,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.68,0:05:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of them, you'd expect bad behaviour, drunkenness, whoring women all around the Caribbean,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.75,0:05:38.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's #15 itself that's interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.59,0:05:43.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They confessed to carrying away the children to the West Indies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.61,0:05:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is the first mention of carrying indentured servants.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.60,0:05:50.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So basically they're clearing out the {\u1}_{\u0}
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.83,0:05:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the start of the trade in people to Barbados.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.51,0:06:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] Scots who couldn't make a living at home
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.42,0:06:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signed an indenture,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.37,0:06:06.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,selling their labour to planters in the new world
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.38,0:06:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for an agreed period,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.92,0:06:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the end of which -if they survived-
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.76,0:06:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were promised a piece of land.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.00,0:06:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The indentures weren't worth the paper they were written on.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.75,0:06:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was there really any difference then
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.84,0:06:20.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between a white indentured servant and a black slave? [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.83,0:06:26.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It didn't matter if you were an indentured servant or a slave,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.41,0:06:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you were subjected to a severe whipping,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.35,0:06:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whip cracked equally severely on a white man
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.12,0:06:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just as it did on a black man.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.17,0:06:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were treated equally horrifically,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.71,0:06:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and suffered equal horrific punishments.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.58,0:06:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But African slavery could be transferred from generation to generation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.04,0:06:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were an African slave,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.29,0:06:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who'd been brought over to Barbados
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.00,0:07:00.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you had children,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.62,0:07:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your child would have been born into slavery.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.58,0:07:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were a white endentured servant
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.75,0:07:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who had been condemned to servitude and you had children on the island,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.43,0:07:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were born free.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.87,0:07:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there is a marked legal distinction.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.79,0:07:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is the concept of the "white negro",
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.04,0:07:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and certainly, you know, in a legal sense they probably were slaves
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.38,0:07:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they were innumerated as part of the chattals,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.50,0:07:35.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in other words the property of the individual, ehm, who held their indentures.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.64,0:07:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in that sense, you know, they were no different legally from black slaves.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.50,0:07:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] Despite Scotland being a rich source of indentured labour,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.88,0:07:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demand on the island outstripped supply.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.65,0:07:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there was a solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.79,0:07:52.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,War. [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.50,0:07:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things were taking a dramatic turn
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.00,0:08:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when Oliver Cromwell invaded Scotland at the Battle of Dunbar.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.25,0:08:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On one hand the Hays lose control of the island,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.90,0:08:11.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the other hand, there's a new supply of labour,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.12,0:08:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prisoners of war.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.83,0:08:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ultimate answer is to transport them,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.56,0:08:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Barbados is where they're sent.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.58,0:08:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here we are in Greyfriars Graveyard,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.30,0:08:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is really where it all happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.83,0:08:34.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the trigger zone for, eh,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.39,0:08:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which will ricochet all the way to Barbados,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.81,0:08:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's here that youre dissenting, eh, senior leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.46,0:08:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Scottish rebellion against the king, Charles 1,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.83,0:08:53.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come into this graveyard and sign a massive document called the National Covenant,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.46,0:08:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which binds them to resist Charles' ideas about imposing Episcopalianism,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.58,0:09:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Church of England's style of bishops etc on Presbyterian Scotland,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.38,0:09:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by doing so, we start this great conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.67,0:09:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you can really claim that the English Civil War was actually triggered from here,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.79,0:09:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cascades down south, and to Ireland.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.33,0:09:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The monument we're walking towards now,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.46,0:09:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is possibly the most emotive part of that killing time,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.17,0:09:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before it goes on, and all these prisoners were sent off as slaves.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.26,0:09:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Barbado'd.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.37,0:09:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here we have it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.46,0:09:42.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being Barbados'd was equivalent to being transported,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.83,0:09:47.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ehm, you've got to remember the fact that these were not idyllic islands in that period,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.08,0:09:49.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these were lethal areas with very high death rates,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.83,0:09:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially for Europeans,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.88,0:09:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and especially through yellow fever.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.33,0:10:01.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] So this is where the covenanters were held before being shipped off. [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.19,0:10:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some were here for up to two years.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.67,0:10:04.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] So they're locked in here,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.81,0:10:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are they fed and watered and covered?[/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.48,0:10:08.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Barely, no cover.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.79,0:10:13.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're not dying here, but the survivors were all marched off and sold,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.67,0:10:16.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of them would have appeared in Barbados,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.67,0:10:18.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the market was strong there.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.79,0:10:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] But therefore the people who are finally indentured and sent to the colonies,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.17,0:10:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arrive here in pretty bad state in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.89,0:10:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If they've been held out here for two years,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.25,0:10:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and after a war,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.56,0:10:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're not arriving in Barbados really full of strength and very well fed. [/narrator]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.83,0:10:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think they would have fetched much.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.42,0:10:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And knowing the state of vittles on both ships as I do,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.67,0:10:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think most of them didn't made the passage to be honest.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.68,0:10:46.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A great tragedy.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.54,0:10:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[narrator] Transportees were shackled and kept below deck
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.00,0:10:59.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a voyage that lasted anything from 8 to 10 weeks.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.62,0:11:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Conditions were so bad that many of them died long before they reached the Caribbean.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.17,0:11:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are no records of how traders treated their Scottish cargo,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.33,0:11:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we do know what they would have faced on arrival,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.08,0:11:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thanks to the writings of visitors the island like Richard Ligon,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.88,0:11:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who published a true and exact history of the island of Barbados in 1657.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.33,0:11:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor Fred Smith, of William and Mary University on Virginia,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.92,0:11:31.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is on an archeological dig in Barbados.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.67,0:11:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fred's students tried to imagine what life must have been like
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.50,0:11:38.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those early arrivals who had to build their own shelters.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.15,0:11:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Richard Ligon paints a vivid picture of those difficult days:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.26,0:11:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Upon the arrival of any ship
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.88,0:11:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the planters go aboard
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.42,0:11:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and having bought such of them as they like,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.38,0:11:50.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,send them with a guide to his plantation,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.62,0:11:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and being come, commands them instantly to make their cabins,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.42,0:11:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which they not knowing how to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.12,0:12:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are to be advised by other of their servants that are their seniors.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.92,0:12:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if they be churlish and will not show them,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.09,0:12:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if material be wanting to make them cabins,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.38,0:12:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then they are to lay on the ground that night.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.76,0:12:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These cabins are to be made of sticks with some plantain leaves,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.00,0:12:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under some little shade that may keep the rain off.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.94,0:12:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their supper being a few potatoes and water and __ for drink,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.83,0:12:26.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next day they are rung our with a bell to work at 6 o'clock in the morning,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.12,0:12:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,til the bell ring again,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.58,0:12:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is at 11 o'clock,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.00,0:12:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they return and are sent to dinner
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.38,0:12:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they return and are set to dinner,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.76,0:12:35.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either with a mess of {\u1}{\u1}{\u0}, {\u1}{\u0}{\u0}, or potatoes."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.25,0:12:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor Carl Watson is a decendant of the first immigrants to Barbados,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.96,0:12:45.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a leading historian of the island's poor whites.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.33,0:12:47.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well history has two levels.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.83,0:12:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,History seen from above, from the point of view of the powerful;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.81,0:12:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and history seen from below.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.75,0:12:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And usually those from below were either illiterate and hence left no written records
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.25,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their daily lives...