[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.08,0:00:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I come to you today to speak of liars,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.19,0:00:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lawsuits
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.64,0:00:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.91,0:00:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first time I heard\Nabout Holocaust denial,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.04,0:00:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I laughed.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.97,0:00:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holocaust denial?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.19,0:00:19.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Holocaust which has\Nthe dubious distinction
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.64,0:00:24.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of being the best-documented\Ngenocide in the world?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.05,0:00:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who could believe it didn't happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.11,0:00:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.26,0:00:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For deniers to be right,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.56,0:00:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.01,0:00:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, first of all, the victims --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.80,0:00:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the survivors who have told us\Ntheir harrowing stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.72,0:00:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who else would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.06,0:00:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bystanders.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.04,0:00:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who lived in the myriads\Nof towns and villages and cities
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.04,0:00:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the Eastern front,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.03,0:00:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who watched their neighbors\Nbe rounded up --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.50,0:00:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,men, women, children, young, old --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.74,0:01:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and be marched\Nto the outskirts of the town
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.48,0:01:05.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be shot and left dead in ditches.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.98,0:01:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or the Poles,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.34,0:01:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who lived in towns and villages\Naround the death camps,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.04,0:01:14.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who watched day after day
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.44,0:01:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the trains went in filled with people
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.21,0:01:18.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and came out empty.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.79,0:01:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But above all, who would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.00,0:01:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The perpetrators.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.11,0:01:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who say, "We did it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.48,0:01:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I did it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.03,0:01:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, maybe they add a caveat.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.20,0:01:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They say, "I didn't have a choice;\NI was forced to do it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.10,0:01:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nonetheless, they say, "I did it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.94,0:01:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.51,0:01:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In not one war crimes trial\Nsince the end of World War II
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.48,0:01:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a perpetrator of any nationality\Never said, "It didn't happen."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.08,0:02:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, they may have said, "I was forced,"\Nbut never that it didn't happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.68,0:02:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having thought that through,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.18,0:02:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided denial was not\Ngoing to be on my agenda;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.16,0:02:10.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had bigger things to worry about,\Nto write about, to research,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.89,0:02:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I moved on.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.91,0:02:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fast-forward a little over a decade,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.75,0:02:17.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and two senior scholars --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.59,0:02:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two of the most prominent historians\Nof the Holocaust --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.77,0:02:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,approached me and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.05,0:02:23.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Deborah, let's have coffee.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.87,0:02:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a research idea\Nthat we think is perfect for you."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.49,0:02:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intrigued and flattered\Nthat they came to me with an idea
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.34,0:02:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thought me worthy of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.94,0:02:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I asked, "What is it?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.66,0:02:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they said, "Holocaust denial."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.35,0:02:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the second time, I laughed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.34,0:02:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holocaust denial?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.28,0:02:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Flat Earth folks?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.29,0:02:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Elvis-is-alive people?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.46,0:02:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should study them?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.33,0:02:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these two guys said,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.67,0:02:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yeah, we're intrigued.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.01,0:02:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are they about?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.61,0:02:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's their objective?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.38,0:03:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do they manage to get people\Nto believe what they say?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.76,0:03:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thinking, if they thought\Nit was worthwhile,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.31,0:03:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would take a momentary diversion --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.71,0:03:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe a year, maybe two,\Nthree, maybe even four --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.67,0:03:14.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in academic terms, that's momentary.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.94,0:03:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.10,0:03:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We work very slowly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.51,0:03:20.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.11,0:03:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I would look at them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.94,0:03:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I did.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.12,0:03:25.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I did my research, and I came up\Nwith a number of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.98,0:03:28.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two of which I'd like to share\Nwith you today.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.60,0:03:29.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.95,0:03:34.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deniers are wolves in sheep's clothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.71,0:03:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are the same: Nazis, neo-Nazis --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.70,0:03:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can decide whether you want\Nto put a "neo" there or not.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.79,0:03:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when I looked at them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.14,0:03:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't see any SS-like uniforms,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.89,0:03:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,swastika-like symbols on the wall,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.07,0:03:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sieg Heil salutes --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.15,0:03:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,none of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.72,0:03:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I found instead
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.61,0:04:04.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were people parading\Nas respectable academics.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.92,0:04:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did they have?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.16,0:04:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had an institute.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.88,0:04:11.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An "Institute for Historical Review."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.39,0:04:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had a journal -- a slick journal --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.97,0:04:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a "Journal of Historical Review."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.40,0:04:21.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One filled with papers --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.13,0:04:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,footnote-laden papers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.92,0:04:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they had a new name.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.50,0:04:28.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not neo-Nazis,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.69,0:04:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not anti-Semites --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.21,0:04:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revisionists.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.99,0:04:35.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They said, "We are revisionists.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.23,0:04:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are out to do one thing:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.94,0:04:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to revise mistakes in history."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.37,0:04:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But all you had to do was go\None inch below the surface,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.80,0:04:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what did you find there?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.73,0:04:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same adulation of Hitler,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.25,0:04:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,praise of the Third Reich,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.15,0:04:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.90,0:05:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what intrigued me.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.37,0:05:07.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice,\Nparading as rational discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.73,0:05:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other thing I found --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.34,0:05:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of us have been taught to think\Nthere are facts and there are opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.11,0:05:15.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after studying deniers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.59,0:05:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think differently.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.44,0:05:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are facts,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.11,0:05:20.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are opinions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.85,0:05:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there are lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.15,0:05:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what deniers want to do\Nis take their lies,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.56,0:05:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dress them up as opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.22,0:05:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe edgy opinions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.24,0:05:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe sort of out-of-the-box opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.97,0:05:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then if they're opinions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.38,0:05:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they should be part of the conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.53,0:05:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they encroach on the facts.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.30,0:05:44.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I published my work --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.89,0:05:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the book was published,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.09,0:05:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Denying the Holocaust: The Growing\NAssault on Truth and Memory,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.52,0:05:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it came out in many different countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.50,0:05:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including here in Penguin UK,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.68,0:05:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was done with those folks\Nand ready to move on.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.16,0:06:01.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then came the letter from Penguin UK.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.43,0:06:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the third time, I laughed ...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.09,0:06:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mistakenly.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.97,0:06:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I opened the letter,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.73,0:06:16.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it informed me that David Irving\Nwas bringing a libel suit against me
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.64,0:06:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the United Kingdom
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.26,0:06:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for calling him a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.95,0:06:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Irving suing me?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.91,0:06:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who was David Irving?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.14,0:06:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Irving was a writer\Nof historical works,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.77,0:06:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of them about World War II,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.82,0:06:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and virtually all of those works\Ntook the position
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.06,0:06:36.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Nazis were really not so bad,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.66,0:06:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Allies were really not so good.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.77,0:06:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Jews, whatever happened to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.90,0:06:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they sort of deserved it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.21,0:06:45.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He knew the documents,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.72,0:06:47.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he knew the facts,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.19,0:06:50.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he somehow twisted them\Nto get this opinion.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.02,0:06:53.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He hadn't always been a Holocaust denier,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.55,0:06:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in the late '80s,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.32,0:06:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he embraced it with great vigor.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.52,0:07:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason I laughed also\Nwas this was a man
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.45,0:07:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who not only was a Holocaust denier,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.40,0:07:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but seemed quite proud of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.12,0:07:08.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here was a man -- and I quote --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.77,0:07:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who said, "I'm going to sink\Nthe battleship Auschwitz."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.34,0:07:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here was a man
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.54,0:07:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who pointed to the number tattooed\Non a survivor's arm and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.72,0:07:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How much money have you made
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.33,0:07:24.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from having that number\Ntattooed on your arm?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.55,0:07:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here was a man who said,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.48,0:07:30.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"More people died in Senator Kennedy's car
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.46,0:07:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Chappaquiddick
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.80,0:07:35.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than died in gas chambers at Auschwitz."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.14,0:07:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's an American reference,\Nbut you can look it up.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.41,0:07:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was not a man who seemed\Nat all ashamed or reticent
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.44,0:07:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about being a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.14,0:07:48.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, lots of my academic\Ncolleagues counseled me --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.94,0:07:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Eh, Deborah, just ignore it."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.87,0:07:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I explained you can't just\Nignore a libel suit,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.48,0:07:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said, "Who's going to\Nbelieve him anyway?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.78,0:07:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here was the problem:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.89,0:08:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,British law put the onus,\Nput the burden of proof on me
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.22,0:08:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prove the truth of what I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.92,0:08:10.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in contrast to as it would have\Nbeen in the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.71,0:08:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in many other countries:
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.24,0:08:15.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on him to prove the falsehood.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.92,0:08:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did that mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.41,0:08:20.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That meant if I didn't fight,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.81,0:08:23.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he would win by default.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.79,0:08:25.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if he won by default,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.57,0:08:28.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he could then legitimately say,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.24,0:08:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My David Irving version of the Holocaust\Nis a legitimate version.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.60,0:08:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deborah Lipstadt was found\Nto have libeled me
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.80,0:08:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when she called me a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.77,0:08:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ipso facto, I, David Irving,\Nam not a Holocaust denier."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.23,0:08:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what is that version?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.43,0:08:47.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was no plan to murder the Jews,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.45,0:08:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were no gas chambers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.53,0:08:51.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were no mass shootings,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.41,0:08:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hitler had nothing to do\Nwith any suffering that went on,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.60,0:08:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Jews have made this all up
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.43,0:09:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get money from Germany
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.85,0:09:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to get a state,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.58,0:09:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've done it with the aid\Nand abettance of the Allies --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.98,0:09:09.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've planted the documents\Nand planted the evidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.46,0:09:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't let that stand
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.86,0:09:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ever face a survivor
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.82,0:09:17.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a child of survivors.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.82,0:09:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't let that stand
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.100,0:09:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and consider myself\Na responsible historian.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.19,0:09:26.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we fought.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.96,0:09:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for those of you\Nwho haven't seen "Denial,"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.26,0:09:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spoiler alert:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.44,0:09:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we won.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.69,0:09:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.01,0:09:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.99,0:09:44.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The judge found David Irving
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.25,0:09:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be a liar,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.61,0:09:48.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a racist,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.80,0:09:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an anti-Semite.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.07,0:09:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His view of history was tendentious,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.46,0:09:54.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he lied, he distorted --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.41,0:09:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.07,0:09:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he did it deliberately.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.21,0:10:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We showed a pattern,\Nin over 25 different major instances.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.37,0:10:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not small things -- many of us\Nin this audience write books,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.51,0:10:07.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are writing books;
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.72,0:10:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we always make mistakes, that's why\Nwe're glad to have second editions:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.21,0:10:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,correct the mistakes.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.42,0:10:13.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.63,0:10:17.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these always moved\Nin the same direction:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.62,0:10:20.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blame the Jews,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.85,0:10:23.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exonerate the Nazis.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.70,0:10:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how did we win?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.20,0:10:31.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we did is follow his footnotes\Nback to his sources.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.19,0:10:33.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what did we find?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.100,0:10:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not in most cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.50,0:10:37.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not in the preponderance of cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.49,0:10:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in every single instance where\Nhe made some reference to the Holocaust,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.83,0:10:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that his supposed evidence was distorted,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.09,0:10:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,half-truth,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.54,0:10:48.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,date-changed,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.90,0:10:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sequence-changed,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.11,0:10:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone put at a meeting who wasn't there.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.25,0:10:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,\Nhe didn't have the evidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.04,0:10:58.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His evidence didn't prove it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.17,0:11:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We didn't prove what happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.63,0:11:04.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We proved that what he said happened --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.15,0:11:07.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by extension, all deniers,\Nbecause he either quotes them
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.04,0:11:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they get their arguments from him --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.53,0:11:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not true.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.80,0:11:11.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they claim --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.01,0:11:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they don't have the evidence to prove it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.61,0:11:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why is my story\Nmore than just the story
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.38,0:11:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a quirky, long,\Nsix-year, difficult lawsuit,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.21,0:11:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an American professor\Nbeing dragged into a courtroom
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.22,0:11:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a man that the court\Ndeclared in its judgment
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.29,0:11:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a neo-Nazi polemicist?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.56,0:11:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What message does it have?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.80,0:11:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think in the context\Nof the question of truth,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.80,0:11:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has a very significant message.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.28,0:11:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because today,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.09,0:11:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we well know,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.78,0:11:50.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth and facts are under assault.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.70,0:11:54.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Social media, for all\Nthe gifts it has given us,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.98,0:12:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has also allowed the difference\Nbetween facts -- established facts --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.58,0:12:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and lies
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.36,0:12:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be flattened.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.99,0:12:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Third of all:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.52,0:12:07.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extremism.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.99,0:12:12.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may not see Ku Klux Klan robes,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.59,0:12:14.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may not see burning crosses,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.68,0:12:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may not even hear outright\Nwhite supremacist language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.03,0:12:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It may go by names: "alt-right,"\N"National Front" -- pick your names.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.96,0:12:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But underneath, it's that same extremism\Nthat I found in Holocaust denial
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.82,0:12:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,parading as rational discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.13,0:12:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live in an age\Nwhere truth is on the defensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.38,0:12:42.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm reminded of a New Yorker cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.88,0:12:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A quiz show recently appeared\Nin "The New Yorker"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.43,0:12:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the host of the quiz show\Nis saying to one of the contestants,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.67,0:12:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yes, ma'am, you had the right answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.01,0:12:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But your opponent yelled\Nmore loudly than you did,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.52,0:12:55.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he gets the point."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.23,0:12:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What can we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.56,0:12:59.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.96,0:13:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot be beguiled\Nby rational appearances.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.41,0:13:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got to look underneath,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.21,0:13:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we will find there the extremism.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.99,0:13:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.00,0:13:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must understand\Nthat truth is not relative.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.14,0:13:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number three,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.62,0:13:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must go on the offensive,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.34,0:13:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the defensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.68,0:13:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When someone makes an outrageous claim,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.31,0:13:34.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though they may hold\None of the highest offices in the land,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.84,0:13:36.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if not the world --
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.87,0:13:38.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must say to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.40,0:13:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where's the proof?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.39,0:13:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where's the evidence?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.56,0:13:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must hold their feet to the fire.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.51,0:13:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must not treat it as if their lies\Nare the same as the facts.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.40,0:13:54.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as I said earlier,\Ntruth is not relative.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.96,0:13:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of us have grown up\Nin the world of the academy
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.84,0:13:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and enlightened liberal thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.60,0:14:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we're taught\Neverything is open to debate.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.16,0:14:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's not the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.20,0:14:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are certain things that are true.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.19,0:14:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are indisputable facts --
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.24,0:14:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,objective truths.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.52,0:14:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Galileo taught it to us centuries ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.36,0:14:24.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even after being forced\Nto recant by the Vatican
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.05,0:14:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Earth moved around the Sun,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.65,0:14:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he came out,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.83,0:14:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what is he reported to have said?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.16,0:14:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And yet, it still moves."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.34,0:14:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth is not flat.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.21,0:14:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The climate is changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.39,0:14:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Elvis is not alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.68,0:14:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.24,0:14:47.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.58,0:14:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.90,0:14:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth and fact are under assault.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.29,0:14:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The job ahead of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.92,0:14:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the task ahead of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.15,0:14:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the challenge ahead of us
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.77,0:15:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is great.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.75,0:15:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The time to fight is short.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.24,0:15:08.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must act now.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.93,0:15:12.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Later will be too late.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.20,0:15:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.48,0:15:17.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)