WEBVTT
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evening thank you for coming out to dc
acm's may presentation
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on reinventing the Internet
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i'm andrew conkland cherokee cac_ m
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it's my pleasure to welcome you to
google dc
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I'd like to take a moment here to think
that people in the dissident possible
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starting with the car let anthony's and
google pc
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I'd also like to think the chapter board
for helping to put this on and
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all the communication they did
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in fact that lake all of them
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stand up right now
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to show who they are
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so feel free a
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uh... please be sure to grab one of a
man to chat with him after this is over
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also that the bank Internet Society for
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uh... the live stream tonight
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and of course uh... the Internet
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for making this possible
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if not for the Internet we would be a
running events through large
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bureaucratic committees
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snail mail
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and we would more than
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close we've more closely adhered to the
by-laws of dc a cm
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uh... that's a half joke
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uh... the association for computing
machinery or a cm dot org is an
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educational scientific computing society
for academics and practitioners in
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computing
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it consists of international chapters
conferences workshops
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special interest groups
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uh... professional development resources
an additional library of white papers
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uh... our chapter
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are chapters focus is
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presented appear which is
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bringing uh... presentations from
academic institutions
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uh... into the community
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professional development for appears
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and participation in the in our local
community
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for the party
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term is almost up uh... this year and i
want to talk a couple of couple
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highlights
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we've had some very interesting
presentations in the past year
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here's a short list of them
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most recently computer vision with
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docked with doctor larry davis at the
university of maryland
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very good talk uh... soft
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cleansing intrusion tolerance wasn't the
one i had no idea about and that was
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about uh...
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virtual machines flops within
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within minutes and then it within forty
five seconds
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with data persistence it was a very very
compelling taught
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and then there's a couple others here
knowledge discovery now analysis
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organizational social capital
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we also a little while back we had a
dinner with richard solomon
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of the free software foundation
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that was so sick at dinner
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and now here's a couple of stats so the
species yummy dot group we started about
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a year ago we now have forty porn twenty
eight members
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there's another meet up group we've been
running called bcn idols which is an
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after-hours
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working community
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self-starter meets once a week
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about a forty attendees we had a a
congressman come out couple weeks ago
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is having us into uh... the capitol
building com complex for core concession
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and there's a lot of interesting doers
and salsa orders that are building
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business ventures
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hobbyists freelance
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and other committee other every week
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recommend checking it out
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and then from i three and a half years
here helping with the cac_ emma have a
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couple of takeaways
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very obvious ones it would seem on paper
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uh... the first one is
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helped many people around you
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uh... through putting on talks in
putting on professional development
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courses
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a lot of people benefit from it
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and you can do that through this chapter
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the more people people to help
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and you grow because of it
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suv that leads into the next slide
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which is
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called for
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she sees him board numbers candidates
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that santa and in a couple days
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and we are going to have our elections
next month month as well
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and I'd like to take a moment here to
secretly have a community announcement
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they'd like to make
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extender
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i put flyers out on the table out front
this is for the
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university of maryland human-computer
interaction a lab thirty s annual
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symposium coming up next week in college
park ec aisles been doing leading edge
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interface work for decades ob engine
item and found that the the lab it's now
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on its third fourth director it's a
great event and the flyers out there if
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you can't get a flyer disability i olson
posey 'em and you'll find a link to it
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administers the keller
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amanda ceo_ and founder of programming
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uh... it's a new
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all-female software training program in
dc
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uh... cell and going to be hosting
workshops
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and a full ten week uh... programming
fellowship
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for women's learn
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on how to code in python so if anyone is
interested in that town looking for
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supporters
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uh... hiring organizations and student
self company after its just
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and jeff alexander i'm actually on the
board all of the um... technology
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transfer society of dc
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and we're actually having an event at
lunch on wednesday called code breakers
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include makers john hume into is a long
time and please now as i will talk about
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those and other people involved in world
war two
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code development and code breaking uh...
in the war if that the nazis
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uh... lessons we can learn about how to
manage innovation from that experience
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so it sat down southeast universe user
universities association which is just
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over here up on a block away out google
tech transfer society dc chapter no
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find thanks
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payments to a breeze a massive from dc
government
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dc more nurses that helped support
tech sector
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public original basin is that we've got
to work with some terms here
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let me know if you have in a bit company
or if you
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and
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sobered by the sponsors
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i'm mike nelson slumber government and
i'm also very involved in society dc
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chapter
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we're very glad to be
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providing live streaming here but we're
also wanted to announce that next
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thursday twenty-third morning we're
doing an event at the center for
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strategic and international studies
geopolitics Internet governance
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why other people want to take that away
from us
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higham shown themselves and you know
it's uh... to the community dc adjust
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general announcements we have some very
interesting things going on one were
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working with
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uh... teach you to reduce so it's kind
of exciting to do that
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and uh... we also have some interesting
things going on we're working with
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partnering with the smithsonian soon
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uh... we uh... have a couple of that's
coming up soon
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visit our data kennedy dc dot org page
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uh... we'd have
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so if i feel like the governor from
texas
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i forgot
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but there's a lot of great lots going on
there like you to check it
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pickett
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without a for the delay in its my own
urge introduce tonight speaker
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dr irvine surface served as vice
president chief Internet evangelists for
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google since october two thousand five
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surf is a former senior vice president
technology strategy for mci_
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widely known as one of the fathers of
the Internet surf is the code designer
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of the t cpi_ p protocols in the
architecture of the Internet
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he performed this work during his tenure
with the us department of defense is
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advanced research projects agency
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surface acquired numerous uh...
accolades over the years in ninety four
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he was listed in people magazine's
twenty five most intriguing people
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ninety seven you received the us
national medal of technology by
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president clinton
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two thousand for the cm
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during award
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two thousand five the presidential medal
of freedom by president bush
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and twenty thirteen years appointed by
president obama to serve on the national
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science port
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that doctor men served has either
started chairs or is currently a fellow
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at virtually every reputable Internet
technology related association on the
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planet
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if you're looking for a conversation
starter ask him about leonard nimoy
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jet propulsion laboratory
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and what it's like to be married before
the Internet existed
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ladies and gentlemen it's with great
privilege
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i ask you please join me in welcoming
the president of the association for
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computing machinery
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doctor vincent
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well thank you welcome to the uh...
google bc daycare center coffee knows
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all the primary colors everything else
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uh... it's really pressure to really is
it's a story for me started please that
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the uh... htm chapter
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came to us and yesterday was that
possible
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and i certainly appreciate Internet
society sound
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strain of this uh... activity
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uh... this is a special kind of event
for me in a way because three of the
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organizations that i care a great deal
about are represented here high stock
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service
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first president
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pcm racers current president
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uh... where i served as one of the past
presidents of uh... means a lot to me to
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see all three of these organizations
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uh... collaborating together tonight's
event
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uh... i thought i would mention one
thing before the committee formal
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presentation
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uh... that nineteen ninety-four of
people magazine thing was a bit of a
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surprise to me i don't quite know how
the figured out that that was because
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Internet was not terribly widely known
the general public it was
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this is world wide web site show up
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but uh... the irony of all this is that
my wife
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lost her she was three
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got to call their implants won in ninety
six and one in two thousand six ten
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years later
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her story a soldier manickam wonderfully
compelling that they sent the photos
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came out for three days traffickers he
got sixties people
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in nineteen ninety eight and that's
always been the source of your
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suggestion in the house alone i haven't
been able to get back in again
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seconds and what to do it
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mission is that uh... that you'll be
pleased i hope to know
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that Internet and the world wide web
have been rescued
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it's bright store
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uh... source as a major engineering
achievement
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dot that we think of the ec internal
organs being nobel prize in computer
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science but there isn't anything for
engineering
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well system
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there is a queen elizabeth props for
engineering it was uh... established
00:11:36.450 --> 00:11:37.650
last year
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is warranted
00:11:38.640 --> 00:11:41.240
every two years to uh...
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obtuse now up to five people originally
up to three
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uh... but now it's up to five it's a one
million pound crimes that's about a
00:11:48.490 --> 00:11:50.290
million and a half dollars
00:11:50.290 --> 00:11:54.210
by honda conversely mark increasing
00:11:54.210 --> 00:11:55.260
uh...
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leaders are
00:11:56.610 --> 00:11:59.640
all were announces winners of the first
00:11:59.640 --> 00:12:01.390
team field uh...
00:12:01.390 --> 00:12:02.950
hearing his
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and what is done
00:12:04.680 --> 00:12:06.100
very ironic is that
00:12:06.100 --> 00:12:11.820
my wife and are moving to london for six
months it for uh... some work for global
00:12:11.820 --> 00:12:12.459
and
00:12:12.459 --> 00:12:13.730
less than a week
00:12:13.730 --> 00:12:16.530
after we arrived in
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we won't have lunch with the lord mayor
of london
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we will go on it and still line with the
prime minister
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then we will go house where we
00:12:26.379 --> 00:12:29.259
need queen elizabeth and she will be and
each of us a check for two hundred
00:12:29.259 --> 00:12:30.710
thousand pairs
00:12:30.710 --> 00:12:33.590
and that's all
00:12:33.590 --> 00:12:34.450
threat
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is it work
00:12:41.770 --> 00:12:45.930
fun tonight when i thought i would do is
just give you a sense for database of
00:12:45.930 --> 00:12:48.870
the current state of the Internet which
most of you if you are very familiar
00:12:48.870 --> 00:12:49.740
with
00:12:49.740 --> 00:12:54.370
so the transit we can already see are
happy to its only if occasions of those
00:12:54.370 --> 00:12:55.340
trends
00:12:55.340 --> 00:12:59.790
and then some of the problems places
that we all have with him
00:12:59.790 --> 00:13:03.800
not only in interest and i feel
responsible for pursuing
00:13:03.800 --> 00:13:06.660
let's let's start this was some simple
statistics
00:13:06.660 --> 00:13:11.700
uh... these data rather out of date I'd
andy organizations that have been
00:13:11.700 --> 00:13:16.350
producing them had not pleased to my
knowledge produced anything more reason
00:13:16.350 --> 00:13:19.880
although the last time i was a couple
weeks ago so that i could be wrote about
00:13:19.880 --> 00:13:20.800
that
00:13:20.800 --> 00:13:25.179
but the on nine hundred million devices
that are visible on the net with uh...
00:13:25.179 --> 00:13:29.210
domain names and generally speaking
fixed ip addresses are the servers
00:13:29.210 --> 00:13:33.220
that are on the system they don't count
their laptops desktops and other things
00:13:33.220 --> 00:13:36.860
that are episodic reconnected if you add
all those
00:13:36.860 --> 00:13:40.350
uh... then you're getting close to the
two-and-a-half three billion devices of
00:13:40.350 --> 00:13:44.050
others in any way for us to actually you
know that for sure there's no central
00:13:44.050 --> 00:13:48.150
registry for many that in terms of the
number of users in mid year last year
00:13:48.150 --> 00:13:52.110
was two point four billion my guess is
it could be easy to argue that there are
00:13:52.110 --> 00:13:54.450
three billion users now behind
00:13:54.450 --> 00:13:58.160
uh... it's all part of town because the
six-and-a-half billion role models that
00:13:58.160 --> 00:13:59.290
are out there
00:13:59.290 --> 00:14:02.830
uh... some fraction may be on the order
of twenty percent today and probably
00:14:02.830 --> 00:14:05.800
fifty or hundred-percent figures from
them
00:14:05.800 --> 00:14:10.010
uh... will that help and support from
capability and they'll be able to reach
00:14:10.010 --> 00:14:12.290
unity and so a lot of people
00:14:12.290 --> 00:14:14.710
are getting onto the Internet with their
first experience
00:14:14.710 --> 00:14:17.790
from a while and for many of them may
stay that way
00:14:17.790 --> 00:14:23.280
although as time goes on has cost them
their as new technologies arise more and
00:14:23.280 --> 00:14:27.600
more people have multiple devices they
can use to interact with the network
00:14:27.600 --> 00:14:31.500
so one meaning that I'd like to leave
you with tonight is that i believe that
00:14:31.500 --> 00:14:32.380
our
00:14:32.380 --> 00:14:37.000
early uh... experience interacting with
that one device at the time
00:14:37.000 --> 00:14:41.540
will change over time and that we will
be using mobile devices concurrently
00:14:41.540 --> 00:14:43.290
to make use of the net i'm wearing blue
00:14:43.290 --> 00:14:46.760
glass today last is connected to the
Internet
00:14:46.760 --> 00:14:52.730
uh... actor and often display keep being
distracted but if i cap it on the side
00:14:52.730 --> 00:14:57.320
uh... it says uh... is waiting for me to
say something so i'll say okay class
00:14:57.320 --> 00:14:59.110
take a picture
00:14:59.110 --> 00:15:02.360
it just took the pictures from the
people here this is a voice-activated
00:15:02.360 --> 00:15:05.390
device intracranial read about it
00:15:05.390 --> 00:15:09.400
uh... we expect to have about with two
thousand mountain news today were
00:15:09.400 --> 00:15:12.660
wrapping up to ten thousand by the end
the year
00:15:12.660 --> 00:15:15.680
and then we don't
00:15:15.680 --> 00:15:20.350
they're not being sold directly people
have to apply it may have to offer a a a
00:15:20.350 --> 00:15:24.070
description of what it is a proposed new
what we're interested in doing is
00:15:24.070 --> 00:15:28.430
getting these in the hands of people
actually investigators say applications
00:15:28.430 --> 00:15:33.020
uh... this week so essendon pay for the
use of the fifteen hundred dollars each
00:15:33.020 --> 00:15:33.930
today
00:15:33.930 --> 00:15:37.460
I'd have no clue what it's going to look
like in two thousand fourteen to one
00:15:37.460 --> 00:15:41.170
posted as the quantities increase the
price p
00:15:41.170 --> 00:15:42.390
potentially come down
00:15:42.390 --> 00:15:46.400
so these are yet again another time
device connected to the net and one
00:15:46.400 --> 00:15:51.650
thing and tonight's discussion is
increasing number of m
00:15:51.650 --> 00:15:55.870
propriety of devices that are part of
the Internet environment
00:15:55.870 --> 00:15:59.320
interesting statistic again this
familiar last year
00:15:59.320 --> 00:16:02.090
is where people are we're using the net
00:16:02.090 --> 00:16:06.820
uh... ten years ago north america was
absolutely gorgeous number of users and
00:16:06.820 --> 00:16:10.110
as penetration of stalinist penetration
00:16:10.110 --> 00:16:12.560
at slightly under uh... eighty percent
00:16:12.560 --> 00:16:16.530
but he said has the absolute large
number of users in china has the largest
00:16:16.530 --> 00:16:20.540
number users pretty in any one country
they have five hundred billion flight
00:16:20.540 --> 00:16:22.009
five hundred million people
00:16:22.009 --> 00:16:23.500
half a billion people
00:16:23.500 --> 00:16:28.830
are our online in china today that's the
only on the order
00:16:28.830 --> 00:16:31.090
maybe four percent population
00:16:31.090 --> 00:16:34.060
so you can imagine what that look like
when we get to
00:16:34.060 --> 00:16:37.380
eighty percent of several uh... more
than a billion people
00:16:37.380 --> 00:16:42.740
on their china so it's interesting you
know we hear all these stories about
00:16:42.740 --> 00:16:46.199
the chinese eh... attacks on the napkin
00:16:46.199 --> 00:16:49.440
sa which are presumably on true
00:16:49.440 --> 00:16:52.810
but at the same time is fair to note
that the
00:16:52.810 --> 00:16:56.730
country is making a huge investment in
building Internet infrastructure
00:16:56.730 --> 00:16:59.780
so one interesting question from the
sociological point of view was what
00:16:59.780 --> 00:17:00.980
happens
00:17:00.980 --> 00:17:05.050
when they have this enormous fraction of
the population although i know he will
00:17:05.050 --> 00:17:08.319
use the system it will be exchange
information with each other
00:17:08.319 --> 00:17:09.860
how does that change
00:17:09.860 --> 00:17:14.480
the machines view and i don't know the
answer to that but think this is and
00:17:14.480 --> 00:17:16.640
we're watching it very very interesting
00:17:16.640 --> 00:17:21.130
sociological experiment with technology
taking place before our eyes this decade
00:17:21.130 --> 00:17:22.309
unfolds
00:17:22.309 --> 00:17:26.439
i think this is going to be among the
more interesting affect student
00:17:26.439 --> 00:17:27.709
observed
00:17:27.709 --> 00:17:32.220
europe is the next four just in absolute
number of users although you know
00:17:32.220 --> 00:17:36.250
there's a penetration rate is uh...
below the north america
00:17:36.250 --> 00:17:39.610
but i've given up making any predictions
about europe because they keep getting
00:17:39.610 --> 00:17:42.100
countries to the definition of europe
00:17:42.100 --> 00:17:44.900
change and i don't know what it looks
like two years ago
00:17:44.900 --> 00:17:45.850
and the other side
00:17:45.850 --> 00:17:46.890
those who are the
00:17:46.890 --> 00:17:48.410
you can see
00:17:48.410 --> 00:17:50.670
that in africa we're still
00:17:50.670 --> 00:17:55.330
uh... only modestly penetrated this
numbers is misleading though because i
00:17:55.330 --> 00:17:59.150
think that that we have seen a very
rapid growth of mobile homes
00:17:59.150 --> 00:18:02.830
in africa i don't know what fraction of
them are Internet cable
00:18:02.830 --> 00:18:06.620
probably cell fraction twenty percent
thirty percent or something
00:18:06.620 --> 00:18:09.060
and what we're seeing is uh...
00:18:09.060 --> 00:18:11.690
individuals or small samples
00:18:11.690 --> 00:18:17.010
uh... willing to pay get on and network
or at least again
00:18:17.010 --> 00:18:21.480
which is a significant fraction bearer
monthly income
00:18:21.480 --> 00:18:24.600
and yet they they do this because of the
time
00:18:24.600 --> 00:18:27.990
and so when people who make up stories
about what people do with mobile phones
00:18:27.990 --> 00:18:28.950
in africa
00:18:28.950 --> 00:18:33.020
and they have things like you're getting
prices in the city certainly figure
00:18:33.020 --> 00:18:34.940
hours starcraft best
00:18:34.940 --> 00:18:36.179
you know asap
00:18:36.179 --> 00:18:40.149
fact is that they're just slightly
higher european social networking review
00:18:40.149 --> 00:18:41.550
all the other things we do
00:18:41.550 --> 00:18:44.890
of all the data rates that they have
available or more limited so some things
00:18:44.890 --> 00:18:47.100
they don't drive streaming video
00:18:47.100 --> 00:18:48.910
until the data rates are adequate
00:18:48.910 --> 00:18:53.440
but their use is not terribly different
than ours except order patients are on
00:18:53.440 --> 00:18:55.480
the whole conditions
00:18:55.480 --> 00:18:58.740
well this look now at the current
Internet and see what's happening to
00:18:58.740 --> 00:19:03.460
uh... everybody determines well aware
that we ran out of uh... conversion for
00:19:03.460 --> 00:19:04.740
interest rates
00:19:04.740 --> 00:19:07.520
in february of two thousand one
00:19:07.520 --> 00:19:10.410
and uh... that uh... was sort of um...
00:19:10.410 --> 00:19:14.070
i don't know that it was an
embarrassment for box i mean there was a
00:19:14.070 --> 00:19:15.600
interesting surprised
00:19:15.600 --> 00:19:19.789
weblink refers to in the design in
nineteen seventy three forty years ago
00:19:19.789 --> 00:19:22.730
and the question came up how how many
addresses should be out on this
00:19:22.730 --> 00:19:24.980
experimental Internet
00:19:24.980 --> 00:19:28.710
it we didn't know the answer to that so
we said well let's see
00:19:28.710 --> 00:19:32.450
how many computers will there be a per
country
00:19:32.450 --> 00:19:36.200
at the time we were doing this machines
we are using were big drinker machines
00:19:36.200 --> 00:19:39.760
we thought we could meet into any of
those they take a boiler room in there
00:19:39.760 --> 00:19:42.049
expensive but we said let's go
00:19:42.049 --> 00:19:45.779
be crazy about we allocate twenty four
bits of address space for the machine
00:19:45.779 --> 00:19:47.190
sixteen million
00:19:47.190 --> 00:19:51.300
you know what we thought was mainframes
per country croats overjoyed
00:19:51.300 --> 00:19:53.310
billy said how many countries are there
00:19:53.310 --> 00:19:56.080
we didn't know there was no need to look
it up
00:19:56.080 --> 00:19:57.850
sold stuff
00:19:57.850 --> 00:20:01.669
itself the weekly guest company cartoon
00:20:01.669 --> 00:20:04.770
so uh... added that he said well i mean
00:20:04.770 --> 00:20:08.390
it's already per country and i thought
well just got the organ it wasn't
00:20:08.390 --> 00:20:10.279
exactly expensive yet
00:20:10.279 --> 00:20:12.380
so maybe they'll be cooper country
00:20:12.380 --> 00:20:16.720
you know it's worked for competition so
we said twenty taxes two fifty six i
00:20:16.720 --> 00:20:18.580
take this plus twenty four
00:20:18.580 --> 00:20:19.810
thirty two-bit
00:20:19.810 --> 00:20:23.710
we actually debated late nineteen
seventy seven just as the Internet
00:20:23.710 --> 00:20:27.930
protocols were being standardized
whether we expanded our space what we
00:20:27.930 --> 00:20:31.730
wanted very awake addresses in the
programmers hated the idea to sing waste
00:20:31.730 --> 00:20:35.179
computer seconds finding difficult in
the packet because the gurgling
00:20:35.179 --> 00:20:36.400
to india
00:20:36.400 --> 00:20:39.230
uh... then somebody said how about our
twenty-two
00:20:39.230 --> 00:20:43.170
address space at the time we were on a
fifty to a bit backbone
00:20:43.170 --> 00:20:46.850
and the band frankly an awful lot of
these changes were fully flex
00:20:46.850 --> 00:20:49.630
interactions character a character a
complex
00:20:49.630 --> 00:20:51.540
it over again
00:20:51.540 --> 00:20:55.260
one character going back forth with two
hundred fifty six bases source and
00:20:55.260 --> 00:20:56.740
destination address
00:20:56.740 --> 00:20:59.990
investment semi
00:20:59.990 --> 00:21:03.560
there was not there to visit enough we
all have scared in the mid-nineteen
00:21:03.560 --> 00:21:07.850
ninety houston started uh... work on
what was going to be calling png_ for
00:21:07.850 --> 00:21:09.260
next year
00:21:09.260 --> 00:21:10.850
eventually that uh...
00:21:10.850 --> 00:21:14.799
produce the ideally six address please
bob blendon others has developed
00:21:14.799 --> 00:21:18.340
one hundred twenty eight bits and pieces
sell in a very far away
00:21:18.340 --> 00:21:19.589
has been using
00:21:19.589 --> 00:21:20.960
are no Internet
00:21:20.960 --> 00:21:24.650
and tone down the production version is
now open for any officially released on
00:21:24.650 --> 00:21:26.620
june sixth two thousand twelve
00:21:26.620 --> 00:21:30.590
i have favored a list of everyone of you
if you will go to whichever eyes pe
00:21:30.590 --> 00:21:35.540
surprising with Internet address please
and ask them what the jury piece explain
00:21:35.540 --> 00:21:37.890
when can i get i could be six this is
important
00:21:37.890 --> 00:21:39.920
because it's very very slow
00:21:39.920 --> 00:21:44.280
in terms of penetration mostly because
the irs_ user about terror
00:21:44.280 --> 00:21:47.490
a lot of their software is already
capable routers havent
00:21:47.490 --> 00:21:51.830
ups_ devices have hiking he sticks to
the ice peter turning out there saying
00:21:51.830 --> 00:21:52.299
in
00:21:52.299 --> 00:21:53.490
disingenuous
00:21:53.490 --> 00:21:58.700
nobody's asking for course and asking
for ordered users don't know what he for
00:21:58.700 --> 00:21:59.950
eighty six it is
00:21:59.950 --> 00:22:01.470
mission hefty
00:22:01.470 --> 00:22:05.790
when you do and so if you will help us
embarrass them or force in the too many
00:22:05.790 --> 00:22:09.210
people were asking for anything you want
to thank you for that
00:22:09.210 --> 00:22:10.980
yeah uh...
00:22:10.980 --> 00:22:13.510
does try to explain what the
implications of a hundred and twenty
00:22:13.510 --> 00:22:17.700
eight two dresses are remember saying
time that that every electronic universe
00:22:17.700 --> 00:22:19.770
could have its own web page
00:22:19.770 --> 00:22:24.360
until somebody from cal tech blog
renouncing got cancer futures teddy
00:22:24.360 --> 00:22:28.580
electrons in the universe in europe by
fifty orders of magnitude
00:22:28.580 --> 00:22:30.560
so i don't say that anymore
00:22:30.560 --> 00:22:31.230
uh... yeah
00:22:31.230 --> 00:22:34.830
thing is happening is that the maintains
its been bitten in latin characters you
00:22:34.830 --> 00:22:35.620
know
00:22:35.620 --> 00:22:38.340
can be written in dot characters in it
00:22:38.340 --> 00:22:39.820
using the income
00:22:39.820 --> 00:22:43.220
carousel which coming two hundred
thousand more characters
00:22:43.220 --> 00:22:48.970
that same universities using html amex
and all four of the web so that makes
00:22:48.970 --> 00:22:52.929
weapons meaning system much more
compatible
00:22:52.929 --> 00:22:58.070
i cut hike in the Internet corporation
for signings and overseas and initiated
00:22:58.070 --> 00:23:01.270
program of expansion of the generic
top-level domains
00:23:01.270 --> 00:23:04.110
over two thousand applications were
received
00:23:04.110 --> 00:23:09.010
for these units many or conflict because
people saint martin's
00:23:09.010 --> 00:23:12.810
but uh... certainly on the order of
fifteen hundred of them
00:23:12.810 --> 00:23:14.250
uh... are unique
00:23:14.250 --> 00:23:17.910
and the question you know it's which
ones will actually become all registered
00:23:17.910 --> 00:23:20.950
as top-level domains that process is
simple
00:23:20.950 --> 00:23:22.769
so this is a major expansion
00:23:22.769 --> 00:23:25.130
uh... the namespace
00:23:25.130 --> 00:23:29.750
belly all the standard any system has a
number of or abilities
00:23:29.750 --> 00:23:33.300
uh... one of which is uh... poisoning of
the uh...
00:23:33.300 --> 00:23:34.860
nameserver cash
00:23:34.860 --> 00:23:38.990
and so in order to get rid of borja
geetac and inhibit out the effects of
00:23:38.990 --> 00:23:40.580
that kind of poison
00:23:40.580 --> 00:23:43.310
database system security uh...
00:23:43.310 --> 00:23:48.160
uh... architecture's being deployed
basically it's just been reciting abhi
00:23:48.160 --> 00:23:51.010
binding between the two main ninety
address
00:23:51.010 --> 00:23:56.710
so when you look up to translate you
dress you can ask for site response
00:23:56.710 --> 00:23:58.630
if you get a correct response back
00:23:58.630 --> 00:24:01.390
such exim in cricket jackson
00:24:01.390 --> 00:24:02.710
uh... is uh...
00:24:02.710 --> 00:24:04.820
uh... matches what you expect
00:24:04.820 --> 00:24:08.870
then at least you have some confidence
in the integrity of the bundy someone
00:24:08.870 --> 00:24:09.990
hasn't gone in
00:24:09.990 --> 00:24:13.659
modified that binding or factored into
claims
00:24:13.659 --> 00:24:16.840
because they don't have the private tv
would have been used to sign
00:24:16.840 --> 00:24:21.370
that cancer that's being deployed around
the entire rooms and is signed
00:24:21.370 --> 00:24:24.660
and a number of the second radio talk
over the means
00:24:24.660 --> 00:24:25.580
ourself
00:24:25.580 --> 00:24:28.330
and some of the second your side as well
00:24:28.330 --> 00:24:32.720
a similar idea uh... has come up with
regard to the routing system
00:24:32.720 --> 00:24:36.390
no remember that this whole thing was
developed in a time when it was mostly
00:24:36.390 --> 00:24:39.049
geeks who are doing work in a trust each
other
00:24:39.049 --> 00:24:42.169
now we're in an environment where you
can't do that anymore so it would have
00:24:42.169 --> 00:24:43.409
to retrofit
00:24:43.409 --> 00:24:45.430
mechanisms that will deal with
00:24:45.430 --> 00:24:47.480
possible components
00:24:47.480 --> 00:24:51.700
indication running system basically in
order to become part of the net
00:24:51.700 --> 00:24:53.809
dissonant notes that you have
00:24:53.809 --> 00:24:58.360
you're responsible for keeping track of
the address space total system number
00:24:58.360 --> 00:24:59.130
or
00:24:59.130 --> 00:25:02.370
and uh... my idea of this uh...
00:25:02.370 --> 00:25:03.760
spaces this
00:25:03.760 --> 00:25:06.960
and that propagates around through the
routing system the problem is you come
00:25:06.960 --> 00:25:07.950
on
00:25:07.950 --> 00:25:11.740
and when you lie about this and you look
like a somebody says estates
00:25:11.740 --> 00:25:15.800
in order to defend against that it has
been proposed that night it implemented
00:25:15.800 --> 00:25:19.400
there we go with a similar kind of
digital binding doing some reading
00:25:19.400 --> 00:25:21.470
between the eco-system number
00:25:21.470 --> 00:25:24.560
in the idea just based which it is
responsible for
00:25:24.560 --> 00:25:27.360
so that when you're doing well and
updates you can actually check to see
00:25:27.360 --> 00:25:31.630
where the parties use animals in the
states actually has the authority
00:25:31.630 --> 00:25:35.090
there's some complexity this because not
all routing announcements come from the
00:25:35.090 --> 00:25:35.880
edge
00:25:35.880 --> 00:25:39.720
they propagated through the net so some
of the announcements are coming from
00:25:39.720 --> 00:25:42.680
and so you have to be able to verify
that the whole chain
00:25:42.680 --> 00:25:45.030
announcement is actually down
00:25:45.030 --> 00:25:49.010
and so that makes it somewhat more
complicated which is why hasn't been
00:25:49.010 --> 00:25:50.090
deployed yet
00:25:50.090 --> 00:25:53.070
it's in the process of being
00:25:53.070 --> 00:25:55.640
now i'm going to talk more about sensor
networks
00:25:55.640 --> 00:26:00.250
the smartly program and mobile devices
so this is just a reminder again
00:26:00.250 --> 00:26:04.490
in our Internet environment these
treatments are rapidly
00:26:04.490 --> 00:26:05.769
uh... filling up
00:26:05.769 --> 00:26:06.760
system
00:26:06.760 --> 00:26:11.080
now we all anchor recognize that devices
are showing up on the net i certainly
00:26:11.080 --> 00:26:12.610
had anticipated
00:26:12.610 --> 00:26:16.559
uh... he's actually uh... this is an
order striking out the picture larry
00:26:16.559 --> 00:26:21.170
page where you go class as another
Internet enabled device
00:26:21.170 --> 00:26:24.900
but i can remember being very surprised
if somebody came in and said to me
00:26:24.900 --> 00:26:27.659
they had just ended an animal picture
frame
00:26:27.659 --> 00:26:31.460
yet and i couldn't imagine what would
that mean all i think it was it sounds
00:26:31.460 --> 00:26:35.010
as useless as a electric for kickball
00:26:35.010 --> 00:26:40.260
uh... but in fact it's obviously uh...
very useful and many of us at the gym
00:26:40.260 --> 00:26:44.230
we have a wellesley upload or pictures
to website pictures are downloaded into
00:26:44.230 --> 00:26:45.210
the
00:26:45.210 --> 00:26:46.490
with the end of the uh...
00:26:46.490 --> 00:26:48.250
Internet naval picture frame
00:26:48.250 --> 00:26:51.880
and we have an opportunity to watch
what's going on in the family so it's
00:26:51.880 --> 00:26:56.730
kind of a crude form of uh... a little
closer face book inouye insist personal
00:26:56.730 --> 00:27:00.150
its opponents actually rather nice for
the grandparents because he can upload
00:27:00.150 --> 00:27:02.120
pictures of the grandchildren
00:27:02.120 --> 00:27:03.390
nieces and nephews
00:27:03.390 --> 00:27:06.810
and see what they're doing bellevue way
this works you know who is in the
00:27:06.810 --> 00:27:11.320
downloads the frame down those images
from some website so now securities
00:27:11.320 --> 00:27:14.780
issue because of the website gets hacked
the grandparents may see pictures of
00:27:14.780 --> 00:27:16.870
what we hope is not the grand jury
00:27:16.870 --> 00:27:22.299
so now we have to worry about insecurity
at home as well as it org
00:27:22.299 --> 00:27:25.410
uh... there are things that look like
telephones that are really voice over at
00:27:25.410 --> 00:27:26.670
the devices
00:27:26.670 --> 00:27:30.639
uh... the guy in the middle has built an
Internet enabled surfboard
00:27:30.639 --> 00:27:34.929
uh... i don't know about how did it and
send him water waiting for the next wave
00:27:34.929 --> 00:27:39.260
thinking you know i had a laptop myself
or it could be surfing the Internet away
00:27:39.260 --> 00:27:42.030
let's let's do it as a laptop in this
report
00:27:42.030 --> 00:27:45.840
and uh... and then go for the wifi
service back to the rescue check on the
00:27:45.840 --> 00:27:46.450
beach
00:27:46.450 --> 00:27:48.100
myself as a surprise
00:27:48.100 --> 00:27:51.660
so if you want to go surf the net while
you're aware this is for you
00:27:51.660 --> 00:27:55.250
paisa tells us that everyone over the
world will someday have an idea dress
00:27:55.250 --> 00:27:59.450
and i can tell jokes about that anymore
because somebody sent me and ideally six
00:27:59.450 --> 00:28:00.910
radio naval
00:28:00.910 --> 00:28:02.700
led_ whitehall
00:28:02.700 --> 00:28:04.120
uh... and works
00:28:04.120 --> 00:28:07.530
uh... i have a a tv sets at work
writing in the house and you can turn
00:28:07.530 --> 00:28:09.980
the lights are but that will get it
00:28:09.980 --> 00:28:13.409
uh... the interesting thing is that
uh...
00:28:13.409 --> 00:28:14.100
this
00:28:14.100 --> 00:28:17.090
no one can you turn it off green collars
programmer
00:28:17.090 --> 00:28:19.440
you can interrogate find out
00:28:19.440 --> 00:28:22.309
so these sorts of things are becoming
reality
00:28:22.309 --> 00:28:23.809
so if you on
00:28:23.809 --> 00:28:28.160
have only imagine this is a science
fiction of speculation it is not
00:28:28.160 --> 00:28:31.460
are in fact uh... you know i just
realized something
00:28:31.460 --> 00:28:35.760
he'd seen inside hiding behind it
00:28:35.760 --> 00:28:38.899
okay hiking
00:28:38.899 --> 00:28:40.160
uh...
00:28:40.160 --> 00:28:42.620
so uh... this is my sense is that at
home
00:28:42.620 --> 00:28:47.039
uh... this is an iv six radio net it's
uh... commercial pops is not mean that
00:28:47.039 --> 00:28:49.649
in the garage over the side of him
00:28:49.649 --> 00:28:51.929
uh... the communities is on trial
00:28:51.929 --> 00:28:55.130
which is a partner at cisco systems a
couple of years ago
00:28:55.130 --> 00:28:58.850
scissor site all wingers
00:28:58.850 --> 00:29:00.170
their sampling
00:29:00.170 --> 00:29:01.500
the uh...
00:29:01.500 --> 00:29:03.020
uh... like level
00:29:03.020 --> 00:29:05.990
humidity and temperature in each room in
the house
00:29:05.990 --> 00:29:07.310
every five minutes
00:29:07.310 --> 00:29:11.510
and that is propagated through this
network sensors so the sensors are
00:29:11.510 --> 00:29:13.590
actually store forward realize
00:29:13.590 --> 00:29:15.260
they're running six votes
00:29:15.260 --> 00:29:17.710
and i i p e six on top of that
00:29:17.710 --> 00:29:21.840
and so the date is accumulated in the
server an interactive based
00:29:21.840 --> 00:29:26.380
so you're only he can do this right dot
and my father once that is the end of
00:29:26.380 --> 00:29:29.790
the year i will have very good
information about how well he had been
00:29:29.790 --> 00:29:32.140
awake and air conditioning
00:29:32.140 --> 00:29:34.539
instead of anecdotal information may
have
00:29:34.539 --> 00:29:37.230
real uh... engineering data story
00:29:37.230 --> 00:29:38.929
is an engineering like that
00:29:38.929 --> 00:29:41.190
now one of the house is the one side
00:29:41.190 --> 00:29:45.729
so that one is a log as the temperature
goes above sixty degrees fahrenheit
00:29:45.729 --> 00:29:49.480
i get 'em uh... nasa now some of the
laptop
00:29:49.480 --> 00:29:50.970
what is warming up
00:29:50.970 --> 00:29:52.660
i remember going into love
00:29:52.660 --> 00:29:55.970
lawrence not little argonne national
laboratory
00:29:55.970 --> 00:29:59.440
effort three day visit just as i was
walking into the building all of those
00:29:59.440 --> 00:30:01.649
opportunities dot com
00:30:01.649 --> 00:30:06.029
uh... you know that you just broke into
the sixties resign barrier no one was
00:30:06.029 --> 00:30:07.330
home at the time
00:30:07.330 --> 00:30:10.760
and so every five minutes for the next
three days i kept getting this little
00:30:10.760 --> 00:30:13.010
message the airline is winding up
00:30:13.010 --> 00:30:16.940
so i called your truck guys they said
you have remote actuators he said yes
00:30:16.940 --> 00:30:19.740
they say they have strong authentication
on them because i have a
00:30:19.740 --> 00:30:22.620
fifteen-year-old next door to go on and
messing with my
00:30:22.620 --> 00:30:26.929
wine cellar and he said yes so that's
the weekend project to install
00:30:26.929 --> 00:30:30.090
benedetto thinking you know i can
probably tell somebody has gone into the
00:30:30.090 --> 00:30:33.429
winds are blowing away cuz i can see the
lexicon of her
00:30:33.429 --> 00:30:35.620
but i don't know what they didn't care
00:30:35.620 --> 00:30:37.970
so ok solution to this
00:30:37.970 --> 00:30:41.030
is to put our fit_ chips on the spot
00:30:41.030 --> 00:30:45.770
what then i can do an instantaneous
inventory to see that is why it is what
00:30:45.770 --> 00:30:47.990
the seller without my permission
00:30:47.990 --> 00:30:49.910
and down I'd miss it
00:30:49.910 --> 00:30:53.650
describing this look brilliant design
you and your friends and he told me
00:30:53.650 --> 00:30:55.110
there was about
00:30:55.110 --> 00:30:58.500
i said winning is about to see what you
can go into the wine cellar red wine and
00:30:58.500 --> 00:31:03.610
leave the bob so now we have to put
sensors in the court
00:31:03.610 --> 00:31:07.200
and if i was reading that we might as
well sent esters to find out whether one
00:31:07.200 --> 00:31:11.330
is ready to drink so before you on the
bottle he would carry the court
00:31:11.330 --> 00:31:14.890
and if that's the bala got thirty year
issue something that's the one that
00:31:14.890 --> 00:31:19.090
you're doing awesome cuz he doesn't know
the difference
00:31:19.090 --> 00:31:23.220
not actually out this sort of thing is
going to be very common
00:31:23.220 --> 00:31:25.050
not so everyone's on the part
00:31:25.050 --> 00:31:29.000
although if i i i had someone come out
with in prime time
00:31:29.000 --> 00:31:31.480
are fit_ done
00:31:31.480 --> 00:31:35.600
uh... yeah apa spartan tanks and we
actually wandered around my cell and we
00:31:35.600 --> 00:31:38.640
picked up every single lots of exactly
00:31:38.640 --> 00:31:41.050
this is not it's not a crazy idea
00:31:41.050 --> 00:31:44.570
uh... the thing is that we will have
sensor networks and use them for
00:31:44.570 --> 00:31:47.330
environmental control isn't for security
00:31:47.330 --> 00:31:51.020
will use them for variety of things to
only
00:31:51.020 --> 00:31:54.480
residence or business or manufacturing
facility
00:31:54.480 --> 00:31:56.830
jimmy management control
00:31:56.830 --> 00:32:02.310
some of these things will be very much a
part of the union
00:32:02.310 --> 00:32:07.420
now there's an interesting question i'm
going to use the sensor network
00:32:07.420 --> 00:32:09.590
as it's cool
00:32:09.590 --> 00:32:12.340
walking us through bunch of questions
00:32:12.340 --> 00:32:14.750
now the questions are very specific to
00:32:14.750 --> 00:32:16.720
the notion of sensor network
00:32:16.720 --> 00:32:21.450
architecture m large numbers of devices
that have to be configured and access
00:32:21.450 --> 00:32:22.600
control
00:32:22.600 --> 00:32:24.379
but i want to as we go through
00:32:24.379 --> 00:32:25.950
this particular
00:32:25.950 --> 00:32:28.980
discussion i want you to be thinking
generally about
00:32:28.980 --> 00:32:32.400
Internet enable appliances are all kinds
00:32:32.400 --> 00:32:35.020
having maybe managed and controlled
00:32:35.020 --> 00:32:37.670
and wanting them to be
00:32:37.670 --> 00:32:43.649
isolated from parties to might want to
use them for and nefarious purposes
00:32:43.649 --> 00:32:46.850
anything that we don't want is the
headline that says
00:32:46.850 --> 00:32:50.850
that there was a get distributed denial
of service attack
00:32:50.850 --> 00:32:54.830
against bank of america by every
refrigerator in america
00:32:54.830 --> 00:32:58.889
accel we need to be able to think of
ways through
00:32:58.889 --> 00:33:01.800
how he will configure install
00:33:01.800 --> 00:33:02.729
offering
00:33:02.729 --> 00:33:03.840
protect
00:33:03.840 --> 00:33:05.420
uh... and also move
00:33:05.420 --> 00:33:09.290
move from one place and others to
imagine that you take your places with
00:33:09.290 --> 00:33:10.220
you
00:33:10.220 --> 00:33:12.260
they have idea dresses and
00:33:12.260 --> 00:33:15.140
meeting that will be a new life he
addresses when they were installed new
00:33:15.140 --> 00:33:19.220
residents how we do all of that
00:33:19.220 --> 00:33:21.710
expecting every single
00:33:21.710 --> 00:33:23.270
could become an expert
00:33:23.270 --> 00:33:27.100
in configuring nike devices they
shouldn't have to do that you have to
00:33:27.100 --> 00:33:28.649
know anything about
00:33:28.649 --> 00:33:29.990
and so
00:33:29.990 --> 00:33:34.030
what they remove series of design and
operational should there be single
00:33:34.030 --> 00:33:34.999
controller
00:33:34.999 --> 00:33:39.300
for all the devices should there be a
controller for each class of the bonds
00:33:39.300 --> 00:33:42.750
how should we in device u
00:33:42.750 --> 00:33:44.939
connect up with the poultry controller
00:33:44.939 --> 00:33:49.909
one of your apartment building and
endure controller detects devices that
00:33:49.909 --> 00:33:51.679
are in the into an apartment
00:33:51.679 --> 00:33:55.700
this is certainly a great we probably
have with that
00:33:55.700 --> 00:33:59.830
uh... electric blanket where the two
parties have the control switch
00:33:59.830 --> 00:34:03.760
was turning up to get warmer the others
turning down a bit cooler aggressive
00:34:03.760 --> 00:34:05.149
across the net
00:34:05.149 --> 00:34:09.369
uh... so this is their these questions
that are actually pretty hard
00:34:09.369 --> 00:34:12.739
and i think some of us are going to have
to figure out what's the right way to do
00:34:12.739 --> 00:34:13.269
it
00:34:13.269 --> 00:34:15.179
problem for the on wireless
00:34:15.179 --> 00:34:19.059
well depending on where they were
installed you may or may not have been
00:34:19.059 --> 00:34:21.940
radio connectivity even just inside the
house
00:34:21.940 --> 00:34:25.350
so some of them i have to be wired
summary wireless employees different
00:34:25.350 --> 00:34:26.649
frequencies
00:34:26.649 --> 00:34:29.149
now this is easy and every device
00:34:29.149 --> 00:34:32.799
that is sold to be part of the sensor s
00:34:32.799 --> 00:34:36.119
so i have to be adaptable to different
conditions depending
00:34:36.119 --> 00:34:38.679
once found a place for install
00:34:38.679 --> 00:34:40.220
uh... on the factory floor
00:34:40.220 --> 00:34:44.329
uh... there are similar kinds of scale
questions that occurred once again very
00:34:44.329 --> 00:34:45.269
important
00:34:45.269 --> 00:34:46.700
to make sure that the user
00:34:46.700 --> 00:34:50.379
control only by parties that have the
authority to do that you don't want
00:34:50.379 --> 00:34:53.509
some random person halfway around the
world turned on
00:34:53.509 --> 00:34:56.629
in manufacturing device and possibly or
00:34:56.629 --> 00:34:58.089
one of the workers
00:34:58.089 --> 00:35:01.339
uh... they are the question is whether
the devices interact with each other
00:35:01.339 --> 00:35:04.559
whether they'll be directly nationalized
00:35:04.559 --> 00:35:07.999
and here we get into the interesting
example one of the art rock system where
00:35:07.999 --> 00:35:10.129
the devices are released for jun
00:35:10.129 --> 00:35:11.199
in addition
00:35:11.199 --> 00:35:13.149
providing uh...
00:35:13.149 --> 00:35:15.459
censored
00:35:15.459 --> 00:35:16.869
census data
00:35:16.869 --> 00:35:18.269
process today
00:35:18.269 --> 00:35:21.260
uh... and then uh... providing it to
some
00:35:21.260 --> 00:35:22.219
king lear
00:35:22.219 --> 00:35:25.379
but they also are part of that work
which is something to happen
00:35:25.379 --> 00:35:27.709
uh... to uh... local radio condition
00:35:27.709 --> 00:35:28.890
so on
00:35:28.890 --> 00:35:29.950
this is an d
00:35:29.950 --> 00:35:33.079
the questions or almost endless
00:35:33.079 --> 00:35:34.949
here's some more here
00:35:34.949 --> 00:35:36.839
and decide what ideas
00:35:36.839 --> 00:35:41.399
they should have you generate the state
using ninety b six presumably because
00:35:41.399 --> 00:35:43.059
before useful
00:35:43.059 --> 00:35:44.449
but there is a
00:35:44.449 --> 00:35:46.729
a question about previous should be
00:35:46.729 --> 00:35:49.079
what you have this is the
00:35:49.079 --> 00:35:51.130
another remembered
00:35:51.130 --> 00:35:55.160
we're out of discovery online discover
other devices that are part of the
00:35:55.160 --> 00:35:55.989
system
00:35:55.989 --> 00:35:59.939
uh... some of you will know a little bit
about convoluted system works if you use
00:35:59.939 --> 00:36:02.099
it you know that we can devices are
00:36:02.099 --> 00:36:04.019
in close enough proximity
00:36:04.019 --> 00:36:05.610
uh... one of them were
00:36:05.610 --> 00:36:07.369
present
00:36:07.369 --> 00:36:10.749
which you you enter into the other one
in order to confirm that you want to do
00:36:10.749 --> 00:36:11.869
my cv
00:36:11.869 --> 00:36:16.709
connected now the question is whether
every device in this garment is uh...
00:36:16.709 --> 00:36:19.159
hazardous waste even though we were not
00:36:19.159 --> 00:36:22.009
and if it doesn't mean we start thinking
or hawaii
00:36:22.009 --> 00:36:25.989
how to manage these things and it could
be the journal while becomes the devices
00:36:25.989 --> 00:36:30.559
used not only to control and that also
to configure
00:36:30.559 --> 00:36:34.619
and so I'd be in the possibilities here
are fairly uh...
00:36:34.619 --> 00:36:35.959
complex
00:36:35.959 --> 00:36:39.420
and we're gonna have to figure out how
to make that work
00:36:39.420 --> 00:36:43.589
what about what to it's very attracted
to be a little website
00:36:43.589 --> 00:36:48.559
and say i would like to using uh...
webpage diminish my devices
00:36:48.559 --> 00:36:50.859
and if we standardize things properly
00:36:50.859 --> 00:36:55.489
then third parties will be able to offer
service to manager systems fourteen
00:36:55.489 --> 00:36:58.189
think about entertainment you know about
you
00:36:58.189 --> 00:37:02.089
i have lots of boxes at home and have
infrared controllers for
00:37:02.089 --> 00:37:05.139
and usually i fumble around for a while
trying to figure out which controllers
00:37:05.139 --> 00:37:06.759
the right one for which box
00:37:06.759 --> 00:37:10.389
and when i finally got that right that's
the controller that bad
00:37:10.389 --> 00:37:13.230
so if we put all of them are going well
network
00:37:13.230 --> 00:37:16.510
and we use the mobile which is also a
little old man is the controller of the
00:37:16.510 --> 00:37:19.099
things that happen can be in court
00:37:19.099 --> 00:37:23.809
uh... then that means third parties
intervenes english if you'll allow them
00:37:23.809 --> 00:37:27.180
would be the manager of the devices and
all you do is go to the web sites and
00:37:27.180 --> 00:37:30.529
what the sound of movies please populate
all various devices
00:37:30.529 --> 00:37:32.510
which is entertainment country
00:37:32.510 --> 00:37:34.129
is of interest to me
00:37:34.129 --> 00:37:37.650
so out is just incredibly uh...
00:37:37.650 --> 00:37:40.499
rich character what about state
information
00:37:40.499 --> 00:37:42.769
if you have uh...
00:37:42.769 --> 00:37:45.089
things that are are gathering data about
00:37:45.089 --> 00:37:49.619
the temperature humidity levels in my
case or other things about house
00:37:49.619 --> 00:37:52.320
you may be able to infer whether
anybody's at home
00:37:52.320 --> 00:37:53.879
how many people were home
00:37:53.879 --> 00:37:54.770
uh... went up
00:37:54.770 --> 00:37:58.299
in the morning on active depending on
what information is available
00:37:58.299 --> 00:38:01.519
that could pose a security hazard
00:38:01.519 --> 00:38:04.039
especially if they can't figure out
nobody's home
00:38:04.039 --> 00:38:07.759
so again this is a question of what
information should be available
00:38:07.759 --> 00:38:11.229
who should have access to it and control
that
00:38:11.229 --> 00:38:17.369
so there's just goes it's a long long
listed updates that we're cope with
00:38:17.369 --> 00:38:20.119
here's another interesting things that
are part of
00:38:20.119 --> 00:38:24.469
uh... typically cable provider
configures these things up for you
00:38:24.469 --> 00:38:27.219
uh... and it operates the controller
forty
00:38:27.219 --> 00:38:31.139
and offers web access is uh... sheila to
control the system
00:38:31.139 --> 00:38:34.619
and if so how boxes of these on american
interact with each other like charity
00:38:34.619 --> 00:38:35.839
art
00:38:35.839 --> 00:38:40.529
so that's a common example but one thing
what happens if we transform decency
00:38:40.529 --> 00:38:43.199
devices there i could be sixty
00:38:43.199 --> 00:38:46.169
and they have the ability to reach out
and use the Internet in addition to
00:38:46.169 --> 00:38:47.230
everything else
00:38:47.230 --> 00:38:48.499
now they become
00:38:48.499 --> 00:38:52.579
since it could be streaming video from
other sources sending cable television
00:38:52.579 --> 00:38:53.479
company
00:38:53.479 --> 00:38:57.349
and that interestingly enough creates a
conflict right because the cable tv
00:38:57.349 --> 00:39:00.449
guide supplying him with broadband
access to the Internet
00:39:00.449 --> 00:39:01.599
discovers that
00:39:01.599 --> 00:39:05.349
you're using the broadband Internet to
get access to somebody else's video
00:39:05.349 --> 00:39:07.469
which messes up your business model
00:39:07.469 --> 00:39:11.229
which leads to a possible or desire to
prevent you from getting video from
00:39:11.229 --> 00:39:12.799
anybody but damn
00:39:12.799 --> 00:39:16.849
back isn't in the calendar dates and
everything else is a very quickly
00:39:16.849 --> 00:39:20.499
as we pursue these technical problems we
also cover
00:39:20.499 --> 00:39:21.749
uh... an honors
00:39:21.749 --> 00:39:24.659
various policy issues that have to be
resolved
00:39:24.659 --> 00:39:27.559
uh... and i've already talked about your
chocolate
00:39:27.559 --> 00:39:30.289
so uh... or the other
00:39:30.289 --> 00:39:32.589
question is diversity in uniformity
00:39:32.589 --> 00:39:36.009
uh... one uniformity is really helpful
because it allows you to your
00:39:36.009 --> 00:39:37.299
opportunity
00:39:37.299 --> 00:39:40.869
diversity dot is important because you
want to be able to trying new things and
00:39:40.869 --> 00:39:44.209
figuring out how to cope with both of us
at the same time
00:39:44.209 --> 00:39:46.170
up to be true
00:39:46.170 --> 00:39:49.809
this part of it is a program was started
by the department of commerce department
00:39:49.809 --> 00:39:51.849
of energy about four years ago
00:39:51.849 --> 00:39:57.009
and their initial focus was to create
margaret interoperability panel
00:39:57.009 --> 00:39:58.579
to encourage
00:39:58.579 --> 00:40:01.730
standards for the devices that are part
of a smart grid
00:40:01.730 --> 00:40:05.789
so they can be managed to they could
respond for example to it by saying
00:40:05.789 --> 00:40:07.649
that uh...
00:40:07.649 --> 00:40:11.519
the uh... power grid was reaching people
and would you please let me go water
00:40:11.519 --> 00:40:13.869
earlier condition for a while
00:40:13.869 --> 00:40:18.199
this is important because the ability to
control world was not billed
00:40:18.199 --> 00:40:22.349
capacity excess capacity that's only a
small percentage of time
00:40:22.349 --> 00:40:24.899
and so that's a good or thrilled
00:40:24.899 --> 00:40:28.410
capability disability sake please don't
use electricity
00:40:28.410 --> 00:40:32.180
but you also have the opportunity to get
to report back on which devices were
00:40:32.180 --> 00:40:35.029
used during the course in montana
element
00:40:35.029 --> 00:40:38.339
now tell you something about my record
that was what it is and that feedback
00:40:38.339 --> 00:40:39.419
loop
00:40:39.419 --> 00:40:42.680
is what helps us decide whether we
change our lifestyle
00:40:42.680 --> 00:40:46.290
possibly for economic reasons are really
just care about the environment we want
00:40:46.290 --> 00:40:47.989
to change or
00:40:47.989 --> 00:40:48.869
abuse
00:40:48.869 --> 00:40:50.899
electricity for example
00:40:50.899 --> 00:40:54.729
so again a whole series of issues
associated with smartly program that or
00:40:54.729 --> 00:40:55.959
not
00:40:55.959 --> 00:40:58.909
uh... once was the sensor networks
except one thing you should really
00:40:58.909 --> 00:41:00.099
different
00:41:00.099 --> 00:41:02.469
up until uh... recently
00:41:02.469 --> 00:41:06.150
most of the car generated in the united
states essentially generated in
00:41:06.150 --> 00:41:08.239
distributed over collins
00:41:08.239 --> 00:41:12.049
without reaching a point where we are
capable putting generation capability to
00:41:12.049 --> 00:41:13.649
be adjusted
00:41:13.649 --> 00:41:18.059
and he gets even more dramatic when you
go from this photovoltaic candidate
00:41:18.059 --> 00:41:20.419
manpower possibly view
00:41:20.419 --> 00:41:21.459
thermal
00:41:21.459 --> 00:41:25.149
uh... as a generators of electricity in
your home
00:41:25.149 --> 00:41:27.960
now it's more again electric cars
00:41:27.960 --> 00:41:29.389
make began
00:41:29.389 --> 00:41:33.209
so now you have the possibility no
holding power out of the system recharge
00:41:33.209 --> 00:41:36.959
cars were pushing power into the system
that i want to think about control
00:41:36.959 --> 00:41:38.839
theory if you put it in school
00:41:38.839 --> 00:41:42.630
it gets more complicated systems that
will push and pull at the city
00:41:42.630 --> 00:41:45.619
at you know at the same time
00:41:45.619 --> 00:41:47.479
problem that we are
00:41:47.479 --> 00:41:48.819
independently
00:41:48.819 --> 00:41:52.309
uh... every or every household united
states is either generating electricity
00:41:52.309 --> 00:41:53.729
reporting electricity
00:41:53.729 --> 00:41:56.159
hideouts assistant like that
00:41:56.159 --> 00:41:59.209
and so if you're interested in some of
the thinking about that look at my
00:41:59.209 --> 00:42:00.359
grades
00:42:00.359 --> 00:42:04.459
uh... google search on that because the
ideas artists consider actually just
00:42:04.459 --> 00:42:05.429
really
00:42:05.429 --> 00:42:07.300
electrical power generation farther
00:42:07.300 --> 00:42:09.479
so that we live so dependent on one
00:42:09.479 --> 00:42:11.619
uh... singles samples solely
00:42:11.619 --> 00:42:17.549
in a particular area simply right before
it was in all kinds of people here
00:42:17.549 --> 00:42:20.930
this vote leads me to one other thing
about uh...
00:42:20.930 --> 00:42:25.179
Internet him thing that uh... like uh...
mentioned earlier about
00:42:25.179 --> 00:42:26.559
policy
00:42:26.559 --> 00:42:28.690
for the big issues that we have today
00:42:28.690 --> 00:42:29.859
is that
00:42:29.859 --> 00:42:31.099
there are
00:42:31.099 --> 00:42:32.089
countries
00:42:32.089 --> 00:42:35.599
this see how important the Internet is
but they're nervous about it because
00:42:35.599 --> 00:42:36.690
they have since
00:42:36.690 --> 00:42:39.849
democratic ability to let people share
information
00:42:39.849 --> 00:42:41.190
and for some data
00:42:41.190 --> 00:42:44.019
authoritarian regimes that's a threat
00:42:44.019 --> 00:42:47.190
we've seen the outcomes for example in
europe spring
00:42:47.190 --> 00:42:50.060
I'd like to emphasize something for you
mean some people were pounding their
00:42:50.060 --> 00:42:54.180
chests and looking uh... Internet was
that part of or face book and others
00:42:54.180 --> 00:42:54.819
were
00:42:54.819 --> 00:42:57.099
part of the air strain is wonderful
00:42:57.099 --> 00:43:01.039
except the outcomes revolutions don't
always come out where you would like
00:43:01.039 --> 00:43:04.399
and right now we're seeing some pretty
difficult problems in egypt for example
00:43:04.399 --> 00:43:07.959
in libya for example in syria for
example
00:43:07.959 --> 00:43:10.300
uh... he changes of the
00:43:10.300 --> 00:43:11.690
places where the
00:43:11.690 --> 00:43:16.689
the arabs friends started teenage is
probably one which is happy
00:43:16.689 --> 00:43:21.369
i don't use the word placid exactly but
it was more stable
00:43:21.369 --> 00:43:24.449
regime change for the others have been
very very difficult
00:43:24.449 --> 00:43:28.859
so i want to be careful not to
00:43:28.859 --> 00:43:33.059
the role of the Internet analysts as if
it is uniformly positive
00:43:33.059 --> 00:43:37.719
you have to be really thoughtful about
how you recover from major rethinking
00:43:37.719 --> 00:43:39.539
but what this is like to
00:43:39.539 --> 00:43:40.920
is a real debate about
00:43:40.920 --> 00:43:41.759
uh... what
00:43:41.759 --> 00:43:45.379
role governments have in the control of
the Internet
00:43:45.379 --> 00:43:47.900
for all of us uh... in the Internet
world
00:43:47.900 --> 00:43:51.850
uh... historically we've seen this is a
very violent thing multiple stakeholders
00:43:51.850 --> 00:43:52.949
are
00:43:52.949 --> 00:43:54.339
interested him
00:43:54.339 --> 00:43:56.319
making decisions about policy
00:43:56.319 --> 00:43:59.339
they're the ones that are affected by
whether it's a technical community the
00:43:59.339 --> 00:44:00.509
general public
00:44:00.509 --> 00:44:01.829
civil society
00:44:01.829 --> 00:44:04.069
the government's the private sector
00:44:04.069 --> 00:44:06.789
are all having equal state
00:44:06.789 --> 00:44:09.649
him what happens in the policy many
00:44:09.649 --> 00:44:13.009
and yet many of the intergovernmental
institutions like the international
00:44:13.009 --> 00:44:14.630
telecommunications union
00:44:14.630 --> 00:44:17.779
see this is the province of governments
to make policy
00:44:17.779 --> 00:44:22.829
and uh... this is a place where there's
plenty of opportunity for intervention
00:44:22.829 --> 00:44:26.789
they world summit on the information
society which began in two thousand
00:44:26.789 --> 00:44:28.109
three
00:44:28.109 --> 00:44:31.439
began with the premise that there would
be an information society and we were
00:44:31.439 --> 00:44:35.559
seen emerge of its own when did it mean
firmly
00:44:35.559 --> 00:44:36.929
policy point of view
00:44:36.929 --> 00:44:39.949
and the first thing that these
government officials where this is a
00:44:39.949 --> 00:44:41.139
intergovernmental
00:44:41.139 --> 00:44:42.029
discussion
00:44:42.029 --> 00:44:45.539
first thing that they asked was what
information society
00:44:45.539 --> 00:44:46.549
ends there
00:44:46.549 --> 00:44:49.279
people said well the Internet is an
example
00:44:49.279 --> 00:44:51.659
so they said what was in charge of the
Internet
00:44:51.659 --> 00:44:55.319
not nothing could possibly be tuesday
00:44:55.319 --> 00:44:59.169
if it was essentially mentioned we said
well nobody is a distributed system and
00:44:59.169 --> 00:45:00.799
they didn't believe this
00:45:00.799 --> 00:45:03.089
so then they discovered that i can
00:45:03.089 --> 00:45:06.919
because i can't has responsibility for
idea dress allocations and meeting
00:45:06.919 --> 00:45:08.009
management
00:45:08.009 --> 00:45:11.229
and they decided and i can this be a
tragedy
00:45:11.229 --> 00:45:15.019
and then they said it wasn't right if i
can they decided i cant government
00:45:15.019 --> 00:45:18.299
contract with the department of commerce
twenty nine and must be in charge of
00:45:18.299 --> 00:45:19.559
either
00:45:19.559 --> 00:45:23.349
that us is in terms of the Internet
patents sit well with some of the
00:45:23.349 --> 00:45:27.369
country set back pain us attorney unit
has been
00:45:27.369 --> 00:45:29.329
uh... a persistent uh...
00:45:29.329 --> 00:45:31.959
issue since two thousand three
00:45:31.959 --> 00:45:36.579
Internet governance forum was created
out of the world somebody information
00:45:36.579 --> 00:45:40.809
society as a place where we could talk
about issues arising in the inner it's a
00:45:40.809 --> 00:45:43.419
very important multi stakeholder
00:45:43.419 --> 00:45:44.820
system or
00:45:44.820 --> 00:45:45.919
function
00:45:45.919 --> 00:45:47.629
it doesn't make decisions
00:45:47.629 --> 00:45:49.759
this turns out to be really important
00:45:49.759 --> 00:45:53.530
because he'd make decisions if you're if
you drafts uh...
00:45:53.530 --> 00:45:54.589
communiques
00:45:54.589 --> 00:45:58.599
or make recommendations you have to
argue with each other you end up doing
00:45:58.599 --> 00:46:01.060
uh... you know these little words
missing things
00:46:01.060 --> 00:46:04.070
in the end what we want is people going
away understanding what are the issues
00:46:04.070 --> 00:46:07.979
like facing Internet how should they be
dressed in battle
00:46:07.979 --> 00:46:13.569
but not by idea atf_ is their as a way
of surfacing problems helping people
00:46:13.569 --> 00:46:16.389
figure u
00:46:16.389 --> 00:46:21.279
i'm ireland let me just get through
organ international talks non-stop about
00:46:21.279 --> 00:46:24.059
some of you follow the world conference
on
00:46:24.059 --> 00:46:27.579
information technology know that there
was a major earthquake
00:46:27.579 --> 00:46:32.199
this was intended to revise the
international talk on regulations
00:46:32.199 --> 00:46:35.289
which had been touched his nineteen
eighty eight and at that point poorest
00:46:35.289 --> 00:46:35.869
people
00:46:35.869 --> 00:46:38.949
government officials especially when
thinking about you know
00:46:38.949 --> 00:46:42.670
so they didn't take into account what
unit was like and what he could do
00:46:42.670 --> 00:46:44.910
how could subsumed mobile solely
00:46:44.910 --> 00:46:47.850
earlier telecommunications applications
00:46:47.850 --> 00:46:48.749
system
00:46:48.749 --> 00:46:50.079
which it has done
00:46:50.079 --> 00:46:54.949
so they try to revise these things and
the uh... countries that were most
00:46:54.949 --> 00:46:57.389
interested in finding ways to control
00:46:57.389 --> 00:47:01.549
Internet wanted to use the international
telecom regulation revision as a way of
00:47:01.549 --> 00:47:02.469
gaining
00:47:02.469 --> 00:47:03.939
authority over the net
00:47:03.939 --> 00:47:09.319
so they try to put language into a high
tea arms that uh... spoke of spam for
00:47:09.319 --> 00:47:09.950
example
00:47:09.950 --> 00:47:11.719
spoke with security
00:47:11.719 --> 00:47:12.689
smoker
00:47:12.689 --> 00:47:17.289
viruses worms and source well those are
applications that country
00:47:17.289 --> 00:47:20.769
and never in history international talk
i mean you know her
00:47:20.769 --> 00:47:22.329
dot hunt and he was
00:47:22.329 --> 00:47:24.289
it was standardizing telephone
00:47:24.289 --> 00:47:27.849
uh... interaction and originally
delaware interactions
00:47:27.849 --> 00:47:30.439
but it was never responsible for content
00:47:30.439 --> 00:47:33.309
they didn't control what he did say on
the phone
00:47:33.309 --> 00:47:35.829
they only trying to make sure you can
make a phone call
00:47:35.829 --> 00:47:39.559
well i think the Internet to be the same
way that these guys concede that way
00:47:39.559 --> 00:47:41.539
the result of the debate
00:47:41.539 --> 00:47:45.099
was that uh... of the hundred and forty
seven countries
00:47:45.099 --> 00:47:46.899
that attended
00:47:46.899 --> 00:47:50.289
eighty-nine signed the resulting
treating fifty-five walk away including
00:47:50.289 --> 00:47:53.119
the united states which is the right
thing to do
00:47:53.119 --> 00:47:56.870
so if that is the biggest schism
international
00:47:56.870 --> 00:48:00.869
negotiations regarding telecom that's
ever happened in history the iq
00:48:00.869 --> 00:48:04.079
i think it's a very important uh... data
point
00:48:04.079 --> 00:48:07.719
and i think that which actually kind of
take advantage of the fact that there is
00:48:07.719 --> 00:48:08.879
disagreeing
00:48:08.879 --> 00:48:11.180
in order to force people to face it
00:48:11.180 --> 00:48:12.679
at the Internet is different
00:48:12.679 --> 00:48:14.839
approval via the telephone system
00:48:14.839 --> 00:48:17.009
we've been dealt with in the past
00:48:17.009 --> 00:48:20.629
skip over to privacy and safety
00:48:20.629 --> 00:48:25.729
you hear security security security is
an issue on the Internet
00:48:25.729 --> 00:48:29.189
what I'd like to suggest to use that
word causes people to think too much
00:48:29.189 --> 00:48:30.460
about uh...
00:48:30.460 --> 00:48:32.579
national security and think about
00:48:32.579 --> 00:48:35.109
nation state tax and so what would
happen
00:48:35.109 --> 00:48:37.329
cases is not argue that they don't
00:48:37.329 --> 00:48:39.099
but the general public
00:48:39.099 --> 00:48:40.619
goes this way
00:48:40.619 --> 00:48:43.979
at the point where we're talking actual
security
00:48:43.979 --> 00:48:45.020
what they don't
00:48:45.020 --> 00:48:49.269
it fully appreciate is that they are
also part of the problem
00:48:49.269 --> 00:48:51.349
but its safety daycare
00:48:51.349 --> 00:48:54.599
they would like to be feel like they're
safe on the Internet and they don't give
00:48:54.599 --> 00:48:58.299
us a fight because orders policy of
reported
00:48:58.299 --> 00:48:58.900
so i'm
00:48:58.900 --> 00:49:00.279
thinking that we should be
00:49:00.279 --> 00:49:03.579
working out uh... kind of cyber fire
depart
00:49:03.579 --> 00:49:07.559
velvet model i have in my head into
somebody standing in front of his uh...
00:49:07.559 --> 00:49:11.229
his house was burning down and he's got
a garden hose
00:49:11.229 --> 00:49:14.909
and he's taking any somebody with the
rows and more water
00:49:14.909 --> 00:49:18.359
in order for this out in the first thing
the comes to mind is not to call the
00:49:18.359 --> 00:49:19.199
police department
00:49:19.199 --> 00:49:21.219
you call firepower
00:49:21.219 --> 00:49:25.110
so we don't have a sucker for apartment
in for a lot of individuals
00:49:25.110 --> 00:49:28.140
households and small businesses and
everything else they don't have the
00:49:28.140 --> 00:49:30.549
expertise to put out a certified
00:49:30.549 --> 00:49:33.889
they don't know what to do about being
infected within a matter of fact that
00:49:33.889 --> 00:49:37.369
they don't know what to do about cyber
tackled
00:49:37.369 --> 00:49:42.049
and what they have cyber for in incall
00:49:42.049 --> 00:49:44.729
as a business or vigil
00:49:44.729 --> 00:49:47.619
but the rules may have to be different
from what we did when we actually caught
00:49:47.619 --> 00:49:50.849
fire department your neighbor can call
fire department to be seizure house on
00:49:50.849 --> 00:49:51.739
fire
00:49:51.739 --> 00:49:54.539
the fire department feels free to come
in and broke windows in the rules in
00:49:54.539 --> 00:49:57.640
order for the fire because the
neighborhood it is addressed
00:49:57.640 --> 00:49:59.129
so far is out
00:49:59.129 --> 00:50:02.139
but now they have in your competitor
calls a cyber fire department says
00:50:02.139 --> 00:50:06.059
you're under attack cases are fire
department comes out break settling down
00:50:06.059 --> 00:50:09.409
for three days trying to figure out what
the problem is in wilder out of business
00:50:09.409 --> 00:50:11.349
and your competitors flailing
00:50:11.349 --> 00:50:13.240
so the rules for
00:50:13.240 --> 00:50:18.520
uh... indeed start for artwork the
different media before
00:50:18.520 --> 00:50:20.229
for example
00:50:20.229 --> 00:50:22.739
i think it's important in this analogy
is
00:50:22.739 --> 00:50:25.819
the fire department aptly put out the
fire try to figure out why the fire
00:50:25.819 --> 00:50:27.099
started
00:50:27.099 --> 00:50:31.949
interviews are some and suddenly the
police department of the heroes on for
00:50:31.949 --> 00:50:33.239
some gets the ball
00:50:33.239 --> 00:50:35.310
you can imagine a similar kind of
scenario
00:50:35.310 --> 00:50:38.510
something else happens the fire
department economic inspector building
00:50:38.510 --> 00:50:40.989
to see whether or not meet parker
00:50:40.989 --> 00:50:42.890
and we have fire codes for buildings
00:50:42.890 --> 00:50:44.899
and and that you can imagine
00:50:44.899 --> 00:50:46.939
looking for
00:50:46.939 --> 00:50:50.960
advice and even some rules for designing
systems that are safer
00:50:50.960 --> 00:50:52.019
than others
00:50:52.019 --> 00:50:56.279
just like we have rules for doing
buildings that are safer examples forget
00:50:56.279 --> 00:50:59.689
multiple exits entrances for for
safety's sake
00:50:59.689 --> 00:51:03.839
so i think that we are at a period of
time worthless consider
00:51:03.839 --> 00:51:05.059
uh... me
00:51:05.059 --> 00:51:07.939
invention of the summer for a car
00:51:07.939 --> 00:51:09.679
their country of the things here that
00:51:09.679 --> 00:51:10.580
dimension
00:51:10.580 --> 00:51:14.059
i have a few other things to talk about
it also no
00:51:14.059 --> 00:51:15.149
vietnam
00:51:15.149 --> 00:51:16.349
pretty close to having
00:51:16.349 --> 00:51:20.179
borden vols or i can't believe it
00:51:20.179 --> 00:51:21.589
here's the problem
00:51:21.589 --> 00:51:23.970
digital signatures are really attractive
right
00:51:23.970 --> 00:51:27.029
significance and usually sign things
anywhere
00:51:27.029 --> 00:51:29.119
the question is legally
00:51:29.119 --> 00:51:31.949
is is it is a digital signature binding
00:51:31.949 --> 00:51:36.339
and it's not percent clear right now
especially international business
00:51:36.339 --> 00:51:41.149
whether or not a contract has been
signed usually it has weighed in court
00:51:41.149 --> 00:51:44.739
and so there's eighteen missing uh...
00:51:44.739 --> 00:51:45.959
assessment
00:51:45.959 --> 00:51:49.219
uh... either there is legislation does
require
00:51:49.219 --> 00:51:53.680
or the international treaties required
in order to determine whether or not
00:51:53.680 --> 00:51:56.349
digital signature on a contract is
binding
00:51:56.349 --> 00:52:00.309
we don't have uh... agreements yet
cleaning up but i think you would you
00:52:00.309 --> 00:52:01.000
wouldn't have
00:52:01.000 --> 00:52:02.469
words but
00:52:02.469 --> 00:52:05.140
come to some agreement about that
00:52:05.140 --> 00:52:08.259
i'm sure all of you are aware of the
current state of debate on intellectual
00:52:08.259 --> 00:52:09.629
property
00:52:09.629 --> 00:52:11.389
on the path inside
00:52:11.389 --> 00:52:14.119
software patents to turn out to be a
nightmare
00:52:14.119 --> 00:52:17.400
and uh... i think all those who
recognize what that is
00:52:17.400 --> 00:52:21.500
the best example i can give you a wild
and this is important for creativity and
00:52:21.500 --> 00:52:22.519
innovation
00:52:22.519 --> 00:52:24.069
is html
00:52:24.069 --> 00:52:26.380
when the first browsers for me
00:52:26.380 --> 00:52:28.329
even when the timbers needed
00:52:28.329 --> 00:52:32.079
uh... they had to feature the you can
actually asking to show you the html
00:52:32.079 --> 00:52:32.989
source
00:52:32.989 --> 00:52:35.189
and you could figure out how do they do
that
00:52:35.189 --> 00:52:38.689
and then they copied each other and it
was great because you know webmasters
00:52:38.689 --> 00:52:39.920
learn from each other
00:52:39.920 --> 00:52:43.510
they develop new ideas everybody got to
try new things out and give them the
00:52:43.510 --> 00:52:45.039
evolution
00:52:45.039 --> 00:52:47.019
the webpage was pretty dramatic
00:52:47.019 --> 00:52:50.739
over a very short period of time because
people share each other's ideas and use
00:52:50.739 --> 00:52:51.419
it
00:52:51.419 --> 00:52:52.769
of html
00:52:52.769 --> 00:52:56.880
uh... in that's just one example of the
reason why open this has been so
00:52:56.880 --> 00:53:00.369
valuable that's why google makes
open-source available creme brulee
00:53:00.369 --> 00:53:05.799
increment croats for the same reasons
but right now there's a lot of attention
00:53:05.799 --> 00:53:07.309
comes to copyright
00:53:07.309 --> 00:53:08.799
it's a whole other story
00:53:08.799 --> 00:53:11.959
uh... some of you will remember the
uh...
00:53:11.959 --> 00:53:12.769
uh... in the
00:53:12.769 --> 00:53:14.409
our constitution
00:53:14.409 --> 00:53:17.200
the notion of copyright was installed in
there
00:53:17.200 --> 00:53:18.750
as for two reasons
00:53:18.750 --> 00:53:22.069
to benefit the party who had created a
work
00:53:22.069 --> 00:53:24.449
for a limited period of time
00:53:24.449 --> 00:53:26.629
originally was fourteen years
00:53:26.629 --> 00:53:29.989
and if you were the author of something
that you could control who can make
00:53:29.989 --> 00:53:32.099
copies of it for that period of time
00:53:32.099 --> 00:53:35.139
if you were still alive after fourteen
years ago actually had an option to
00:53:35.139 --> 00:53:38.000
extend the copyright again for another
fourteen years
00:53:38.000 --> 00:53:40.509
i think you had to make the payment to
do that
00:53:40.509 --> 00:53:43.130
well what has happened over the whole
and then
00:53:43.130 --> 00:53:45.309
after that period had expired
00:53:45.309 --> 00:53:48.039
the work became part of the public
domain
00:53:48.039 --> 00:53:50.639
intent here to benefit the population
00:53:50.639 --> 00:53:52.190
in the words are in there
00:53:52.190 --> 00:53:56.009
exactly that way what has happened over
the course of a couple of years
00:53:56.009 --> 00:53:59.459
is that the intellectual property
community has extended
00:53:59.459 --> 00:54:01.349
the lifetime
00:54:01.349 --> 00:54:03.470
for but the copyright holder s
00:54:03.470 --> 00:54:06.549
seventy five years after the death of
the office
00:54:06.549 --> 00:54:10.890
this feels a little excessive to me
because it seems to have left out
00:54:10.890 --> 00:54:14.340
the idea that things in the public
domain would benefit the general public
00:54:14.340 --> 00:54:17.079
i think we've been waiting for
00:54:17.079 --> 00:54:20.029
we're seeing similar problems with
passed because we have people fighting
00:54:20.029 --> 00:54:21.229
overpass
00:54:21.229 --> 00:54:24.429
that expanding billions of dollars
00:54:24.429 --> 00:54:27.509
things it probably should have been
patented in the first place i think this
00:54:27.509 --> 00:54:30.619
is a largely approval of software
00:54:30.619 --> 00:54:35.010
so uh... this is a big problem in some
of us into technical world were about
00:54:35.010 --> 00:54:37.049
do indeed with the legal people
00:54:37.049 --> 00:54:40.539
in order to work through the
implications of changing
00:54:40.539 --> 00:54:42.349
love the way these things work
00:54:42.349 --> 00:54:45.669
and final thing i wanted to mention on
the slide has to do with the problem
00:54:45.669 --> 00:54:46.579
that
00:54:46.579 --> 00:54:50.009
uh... we are increasingly creating
digital content
00:54:50.009 --> 00:54:55.159
every day when we use word processing
programs that were used for entry to usa
00:54:55.159 --> 00:54:57.630
uh... presentation software kind or
another
00:54:57.630 --> 00:55:00.409
we create fairly complex digital files
00:55:00.409 --> 00:55:03.859
say this is the big business in those
files were only meaningful with the
00:55:03.859 --> 00:55:06.469
software that created them is available
00:55:06.469 --> 00:55:10.009
and one of the problems that arise this
is an overtime
00:55:10.009 --> 00:55:12.619
that's offering up the executed
00:55:12.619 --> 00:55:14.959
on the machines that you have available
00:55:14.959 --> 00:55:18.339
and so if you carefully stored the bits
and you've moved them from the five
00:55:18.339 --> 00:55:23.259
quarter-inch floppy do the three and a
half incentive you know the uh... dvds
00:55:23.259 --> 00:55:24.319
or cds
00:55:24.319 --> 00:55:29.180
to any and seller if you move the dates
from one begin to another if there is no
00:55:29.180 --> 00:55:32.979
guarantee that the software that created
them will still be money machine that
00:55:32.979 --> 00:55:34.339
you're currently
00:55:34.339 --> 00:55:37.449
using or the operating system that we
currently using
00:55:37.449 --> 00:55:38.679
uh... the uh...
00:55:38.679 --> 00:55:40.759
lol might uh...
00:55:40.759 --> 00:55:42.679
experiment i remember whose
00:55:42.679 --> 00:55:45.379
what happens in this year's three
thousand
00:55:45.379 --> 00:55:47.369
and you've got a google search
00:55:47.369 --> 00:55:50.889
and in turn up in nineteen ninety seven
qar point five
00:55:50.889 --> 00:55:53.829
the question suppose you're running
windows three thousand images for the
00:55:53.829 --> 00:55:55.069
sake of argument
00:55:55.069 --> 00:55:58.359
and the question is will the windows
three thousand package interpreting
00:55:58.359 --> 00:56:02.169
nineteen ninety-seven powerpoint file
correctly answered probably no
00:56:02.169 --> 00:56:05.839
and this is not a gratuitous vega
microsoft even if you're using open
00:56:05.839 --> 00:56:06.799
source
00:56:06.799 --> 00:56:09.289
mechanisms that the other
hundred-percent through the open source
00:56:09.289 --> 00:56:12.729
programs would continue to be compiled
worry machine
00:56:12.729 --> 00:56:14.430
up until the year three thousand
00:56:14.430 --> 00:56:17.969
so there's a real challenge their which
is maintaining the ability to interpret
00:56:17.969 --> 00:56:19.219
the debts
00:56:19.219 --> 00:56:21.529
in scientific data it's even worse
00:56:21.529 --> 00:56:22.589
because he he
00:56:22.589 --> 00:56:27.019
uh... track not only in the distant
cells from in san diego calibration
00:56:27.019 --> 00:56:28.269
instruments
00:56:28.269 --> 00:56:31.429
uh... in the conditions under which the
data was collected
00:56:31.429 --> 00:56:35.019
we don't have a bridging right now
00:56:35.019 --> 00:56:39.509
either a few more that we can retain
information or even that we can get
00:56:39.509 --> 00:56:41.110
access to software
00:56:41.110 --> 00:56:42.999
when the company goes out of business
00:56:42.999 --> 00:56:44.520
or when they with lisa
00:56:44.520 --> 00:56:48.750
a new version is not compatible with the
previous one how do we get access to the
00:56:48.750 --> 00:56:50.689
previous of software
00:56:50.689 --> 00:56:54.599
there are there is no current regime
which recognizes the importance of
00:56:54.599 --> 00:56:55.549
retaining
00:56:55.549 --> 00:56:57.740
uh... access to the scheduled days
00:56:57.740 --> 00:57:00.049
some of you probably saw the movie
lincoln
00:57:00.049 --> 00:57:01.599
and you've ever reading a book
00:57:01.599 --> 00:57:02.689
called
00:57:02.689 --> 00:57:05.659
a team of rivals by doris kearns good
00:57:05.659 --> 00:57:09.359
one of the interesting things about
herblock usage fee reconstructed the
00:57:09.359 --> 00:57:10.930
dialogue with the time
00:57:10.930 --> 00:57:14.140
by going to a hundred different
libraries and finding the lenders
00:57:14.140 --> 00:57:16.670
principles in that uh... story
00:57:16.670 --> 00:57:18.099
had said to each other
00:57:18.099 --> 00:57:22.299
she was able to reconstruct dialogue
based on their imagine the june twenty
00:57:22.299 --> 00:57:26.299
second century and trying to reproduce
what life was like in are twenty first
00:57:26.299 --> 00:57:27.249
century
00:57:27.249 --> 00:57:30.539
everything we've done is scheduled it's
all done it's unacceptable they will
00:57:30.539 --> 00:57:32.649
never be at the moment we work
00:57:32.649 --> 00:57:36.529
we we will not be good ancestors we will
be invisible ancestors
00:57:36.529 --> 00:57:40.369
so we can not this would have to figure
out how to do background
00:57:40.369 --> 00:57:41.049
ocampo
00:57:41.049 --> 00:57:42.839
team well
00:57:42.839 --> 00:57:45.409
you know what
00:57:45.409 --> 00:57:48.179
through getting lazy
00:57:48.179 --> 00:57:49.180
i really feel
00:57:49.180 --> 00:57:52.159
compelled to tell you some of this is it
ok
00:57:52.159 --> 00:57:54.009
uh... so
00:57:54.009 --> 00:57:56.989
this is the thing that's interesting
about the Internet is that despite the
00:57:56.989 --> 00:57:59.010
fact that bomb in a local celebrate
00:57:59.010 --> 00:58:02.809
the fortieth anniversary of the design
00:58:02.809 --> 00:58:06.019
paper was published in may of seventy
four of the original papers written in
00:58:06.019 --> 00:58:08.259
september of seventy three
00:58:08.259 --> 00:58:10.109
and we turn the system on
00:58:10.109 --> 00:58:12.389
on january one nineteen eighty three
00:58:12.389 --> 00:58:16.069
sows an operational for thirty years in
spite of this age
00:58:16.069 --> 00:58:19.139
uh... it has a long pretty dramatically
and there are lots of things that are
00:58:19.139 --> 00:58:23.269
still going on there could be done with
the open flow idea stanford university
00:58:23.269 --> 00:58:27.219
and it begins with is a particularly
interesting example
00:58:27.219 --> 00:58:29.149
you know when we don't balance
00:58:29.149 --> 00:58:31.279
with cisco another still drives
00:58:31.279 --> 00:58:33.069
big is the address base
00:58:33.069 --> 00:58:35.789
on the packets to figure out where they
should welcome so you look at the
00:58:35.789 --> 00:58:39.309
destination addressing look it up in a
cable news where doctor replied the
00:58:39.309 --> 00:58:40.519
cable companies
00:58:40.519 --> 00:58:43.049
fourteen thousand you do that
00:58:43.049 --> 00:58:47.469
mitnick in his guys said wildly limiting
ourselves to the end respects
00:58:47.469 --> 00:58:50.979
it why can't use other events in the
packet to tell us where out things what
00:58:50.979 --> 00:58:54.709
we did look at the other states at all
just look at the content decided how to
00:58:54.709 --> 00:58:55.900
wrap based on that
00:58:55.900 --> 00:58:59.040
as a slightly multitask like ring to it
at that because you can imagine
00:58:59.040 --> 00:59:00.240
announcing
00:59:00.240 --> 00:59:02.399
you were interested in this kind of
content
00:59:02.399 --> 00:59:05.629
and everybody knows that i'm interested
in that kind of content would get copies
00:59:05.629 --> 00:59:08.579
of the package because the drowning
people would say anybody that said they
00:59:08.579 --> 00:59:09.409
wanted
00:59:09.409 --> 00:59:12.059
that content we were back to that
smoking yes
00:59:12.059 --> 00:59:15.909
so what what they have done basically is
open up the notion of routing too much
00:59:15.909 --> 00:59:18.429
broader range possibilities
00:59:18.429 --> 00:59:20.329
this is really powerful stuff
00:59:20.329 --> 00:59:23.739
and i don't have time to go to all the
details of the global
00:59:23.739 --> 00:59:25.650
decided to build an hour
00:59:25.650 --> 00:59:29.509
wide area network backbone that connects
all of our data centers together using
00:59:29.509 --> 00:59:30.639
open flow
00:59:30.639 --> 00:59:33.759
so over a period of about eighteen
months aboard where we work with the
00:59:33.759 --> 00:59:34.890
overflow team
00:59:34.890 --> 00:59:36.349
we actually implemented
00:59:36.349 --> 00:59:40.119
and open for hours and we build
ourselves and we put into operation in
00:59:40.119 --> 00:59:42.709
the backbone latino business together
00:59:42.709 --> 00:59:43.819
it's given us
00:59:43.819 --> 00:59:47.499
substantially better performance in
terms of uh... your station of the
00:59:47.499 --> 00:59:48.449
optical
00:59:48.449 --> 00:59:50.709
uh... network that links are data
centers
00:59:50.709 --> 00:59:55.140
so have very ambitious thing to do
identity do with it some thought that i
00:59:55.140 --> 00:59:59.749
can taken credit don't want you earth
also as our senior vp for information
00:59:59.749 --> 01:00:01.249
for infrastructure
01:00:01.249 --> 01:00:03.519
and his team just landed
01:00:03.519 --> 01:00:05.079
and it's really impressive
01:00:05.079 --> 01:00:10.099
uh... so this is an example of breaking
uh... out over donor card it will
01:00:10.099 --> 01:00:12.909
emulate everything literary robert do
01:00:12.909 --> 01:00:15.669
because use text of the actors
01:00:15.669 --> 01:00:18.840
but the fact is is like any technology
worded
01:00:18.840 --> 01:00:20.959
does the previous thing
01:00:20.959 --> 01:00:23.829
and then because you using new
technology to do the previous thing you
01:00:23.829 --> 01:00:26.739
can send you step in the body of your
life you can do it
01:00:26.739 --> 01:00:28.869
uh... that's very
01:00:28.869 --> 01:00:31.659
uh... another we talked about
configuration management and the
01:00:31.659 --> 01:00:33.839
Internet things
01:00:33.839 --> 01:00:37.019
problem certificates and certification
01:00:37.019 --> 01:00:39.859
a lot of people thought that issuing
certificates should be greatly reduced
01:00:39.859 --> 01:00:41.489
authentication
01:00:41.489 --> 01:00:44.779
but that assumes you can trust you to
get it for recent issues a certificate
01:00:44.779 --> 01:00:46.099
in the first place
01:00:46.099 --> 01:00:48.159
problems you can do you know if you
01:00:48.159 --> 01:00:52.229
isn't the issue where the certificate
can have any string they want to
01:00:52.229 --> 01:00:54.259
associated with the public key
01:00:54.259 --> 01:00:55.659
there was no concern
01:00:55.659 --> 01:00:59.249
and so if you in fact were able to call
wears
01:00:59.249 --> 01:01:02.709
uh... a certificate authority by the
certificate authority over break into a
01:01:02.709 --> 01:01:05.829
certificate is already in generate fall
certificate
01:01:05.829 --> 01:01:11.049
with more microsoft word himself for
providers namely in that certificate and
01:01:11.049 --> 01:01:12.200
then somehow
01:01:12.200 --> 01:01:13.839
issue software
01:01:13.839 --> 01:01:17.469
associated that certificate you can
cause people to mistakenly download and
01:01:17.469 --> 01:01:19.299
install
01:01:19.299 --> 01:01:20.759
well the problem here is
01:01:20.759 --> 01:01:23.069
trust every certificate corey
01:01:23.069 --> 01:01:25.919
now you can try to uh... thought to that
01:01:25.919 --> 01:01:29.719
if you look at your browser and you see
how many certificate authorities are
01:01:29.719 --> 01:01:32.349
uh... are trusted outfits
01:01:32.349 --> 01:01:34.909
it's only and self control
01:01:34.909 --> 01:01:38.549
sold by the other alternative india
atf_ right now is to look at the
01:01:38.549 --> 01:01:41.179
possibility of installing certificates
01:01:41.179 --> 01:01:42.750
intervening system
01:01:42.750 --> 01:01:44.539
using insect
01:01:44.539 --> 01:01:45.669
as a tool
01:01:45.669 --> 01:01:49.069
for making sure that everything going
down to the place where the certificate
01:01:49.069 --> 01:01:53.609
is being installed has been digitally
signed so there's a change dress on top
01:01:53.609 --> 01:01:54.270
of that
01:01:54.270 --> 01:01:59.519
is usually is related to refer to
strings that are related to me
01:01:59.519 --> 01:02:03.159
in which that coddling inserted interest
on
01:02:03.159 --> 01:02:04.389
so if you're
01:02:04.389 --> 01:02:05.869
google dot com
01:02:05.869 --> 01:02:09.899
the only certificates that i could have
a good in cool dot com the second level
01:02:09.899 --> 01:02:10.879
domain
01:02:10.879 --> 01:02:13.830
with her third level domains inside
google dot com
01:02:13.830 --> 01:02:20.340
any other attempts to for certificate
out of that part of the uh... demeaning
01:02:20.340 --> 01:02:21.079
zone
01:02:21.079 --> 01:02:24.010
we have to be rejected out of him
because he
01:02:24.010 --> 01:02:25.990
strain was accredited
01:02:25.990 --> 01:02:27.709
wasn't from its own
01:02:27.709 --> 01:02:30.859
so that's an example of a way of
responding to this story
01:02:30.859 --> 01:02:31.910
let me just mention
01:02:31.910 --> 01:02:35.029
one of the things i want to give you a
quick summary of the year planetary
01:02:35.029 --> 01:02:36.019
system
01:02:36.019 --> 01:02:37.889
uh... p
01:02:37.889 --> 01:02:41.569
uh... those of you who study the history
of competing here remember project
01:02:41.569 --> 01:02:44.279
activity back in the nineteen sixties
01:02:44.279 --> 01:02:47.859
one of the interesting things they did
was to modify and she knows ge six
01:02:47.859 --> 01:02:50.349
thirty five thirty to six forty five
01:02:50.349 --> 01:02:54.349
that had it brings a protection and
their management
01:02:54.349 --> 01:02:57.849
it reads a protection were triggered
whenever you executed as sensitive
01:02:57.849 --> 01:02:59.329
instruction
01:02:59.329 --> 01:03:02.649
that instruction tracked down to the
colonel software and said who r u what
01:03:02.649 --> 01:03:05.529
are you doing here when instruction he
tried to execute and what makes you
01:03:05.529 --> 01:03:08.049
think you have the authority to do that
01:03:08.049 --> 01:03:11.169
and all the colonel would decide whether
or not you were actually allowed to
01:03:11.169 --> 01:03:15.389
execute the instruction in place in the
appropriate reign of control so as you
01:03:15.389 --> 01:03:19.749
got down to ring zero who have more more
control over machine this is an example
01:03:19.749 --> 01:03:23.789
of hardware and software working
together to reinforce security
01:03:23.789 --> 01:03:26.869
we actually have that capability in the
x_-eighty six trips but nobody's
01:03:26.869 --> 01:03:28.049
programming
01:03:28.049 --> 01:03:30.709
and they should be good to know so
that's one example of hardware
01:03:30.709 --> 01:03:32.300
reinforcing security
01:03:32.300 --> 01:03:33.549
with software
01:03:33.549 --> 01:03:37.339
um... the same thing is just happened
recently with uh... violence with
01:03:37.339 --> 01:03:39.019
digitally signed by house
01:03:39.019 --> 01:03:43.349
we can execute people program comes in
the operating system and less
01:03:43.349 --> 01:03:45.700
the digital signature on the five scone
01:03:45.700 --> 01:03:47.139
checks out with her
01:03:47.139 --> 01:03:49.719
it's another example of getting more
reinforcements
01:03:49.719 --> 01:03:53.579
okay hundred skip down to the
interplanetary Internet so we've heard
01:03:53.579 --> 01:03:56.359
about this it was just an update on the
status
01:03:56.359 --> 01:04:00.989
when we started we were interested in
providing better networking for
01:04:00.989 --> 01:04:02.539
uh... exploring mars
01:04:02.539 --> 01:04:06.179
this was in nineteen ninety just after
the pathfinder project
01:04:06.179 --> 01:04:09.750
waited smallholder on mars very
successfully
01:04:09.750 --> 01:04:13.280
the information that was coming back
with strip directly from apple or over a
01:04:13.280 --> 01:04:15.869
wave after through the deep space
network
01:04:15.869 --> 01:04:19.140
and so my colleagues and i had the jet
propulsion laboratory ki
01:04:19.140 --> 01:04:20.589
what should we be doing
01:04:20.589 --> 01:04:23.510
and we will need twenty five years from
now in order to provide better
01:04:23.510 --> 01:04:25.960
networking for uh... p
01:04:25.960 --> 01:04:26.890
uh... space
01:04:26.890 --> 01:04:28.189
faring nations
01:04:28.189 --> 01:04:32.609
and out we very quickly concluded we
should use rich networking like Internet
01:04:32.609 --> 01:04:36.429
no we said well maybe we can use the
cpi_ p hearts on earth so maybe work
01:04:36.429 --> 01:04:37.599
on mars too
01:04:37.599 --> 01:04:41.010
and of course i will work on mars but it
doesn't work between the planets
01:04:41.010 --> 01:04:44.300
because of the variable delay which
could be up to twenty minutes one way
01:04:44.300 --> 01:04:47.179
forty minutes roundtrip and also
destruction
01:04:47.179 --> 01:04:51.039
in the plan is a rotating we have
figured out how to stop that
01:04:51.039 --> 01:04:54.619
sup so if you're talking to something on
the surface of the planet rotates or
01:04:54.619 --> 01:04:55.989
maybe there's an order
01:04:55.989 --> 01:04:58.980
you can talk a little it comes back
around again
01:04:58.980 --> 01:05:03.010
so we end up with this variable the land
destruction environment pcp_ is broke
01:05:03.010 --> 01:05:04.070
in that regard
01:05:04.070 --> 01:05:08.409
so we developed a new initially
protocols we call the bottle protocol
01:05:08.409 --> 01:05:11.849
in recent years we didn't come up with
very beautifully done kentucky fried
01:05:11.849 --> 01:05:17.189
chicken noodle called hotbed birds
period
01:05:17.189 --> 01:05:22.349
just not really giving some final phone
call isn't your planetary world unit
01:05:22.349 --> 01:05:24.859
protocol is winter
01:05:24.859 --> 01:05:27.809
it'll run on basically anything that
moves a packet of dates from one place
01:05:27.809 --> 01:05:32.429
to another runs on top of pcp_ dealers
on top of the vp hearings and cut by p
01:05:32.429 --> 01:05:34.609
was on top of point-to-point links
01:05:34.609 --> 01:05:39.489
do we get after looking for a regions of
the design of the system
01:05:39.489 --> 01:05:44.569
we install it uh... for experimental
purposes uh... but let me go back
01:05:44.569 --> 01:05:47.739
there there was you know in two thousand
four
01:05:47.739 --> 01:05:50.130
over several and in order to him
01:05:50.130 --> 01:05:52.410
very successfully spirit and opportunity
01:05:52.410 --> 01:05:56.429
one of them I'd forget which fear is has
died
01:05:56.429 --> 01:06:00.409
i can read one of his dad the other one
is uh... still producing data
01:06:00.409 --> 01:06:04.419
but when they were uh... first landed
they were supposed to transmit data
01:06:04.419 --> 01:06:07.479
directly back to earth away pathfinder
did
01:06:07.479 --> 01:06:09.699
but those radios overheat
01:06:09.699 --> 01:06:13.019
and the result is that they needed to
reduce the duty cycle to keep it from
01:06:13.019 --> 01:06:16.739
armenia itself or any other equipment
was originally rated at twenty eight
01:06:16.739 --> 01:06:18.359
august second
01:06:18.359 --> 01:06:21.509
and that was nearly scientists were not
happy about that
01:06:21.509 --> 01:06:24.759
when we told we have to reduce the duty
cycle they worry more than happy about
01:06:24.759 --> 01:06:25.679
that
01:06:25.679 --> 01:06:29.189
and so one of the engineer said well
there's an expand radio on the rover
01:06:29.189 --> 01:06:33.039
there's an expand radio on orders which
have been put in place in orders
01:06:33.039 --> 01:06:35.739
uh... certainly the planet to decide
where the rover should go but they
01:06:35.739 --> 01:06:38.249
finish that tested evidence in orbit
01:06:38.249 --> 01:06:41.819
and they had available communications
can computing in memory
01:06:41.819 --> 01:06:46.549
so the the orders and the rover
reprogrammed
01:06:46.549 --> 01:06:50.239
to take data that you collected squared
up to the order when i got into
01:06:50.239 --> 01:06:54.379
with replacement ball into the data for
the transmitted data back
01:06:54.379 --> 01:06:56.619
uh... to the deep space network
01:06:56.619 --> 01:07:00.949
the data rate going on the expand radial
isn't when he told it's the second
01:07:00.949 --> 01:07:03.390
pakistan grading and two fifty six
01:07:03.390 --> 01:07:07.489
and uh... the orders since they have a
large solar arrays and didn't have any
01:07:07.489 --> 01:07:08.180
problem
01:07:08.180 --> 01:07:10.459
even within rowers atmosphere
01:07:10.459 --> 01:07:14.029
could transmit data back it more than
two hundred twenty kept a second
01:07:14.029 --> 01:07:17.809
so all the data that was coming back
from our school in store for
01:07:17.809 --> 01:07:19.569
packet switching
01:07:19.569 --> 01:07:23.549
today demonstration of how well that
could work
01:07:23.549 --> 01:07:26.519
dirt that landed in the year two
thousand eight was in the north pole
01:07:26.519 --> 01:07:30.029
didn't have a configuration of three
factors so they went through the relay
01:07:30.029 --> 01:07:31.039
again
01:07:31.039 --> 01:07:35.599
belly-up the protocols to be a proxy
spacecraft which is in order in the sun
01:07:35.599 --> 01:07:37.779
that had wonderful with two counts
01:07:37.779 --> 01:07:41.339
it was called deep impact originally in
the new new mission bringing to the
01:07:41.339 --> 01:07:42.239
party
01:07:42.239 --> 01:07:44.519
so if as the protocols on board
01:07:44.519 --> 01:07:48.339
rovers at the protocols board your
orders at the protocols word
01:07:48.339 --> 01:07:51.539
international space station has
protocols work
01:07:51.539 --> 01:07:56.349
we're operating basically rudimentary
interplanetary network now
01:07:56.349 --> 01:07:59.370
and so what's happening is that at nasa
01:07:59.370 --> 01:08:01.890
efforts to standardize these protocols
01:08:01.890 --> 01:08:05.479
internationally through the consul
canadian space data systems
01:08:05.479 --> 01:08:09.689
were hoping that everybody will adopt
the protocols use them in their missions
01:08:09.689 --> 01:08:12.759
or even if they don't use among the
nations of the salmon on board so when
01:08:12.759 --> 01:08:15.259
those missions are done
01:08:15.259 --> 01:08:18.809
purpose those devices is known as an
interplanetary back and so we might
01:08:18.809 --> 01:08:21.009
actually see something
01:08:21.009 --> 01:08:22.339
like that
01:08:22.339 --> 01:08:24.799
uh... over you know many decades
01:08:24.799 --> 01:08:28.829
now some people said well you know why
are you doing supports one answers
01:08:28.829 --> 01:08:32.430
provide which options for more complex
missions with multiple
01:08:32.430 --> 01:08:36.569
uh... spacecraft in orbit intend on
foreign you know in orbit
01:08:36.569 --> 01:08:39.749
around the sun for example were flying
out of the solar system
01:08:39.749 --> 01:08:44.119
or possibly on the surface in fact we
get into example of that
01:08:44.119 --> 01:08:47.670
a couple of months ago out of the
european space agency in cooperation
01:08:47.670 --> 01:08:49.819
with the uh... us
01:08:49.819 --> 01:08:54.020
did may test from the uh...
international space station
01:08:54.020 --> 01:08:57.880
using the interplanetary protocols to
control the rover on the ground in
01:08:57.880 --> 01:08:58.889
germany
01:08:58.889 --> 01:09:02.269
so while we were demonstrating is one of
the white if you were in orbit around
01:09:02.269 --> 01:09:03.380
mars
01:09:03.380 --> 01:09:05.719
and you need to control over remotely
01:09:05.719 --> 01:09:09.170
it was close enough to was real-time
interaction so the protocols
01:09:09.170 --> 01:09:12.589
although they can deal with uh...
variable delay are also perfectly ok
01:09:12.589 --> 01:09:14.679
disliking vp
01:09:14.679 --> 01:09:15.680
fine
01:09:15.680 --> 01:09:19.240
so you have a wonder will go right so
that might help build more complex
01:09:19.240 --> 01:09:19.960
missions
01:09:19.960 --> 01:09:22.239
but i have one of the reason for doing
this
01:09:22.239 --> 01:09:25.819
barbour released a contract last year
for half a million dollars
01:09:25.819 --> 01:09:29.400
to a consortium to design a spacecraft
they can get to the nearest star in a
01:09:29.400 --> 01:09:30.589
hundred years
01:09:30.589 --> 01:09:33.639
that's for reflectors away alpha
centauri
01:09:33.639 --> 01:09:38.509
and so uh... i'm lucky to be part of
that consortium in their three problems
01:09:38.509 --> 01:09:40.670
problem number one is propulsion
01:09:40.670 --> 01:09:44.569
uh... it turns out that uh... the
current propulsion systems would take
01:09:44.569 --> 01:09:45.250
about
01:09:45.250 --> 01:09:49.020
sixty five thousand years to get from
earth to alpha centauri
01:09:49.020 --> 01:09:51.429
which is a little won't even for a
darker project
01:09:51.429 --> 01:09:56.199
so the question is how do i get up to
about twenty percent the speed of light
01:09:56.199 --> 01:10:00.969
an ally the way we need to william
slowdown before we get together and
01:10:00.969 --> 01:10:04.489
otherwise we'll get one image in indian
than expected
01:10:04.489 --> 01:10:08.969
so the idea of what you saw them in
going forward so we have to reaches
01:10:08.969 --> 01:10:13.000
speed of about twenty percent speed of
light midpoint fifty years and then be
01:10:13.000 --> 01:10:14.689
able to console them
01:10:14.689 --> 01:10:17.030
to get to work at the evidence that's
one problem
01:10:17.030 --> 01:10:18.919
navigation is another problem
01:10:18.919 --> 01:10:23.570
uh... imagine you know that when we do
interplanetary projects now
01:10:23.570 --> 01:10:26.590
usually the spacecraft get to a certain
point in the mission and you have to do
01:10:26.590 --> 01:10:29.989
in the course sections and we do that is
interactively
01:10:29.989 --> 01:10:33.979
not not not literally real-time we send
the correction information we get back
01:10:33.979 --> 01:10:36.460
to information about the change in me
01:10:36.460 --> 01:10:37.679
uh... flight path
01:10:37.679 --> 01:10:41.790
now imagined for doing this for the
space craft that's not what your way
01:10:41.790 --> 01:10:44.760
so it takes a year for the information
you get there another year for you to
01:10:44.760 --> 01:10:46.729
find out whether or not worker
01:10:46.729 --> 01:10:49.840
instant feel like it was real
interactive on
01:10:49.840 --> 01:10:54.160
so i got worried about that until
somebody pointed out that ecom proper
01:10:54.160 --> 01:10:57.270
motion stars that are within about ten
litres of
01:10:57.270 --> 01:10:59.809
our solar system was actually pretty
woman
01:10:59.809 --> 01:11:04.670
which means that we can do in homestead
additional slightly
01:11:04.670 --> 01:11:07.090
as we can use stars there much farther
away
01:11:07.090 --> 01:11:10.159
as a way of calibrating where we are and
then use that to make a mid-course
01:11:10.159 --> 01:11:11.190
corrections
01:11:11.190 --> 01:11:13.770
so that i was easy that this
communication
01:11:13.770 --> 01:11:17.130
how big the generators signal it would
be detectable order
01:11:17.130 --> 01:11:19.159
from for your support
01:11:19.159 --> 01:11:23.169
uh... you know and also you have to
deliver the equipment to for lives away
01:11:23.169 --> 01:11:26.479
so you have some limitations on message
you can send
01:11:26.479 --> 01:11:30.590
so i've been thinking well maybe eh...
femtosecond lasers mentioned you have a
01:11:30.590 --> 01:11:31.680
hundred what
01:11:31.680 --> 01:11:35.770
power supply and compress a hundred one
signals ten minus fifteen seconds and
01:11:35.770 --> 01:11:37.030
should give you pretty good
01:11:37.030 --> 01:11:38.130
since then
01:11:38.130 --> 01:11:41.890
without even if it's a laser beam isn't
being spread
01:11:41.890 --> 01:11:46.370
over four lightyear distance and i get
this very attenuated bohat false
01:11:46.370 --> 01:11:50.020
attenuated downsizings sewer systems and
now you know i need the interplanetary
01:11:50.020 --> 01:11:51.210
backbone
01:11:51.210 --> 01:11:54.400
is so i can do the synthetic aperture
receiver to detect the signal coming
01:11:54.400 --> 01:11:56.239
from an office in time
01:11:56.239 --> 01:12:01.820
one of the physicist said wait a minute
there's another when it is that
01:12:01.820 --> 01:12:07.050
you know that he that he will be online
stone figure some serious right
01:12:07.050 --> 01:12:11.040
so he said if you go fired fifty
astronomical units away from the senate
01:12:11.040 --> 01:12:15.150
you begin to get the point where the
gravity will form a focal point
01:12:15.150 --> 01:12:16.199
fulfilling
01:12:16.199 --> 01:12:20.479
so we can just get equipment five and
fifty a year out from her
01:12:20.479 --> 01:12:25.039
then we can use the focal uh...
gravitational lands of the sun in order
01:12:25.039 --> 01:12:27.810
to focus the signal is coming office in
time
01:12:27.810 --> 01:12:31.670
so that certain current idea building
planetary
01:12:31.670 --> 01:12:33.079
answered style
01:12:33.079 --> 01:12:36.119
system intergalactic it's somebody
else's trial
01:12:36.119 --> 01:12:39.469
file i i'm sorry when i sent him a
little bit
01:12:39.469 --> 01:12:41.659
speaking talent dizzy and sick about
this
01:12:41.659 --> 01:12:45.539
i happen to spend some time in two and a
biol forgive you if you all the center
01:12:45.539 --> 01:12:46.340
of the way
01:12:46.340 --> 01:12:53.340
but i think in any case for coming to
google c
01:13:03.099 --> 01:13:07.479
mister thank you so much prestige for
another great speech you gave last year
01:13:07.479 --> 01:13:10.040
uh... presented by
01:13:10.040 --> 01:13:13.580
you'll stop
01:13:13.580 --> 01:13:20.559
understand you're and said sorry start
work here
01:13:20.559 --> 01:13:25.419
those are are real meals problems a real
problem is that we can find in our
01:13:25.419 --> 01:13:26.409
discussion
01:13:26.409 --> 01:13:31.659
to those words we actually banda
thinking in uh... in ways that general
01:13:31.659 --> 01:13:36.610
solely anyone masses espy's march
01:13:36.610 --> 01:13:40.139
urich
01:13:40.139 --> 01:13:47.139
uh... if metallic style security xy i
have actually has interactions with the
01:13:47.530 --> 01:13:51.400
department of homeland security which is
actually doing an experiment with the
01:13:51.400 --> 01:13:52.699
sacristy
01:13:52.699 --> 01:13:53.709
notion
01:13:53.709 --> 01:13:57.979
so that i don't know how far they've
gotten into releasing
01:13:57.979 --> 01:14:02.409
functionality to make it available but
my understanding is that they see the
01:14:02.409 --> 01:14:03.550
need for
01:14:03.550 --> 01:14:05.950
uh... the order to avoid the
01:14:05.950 --> 01:14:08.919
small businesses to have a place to go
home to get help
01:14:08.919 --> 01:14:12.489
because the building helped me get today
tends to be
01:14:12.489 --> 01:14:16.840
antivirus operating download which does
help to some degree but all of you sure
01:14:16.840 --> 01:14:18.149
very familiar with
01:14:18.149 --> 01:14:20.929
daisy row attacks which are increasingly
common
01:14:20.929 --> 01:14:25.199
and the other thing i worry about
specifically is the response to suffer
01:14:25.199 --> 01:14:26.250
tak
01:14:26.250 --> 01:14:31.900
if you have a young uh... an attack
wishing let's take it distributed in the
01:14:31.900 --> 01:14:33.600
home services
01:14:33.600 --> 01:14:37.190
uh... if you're interested in responses
i'm going to wipe out this drives a
01:14:37.190 --> 01:14:39.530
volvo machines that are attacking me
01:14:39.530 --> 01:14:43.480
turns out those machines are probably
owned by citizens
01:14:43.480 --> 01:14:45.659
who don't know their machines are
infected
01:14:45.659 --> 01:14:49.489
and be able to wipe out this transit you
know a million people
01:14:49.489 --> 01:14:53.130
some of those uh... machines were
important for daily operation
01:14:53.130 --> 01:14:55.409
and suddenly we have found ourselves and
for
01:14:55.409 --> 01:14:58.219
so that can't be right answers so we
have to think our way through our
01:14:58.219 --> 01:15:00.800
carefully about how we attribute the
source
01:15:00.800 --> 01:15:03.679
and what we do about the case where
01:15:03.679 --> 01:15:08.369
the actual attacking devices are not
under the control actually abusers
01:15:08.369 --> 01:15:12.379
that is still a lot of work to be done
01:15:12.379 --> 01:15:15.269
saying yeah i think in the beginning you
mentioned uh... the next big thing
01:15:15.269 --> 01:15:18.960
possibly people using a device is used
to do
01:15:18.960 --> 01:15:21.829
xyz_ likely music on the same room
01:15:21.829 --> 01:15:26.369
uh... play video record surveillance is
tough on you use your more thoughts
01:15:26.369 --> 01:15:28.830
about about that i'm market myself
01:15:28.830 --> 01:15:30.639
what he said that though
01:15:30.639 --> 01:15:35.329
so what you know one of the things that
i find interesting different one figure
01:15:35.329 --> 01:15:36.780
question suggest
01:15:36.780 --> 01:15:38.789
imagine you're driving in the car
01:15:38.789 --> 01:15:43.800
and uh... you are asking questions like
how do i get to this destination
01:15:43.800 --> 01:15:48.100
uh... the voice message may go to a
speech understanding system
01:15:48.100 --> 01:15:52.070
but the answer may come back on the
navigational display on the car everyone
01:15:52.070 --> 01:15:54.719
that using two devices at the same time
01:15:54.719 --> 01:15:57.870
the way that the system navigational
system
01:15:57.870 --> 01:16:02.969
knows uh... what is the address of the
occasional displays that the system is
01:16:02.969 --> 01:16:06.770
taking her voice is also telling the
destination here the other devices in
01:16:06.770 --> 01:16:07.710
the car
01:16:07.710 --> 01:16:09.630
how about you walk into a hotel room
01:16:09.630 --> 01:16:11.340
animal that was turned on
01:16:11.340 --> 01:16:14.969
animal well discovers a high-resolution
display that below instead of showing
01:16:14.969 --> 01:16:18.290
everything on the train eagle's wing of
the mobile now suddenly put it up on a
01:16:18.290 --> 01:16:20.189
large high-resolution
01:16:20.189 --> 01:16:23.970
so these are all kinds things that i'm
imagine we could do
01:16:23.970 --> 01:16:28.500
access control is clearly an issue do
you want to be lady do that the other
01:16:28.500 --> 01:16:32.280
dining room next door doesn't want to
look at what's on his mama
01:16:32.280 --> 01:16:35.849
uh... on your high-resolution display so
it's clear that we have to do something
01:16:35.849 --> 01:16:36.869
make sure
01:16:36.869 --> 01:16:38.530
uh... things are promptly control
01:16:38.530 --> 01:16:42.619
weird question over here but i a north
microphone just a minute
01:16:42.619 --> 01:16:46.169
thank you for being here and thank you
for your contributions mister sir
01:16:46.169 --> 01:16:52.499
uh... my questions pertaining to see and
following
01:16:52.499 --> 01:16:56.469
seeing ccp underlying sockets interested
01:16:56.469 --> 01:16:58.149
two point
01:16:58.149 --> 01:17:00.379
seriously
01:17:00.379 --> 01:17:05.259
single stream transport consistent
inorder messaging astrology field is the
01:17:05.259 --> 01:17:12.259
right choice speed communicate so first
of all answers
01:17:12.469 --> 01:17:17.290
that one of the reasons that insulin
saying is you can't intended for
01:17:17.290 --> 01:17:23.190
and so and many party p has one for
example http city and town at pcp
01:17:23.190 --> 01:17:25.670
but others are just you pcp
01:17:25.670 --> 01:17:30.449
so committed question no i don't think
the pcp_ is the only thing she begins
01:17:30.449 --> 01:17:33.949
it's a astonishing to me that it has
actually serviced us as well as it
01:17:33.949 --> 01:17:34.730
happens
01:17:34.730 --> 01:17:38.050
when you think about it's set of
constraints and everything else
01:17:38.050 --> 01:17:43.239
but a lot of what happens on the net is
uh... that that uses pcp
01:17:43.239 --> 01:17:46.839
does not necessarily use it for
subsequent actions so they're uniquely
01:17:46.839 --> 01:17:47.800
streams
01:17:47.800 --> 01:17:52.889
party p streams that are activated by
the web based http
01:17:52.889 --> 01:17:58.159
uh... activates a string delivery which
is not over jcp it may be over different
01:17:58.159 --> 01:17:59.080
protocol
01:17:59.080 --> 01:18:00.949
and that's all the right thing
01:18:00.949 --> 01:18:03.860
here i think here is to have protocols
that are
01:18:03.860 --> 01:18:06.969
appropriate to the application that
you're looking for
01:18:06.969 --> 01:18:09.829
uh... so i'm actually encourage people
01:18:09.829 --> 01:18:14.239
to i'll take advantage of fact the
Internet is so open to try things out
01:18:14.239 --> 01:18:18.329
there's nothing that's not to directly
from on building a whole new set of
01:18:18.329 --> 01:18:19.460
applications
01:18:19.460 --> 01:18:22.570
and we see this kind there's a good
example of that where they simply
01:18:22.570 --> 01:18:24.409
download an application
01:18:24.409 --> 01:18:25.699
when you use it
01:18:25.699 --> 01:18:26.719
instead of
01:18:26.719 --> 01:18:29.039
you know anything else in mind that mail
01:18:29.039 --> 01:18:33.249
uh... so handing out frankly I'd be
happy to see people invented protocols
01:18:33.249 --> 01:18:36.579
and do a better job for something soon
ccp candy
01:18:36.579 --> 01:18:43.370
is so amazing to me and it's been so
robust orchestrated time
01:18:43.370 --> 01:18:44.599
out
01:18:44.599 --> 01:18:47.139
action how do you think about privacy
01:18:47.139 --> 01:18:48.560
like well all
01:18:48.560 --> 01:18:52.350
hard times used he he
01:18:52.350 --> 01:18:56.729
in the future is party can be the most
valuable assets
01:18:56.729 --> 01:19:03.599
and that using a commonweal percentages
stations to the usage of the state
01:19:03.599 --> 01:19:06.159
so is it that well first of all we are
intent
01:19:06.159 --> 01:19:10.210
we aware of the importance of preserving
priority and privacy and weak
01:19:10.210 --> 01:19:13.420
paid dearly for a couple of mistakes
that happen
01:19:13.420 --> 01:19:17.380
elected incidental collection of
information when we were doing street
01:19:17.380 --> 01:19:18.689
view
01:19:18.689 --> 01:19:22.730
i think though that privacy is becoming
increasingly hard to protect
01:19:22.730 --> 01:19:26.820
the reason is not because who has
information we will fight very hard for
01:19:26.820 --> 01:19:30.320
to maintain your privacy we have
resisted government demand
01:19:30.320 --> 01:19:34.329
for information more actively and many
other companies and also a whole
01:19:34.329 --> 01:19:35.690
a lot of information
01:19:35.690 --> 01:19:39.489
but we do it ourselves and we take
pictures of them allows we upload onto
01:19:39.489 --> 01:19:40.659
the website
01:19:40.659 --> 01:19:44.550
some people are discovered being in
places where they were doing the people
01:19:44.550 --> 01:19:47.719
you put the pictures that we do this to
every friend but it isn't your friend
01:19:47.719 --> 01:19:48.719
somebody
01:19:48.719 --> 01:19:50.000
was not a
01:19:50.000 --> 01:19:53.950
on your facebook or something somebody
else's fault jobs at a party said he
01:19:53.950 --> 01:19:57.649
wasn't there america's in trouble
because picture a
01:19:57.649 --> 01:20:03.040
so the issue here is learning what part
social conventions should be
01:20:03.040 --> 01:20:06.540
to deal with the fact that we have said
privacy invasion
01:20:06.540 --> 01:20:08.739
uh... teja lodging available to us
01:20:08.739 --> 01:20:10.159
on the google site
01:20:10.159 --> 01:20:13.570
we do use the data to help figure out
how to target as we're very up front
01:20:13.570 --> 01:20:14.770
about that
01:20:14.770 --> 01:20:17.079
but we don't give the day than anybody
else
01:20:17.079 --> 01:20:21.219
some people nationally our business
model is saldana value to somebody else
01:20:21.219 --> 01:20:22.510
is not needed
01:20:22.510 --> 01:20:25.929
your data is inside our system and it
stays there you can get all the data
01:20:25.929 --> 01:20:27.310
back if you want to
01:20:27.310 --> 01:20:31.900
but what is important is that we use the
information to deliver advertising
01:20:31.900 --> 01:20:34.280
which is our business model and
everybody knows that
01:20:34.280 --> 01:20:38.170
hoping that that information to guess
you will actually be of interest to you
01:20:38.170 --> 01:20:40.510
so the purpose behind the information
that we're
01:20:40.510 --> 01:20:41.699
accumulating
01:20:41.699 --> 01:20:46.539
uh... is to deliver advertising which is
more over to you then than just build
01:20:46.539 --> 01:20:47.840
blanket at
01:20:47.840 --> 01:20:51.110
and for many people that kind of
advertising is actually don't you think
01:20:51.110 --> 01:20:55.909
that like advertising it feels like
useful
01:20:55.909 --> 01:20:58.000
and say
01:20:58.000 --> 01:20:59.530
i can't hear it
01:20:59.530 --> 01:21:03.030
hoboken given the microphone
01:21:03.030 --> 01:21:09.269
thank you it's a good sense of those
data using honest i think i think it was
01:21:09.269 --> 01:21:12.429
well let's see if i were politician i
would say that's a hypothetical and i
01:21:12.429 --> 01:21:14.360
don't wanna go ahead
01:21:14.360 --> 01:21:19.209
but it seems to me that that uh... the
data is so important and so uh...
01:21:19.209 --> 01:21:23.600
resilient reviews firstly mystery
present
01:21:23.600 --> 01:21:26.790
uh... that we would in one trial
01:21:26.790 --> 01:21:30.520
if we did that i don't think company
would survive the trip response
01:21:30.520 --> 01:21:32.740
so i'm doubtful certainly the current
01:21:32.740 --> 01:21:34.850
absolutely record
01:21:34.850 --> 01:21:36.919
okay we have time for just or more
01:21:36.919 --> 01:21:40.739
still ahead is that none of them
01:21:40.739 --> 01:21:42.500
uh... thanks again for the talks
01:21:42.500 --> 01:21:46.490
juggle is always of my partner should
actually follows up with a couple go of
01:21:46.490 --> 01:21:50.280
regarding uh... that the future of sort
of uh... Internet protocols at best but
01:21:50.280 --> 01:21:52.249
dynamic nishant works
01:21:52.249 --> 01:21:55.979
uh... certainly you know we have muscles
of mobile phones here but if the gs
01:21:55.979 --> 01:22:00.769
ever wifi goes down the kind of useless
um... and certainly for places where
01:22:00.769 --> 01:22:03.989
sat_ jeopardy and that you know
backbone was ticket down toward a crisis
01:22:03.989 --> 01:22:07.399
situation where the infrastructure has
available the phones and most of these
01:22:07.399 --> 01:22:11.459
devices are not programs to talk to
things that aren't next to so uh... i
01:22:11.459 --> 01:22:13.239
mean yet from what they've done uh...
01:22:13.239 --> 01:22:16.979
standpoint you know what was said to be
involved in giving them so i really love
01:22:16.979 --> 01:22:17.979
the idea
01:22:17.979 --> 01:22:22.789
but while i was still fairly visiting
many dancing on the s
01:22:22.789 --> 01:22:26.590
we prepared a report on public safety
networking and that was exactly one of
01:22:26.590 --> 01:22:28.050
the things we pointed out
01:22:28.050 --> 01:22:31.230
this type of a safety net actors to use
ltv_
01:22:31.230 --> 01:22:34.480
and when things are normally okay that's
probably all right
01:22:34.480 --> 01:22:37.920
but at some point when you have to train
our you know sandy here we have some
01:22:37.920 --> 01:22:39.170
other kind of that
01:22:39.170 --> 01:22:40.610
man made or otherwise
01:22:40.610 --> 01:22:44.880
infrastructure may not be there are all
than for example made even his air can't
01:22:44.880 --> 01:22:48.840
get any of the gasoline or daniel or
what have you the diesel fuel
01:22:48.840 --> 01:22:50.179
direct generators
01:22:50.179 --> 01:22:54.269
i would really love the idea that our
devices could be linked together in a
01:22:54.269 --> 01:22:55.679
message that were
01:22:55.679 --> 01:22:59.150
i think that that's helped the system
argues that homework citizen mesh
01:22:59.150 --> 01:23:01.530
network it's automatically some format
01:23:01.530 --> 01:23:07.349
i'm a big fan cooperating that
capability into on our devices now
01:23:07.349 --> 01:23:10.630
keep in mind that privacy suggest that
we should be encrypting anyway and in
01:23:10.630 --> 01:23:12.320
order to take advantage of that
01:23:12.320 --> 01:23:15.450
you certainly don't want to use a mesh
network in which everybody gets taken by
01:23:15.450 --> 01:23:17.650
a hot dogs and mixed metaphors
01:23:17.650 --> 01:23:18.980
when you try to get one
01:23:18.980 --> 01:23:20.469
at the baseball game
01:23:20.469 --> 01:23:24.400
so uh... you really want to be able to
use and doing capability that i would
01:23:24.400 --> 01:23:27.100
really like the idea incorporating that
01:23:27.100 --> 01:23:31.139
that would make for much more resilient
system
01:23:31.139 --> 01:23:32.949
selling the picture
01:23:32.949 --> 01:23:39.949
okay maybe two more than that i'm ready
to go who's got the money
01:23:40.830 --> 01:23:41.909
following up on that
01:23:41.909 --> 01:23:44.870
uh... it seems that most of our
programming languages ritually
01:23:44.870 --> 01:23:48.670
antiquated their dirtier towards
programming a single clock misco
01:23:48.670 --> 01:23:49.689
computer
01:23:49.689 --> 01:23:52.899
and not on the distributed uh... not not
about
01:23:52.899 --> 01:23:55.889
taking advantage of distribution and
that's
01:23:55.889 --> 01:23:59.379
patents levels of complex and what do
you see I'd heard of a great language
01:23:59.379 --> 01:24:03.429
today bloom coming up quickly
01:24:03.429 --> 01:24:06.340
experimental in which a morning what
else and i personally a big banner
01:24:06.340 --> 01:24:08.650
relying which is twenty years old
01:24:08.650 --> 01:24:13.570
uh... and everybody sees between ketchup
relying so wbc so i don't actually see a
01:24:13.570 --> 01:24:15.629
number of things going on first of all
01:24:15.629 --> 01:24:19.760
we have program on what the court
systems
01:24:19.760 --> 01:24:22.550
m that in itself is a challenge
01:24:22.550 --> 01:24:26.020
uh... the clock speeds are not to keep
going up in the otherwise chips a little
01:24:26.020 --> 01:24:28.230
because too much power goes into them so
01:24:28.230 --> 01:24:32.889
uh... we have to deal with that already
have a google was well that other thing
01:24:32.889 --> 01:24:34.909
is that uh...
01:24:34.909 --> 01:24:38.520
i really like the idea doing parallel
processing
01:24:38.520 --> 01:24:41.260
but look at what we've been able to do
in a very
01:24:41.260 --> 01:24:45.250
on way where we split some tests out
01:24:45.250 --> 01:24:47.499
usable parallel strains
01:24:47.499 --> 01:24:51.500
that doesn't require any special
programming to do that seti at home
01:24:51.500 --> 01:24:53.099
and the protein folding
01:24:53.099 --> 01:24:55.820
uh... activity who simply parity of
simple
01:24:55.820 --> 01:24:57.659
single processor
01:24:57.659 --> 01:25:02.510
software insists it is being executed
simultaneously allied member systems
01:25:02.510 --> 01:25:05.030
a lot of our applications at the same
01:25:05.030 --> 01:25:09.340
we we taped testimony waited up into
large numbers of karo
01:25:09.340 --> 01:25:10.690
uh... processes
01:25:10.690 --> 01:25:15.690
that don't require simultaneously is of
course each corresponding in some
01:25:15.690 --> 01:25:16.739
operation
01:25:16.739 --> 01:25:19.539
we've been able to get away with that
for the kinds of applications that we
01:25:19.539 --> 01:25:20.439
had
01:25:20.439 --> 01:25:23.469
but when we start getting into
large-scale simulations now it is to be
01:25:23.469 --> 01:25:25.760
very different because then you end up
01:25:25.760 --> 01:25:31.889
having uh... either single instruction
stream running against a over i a m data
01:25:31.889 --> 01:25:34.949
that's uh... seven s i n d
01:25:34.949 --> 01:25:37.380
sings traffic stream oracle data stream
01:25:37.380 --> 01:25:43.789
or what you're thinking family more
structures statement strings there are
01:25:43.789 --> 01:25:45.360
languages for that
01:25:45.360 --> 01:25:49.679
but some of them are really archaic one
of those called put near the grand
01:25:49.679 --> 01:25:52.690
amelia four back in the nineteen
seventies
01:25:52.690 --> 01:25:56.210
nobody can figure out how to program
usually hard goodyear sounds like
01:25:56.210 --> 01:25:58.830
something that very few people couldn't
even speak
01:25:58.830 --> 01:26:01.159
seven or something
01:26:01.159 --> 01:26:02.639
thousand a day
01:26:02.639 --> 01:26:05.460
uh... so i suspect that there is real
01:26:05.460 --> 01:26:08.879
for serious sulfur language development
01:26:08.879 --> 01:26:13.989
and it's a challenge for a cm its
members to start pushing direction
01:26:13.989 --> 01:26:17.249
someone actually uh... hope for
01:26:17.249 --> 01:26:20.769
that platforms that are going to become
available will return with force us into
01:26:20.769 --> 01:26:23.959
thinking new kinds of programming
parents
01:26:23.959 --> 01:26:27.489
some of them are result her a-level
languages
01:26:27.489 --> 01:26:30.949
which highlights some of the underlying
simplicity complexity
01:26:30.949 --> 01:26:32.159
of the systems
01:26:32.159 --> 01:26:33.670
so idea
01:26:33.670 --> 01:26:37.920
and maybe you have some ideas to pursue
that better but if you go and others do
01:26:37.920 --> 01:26:41.640
it sure hope that you make a note to the
competency cm
01:26:41.640 --> 01:26:42.980
so we can
01:26:42.980 --> 01:26:45.109
one morning and we really need a break
01:26:45.109 --> 01:26:48.629
his uh... you can follow up on some of
the things you mentioned about ah...
01:26:48.629 --> 01:26:50.530
intellectual property and and
01:26:50.530 --> 01:26:54.510
i'm curious about your views on the
roles of accuser of the government
01:26:54.510 --> 01:26:57.880
releasing you know more of its own
essentially
01:26:57.880 --> 01:27:02.449
uh... at peak is that there is this new
is yet another ticket order about uh...
01:27:02.449 --> 01:27:04.209
that came from the white house about
01:27:04.209 --> 01:27:07.539
releasing opened it and through the
economic potential molly options roundup
01:27:07.539 --> 01:27:11.070
in data uh... hasn't been a lot of
activity a on that front and there's a
01:27:11.070 --> 01:27:14.479
lot more activity on open source in
government as well combat but it can be
01:27:14.479 --> 01:27:17.770
kind of nixon's uh... um... basis
01:27:17.770 --> 01:27:21.900
uh... you know as an example i was i was
reading at some history uh... of arpan
01:27:21.900 --> 01:27:23.649
and there is an example of
01:27:23.649 --> 01:27:27.099
um... bbn which i guess was one of those
who've been companies involved being
01:27:27.099 --> 01:27:28.579
hesitant release
01:27:28.579 --> 01:27:32.550
the uh... stars could i'm behind the
uh... i decided to use the packet
01:27:32.550 --> 01:27:36.809
switching computers um... and eventually
that you know that uh... turn around and
01:27:36.809 --> 01:27:38.959
and stands up and
01:27:38.959 --> 01:27:42.199
but i'm curious to know what if you're
the government what it would really you
01:27:42.199 --> 01:27:45.489
know how do you find the balance between
whose opportunist to use it as
01:27:45.489 --> 01:27:49.639
established in open platform that people
can bowl economic you know
01:27:49.639 --> 01:27:53.590
cap on top of and abductees verses he
did something small you just you know
01:27:53.590 --> 01:27:57.250
it's just a quality piece of software
it's less important what you see of the
01:27:57.250 --> 01:28:01.090
sort of opportunities the bounce
immigration well at first of all a
01:28:01.090 --> 01:28:05.090
little in this uh... big failure opening
01:28:05.090 --> 01:28:10.189
uh... access to publications opening
sister gave reducing
01:28:10.189 --> 01:28:15.159
it was a stiffer and ways to do that not
just a city cm properties
01:28:15.159 --> 01:28:17.550
uh... also in the big thing
01:28:17.550 --> 01:28:20.929
of trying to preserve information i
mentioned that earlier the digital no
01:28:20.929 --> 01:28:23.770
ideas is that one of those
01:28:23.770 --> 01:28:27.059
uh... i think the increasingly
01:28:27.059 --> 01:28:31.110
we're going to find people and capable
of writing their own software we
01:28:31.110 --> 01:28:34.760
wouldn't have remember when spreadsheets
came out way back when they're in their
01:28:34.760 --> 01:28:36.719
yes in the early eighties
01:28:36.719 --> 01:28:40.480
everybody became programmers of
spreadsheets and they had been formally
01:28:40.480 --> 01:28:42.469
trained to write software
01:28:42.469 --> 01:28:46.299
don't go to imagine that as we work our
way up into higher higher level and
01:28:46.299 --> 01:28:49.089
which is that more and more people will
have the ability to either to write
01:28:49.089 --> 01:28:50.979
their own software or share
01:28:50.979 --> 01:28:52.090
with each other
01:28:52.090 --> 01:28:59.090
out so if i think that unless we get
into this uh... dabbled
01:28:59.420 --> 01:29:03.600
preventing people from sharing their
software work sharing what they their
01:29:03.600 --> 01:29:05.590
their intellectual property
01:29:05.590 --> 01:29:08.599
uh... we'll have a higher probability of
uh...
01:29:08.599 --> 01:29:11.429
being able to take advantage of
everybody's
01:29:11.429 --> 01:29:12.510
skills
01:29:12.510 --> 01:29:15.309
via writing software that's open this
more likely
01:29:15.309 --> 01:29:22.309
you source models i don't know whether
they disagree organic
01:29:25.619 --> 01:29:27.319
anderson companies that
01:29:27.319 --> 01:29:30.939
uh... that right software that are
largely funded by government and it's
01:29:30.939 --> 01:29:35.689
and and the softer is not open uh...
over in the same is not open right so so
01:29:35.689 --> 01:29:39.920
well i can tell you that distant cut
this short to the records get outta here
01:29:39.920 --> 01:29:43.329
the government's already spoken at least
itself
01:29:43.329 --> 01:29:44.530
and the white house
01:29:44.530 --> 01:29:46.260
well sdp_ saying
01:29:46.260 --> 01:29:48.409
the government sponsored stuff
01:29:48.409 --> 01:29:50.469
needs to be system
01:29:50.469 --> 01:29:53.599
well you know there are a whole bunch of
questions about winners of the excessive
01:29:53.599 --> 01:29:56.380
over the world to take the get to retain
the data
01:29:56.380 --> 01:29:59.469
per period of time for you start your
own
01:29:59.469 --> 01:30:01.989
but commercial rights are argument
01:30:01.989 --> 01:30:03.550
that shows up
01:30:03.550 --> 01:30:05.570
uh... when you have government contracts
01:30:05.570 --> 01:30:09.880
and grants and things of that kind and
that's a negotiated side if these
01:30:09.880 --> 01:30:13.599
government goes the way it seems to be
in eight years in prison
01:30:13.599 --> 01:30:16.959
for people who were working under
government grant to make available with
01:30:16.959 --> 01:30:17.919
them
01:30:17.919 --> 01:30:21.190
if the general public will still be an
argument over commercial lines
01:30:21.190 --> 01:30:24.800
and so this is not a trivial thing to
respond to that certainly the trend
01:30:24.800 --> 01:30:27.199
right now sockets and her
01:30:27.199 --> 01:30:30.569
okay that's all the time we got a
ninety-two students but thank you very
01:30:30.569 --> 01:30:30.819
much