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evening thank you for coming out to d<u>c</u>
acm's may presentation

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on reinventing the Internet

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i'm andrew conkland cherokee c<u>a</u>c_ m

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it's my pleasure to welcome you to
google d<u>c</u>

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I'd like to take a moment here to think
that people in the dissident possible

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starting with the car let anthony's and
google pc

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I'd also like to think the chapter board
for helping to put this on and

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all the communication they did

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in fact that lake all of them

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stand up right now

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to show who they are

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so feel free a

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uh... please be sure to grab one of a
man to chat with him after this is over

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also that the bank Internet Society for

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uh... the live stream tonight

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and of course uh... the Internet

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for making this possible

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if not for the Internet we would be a
running events through large

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bureaucratic committees

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snail mail

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and we would more than

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close we've more closely adhered to the
by-laws of d<u>c</u> a cm

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uh... that's a half joke

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uh... the association for computing
machinery or a cm dot org is an

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educational scientific computing society
for academics and practitioners in

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computing

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it consists of international chapters
conferences workshops

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special interest groups

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uh... professional development resources
an additional library of white papers

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uh... our chapter

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are chapters focus is

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presented appear which is

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bringing uh... presentations from
academic institutions

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uh... into the community

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professional development for appears

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and participation in the in our local
community

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for the party

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term is almost up uh... this year and i
want to talk a couple of couple

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highlights

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we've had some very interesting
presentations in the past year

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here's a short list of them

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most recently computer vision with

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docked with doctor larry davis at the
university of maryland

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very good talk uh... soft

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cleansing intrusion tolerance wasn't the
one i had no idea about and that was

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about uh...

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virtual machines flops within

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within minutes and then it within forty
five seconds

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with data persistence it was a very very
compelling taught

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and then there's a couple others here
knowledge discovery now analysis

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organizational social capital

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we also a little while back we had a
dinner with richard solomon

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of the free software foundation

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that was so sick at dinner

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and now here's a couple of stats so the
species yummy dot group we started about

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a year ago we now have forty porn twenty
eight members

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there's another meet up group we've been
running called bcn idols which is an

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after-hours

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working community

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self-starter meets once a week

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about a forty attendees we had a a
congressman come out couple weeks ago

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is having us into uh... the capitol
building com complex for core concession

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and there's a lot of interesting doers
and salsa orders that are building

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business ventures

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hobbyists freelance

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and other committee other every week

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recommend checking it out

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and then from i three and a half years
here helping with the c<u>a</u>c_ emma have a

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couple of takeaways

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very obvious ones it would seem on paper

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uh... the first one is

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helped many people around you

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uh... through putting on talks in
putting on professional development

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courses

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a lot of people benefit from it

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and you can do that through this chapter

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the more people people to help

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and you grow because of it

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suv that leads into the next slide

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which is

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called for

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she sees him board numbers candidates

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that santa and in a couple days

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and we are going to have our elections
next month month as well

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and I'd like to take a moment here to
secretly have a community announcement

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they'd like to make

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extender

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i put flyers out on the table out front
this is for the

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university of maryland human-computer
interaction a lab thirty s annual

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symposium coming up next week in college
park ec aisles been doing leading edge

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interface work for decades ob engine
item and found that the the lab it's now

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on its third fourth director it's a
great event and the flyers out there if

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you can't get a flyer disability i olson
posey 'em and you'll find a link to it

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administers the keller

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amanda c<u>e</u>o_ and founder of programming

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uh... it's a new

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all-female software training program in
d<u>c</u>

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uh... cell and going to be hosting
workshops

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and a full ten week uh... programming
fellowship

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for women's learn

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on how to code in python so if anyone is
interested in that town looking for

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supporters

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uh... hiring organizations and student
self company after its just

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and jeff alexander i'm actually on the
board all of the um... technology

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transfer society of d<u>c</u>

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and we're actually having an event at
lunch on wednesday called code breakers

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include makers john hume into is a long
time and please now as i will talk about

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those and other people involved in world
war two

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code development and code breaking uh...
in the war if that the nazis

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uh... lessons we can learn about how to
manage innovation from that experience

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so it sat down southeast universe user
universities association which is just

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over here up on a block away out google
tech transfer society d<u>c</u> chapter no

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find thanks

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payments to a breeze a massive from d<u>c</u>
government

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d<u>c</u> more nurses that helped support
tech sector

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public original basin is that we've got
to work with some terms here

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let me know if you have in a bit company
or if you

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and

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sobered by the sponsors

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i'm mike nelson slumber government and
i'm also very involved in society d<u>c</u>

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chapter

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we're very glad to be

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providing live streaming here but we're
also wanted to announce that next

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thursday twenty-third morning we're
doing an event at the center for

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strategic and international studies
geopolitics Internet governance

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why other people want to take that away
from us

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higham shown themselves and you know
it's uh... to the community d<u>c</u> adjust

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general announcements we have some very
interesting things going on one were

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working with

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uh... teach you to reduce so it's kind
of exciting to do that

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and uh... we also have some interesting
things going on we're working with

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partnering with the smithsonian soon

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uh... we uh... have a couple of that's
coming up soon

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visit our data kennedy d<u>c</u> dot org page

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uh... we'd have

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so if i feel like the governor from
texas

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i forgot

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but there's a lot of great lots going on
there like you to check it

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pickett

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without a for the delay in its my own
urge introduce tonight speaker

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dr irvine surface served as vice
president chief Internet evangelists for

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google since october two thousand five

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surf is a former senior vice president
technology strategy for m<u>c</u>i_

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widely known as one of the fathers of
the Internet surf is the code designer

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of the t c<u>p</u>i_ p protocols in the
architecture of the Internet

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he performed this work during his tenure
with the u<u>s</u> department of defense is

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advanced research projects agency

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surface acquired numerous uh...
accolades over the years in ninety four

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he was listed in people magazine's
twenty five most intriguing people

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ninety seven you received the u<u>s</u>
national medal of technology by

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president clinton

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two thousand for the cm

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during award

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two thousand five the presidential medal
of freedom by president bush

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and twenty thirteen years appointed by
president obama to serve on the national

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science port

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that doctor men served has either
started chairs or is currently a fellow

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at virtually every reputable Internet
technology related association on the

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planet

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if you're looking for a conversation
starter ask him about leonard nimoy

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jet propulsion laboratory

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and what it's like to be married before
the Internet existed

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ladies and gentlemen it's with great
privilege

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i ask you please join me in welcoming
the president of the association for

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computing machinery

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doctor vincent

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well thank you welcome to the uh...
google bc daycare center coffee knows

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all the primary colors everything else

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uh... it's really pressure to really is
it's a story for me started please that

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the uh... htm chapter

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came to us and yesterday was that
possible

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and i certainly appreciate Internet
society sound

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strain of this uh... activity

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uh... this is a special kind of event
for me in a way because three of the

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organizations that i care a great deal
about are represented here high stock

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service

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first president

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pcm racers current president

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uh... where i served as one of the past
presidents of uh... means a lot to me to

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see all three of these organizations

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uh... collaborating together tonight's
event

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uh... i thought i would mention one
thing before the committee formal

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presentation

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uh... that nineteen ninety-four of
people magazine thing was a bit of a

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surprise to me i don't quite know how
the figured out that that was because

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Internet was not terribly widely known
the general public it was

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this is world wide web site show up

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but uh... the irony of all this is that
my wife

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lost her she was three

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got to call their implants won in ninety
six and one in two thousand six ten

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years later

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her story a soldier manickam wonderfully
compelling that they sent the photos

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came out for three days traffickers he
got sixties people

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in nineteen ninety eight and that's
always been the source of your

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suggestion in the house alone i haven't
been able to get back in again

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seconds and what to do it

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mission is that uh... that you'll be
pleased i hope to know

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that Internet and the world wide web
have been rescued

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it's bright store

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uh... source as a major engineering
achievement

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dot that we think of the e<u>c</u> internal
organs being nobel prize in computer

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science but there isn't anything for
engineering

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well system

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there is a queen elizabeth props for
engineering it was uh... established

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last year

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is warranted

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every two years to uh...

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obtuse now up to five people originally
up to three

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uh... but now it's up to five it's a one
million pound crimes that's about a

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million and a half dollars

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by honda conversely mark increasing

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uh...

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leaders are

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all were announces winners of the first

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team field uh...

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hearing his

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and what is done

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very ironic is that

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my wife and are moving to london for six
months it for uh... some work for global

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and

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less than a week

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after we arrived in

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we won't have lunch with the lord mayor
of london

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we will go on it and still line with the
prime minister

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then we will go house where we

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need queen elizabeth and she will be and
each of us a check for two hundred

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thousand pairs

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and that's all

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threat

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is it work

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fun tonight when i thought i would do is
just give you a sense for database of

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the current state of the Internet which
most of you if you are very familiar

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with

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so the transit we can already see are
happy to its only if occasions of those

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trends

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and then some of the problems places
that we all have with him

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not only in interest and i feel
responsible for pursuing

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let's let's start this was some simple
statistics

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uh... these data rather out of date I'd
andy organizations that have been

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producing them had not pleased to my
knowledge produced anything more reason

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although the last time i was a couple
weeks ago so that i could be wrote about

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that

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but the on nine hundred million devices
that are visible on the net with uh...

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domain names and generally speaking
fixed i<u>p</u> addresses are the servers

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that are on the system they don't count
their laptops desktops and other things

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that are episodic reconnected if you add
all those

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uh... then you're getting close to the
two-and-a-half three billion devices of

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others in any way for us to actually you
know that for sure there's no central

249
00:13:44,050 --> 00:13:48,150
registry for many that in terms of the
number of users in mid year last year

250
00:13:48,150 --> 00:13:52,110
was two point four billion my guess is
it could be easy to argue that there are

251
00:13:52,110 --> 00:13:54,450
three billion users now behind

252
00:13:54,450 --> 00:13:58,160
uh... it's all part of town because the
six-and-a-half billion role models that

253
00:13:58,160 --> 00:13:59,290
are out there

254
00:13:59,290 --> 00:14:02,830
uh... some fraction may be on the order
of twenty percent today and probably

255
00:14:02,830 --> 00:14:05,800
fifty or hundred-percent figures from
them

256
00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:10,010
uh... will that help and support from
capability and they'll be able to reach

257
00:14:10,010 --> 00:14:12,290
unity and so a lot of people

258
00:14:12,290 --> 00:14:14,710
are getting onto the Internet with their
first experience

259
00:14:14,710 --> 00:14:17,790
from a while and for many of them may
stay that way

260
00:14:17,790 --> 00:14:23,280
although as time goes on has cost them
their as new technologies arise more and

261
00:14:23,280 --> 00:14:27,600
more people have multiple devices they
can use to interact with the network

262
00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:31,500
so one meaning that I'd like to leave
you with tonight is that i believe that

263
00:14:31,500 --> 00:14:32,380
our

264
00:14:32,380 --> 00:14:37,000
early uh... experience interacting with
that one device at the time

265
00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:41,540
will change over time and that we will
be using mobile devices concurrently

266
00:14:41,540 --> 00:14:43,290
to make use of the net i'm wearing blue

267
00:14:43,290 --> 00:14:46,760
glass today last is connected to the
Internet

268
00:14:46,760 --> 00:14:52,730
uh... actor and often display keep being
distracted but if i cap it on the side

269
00:14:52,730 --> 00:14:57,320
uh... it says uh... is waiting for me to
say something so i'll say okay class

270
00:14:57,320 --> 00:14:59,110
take a picture

271
00:14:59,110 --> 00:15:02,360
it just took the pictures from the
people here this is a voice-activated

272
00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:05,390
device intracranial read about it

273
00:15:05,390 --> 00:15:09,400
uh... we expect to have about with two
thousand mountain news today were

274
00:15:09,400 --> 00:15:12,660
wrapping up to ten thousand by the end
the year

275
00:15:12,660 --> 00:15:15,680
and then we don't

276
00:15:15,680 --> 00:15:20,350
they're not being sold directly people
have to apply it may have to offer a a a

277
00:15:20,350 --> 00:15:24,070
description of what it is a proposed new
what we're interested in doing is

278
00:15:24,070 --> 00:15:28,430
getting these in the hands of people
actually investigators say applications

279
00:15:28,430 --> 00:15:33,020
uh... this week so essendon pay for the
use of the fifteen hundred dollars each

280
00:15:33,020 --> 00:15:33,930
today

281
00:15:33,930 --> 00:15:37,460
I'd have no clue what it's going to look
like in two thousand fourteen to one

282
00:15:37,460 --> 00:15:41,170
posted as the quantities increase the
price p

283
00:15:41,170 --> 00:15:42,390
potentially come down

284
00:15:42,390 --> 00:15:46,400
so these are yet again another time
device connected to the net and one

285
00:15:46,400 --> 00:15:51,650
thing and tonight's discussion is
increasing number of m

286
00:15:51,650 --> 00:15:55,870
propriety of devices that are part of
the Internet environment

287
00:15:55,870 --> 00:15:59,320
interesting statistic again this
familiar last year

288
00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:02,090
is where people are we're using the net

289
00:16:02,090 --> 00:16:06,820
uh... ten years ago north america was
absolutely gorgeous number of users and

290
00:16:06,820 --> 00:16:10,110
as penetration of stalinist penetration

291
00:16:10,110 --> 00:16:12,560
at slightly under uh... eighty percent

292
00:16:12,560 --> 00:16:16,530
but he said has the absolute large
number of users in china has the largest

293
00:16:16,530 --> 00:16:20,540
number users pretty in any one country
they have five hundred billion flight

294
00:16:20,540 --> 00:16:22,009
five hundred million people

295
00:16:22,009 --> 00:16:23,500
half a billion people

296
00:16:23,500 --> 00:16:28,830
are our online in china today that's the
only on the order

297
00:16:28,830 --> 00:16:31,090
maybe four percent population

298
00:16:31,090 --> 00:16:34,060
so you can imagine what that look like
when we get to

299
00:16:34,060 --> 00:16:37,380
eighty percent of several uh... more
than a billion people

300
00:16:37,380 --> 00:16:42,740
on their china so it's interesting you
know we hear all these stories about

301
00:16:42,740 --> 00:16:46,199
the chinese eh... attacks on the napkin

302
00:16:46,199 --> 00:16:49,440
sa which are presumably on true

303
00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:52,810
but at the same time is fair to note
that the

304
00:16:52,810 --> 00:16:56,730
country is making a huge investment in
building Internet infrastructure

305
00:16:56,730 --> 00:16:59,780
so one interesting question from the
sociological point of view was what

306
00:16:59,780 --> 00:17:00,980
happens

307
00:17:00,980 --> 00:17:05,050
when they have this enormous fraction of
the population although i know he will

308
00:17:05,050 --> 00:17:08,319
use the system it will be exchange
information with each other

309
00:17:08,319 --> 00:17:09,860
how does that change

310
00:17:09,860 --> 00:17:14,480
the machines view and i don't know the
answer to that but think this is and

311
00:17:14,480 --> 00:17:16,640
we're watching it very very interesting

312
00:17:16,640 --> 00:17:21,130
sociological experiment with technology
taking place before our eyes this decade

313
00:17:21,130 --> 00:17:22,309
unfolds

314
00:17:22,309 --> 00:17:26,439
i think this is going to be among the
more interesting affect student

315
00:17:26,439 --> 00:17:27,709
observed

316
00:17:27,709 --> 00:17:32,220
europe is the next four just in absolute
number of users although you know

317
00:17:32,220 --> 00:17:36,250
there's a penetration rate is uh...
below the north america

318
00:17:36,250 --> 00:17:39,610
but i've given up making any predictions
about europe because they keep getting

319
00:17:39,610 --> 00:17:42,100
countries to the definition of europe

320
00:17:42,100 --> 00:17:44,900
change and i don't know what it looks
like two years ago

321
00:17:44,900 --> 00:17:45,850
and the other side

322
00:17:45,850 --> 00:17:46,890
those who are the

323
00:17:46,890 --> 00:17:48,410
you can see

324
00:17:48,410 --> 00:17:50,670
that in africa we're still

325
00:17:50,670 --> 00:17:55,330
uh... only modestly penetrated this
numbers is misleading though because i

326
00:17:55,330 --> 00:17:59,150
think that that we have seen a very
rapid growth of mobile homes

327
00:17:59,150 --> 00:18:02,830
in africa i don't know what fraction of
them are Internet cable

328
00:18:02,830 --> 00:18:06,620
probably cell fraction twenty percent
thirty percent or something

329
00:18:06,620 --> 00:18:09,060
and what we're seeing is uh...

330
00:18:09,060 --> 00:18:11,690
individuals or small samples

331
00:18:11,690 --> 00:18:17,010
uh... willing to pay get on and network
or at least again

332
00:18:17,010 --> 00:18:21,480
which is a significant fraction bearer
monthly income

333
00:18:21,480 --> 00:18:24,600
and yet they they do this because of the
time

334
00:18:24,600 --> 00:18:27,990
and so when people who make up stories
about what people do with mobile phones

335
00:18:27,990 --> 00:18:28,950
in africa

336
00:18:28,950 --> 00:18:33,020
and they have things like you're getting
prices in the city certainly figure

337
00:18:33,020 --> 00:18:34,940
hours starcraft best

338
00:18:34,940 --> 00:18:36,179
you know asap

339
00:18:36,179 --> 00:18:40,149
fact is that they're just slightly
higher european social networking review

340
00:18:40,149 --> 00:18:41,550
all the other things we do

341
00:18:41,550 --> 00:18:44,890
of all the data rates that they have
available or more limited so some things

342
00:18:44,890 --> 00:18:47,100
they don't drive streaming video

343
00:18:47,100 --> 00:18:48,910
until the data rates are adequate

344
00:18:48,910 --> 00:18:53,440
but their use is not terribly different
than ours except order patients are on

345
00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:55,480
the whole conditions

346
00:18:55,480 --> 00:18:58,740
well this look now at the current
Internet and see what's happening to

347
00:18:58,740 --> 00:19:03,460
uh... everybody determines well aware
that we ran out of uh... conversion for

348
00:19:03,460 --> 00:19:04,740
interest rates

349
00:19:04,740 --> 00:19:07,520
in february of two thousand one

350
00:19:07,520 --> 00:19:10,410
and uh... that uh... was sort of um...

351
00:19:10,410 --> 00:19:14,070
i don't know that it was an
embarrassment for box i mean there was a

352
00:19:14,070 --> 00:19:15,600
interesting surprised

353
00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:19,789
weblink refers to in the design in
nineteen seventy three forty years ago

354
00:19:19,789 --> 00:19:22,730
and the question came up how how many
addresses should be out on this

355
00:19:22,730 --> 00:19:24,980
experimental Internet

356
00:19:24,980 --> 00:19:28,710
it we didn't know the answer to that so
we said well let's see

357
00:19:28,710 --> 00:19:32,450
how many computers will there be a per
country

358
00:19:32,450 --> 00:19:36,200
at the time we were doing this machines
we are using were big drinker machines

359
00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:39,760
we thought we could meet into any of
those they take a boiler room in there

360
00:19:39,760 --> 00:19:42,049
expensive but we said let's go

361
00:19:42,049 --> 00:19:45,779
be crazy about we allocate twenty four
bits of address space for the machine

362
00:19:45,779 --> 00:19:47,190
sixteen million

363
00:19:47,190 --> 00:19:51,300
you know what we thought was mainframes
per country croats overjoyed

364
00:19:51,300 --> 00:19:53,310
billy said how many countries are there

365
00:19:53,310 --> 00:19:56,080
we didn't know there was no need to look
it up

366
00:19:56,080 --> 00:19:57,850
sold stuff

367
00:19:57,850 --> 00:20:01,669
itself the weekly guest company cartoon

368
00:20:01,669 --> 00:20:04,770
so uh... added that he said well i mean

369
00:20:04,770 --> 00:20:08,390
it's already per country and i thought
well just got the organ it wasn't

370
00:20:08,390 --> 00:20:10,279
exactly expensive yet

371
00:20:10,279 --> 00:20:12,380
so maybe they'll be cooper country

372
00:20:12,380 --> 00:20:16,720
you know it's worked for competition so
we said twenty taxes two fifty six i

373
00:20:16,720 --> 00:20:18,580
take this plus twenty four

374
00:20:18,580 --> 00:20:19,810
thirty two-bit

375
00:20:19,810 --> 00:20:23,710
we actually debated late nineteen
seventy seven just as the Internet

376
00:20:23,710 --> 00:20:27,930
protocols were being standardized
whether we expanded our space what we

377
00:20:27,930 --> 00:20:31,730
wanted very awake addresses in the
programmers hated the idea to sing waste

378
00:20:31,730 --> 00:20:35,179
computer seconds finding difficult in
the packet because the gurgling

379
00:20:35,179 --> 00:20:36,400
to india

380
00:20:36,400 --> 00:20:39,230
uh... then somebody said how about our
twenty-two

381
00:20:39,230 --> 00:20:43,170
address space at the time we were on a
fifty to a bit backbone

382
00:20:43,170 --> 00:20:46,850
and the band frankly an awful lot of
these changes were fully flex

383
00:20:46,850 --> 00:20:49,630
interactions character a character a
complex

384
00:20:49,630 --> 00:20:51,540
it over again

385
00:20:51,540 --> 00:20:55,260
one character going back forth with two
hundred fifty six bases source and

386
00:20:55,260 --> 00:20:56,740
destination address

387
00:20:56,740 --> 00:20:59,990
investment semi

388
00:20:59,990 --> 00:21:03,560
there was not there to visit enough we
all have scared in the mid-nineteen

389
00:21:03,560 --> 00:21:07,850
ninety houston started uh... work on
what was going to be calling p<u>n</u>g_ for

390
00:21:07,850 --> 00:21:09,260
next year

391
00:21:09,260 --> 00:21:10,850
eventually that uh...

392
00:21:10,850 --> 00:21:14,799
produce the ideally six address please
bob blendon others has developed

393
00:21:14,799 --> 00:21:18,340
one hundred twenty eight bits and pieces
sell in a very far away

394
00:21:18,340 --> 00:21:19,589
has been using

395
00:21:19,589 --> 00:21:20,960
are no Internet

396
00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:24,650
and tone down the production version is
now open for any officially released on

397
00:21:24,650 --> 00:21:26,620
june sixth two thousand twelve

398
00:21:26,620 --> 00:21:30,590
i have favored a list of everyone of you
if you will go to whichever eyes p<u>e</u>

399
00:21:30,590 --> 00:21:35,540
surprising with Internet address please
and ask them what the jury piece explain

400
00:21:35,540 --> 00:21:37,890
when can i get i could be six this is
important

401
00:21:37,890 --> 00:21:39,920
because it's very very slow

402
00:21:39,920 --> 00:21:44,280
in terms of penetration mostly because
the i<u>r</u>s_ user about terror

403
00:21:44,280 --> 00:21:47,490
a lot of their software is already
capable routers havent

404
00:21:47,490 --> 00:21:51,830
u<u>p</u>s_ devices have hiking he sticks to
the ice peter turning out there saying

405
00:21:51,830 --> 00:21:52,299
in

406
00:21:52,299 --> 00:21:53,490
disingenuous

407
00:21:53,490 --> 00:21:58,700
nobody's asking for course and asking
for ordered users don't know what he for

408
00:21:58,700 --> 00:21:59,950
eighty six it is

409
00:21:59,950 --> 00:22:01,470
mission hefty

410
00:22:01,470 --> 00:22:05,790
when you do and so if you will help us
embarrass them or force in the too many

411
00:22:05,790 --> 00:22:09,210
people were asking for anything you want
to thank you for that

412
00:22:09,210 --> 00:22:10,980
yeah uh...

413
00:22:10,980 --> 00:22:13,510
does try to explain what the
implications of a hundred and twenty

414
00:22:13,510 --> 00:22:17,700
eight two dresses are remember saying
time that that every electronic universe

415
00:22:17,700 --> 00:22:19,770
could have its own web page

416
00:22:19,770 --> 00:22:24,360
until somebody from cal tech blog
renouncing got cancer futures teddy

417
00:22:24,360 --> 00:22:28,580
electrons in the universe in europe by
fifty orders of magnitude

418
00:22:28,580 --> 00:22:30,560
so i don't say that anymore

419
00:22:30,560 --> 00:22:31,230
uh... yeah

420
00:22:31,230 --> 00:22:34,830
thing is happening is that the maintains
its been bitten in latin characters you

421
00:22:34,830 --> 00:22:35,620
know

422
00:22:35,620 --> 00:22:38,340
can be written in dot characters in it

423
00:22:38,340 --> 00:22:39,820
using the income

424
00:22:39,820 --> 00:22:43,220
carousel which coming two hundred
thousand more characters

425
00:22:43,220 --> 00:22:48,970
that same universities using html amex
and all four of the web so that makes

426
00:22:48,970 --> 00:22:52,929
weapons meaning system much more
compatible

427
00:22:52,929 --> 00:22:58,070
i cut hike in the Internet corporation
for signings and overseas and initiated

428
00:22:58,070 --> 00:23:01,270
program of expansion of the generic
top-level domains

429
00:23:01,270 --> 00:23:04,110
over two thousand applications were
received

430
00:23:04,110 --> 00:23:09,010
for these units many or conflict because
people saint martin's

431
00:23:09,010 --> 00:23:12,810
but uh... certainly on the order of
fifteen hundred of them

432
00:23:12,810 --> 00:23:14,250
uh... are unique

433
00:23:14,250 --> 00:23:17,910
and the question you know it's which
ones will actually become all registered

434
00:23:17,910 --> 00:23:20,950
as top-level domains that process is
simple

435
00:23:20,950 --> 00:23:22,769
so this is a major expansion

436
00:23:22,769 --> 00:23:25,130
uh... the namespace

437
00:23:25,130 --> 00:23:29,750
belly all the standard any system has a
number of or abilities

438
00:23:29,750 --> 00:23:33,300
uh... one of which is uh... poisoning of
the uh...

439
00:23:33,300 --> 00:23:34,860
nameserver cash

440
00:23:34,860 --> 00:23:38,990
and so in order to get rid of borja
geetac and inhibit out the effects of

441
00:23:38,990 --> 00:23:40,580
that kind of poison

442
00:23:40,580 --> 00:23:43,310
database system security uh...

443
00:23:43,310 --> 00:23:48,160
uh... architecture's being deployed
basically it's just been reciting abhi

444
00:23:48,160 --> 00:23:51,010
binding between the two main ninety
address

445
00:23:51,010 --> 00:23:56,710
so when you look up to translate you
dress you can ask for site response

446
00:23:56,710 --> 00:23:58,630
if you get a correct response back

447
00:23:58,630 --> 00:24:01,390
such exim in cricket jackson

448
00:24:01,390 --> 00:24:02,710
uh... is uh...

449
00:24:02,710 --> 00:24:04,820
uh... matches what you expect

450
00:24:04,820 --> 00:24:08,870
then at least you have some confidence
in the integrity of the bundy someone

451
00:24:08,870 --> 00:24:09,990
hasn't gone in

452
00:24:09,990 --> 00:24:13,659
modified that binding or factored into
claims

453
00:24:13,659 --> 00:24:16,840
because they don't have the private t<u>v</u>
would have been used to sign

454
00:24:16,840 --> 00:24:21,370
that cancer that's being deployed around
the entire rooms and is signed

455
00:24:21,370 --> 00:24:24,660
and a number of the second radio talk
over the means

456
00:24:24,660 --> 00:24:25,580
ourself

457
00:24:25,580 --> 00:24:28,330
and some of the second your side as well

458
00:24:28,330 --> 00:24:32,720
a similar idea uh... has come up with
regard to the routing system

459
00:24:32,720 --> 00:24:36,390
no remember that this whole thing was
developed in a time when it was mostly

460
00:24:36,390 --> 00:24:39,049
geeks who are doing work in a trust each
other

461
00:24:39,049 --> 00:24:42,169
now we're in an environment where you
can't do that anymore so it would have

462
00:24:42,169 --> 00:24:43,409
to retrofit

463
00:24:43,409 --> 00:24:45,430
mechanisms that will deal with

464
00:24:45,430 --> 00:24:47,480
possible components

465
00:24:47,480 --> 00:24:51,700
indication running system basically in
order to become part of the net

466
00:24:51,700 --> 00:24:53,809
dissonant notes that you have

467
00:24:53,809 --> 00:24:58,360
you're responsible for keeping track of
the address space total system number

468
00:24:58,360 --> 00:24:59,130
or

469
00:24:59,130 --> 00:25:02,370
and uh... my idea of this uh...

470
00:25:02,370 --> 00:25:03,760
spaces this

471
00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:06,960
and that propagates around through the
routing system the problem is you come

472
00:25:06,960 --> 00:25:07,950
on

473
00:25:07,950 --> 00:25:11,740
and when you lie about this and you look
like a somebody says estates

474
00:25:11,740 --> 00:25:15,800
in order to defend against that it has
been proposed that night it implemented

475
00:25:15,800 --> 00:25:19,400
there we go with a similar kind of
digital binding doing some reading

476
00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:21,470
between the eco-system number

477
00:25:21,470 --> 00:25:24,560
in the idea just based which it is
responsible for

478
00:25:24,560 --> 00:25:27,360
so that when you're doing well and
updates you can actually check to see

479
00:25:27,360 --> 00:25:31,630
where the parties use animals in the
states actually has the authority

480
00:25:31,630 --> 00:25:35,090
there's some complexity this because not
all routing announcements come from the

481
00:25:35,090 --> 00:25:35,880
edge

482
00:25:35,880 --> 00:25:39,720
they propagated through the net so some
of the announcements are coming from

483
00:25:39,720 --> 00:25:42,680
and so you have to be able to verify
that the whole chain

484
00:25:42,680 --> 00:25:45,030
announcement is actually down

485
00:25:45,030 --> 00:25:49,010
and so that makes it somewhat more
complicated which is why hasn't been

486
00:25:49,010 --> 00:25:50,090
deployed yet

487
00:25:50,090 --> 00:25:53,070
it's in the process of being

488
00:25:53,070 --> 00:25:55,640
now i'm going to talk more about sensor
networks

489
00:25:55,640 --> 00:26:00,250
the smartly program and mobile devices
so this is just a reminder again

490
00:26:00,250 --> 00:26:04,490
in our Internet environment these
treatments are rapidly

491
00:26:04,490 --> 00:26:05,769
uh... filling up

492
00:26:05,769 --> 00:26:06,760
system

493
00:26:06,760 --> 00:26:11,080
now we all anchor recognize that devices
are showing up on the net i certainly

494
00:26:11,080 --> 00:26:12,610
had anticipated

495
00:26:12,610 --> 00:26:16,559
uh... he's actually uh... this is an
order striking out the picture larry

496
00:26:16,559 --> 00:26:21,170
page where you go class as another
Internet enabled device

497
00:26:21,170 --> 00:26:24,900
but i can remember being very surprised
if somebody came in and said to me

498
00:26:24,900 --> 00:26:27,659
they had just ended an animal picture
frame

499
00:26:27,659 --> 00:26:31,460
yet and i couldn't imagine what would
that mean all i think it was it sounds

500
00:26:31,460 --> 00:26:35,010
as useless as a electric for kickball

501
00:26:35,010 --> 00:26:40,260
uh... but in fact it's obviously uh...
very useful and many of us at the gym

502
00:26:40,260 --> 00:26:44,230
we have a wellesley upload or pictures
to website pictures are downloaded into

503
00:26:44,230 --> 00:26:45,210
the

504
00:26:45,210 --> 00:26:46,490
with the end of the uh...

505
00:26:46,490 --> 00:26:48,250
Internet naval picture frame

506
00:26:48,250 --> 00:26:51,880
and we have an opportunity to watch
what's going on in the family so it's

507
00:26:51,880 --> 00:26:56,730
kind of a crude form of uh... a little
closer face book inouye insist personal

508
00:26:56,730 --> 00:27:00,150
its opponents actually rather nice for
the grandparents because he can upload

509
00:27:00,150 --> 00:27:02,120
pictures of the grandchildren

510
00:27:02,120 --> 00:27:03,390
nieces and nephews

511
00:27:03,390 --> 00:27:06,810
and see what they're doing bellevue way
this works you know who is in the

512
00:27:06,810 --> 00:27:11,320
downloads the frame down those images
from some website so now securities

513
00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:14,780
issue because of the website gets hacked
the grandparents may see pictures of

514
00:27:14,780 --> 00:27:16,870
what we hope is not the grand jury

515
00:27:16,870 --> 00:27:22,299
so now we have to worry about insecurity
at home as well as it org

516
00:27:22,299 --> 00:27:25,410
uh... there are things that look like
telephones that are really voice over at

517
00:27:25,410 --> 00:27:26,670
the devices

518
00:27:26,670 --> 00:27:30,639
uh... the guy in the middle has built an
Internet enabled surfboard

519
00:27:30,639 --> 00:27:34,929
uh... i don't know about how did it and
send him water waiting for the next wave

520
00:27:34,929 --> 00:27:39,260
thinking you know i had a laptop myself
or it could be surfing the Internet away

521
00:27:39,260 --> 00:27:42,030
let's let's do it as a laptop in this
report

522
00:27:42,030 --> 00:27:45,840
and uh... and then go for the wifi
service back to the rescue check on the

523
00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:46,450
beach

524
00:27:46,450 --> 00:27:48,100
myself as a surprise

525
00:27:48,100 --> 00:27:51,660
so if you want to go surf the net while
you're aware this is for you

526
00:27:51,660 --> 00:27:55,250
paisa tells us that everyone over the
world will someday have an idea dress

527
00:27:55,250 --> 00:27:59,450
and i can tell jokes about that anymore
because somebody sent me and ideally six

528
00:27:59,450 --> 00:28:00,910
radio naval

529
00:28:00,910 --> 00:28:02,700
l<u>e</u>d_ whitehall

530
00:28:02,700 --> 00:28:04,120
uh... and works

531
00:28:04,120 --> 00:28:07,530
uh... i have a a t<u>v</u> sets at work
writing in the house and you can turn

532
00:28:07,530 --> 00:28:09,980
the lights are but that will get it

533
00:28:09,980 --> 00:28:13,409
uh... the interesting thing is that
uh...

534
00:28:13,409 --> 00:28:14,100
this

535
00:28:14,100 --> 00:28:17,090
no one can you turn it off green collars
programmer

536
00:28:17,090 --> 00:28:19,440
you can interrogate find out

537
00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:22,309
so these sorts of things are becoming
reality

538
00:28:22,309 --> 00:28:23,809
so if you on

539
00:28:23,809 --> 00:28:28,160
have only imagine this is a science
fiction of speculation it is not

540
00:28:28,160 --> 00:28:31,460
are in fact uh... you know i just
realized something

541
00:28:31,460 --> 00:28:35,760
he'd seen inside hiding behind it

542
00:28:35,760 --> 00:28:38,899
okay hiking

543
00:28:38,899 --> 00:28:40,160
uh...

544
00:28:40,160 --> 00:28:42,620
so uh... this is my sense is that at
home

545
00:28:42,620 --> 00:28:47,039
uh... this is an i<u>v</u> six radio net it's
uh... commercial pops is not mean that

546
00:28:47,039 --> 00:28:49,649
in the garage over the side of him

547
00:28:49,649 --> 00:28:51,929
uh... the communities is on trial

548
00:28:51,929 --> 00:28:55,130
which is a partner at cisco systems a
couple of years ago

549
00:28:55,130 --> 00:28:58,850
scissor site all wingers

550
00:28:58,850 --> 00:29:00,170
their sampling

551
00:29:00,170 --> 00:29:01,500
the uh...

552
00:29:01,500 --> 00:29:03,020
uh... like level

553
00:29:03,020 --> 00:29:05,990
humidity and temperature in each room in
the house

554
00:29:05,990 --> 00:29:07,310
every five minutes

555
00:29:07,310 --> 00:29:11,510
and that is propagated through this
network sensors so the sensors are

556
00:29:11,510 --> 00:29:13,590
actually store forward realize

557
00:29:13,590 --> 00:29:15,260
they're running six votes

558
00:29:15,260 --> 00:29:17,710
and i i p e six on top of that

559
00:29:17,710 --> 00:29:21,840
and so the date is accumulated in the
server an interactive based

560
00:29:21,840 --> 00:29:26,380
so you're only he can do this right dot
and my father once that is the end of

561
00:29:26,380 --> 00:29:29,790
the year i will have very good
information about how well he had been

562
00:29:29,790 --> 00:29:32,140
awake and air conditioning

563
00:29:32,140 --> 00:29:34,539
instead of anecdotal information may
have

564
00:29:34,539 --> 00:29:37,230
real uh... engineering data story

565
00:29:37,230 --> 00:29:38,929
is an engineering like that

566
00:29:38,929 --> 00:29:41,190
now one of the house is the one side

567
00:29:41,190 --> 00:29:45,729
so that one is a log as the temperature
goes above sixty degrees fahrenheit

568
00:29:45,729 --> 00:29:49,480
i get 'em uh... nasa now some of the
laptop

569
00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:50,970
what is warming up

570
00:29:50,970 --> 00:29:52,660
i remember going into love

571
00:29:52,660 --> 00:29:55,970
lawrence not little argonne national
laboratory

572
00:29:55,970 --> 00:29:59,440
effort three day visit just as i was
walking into the building all of those

573
00:29:59,440 --> 00:30:01,649
opportunities dot com

574
00:30:01,649 --> 00:30:06,029
uh... you know that you just broke into
the sixties resign barrier no one was

575
00:30:06,029 --> 00:30:07,330
home at the time

576
00:30:07,330 --> 00:30:10,760
and so every five minutes for the next
three days i kept getting this little

577
00:30:10,760 --> 00:30:13,010
message the airline is winding up

578
00:30:13,010 --> 00:30:16,940
so i called your truck guys they said
you have remote actuators he said yes

579
00:30:16,940 --> 00:30:19,740
they say they have strong authentication
on them because i have a

580
00:30:19,740 --> 00:30:22,620
fifteen-year-old next door to go on and
messing with my

581
00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:26,929
wine cellar and he said yes so that's
the weekend project to install

582
00:30:26,929 --> 00:30:30,090
benedetto thinking you know i can
probably tell somebody has gone into the

583
00:30:30,090 --> 00:30:33,429
winds are blowing away cuz i can see the
lexicon of her

584
00:30:33,429 --> 00:30:35,620
but i don't know what they didn't care

585
00:30:35,620 --> 00:30:37,970
so ok solution to this

586
00:30:37,970 --> 00:30:41,030
is to put our f<u>i</u>t_ chips on the spot

587
00:30:41,030 --> 00:30:45,770
what then i can do an instantaneous
inventory to see that is why it is what

588
00:30:45,770 --> 00:30:47,990
the seller without my permission

589
00:30:47,990 --> 00:30:49,910
and down I'd miss it

590
00:30:49,910 --> 00:30:53,650
describing this look brilliant design
you and your friends and he told me

591
00:30:53,650 --> 00:30:55,110
there was about

592
00:30:55,110 --> 00:30:58,500
i said winning is about to see what you
can go into the wine cellar red wine and

593
00:30:58,500 --> 00:31:03,610
leave the bob so now we have to put
sensors in the court

594
00:31:03,610 --> 00:31:07,200
and if i was reading that we might as
well sent esters to find out whether one

595
00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:11,330
is ready to drink so before you on the
bottle he would carry the court

596
00:31:11,330 --> 00:31:14,890
and if that's the bala got thirty year
issue something that's the one that

597
00:31:14,890 --> 00:31:19,090
you're doing awesome cuz he doesn't know
the difference

598
00:31:19,090 --> 00:31:23,220
not actually out this sort of thing is
going to be very common

599
00:31:23,220 --> 00:31:25,050
not so everyone's on the part

600
00:31:25,050 --> 00:31:29,000
although if i i i had someone come out
with in prime time

601
00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:31,480
are f<u>i</u>t_ done

602
00:31:31,480 --> 00:31:35,600
uh... yeah apa spartan tanks and we
actually wandered around my cell and we

603
00:31:35,600 --> 00:31:38,640
picked up every single lots of exactly

604
00:31:38,640 --> 00:31:41,050
this is not it's not a crazy idea

605
00:31:41,050 --> 00:31:44,570
uh... the thing is that we will have
sensor networks and use them for

606
00:31:44,570 --> 00:31:47,330
environmental control isn't for security

607
00:31:47,330 --> 00:31:51,020
will use them for variety of things to
only

608
00:31:51,020 --> 00:31:54,480
residence or business or manufacturing
facility

609
00:31:54,480 --> 00:31:56,830
jimmy management control

610
00:31:56,830 --> 00:32:02,310
some of these things will be very much a
part of the union

611
00:32:02,310 --> 00:32:07,420
now there's an interesting question i'm
going to use the sensor network

612
00:32:07,420 --> 00:32:09,590
as it's cool

613
00:32:09,590 --> 00:32:12,340
walking us through bunch of questions

614
00:32:12,340 --> 00:32:14,750
now the questions are very specific to

615
00:32:14,750 --> 00:32:16,720
the notion of sensor network

616
00:32:16,720 --> 00:32:21,450
architecture m large numbers of devices
that have to be configured and access

617
00:32:21,450 --> 00:32:22,600
control

618
00:32:22,600 --> 00:32:24,379
but i want to as we go through

619
00:32:24,379 --> 00:32:25,950
this particular

620
00:32:25,950 --> 00:32:28,980
discussion i want you to be thinking
generally about

621
00:32:28,980 --> 00:32:32,400
Internet enable appliances are all kinds

622
00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:35,020
having maybe managed and controlled

623
00:32:35,020 --> 00:32:37,670
and wanting them to be

624
00:32:37,670 --> 00:32:43,649
isolated from parties to might want to
use them for and nefarious purposes

625
00:32:43,649 --> 00:32:46,850
anything that we don't want is the
headline that says

626
00:32:46,850 --> 00:32:50,850
that there was a get distributed denial
of service attack

627
00:32:50,850 --> 00:32:54,830
against bank of america by every
refrigerator in america

628
00:32:54,830 --> 00:32:58,889
accel we need to be able to think of
ways through

629
00:32:58,889 --> 00:33:01,800
how he will configure install

630
00:33:01,800 --> 00:33:02,729
offering

631
00:33:02,729 --> 00:33:03,840
protect

632
00:33:03,840 --> 00:33:05,420
uh... and also move

633
00:33:05,420 --> 00:33:09,290
move from one place and others to
imagine that you take your places with

634
00:33:09,290 --> 00:33:10,220
you

635
00:33:10,220 --> 00:33:12,260
they have idea dresses and

636
00:33:12,260 --> 00:33:15,140
meeting that will be a new life he
addresses when they were installed new

637
00:33:15,140 --> 00:33:19,220
residents how we do all of that

638
00:33:19,220 --> 00:33:21,710
expecting every single

639
00:33:21,710 --> 00:33:23,270
could become an expert

640
00:33:23,270 --> 00:33:27,100
in configuring nike devices they
shouldn't have to do that you have to

641
00:33:27,100 --> 00:33:28,649
know anything about

642
00:33:28,649 --> 00:33:29,990
and so

643
00:33:29,990 --> 00:33:34,030
what they remove series of design and
operational should there be single

644
00:33:34,030 --> 00:33:34,999
controller

645
00:33:34,999 --> 00:33:39,300
for all the devices should there be a
controller for each class of the bonds

646
00:33:39,300 --> 00:33:42,750
how should we in device u

647
00:33:42,750 --> 00:33:44,939
connect up with the poultry controller

648
00:33:44,939 --> 00:33:49,909
one of your apartment building and
endure controller detects devices that

649
00:33:49,909 --> 00:33:51,679
are in the into an apartment

650
00:33:51,679 --> 00:33:55,700
this is certainly a great we probably
have with that

651
00:33:55,700 --> 00:33:59,830
uh... electric blanket where the two
parties have the control switch

652
00:33:59,830 --> 00:34:03,760
was turning up to get warmer the others
turning down a bit cooler aggressive

653
00:34:03,760 --> 00:34:05,149
across the net

654
00:34:05,149 --> 00:34:09,369
uh... so this is their these questions
that are actually pretty hard

655
00:34:09,369 --> 00:34:12,739
and i think some of us are going to have
to figure out what's the right way to do

656
00:34:12,739 --> 00:34:13,269
it

657
00:34:13,269 --> 00:34:15,179
problem for the on wireless

658
00:34:15,179 --> 00:34:19,059
well depending on where they were
installed you may or may not have been

659
00:34:19,059 --> 00:34:21,940
radio connectivity even just inside the
house

660
00:34:21,940 --> 00:34:25,350
so some of them i have to be wired
summary wireless employees different

661
00:34:25,350 --> 00:34:26,649
frequencies

662
00:34:26,649 --> 00:34:29,149
now this is easy and every device

663
00:34:29,149 --> 00:34:32,799
that is sold to be part of the sensor s

664
00:34:32,799 --> 00:34:36,119
so i have to be adaptable to different
conditions depending

665
00:34:36,119 --> 00:34:38,679
once found a place for install

666
00:34:38,679 --> 00:34:40,220
uh... on the factory floor

667
00:34:40,220 --> 00:34:44,329
uh... there are similar kinds of scale
questions that occurred once again very

668
00:34:44,329 --> 00:34:45,269
important

669
00:34:45,269 --> 00:34:46,700
to make sure that the user

670
00:34:46,700 --> 00:34:50,379
control only by parties that have the
authority to do that you don't want

671
00:34:50,379 --> 00:34:53,509
some random person halfway around the
world turned on

672
00:34:53,509 --> 00:34:56,629
in manufacturing device and possibly or

673
00:34:56,629 --> 00:34:58,089
one of the workers

674
00:34:58,089 --> 00:35:01,339
uh... they are the question is whether
the devices interact with each other

675
00:35:01,339 --> 00:35:04,559
whether they'll be directly nationalized

676
00:35:04,559 --> 00:35:07,999
and here we get into the interesting
example one of the art rock system where

677
00:35:07,999 --> 00:35:10,129
the devices are released for jun

678
00:35:10,129 --> 00:35:11,199
in addition

679
00:35:11,199 --> 00:35:13,149
providing uh...

680
00:35:13,149 --> 00:35:15,459
censored

681
00:35:15,459 --> 00:35:16,869
census data

682
00:35:16,869 --> 00:35:18,269
process today

683
00:35:18,269 --> 00:35:21,260
uh... and then uh... providing it to
some

684
00:35:21,260 --> 00:35:22,219
king lear

685
00:35:22,219 --> 00:35:25,379
but they also are part of that work
which is something to happen

686
00:35:25,379 --> 00:35:27,709
uh... to uh... local radio condition

687
00:35:27,709 --> 00:35:28,890
so on

688
00:35:28,890 --> 00:35:29,950
this is an d

689
00:35:29,950 --> 00:35:33,079
the questions or almost endless

690
00:35:33,079 --> 00:35:34,949
here's some more here

691
00:35:34,949 --> 00:35:36,839
and decide what ideas

692
00:35:36,839 --> 00:35:41,399
they should have you generate the state
using ninety b six presumably because

693
00:35:41,399 --> 00:35:43,059
before useful

694
00:35:43,059 --> 00:35:44,449
but there is a

695
00:35:44,449 --> 00:35:46,729
a question about previous should be

696
00:35:46,729 --> 00:35:49,079
what you have this is the

697
00:35:49,079 --> 00:35:51,130
another remembered

698
00:35:51,130 --> 00:35:55,160
we're out of discovery online discover
other devices that are part of the

699
00:35:55,160 --> 00:35:55,989
system

700
00:35:55,989 --> 00:35:59,939
uh... some of you will know a little bit
about convoluted system works if you use

701
00:35:59,939 --> 00:36:02,099
it you know that we can devices are

702
00:36:02,099 --> 00:36:04,019
in close enough proximity

703
00:36:04,019 --> 00:36:05,610
uh... one of them were

704
00:36:05,610 --> 00:36:07,369
present

705
00:36:07,369 --> 00:36:10,749
which you you enter into the other one
in order to confirm that you want to do

706
00:36:10,749 --> 00:36:11,869
my cv

707
00:36:11,869 --> 00:36:16,709
connected now the question is whether
every device in this garment is uh...

708
00:36:16,709 --> 00:36:19,159
hazardous waste even though we were not

709
00:36:19,159 --> 00:36:22,009
and if it doesn't mean we start thinking
or hawaii

710
00:36:22,009 --> 00:36:25,989
how to manage these things and it could
be the journal while becomes the devices

711
00:36:25,989 --> 00:36:30,559
used not only to control and that also
to configure

712
00:36:30,559 --> 00:36:34,619
and so I'd be in the possibilities here
are fairly uh...

713
00:36:34,619 --> 00:36:35,959
complex

714
00:36:35,959 --> 00:36:39,420
and we're gonna have to figure out how
to make that work

715
00:36:39,420 --> 00:36:43,589
what about what to it's very attracted
to be a little website

716
00:36:43,589 --> 00:36:48,559
and say i would like to using uh...
webpage diminish my devices

717
00:36:48,559 --> 00:36:50,859
and if we standardize things properly

718
00:36:50,859 --> 00:36:55,489
then third parties will be able to offer
service to manager systems fourteen

719
00:36:55,489 --> 00:36:58,189
think about entertainment you know about
you

720
00:36:58,189 --> 00:37:02,089
i have lots of boxes at home and have
infrared controllers for

721
00:37:02,089 --> 00:37:05,139
and usually i fumble around for a while
trying to figure out which controllers

722
00:37:05,139 --> 00:37:06,759
the right one for which box

723
00:37:06,759 --> 00:37:10,389
and when i finally got that right that's
the controller that bad

724
00:37:10,389 --> 00:37:13,230
so if we put all of them are going well
network

725
00:37:13,230 --> 00:37:16,510
and we use the mobile which is also a
little old man is the controller of the

726
00:37:16,510 --> 00:37:19,099
things that happen can be in court

727
00:37:19,099 --> 00:37:23,809
uh... then that means third parties
intervenes english if you'll allow them

728
00:37:23,809 --> 00:37:27,180
would be the manager of the devices and
all you do is go to the web sites and

729
00:37:27,180 --> 00:37:30,529
what the sound of movies please populate
all various devices

730
00:37:30,529 --> 00:37:32,510
which is entertainment country

731
00:37:32,510 --> 00:37:34,129
is of interest to me

732
00:37:34,129 --> 00:37:37,650
so out is just incredibly uh...

733
00:37:37,650 --> 00:37:40,499
rich character what about state
information

734
00:37:40,499 --> 00:37:42,769
if you have uh...

735
00:37:42,769 --> 00:37:45,089
things that are are gathering data about

736
00:37:45,089 --> 00:37:49,619
the temperature humidity levels in my
case or other things about house

737
00:37:49,619 --> 00:37:52,320
you may be able to infer whether
anybody's at home

738
00:37:52,320 --> 00:37:53,879
how many people were home

739
00:37:53,879 --> 00:37:54,770
uh... went up

740
00:37:54,770 --> 00:37:58,299
in the morning on active depending on
what information is available

741
00:37:58,299 --> 00:38:01,519
that could pose a security hazard

742
00:38:01,519 --> 00:38:04,039
especially if they can't figure out
nobody's home

743
00:38:04,039 --> 00:38:07,759
so again this is a question of what
information should be available

744
00:38:07,759 --> 00:38:11,229
who should have access to it and control
that

745
00:38:11,229 --> 00:38:17,369
so there's just goes it's a long long
listed updates that we're cope with

746
00:38:17,369 --> 00:38:20,119
here's another interesting things that
are part of

747
00:38:20,119 --> 00:38:24,469
uh... typically cable provider
configures these things up for you

748
00:38:24,469 --> 00:38:27,219
uh... and it operates the controller
forty

749
00:38:27,219 --> 00:38:31,139
and offers web access is uh... sheila to
control the system

750
00:38:31,139 --> 00:38:34,619
and if so how boxes of these on american
interact with each other like charity

751
00:38:34,619 --> 00:38:35,839
art

752
00:38:35,839 --> 00:38:40,529
so that's a common example but one thing
what happens if we transform decency

753
00:38:40,529 --> 00:38:43,199
devices there i could be sixty

754
00:38:43,199 --> 00:38:46,169
and they have the ability to reach out
and use the Internet in addition to

755
00:38:46,169 --> 00:38:47,230
everything else

756
00:38:47,230 --> 00:38:48,499
now they become

757
00:38:48,499 --> 00:38:52,579
since it could be streaming video from
other sources sending cable television

758
00:38:52,579 --> 00:38:53,479
company

759
00:38:53,479 --> 00:38:57,349
and that interestingly enough creates a
conflict right because the cable t<u>v</u>

760
00:38:57,349 --> 00:39:00,449
guide supplying him with broadband
access to the Internet

761
00:39:00,449 --> 00:39:01,599
discovers that

762
00:39:01,599 --> 00:39:05,349
you're using the broadband Internet to
get access to somebody else's video

763
00:39:05,349 --> 00:39:07,469
which messes up your business model

764
00:39:07,469 --> 00:39:11,229
which leads to a possible or desire to
prevent you from getting video from

765
00:39:11,229 --> 00:39:12,799
anybody but damn

766
00:39:12,799 --> 00:39:16,849
back isn't in the calendar dates and
everything else is a very quickly

767
00:39:16,849 --> 00:39:20,499
as we pursue these technical problems we
also cover

768
00:39:20,499 --> 00:39:21,749
uh... an honors

769
00:39:21,749 --> 00:39:24,659
various policy issues that have to be
resolved

770
00:39:24,659 --> 00:39:27,559
uh... and i've already talked about your
chocolate

771
00:39:27,559 --> 00:39:30,289
so uh... or the other

772
00:39:30,289 --> 00:39:32,589
question is diversity in uniformity

773
00:39:32,589 --> 00:39:36,009
uh... one uniformity is really helpful
because it allows you to your

774
00:39:36,009 --> 00:39:37,299
opportunity

775
00:39:37,299 --> 00:39:40,869
diversity dot is important because you
want to be able to trying new things and

776
00:39:40,869 --> 00:39:44,209
figuring out how to cope with both of us
at the same time

777
00:39:44,209 --> 00:39:46,170
up to be true

778
00:39:46,170 --> 00:39:49,809
this part of it is a program was started
by the department of commerce department

779
00:39:49,809 --> 00:39:51,849
of energy about four years ago

780
00:39:51,849 --> 00:39:57,009
and their initial focus was to create
margaret interoperability panel

781
00:39:57,009 --> 00:39:58,579
to encourage

782
00:39:58,579 --> 00:40:01,730
standards for the devices that are part
of a smart grid

783
00:40:01,730 --> 00:40:05,789
so they can be managed to they could
respond for example to it by saying

784
00:40:05,789 --> 00:40:07,649
that uh...

785
00:40:07,649 --> 00:40:11,519
the uh... power grid was reaching people
and would you please let me go water

786
00:40:11,519 --> 00:40:13,869
earlier condition for a while

787
00:40:13,869 --> 00:40:18,199
this is important because the ability to
control world was not billed

788
00:40:18,199 --> 00:40:22,349
capacity excess capacity that's only a
small percentage of time

789
00:40:22,349 --> 00:40:24,899
and so that's a good or thrilled

790
00:40:24,899 --> 00:40:28,410
capability disability sake please don't
use electricity

791
00:40:28,410 --> 00:40:32,180
but you also have the opportunity to get
to report back on which devices were

792
00:40:32,180 --> 00:40:35,029
used during the course in montana
element

793
00:40:35,029 --> 00:40:38,339
now tell you something about my record
that was what it is and that feedback

794
00:40:38,339 --> 00:40:39,419
loop

795
00:40:39,419 --> 00:40:42,680
is what helps us decide whether we
change our lifestyle

796
00:40:42,680 --> 00:40:46,290
possibly for economic reasons are really
just care about the environment we want

797
00:40:46,290 --> 00:40:47,989
to change or

798
00:40:47,989 --> 00:40:48,869
abuse

799
00:40:48,869 --> 00:40:50,899
electricity for example

800
00:40:50,899 --> 00:40:54,729
so again a whole series of issues
associated with smartly program that or

801
00:40:54,729 --> 00:40:55,959
not

802
00:40:55,959 --> 00:40:58,909
uh... once was the sensor networks
except one thing you should really

803
00:40:58,909 --> 00:41:00,099
different

804
00:41:00,099 --> 00:41:02,469
up until uh... recently

805
00:41:02,469 --> 00:41:06,150
most of the car generated in the united
states essentially generated in

806
00:41:06,150 --> 00:41:08,239
distributed over collins

807
00:41:08,239 --> 00:41:12,049
without reaching a point where we are
capable putting generation capability to

808
00:41:12,049 --> 00:41:13,649
be adjusted

809
00:41:13,649 --> 00:41:18,059
and he gets even more dramatic when you
go from this photovoltaic candidate

810
00:41:18,059 --> 00:41:20,419
manpower possibly view

811
00:41:20,419 --> 00:41:21,459
thermal

812
00:41:21,459 --> 00:41:25,149
uh... as a generators of electricity in
your home

813
00:41:25,149 --> 00:41:27,960
now it's more again electric cars

814
00:41:27,960 --> 00:41:29,389
make began

815
00:41:29,389 --> 00:41:33,209
so now you have the possibility no
holding power out of the system recharge

816
00:41:33,209 --> 00:41:36,959
cars were pushing power into the system
that i want to think about control

817
00:41:36,959 --> 00:41:38,839
theory if you put it in school

818
00:41:38,839 --> 00:41:42,630
it gets more complicated systems that
will push and pull at the city

819
00:41:42,630 --> 00:41:45,619
at you know at the same time

820
00:41:45,619 --> 00:41:47,479
problem that we are

821
00:41:47,479 --> 00:41:48,819
independently

822
00:41:48,819 --> 00:41:52,309
uh... every or every household united
states is either generating electricity

823
00:41:52,309 --> 00:41:53,729
reporting electricity

824
00:41:53,729 --> 00:41:56,159
hideouts assistant like that

825
00:41:56,159 --> 00:41:59,209
and so if you're interested in some of
the thinking about that look at my

826
00:41:59,209 --> 00:42:00,359
grades

827
00:42:00,359 --> 00:42:04,459
uh... google search on that because the
ideas artists consider actually just

828
00:42:04,459 --> 00:42:05,429
really

829
00:42:05,429 --> 00:42:07,300
electrical power generation farther

830
00:42:07,300 --> 00:42:09,479
so that we live so dependent on one

831
00:42:09,479 --> 00:42:11,619
uh... singles samples solely

832
00:42:11,619 --> 00:42:17,549
in a particular area simply right before
it was in all kinds of people here

833
00:42:17,549 --> 00:42:20,930
this vote leads me to one other thing
about uh...

834
00:42:20,930 --> 00:42:25,179
Internet him thing that uh... like uh...
mentioned earlier about

835
00:42:25,179 --> 00:42:26,559
policy

836
00:42:26,559 --> 00:42:28,690
for the big issues that we have today

837
00:42:28,690 --> 00:42:29,859
is that

838
00:42:29,859 --> 00:42:31,099
there are

839
00:42:31,099 --> 00:42:32,089
countries

840
00:42:32,089 --> 00:42:35,599
this see how important the Internet is
but they're nervous about it because

841
00:42:35,599 --> 00:42:36,690
they have since

842
00:42:36,690 --> 00:42:39,849
democratic ability to let people share
information

843
00:42:39,849 --> 00:42:41,190
and for some data

844
00:42:41,190 --> 00:42:44,019
authoritarian regimes that's a threat

845
00:42:44,019 --> 00:42:47,190
we've seen the outcomes for example in
europe spring

846
00:42:47,190 --> 00:42:50,060
I'd like to emphasize something for you
mean some people were pounding their

847
00:42:50,060 --> 00:42:54,180
chests and looking uh... Internet was
that part of or face book and others

848
00:42:54,180 --> 00:42:54,819
were

849
00:42:54,819 --> 00:42:57,099
part of the air strain is wonderful

850
00:42:57,099 --> 00:43:01,039
except the outcomes revolutions don't
always come out where you would like

851
00:43:01,039 --> 00:43:04,399
and right now we're seeing some pretty
difficult problems in egypt for example

852
00:43:04,399 --> 00:43:07,959
in libya for example in syria for
example

853
00:43:07,959 --> 00:43:10,300
uh... he changes of the

854
00:43:10,300 --> 00:43:11,690
places where the

855
00:43:11,690 --> 00:43:16,689
the arabs friends started teenage is
probably one which is happy

856
00:43:16,689 --> 00:43:21,369
i don't use the word placid exactly but
it was more stable

857
00:43:21,369 --> 00:43:24,449
regime change for the others have been
very very difficult

858
00:43:24,449 --> 00:43:28,859
so i want to be careful not to

859
00:43:28,859 --> 00:43:33,059
the role of the Internet analysts as if
it is uniformly positive

860
00:43:33,059 --> 00:43:37,719
you have to be really thoughtful about
how you recover from major rethinking

861
00:43:37,719 --> 00:43:39,539
but what this is like to

862
00:43:39,539 --> 00:43:40,920
is a real debate about

863
00:43:40,920 --> 00:43:41,759
uh... what

864
00:43:41,759 --> 00:43:45,379
role governments have in the control of
the Internet

865
00:43:45,379 --> 00:43:47,900
for all of us uh... in the Internet
world

866
00:43:47,900 --> 00:43:51,850
uh... historically we've seen this is a
very violent thing multiple stakeholders

867
00:43:51,850 --> 00:43:52,949
are

868
00:43:52,949 --> 00:43:54,339
interested him

869
00:43:54,339 --> 00:43:56,319
making decisions about policy

870
00:43:56,319 --> 00:43:59,339
they're the ones that are affected by
whether it's a technical community the

871
00:43:59,339 --> 00:44:00,509
general public

872
00:44:00,509 --> 00:44:01,829
civil society

873
00:44:01,829 --> 00:44:04,069
the government's the private sector

874
00:44:04,069 --> 00:44:06,789
are all having equal state

875
00:44:06,789 --> 00:44:09,649
him what happens in the policy many

876
00:44:09,649 --> 00:44:13,009
and yet many of the intergovernmental
institutions like the international

877
00:44:13,009 --> 00:44:14,630
telecommunications union

878
00:44:14,630 --> 00:44:17,779
see this is the province of governments
to make policy

879
00:44:17,779 --> 00:44:22,829
and uh... this is a place where there's
plenty of opportunity for intervention

880
00:44:22,829 --> 00:44:26,789
they world summit on the information
society which began in two thousand

881
00:44:26,789 --> 00:44:28,109
three

882
00:44:28,109 --> 00:44:31,439
began with the premise that there would
be an information society and we were

883
00:44:31,439 --> 00:44:35,559
seen emerge of its own when did it mean
firmly

884
00:44:35,559 --> 00:44:36,929
policy point of view

885
00:44:36,929 --> 00:44:39,949
and the first thing that these
government officials where this is a

886
00:44:39,949 --> 00:44:41,139
intergovernmental

887
00:44:41,139 --> 00:44:42,029
discussion

888
00:44:42,029 --> 00:44:45,539
first thing that they asked was what
information society

889
00:44:45,539 --> 00:44:46,549
ends there

890
00:44:46,549 --> 00:44:49,279
people said well the Internet is an
example

891
00:44:49,279 --> 00:44:51,659
so they said what was in charge of the
Internet

892
00:44:51,659 --> 00:44:55,319
not nothing could possibly be tuesday

893
00:44:55,319 --> 00:44:59,169
if it was essentially mentioned we said
well nobody is a distributed system and

894
00:44:59,169 --> 00:45:00,799
they didn't believe this

895
00:45:00,799 --> 00:45:03,089
so then they discovered that i can

896
00:45:03,089 --> 00:45:06,919
because i can't has responsibility for
idea dress allocations and meeting

897
00:45:06,919 --> 00:45:08,009
management

898
00:45:08,009 --> 00:45:11,229
and they decided and i can this be a
tragedy

899
00:45:11,229 --> 00:45:15,019
and then they said it wasn't right if i
can they decided i cant government

900
00:45:15,019 --> 00:45:18,299
contract with the department of commerce
twenty nine and must be in charge of

901
00:45:18,299 --> 00:45:19,559
either

902
00:45:19,559 --> 00:45:23,349
that u<u>s</u> is in terms of the Internet
patents sit well with some of the

903
00:45:23,349 --> 00:45:27,369
country set back pain u<u>s</u> attorney unit
has been

904
00:45:27,369 --> 00:45:29,329
uh... a persistent uh...

905
00:45:29,329 --> 00:45:31,959
issue since two thousand three

906
00:45:31,959 --> 00:45:36,579
Internet governance forum was created
out of the world somebody information

907
00:45:36,579 --> 00:45:40,809
society as a place where we could talk
about issues arising in the inner it's a

908
00:45:40,809 --> 00:45:43,419
very important multi stakeholder

909
00:45:43,419 --> 00:45:44,820
system or

910
00:45:44,820 --> 00:45:45,919
function

911
00:45:45,919 --> 00:45:47,629
it doesn't make decisions

912
00:45:47,629 --> 00:45:49,759
this turns out to be really important

913
00:45:49,759 --> 00:45:53,530
because he'd make decisions if you're if
you drafts uh...

914
00:45:53,530 --> 00:45:54,589
communiques

915
00:45:54,589 --> 00:45:58,599
or make recommendations you have to
argue with each other you end up doing

916
00:45:58,599 --> 00:46:01,060
uh... you know these little words
missing things

917
00:46:01,060 --> 00:46:04,070
in the end what we want is people going
away understanding what are the issues

918
00:46:04,070 --> 00:46:07,979
like facing Internet how should they be
dressed in battle

919
00:46:07,979 --> 00:46:13,569
but not by idea a<u>t</u>f_ is their as a way
of surfacing problems helping people

920
00:46:13,569 --> 00:46:16,389
figure u

921
00:46:16,389 --> 00:46:21,279
i'm ireland let me just get through
organ international talks non-stop about

922
00:46:21,279 --> 00:46:24,059
some of you follow the world conference
on

923
00:46:24,059 --> 00:46:27,579
information technology know that there
was a major earthquake

924
00:46:27,579 --> 00:46:32,199
this was intended to revise the
international talk on regulations

925
00:46:32,199 --> 00:46:35,289
which had been touched his nineteen
eighty eight and at that point poorest

926
00:46:35,289 --> 00:46:35,869
people

927
00:46:35,869 --> 00:46:38,949
government officials especially when
thinking about you know

928
00:46:38,949 --> 00:46:42,670
so they didn't take into account what
unit was like and what he could do

929
00:46:42,670 --> 00:46:44,910
how could subsumed mobile solely

930
00:46:44,910 --> 00:46:47,850
earlier telecommunications applications

931
00:46:47,850 --> 00:46:48,749
system

932
00:46:48,749 --> 00:46:50,079
which it has done

933
00:46:50,079 --> 00:46:54,949
so they try to revise these things and
the uh... countries that were most

934
00:46:54,949 --> 00:46:57,389
interested in finding ways to control

935
00:46:57,389 --> 00:47:01,549
Internet wanted to use the international
telecom regulation revision as a way of

936
00:47:01,549 --> 00:47:02,469
gaining

937
00:47:02,469 --> 00:47:03,939
authority over the net

938
00:47:03,939 --> 00:47:09,319
so they try to put language into a high
tea arms that uh... spoke of spam for

939
00:47:09,319 --> 00:47:09,950
example

940
00:47:09,950 --> 00:47:11,719
spoke with security

941
00:47:11,719 --> 00:47:12,689
smoker

942
00:47:12,689 --> 00:47:17,289
viruses worms and source well those are
applications that country

943
00:47:17,289 --> 00:47:20,769
and never in history international talk
i mean you know her

944
00:47:20,769 --> 00:47:22,329
dot hunt and he was

945
00:47:22,329 --> 00:47:24,289
it was standardizing telephone

946
00:47:24,289 --> 00:47:27,849
uh... interaction and originally
delaware interactions

947
00:47:27,849 --> 00:47:30,439
but it was never responsible for content

948
00:47:30,439 --> 00:47:33,309
they didn't control what he did say on
the phone

949
00:47:33,309 --> 00:47:35,829
they only trying to make sure you can
make a phone call

950
00:47:35,829 --> 00:47:39,559
well i think the Internet to be the same
way that these guys concede that way

951
00:47:39,559 --> 00:47:41,539
the result of the debate

952
00:47:41,539 --> 00:47:45,099
was that uh... of the hundred and forty
seven countries

953
00:47:45,099 --> 00:47:46,899
that attended

954
00:47:46,899 --> 00:47:50,289
eighty-nine signed the resulting
treating fifty-five walk away including

955
00:47:50,289 --> 00:47:53,119
the united states which is the right
thing to do

956
00:47:53,119 --> 00:47:56,870
so if that is the biggest schism
international

957
00:47:56,870 --> 00:48:00,869
negotiations regarding telecom that's
ever happened in history the i<u>q</u>

958
00:48:00,869 --> 00:48:04,079
i think it's a very important uh... data
point

959
00:48:04,079 --> 00:48:07,719
and i think that which actually kind of
take advantage of the fact that there is

960
00:48:07,719 --> 00:48:08,879
disagreeing

961
00:48:08,879 --> 00:48:11,180
in order to force people to face it

962
00:48:11,180 --> 00:48:12,679
at the Internet is different

963
00:48:12,679 --> 00:48:14,839
approval via the telephone system

964
00:48:14,839 --> 00:48:17,009
we've been dealt with in the past

965
00:48:17,009 --> 00:48:20,629
skip over to privacy and safety

966
00:48:20,629 --> 00:48:25,729
you hear security security security is
an issue on the Internet

967
00:48:25,729 --> 00:48:29,189
what I'd like to suggest to use that
word causes people to think too much

968
00:48:29,189 --> 00:48:30,460
about uh...

969
00:48:30,460 --> 00:48:32,579
national security and think about

970
00:48:32,579 --> 00:48:35,109
nation state tax and so what would
happen

971
00:48:35,109 --> 00:48:37,329
cases is not argue that they don't

972
00:48:37,329 --> 00:48:39,099
but the general public

973
00:48:39,099 --> 00:48:40,619
goes this way

974
00:48:40,619 --> 00:48:43,979
at the point where we're talking actual
security

975
00:48:43,979 --> 00:48:45,020
what they don't

976
00:48:45,020 --> 00:48:49,269
it fully appreciate is that they are
also part of the problem

977
00:48:49,269 --> 00:48:51,349
but its safety daycare

978
00:48:51,349 --> 00:48:54,599
they would like to be feel like they're
safe on the Internet and they don't give

979
00:48:54,599 --> 00:48:58,299
us a fight because orders policy of
reported

980
00:48:58,299 --> 00:48:58,900
so i'm

981
00:48:58,900 --> 00:49:00,279
thinking that we should be

982
00:49:00,279 --> 00:49:03,579
working out uh... kind of cyber fire
depart

983
00:49:03,579 --> 00:49:07,559
velvet model i have in my head into
somebody standing in front of his uh...

984
00:49:07,559 --> 00:49:11,229
his house was burning down and he's got
a garden hose

985
00:49:11,229 --> 00:49:14,909
and he's taking any somebody with the
rows and more water

986
00:49:14,909 --> 00:49:18,359
in order for this out in the first thing
the comes to mind is not to call the

987
00:49:18,359 --> 00:49:19,199
police department

988
00:49:19,199 --> 00:49:21,219
you call firepower

989
00:49:21,219 --> 00:49:25,110
so we don't have a sucker for apartment
in for a lot of individuals

990
00:49:25,110 --> 00:49:28,140
households and small businesses and
everything else they don't have the

991
00:49:28,140 --> 00:49:30,549
expertise to put out a certified

992
00:49:30,549 --> 00:49:33,889
they don't know what to do about being
infected within a matter of fact that

993
00:49:33,889 --> 00:49:37,369
they don't know what to do about cyber
tackled

994
00:49:37,369 --> 00:49:42,049
and what they have cyber for in incall

995
00:49:42,049 --> 00:49:44,729
as a business or vigil

996
00:49:44,729 --> 00:49:47,619
but the rules may have to be different
from what we did when we actually caught

997
00:49:47,619 --> 00:49:50,849
fire department your neighbor can call
fire department to be seizure house on

998
00:49:50,849 --> 00:49:51,739
fire

999
00:49:51,739 --> 00:49:54,539
the fire department feels free to come
in and broke windows in the rules in

1000
00:49:54,539 --> 00:49:57,640
order for the fire because the
neighborhood it is addressed

1001
00:49:57,640 --> 00:49:59,129
so far is out

1002
00:49:59,129 --> 00:50:02,139
but now they have in your competitor
calls a cyber fire department says

1003
00:50:02,139 --> 00:50:06,059
you're under attack cases are fire
department comes out break settling down

1004
00:50:06,059 --> 00:50:09,409
for three days trying to figure out what
the problem is in wilder out of business

1005
00:50:09,409 --> 00:50:11,349
and your competitors flailing

1006
00:50:11,349 --> 00:50:13,240
so the rules for

1007
00:50:13,240 --> 00:50:18,520
uh... indeed start for artwork the
different media before

1008
00:50:18,520 --> 00:50:20,229
for example

1009
00:50:20,229 --> 00:50:22,739
i think it's important in this analogy
is

1010
00:50:22,739 --> 00:50:25,819
the fire department aptly put out the
fire try to figure out why the fire

1011
00:50:25,819 --> 00:50:27,099
started

1012
00:50:27,099 --> 00:50:31,949
interviews are some and suddenly the
police department of the heroes on for

1013
00:50:31,949 --> 00:50:33,239
some gets the ball

1014
00:50:33,239 --> 00:50:35,310
you can imagine a similar kind of
scenario

1015
00:50:35,310 --> 00:50:38,510
something else happens the fire
department economic inspector building

1016
00:50:38,510 --> 00:50:40,989
to see whether or not meet parker

1017
00:50:40,989 --> 00:50:42,890
and we have fire codes for buildings

1018
00:50:42,890 --> 00:50:44,899
and and that you can imagine

1019
00:50:44,899 --> 00:50:46,939
looking for

1020
00:50:46,939 --> 00:50:50,960
advice and even some rules for designing
systems that are safer

1021
00:50:50,960 --> 00:50:52,019
than others

1022
00:50:52,019 --> 00:50:56,279
just like we have rules for doing
buildings that are safer examples forget

1023
00:50:56,279 --> 00:50:59,689
multiple exits entrances for for
safety's sake

1024
00:50:59,689 --> 00:51:03,839
so i think that we are at a period of
time worthless consider

1025
00:51:03,839 --> 00:51:05,059
uh... me

1026
00:51:05,059 --> 00:51:07,939
invention of the summer for a car

1027
00:51:07,939 --> 00:51:09,679
their country of the things here that

1028
00:51:09,679 --> 00:51:10,580
dimension

1029
00:51:10,580 --> 00:51:14,059
i have a few other things to talk about
it also no

1030
00:51:14,059 --> 00:51:15,149
vietnam

1031
00:51:15,149 --> 00:51:16,349
pretty close to having

1032
00:51:16,349 --> 00:51:20,179
borden vols or i can't believe it

1033
00:51:20,179 --> 00:51:21,589
here's the problem

1034
00:51:21,589 --> 00:51:23,970
digital signatures are really attractive
right

1035
00:51:23,970 --> 00:51:27,029
significance and usually sign things
anywhere

1036
00:51:27,029 --> 00:51:29,119
the question is legally

1037
00:51:29,119 --> 00:51:31,949
is is it is a digital signature binding

1038
00:51:31,949 --> 00:51:36,339
and it's not percent clear right now
especially international business

1039
00:51:36,339 --> 00:51:41,149
whether or not a contract has been
signed usually it has weighed in court

1040
00:51:41,149 --> 00:51:44,739
and so there's eighteen missing uh...

1041
00:51:44,739 --> 00:51:45,959
assessment

1042
00:51:45,959 --> 00:51:49,219
uh... either there is legislation does
require

1043
00:51:49,219 --> 00:51:53,680
or the international treaties required
in order to determine whether or not

1044
00:51:53,680 --> 00:51:56,349
digital signature on a contract is
binding

1045
00:51:56,349 --> 00:52:00,309
we don't have uh... agreements yet
cleaning up but i think you would you

1046
00:52:00,309 --> 00:52:01,000
wouldn't have

1047
00:52:01,000 --> 00:52:02,469
words but

1048
00:52:02,469 --> 00:52:05,140
come to some agreement about that

1049
00:52:05,140 --> 00:52:08,259
i'm sure all of you are aware of the
current state of debate on intellectual

1050
00:52:08,259 --> 00:52:09,629
property

1051
00:52:09,629 --> 00:52:11,389
on the path inside

1052
00:52:11,389 --> 00:52:14,119
software patents to turn out to be a
nightmare

1053
00:52:14,119 --> 00:52:17,400
and uh... i think all those who
recognize what that is

1054
00:52:17,400 --> 00:52:21,500
the best example i can give you a wild
and this is important for creativity and

1055
00:52:21,500 --> 00:52:22,519
innovation

1056
00:52:22,519 --> 00:52:24,069
is html

1057
00:52:24,069 --> 00:52:26,380
when the first browsers for me

1058
00:52:26,380 --> 00:52:28,329
even when the timbers needed

1059
00:52:28,329 --> 00:52:32,079
uh... they had to feature the you can
actually asking to show you the html

1060
00:52:32,079 --> 00:52:32,989
source

1061
00:52:32,989 --> 00:52:35,189
and you could figure out how do they do
that

1062
00:52:35,189 --> 00:52:38,689
and then they copied each other and it
was great because you know webmasters

1063
00:52:38,689 --> 00:52:39,920
learn from each other

1064
00:52:39,920 --> 00:52:43,510
they develop new ideas everybody got to
try new things out and give them the

1065
00:52:43,510 --> 00:52:45,039
evolution

1066
00:52:45,039 --> 00:52:47,019
the webpage was pretty dramatic

1067
00:52:47,019 --> 00:52:50,739
over a very short period of time because
people share each other's ideas and use

1068
00:52:50,739 --> 00:52:51,419
it

1069
00:52:51,419 --> 00:52:52,769
of html

1070
00:52:52,769 --> 00:52:56,880
uh... in that's just one example of the
reason why open this has been so

1071
00:52:56,880 --> 00:53:00,369
valuable that's why google makes
open-source available creme brulee

1072
00:53:00,369 --> 00:53:05,799
increment croats for the same reasons
but right now there's a lot of attention

1073
00:53:05,799 --> 00:53:07,309
comes to copyright

1074
00:53:07,309 --> 00:53:08,799
it's a whole other story

1075
00:53:08,799 --> 00:53:11,959
uh... some of you will remember the
uh...

1076
00:53:11,959 --> 00:53:12,769
uh... in the

1077
00:53:12,769 --> 00:53:14,409
our constitution

1078
00:53:14,409 --> 00:53:17,200
the notion of copyright was installed in
there

1079
00:53:17,200 --> 00:53:18,750
as for two reasons

1080
00:53:18,750 --> 00:53:22,069
to benefit the party who had created a
work

1081
00:53:22,069 --> 00:53:24,449
for a limited period of time

1082
00:53:24,449 --> 00:53:26,629
originally was fourteen years

1083
00:53:26,629 --> 00:53:29,989
and if you were the author of something
that you could control who can make

1084
00:53:29,989 --> 00:53:32,099
copies of it for that period of time

1085
00:53:32,099 --> 00:53:35,139
if you were still alive after fourteen
years ago actually had an option to

1086
00:53:35,139 --> 00:53:38,000
extend the copyright again for another
fourteen years

1087
00:53:38,000 --> 00:53:40,509
i think you had to make the payment to
do that

1088
00:53:40,509 --> 00:53:43,130
well what has happened over the whole
and then

1089
00:53:43,130 --> 00:53:45,309
after that period had expired

1090
00:53:45,309 --> 00:53:48,039
the work became part of the public
domain

1091
00:53:48,039 --> 00:53:50,639
intent here to benefit the population

1092
00:53:50,639 --> 00:53:52,190
in the words are in there

1093
00:53:52,190 --> 00:53:56,009
exactly that way what has happened over
the course of a couple of years

1094
00:53:56,009 --> 00:53:59,459
is that the intellectual property
community has extended

1095
00:53:59,459 --> 00:54:01,349
the lifetime

1096
00:54:01,349 --> 00:54:03,470
for but the copyright holder s

1097
00:54:03,470 --> 00:54:06,549
seventy five years after the death of
the office

1098
00:54:06,549 --> 00:54:10,890
this feels a little excessive to me
because it seems to have left out

1099
00:54:10,890 --> 00:54:14,340
the idea that things in the public
domain would benefit the general public

1100
00:54:14,340 --> 00:54:17,079
i think we've been waiting for

1101
00:54:17,079 --> 00:54:20,029
we're seeing similar problems with
passed because we have people fighting

1102
00:54:20,029 --> 00:54:21,229
overpass

1103
00:54:21,229 --> 00:54:24,429
that expanding billions of dollars

1104
00:54:24,429 --> 00:54:27,509
things it probably should have been
patented in the first place i think this

1105
00:54:27,509 --> 00:54:30,619
is a largely approval of software

1106
00:54:30,619 --> 00:54:35,010
so uh... this is a big problem in some
of us into technical world were about

1107
00:54:35,010 --> 00:54:37,049
do indeed with the legal people

1108
00:54:37,049 --> 00:54:40,539
in order to work through the
implications of changing

1109
00:54:40,539 --> 00:54:42,349
love the way these things work

1110
00:54:42,349 --> 00:54:45,669
and final thing i wanted to mention on
the slide has to do with the problem

1111
00:54:45,669 --> 00:54:46,579
that

1112
00:54:46,579 --> 00:54:50,009
uh... we are increasingly creating
digital content

1113
00:54:50,009 --> 00:54:55,159
every day when we use word processing
programs that were used for entry to usa

1114
00:54:55,159 --> 00:54:57,630
uh... presentation software kind or
another

1115
00:54:57,630 --> 00:55:00,409
we create fairly complex digital files

1116
00:55:00,409 --> 00:55:03,859
say this is the big business in those
files were only meaningful with the

1117
00:55:03,859 --> 00:55:06,469
software that created them is available

1118
00:55:06,469 --> 00:55:10,009
and one of the problems that arise this
is an overtime

1119
00:55:10,009 --> 00:55:12,619
that's offering up the executed

1120
00:55:12,619 --> 00:55:14,959
on the machines that you have available

1121
00:55:14,959 --> 00:55:18,339
and so if you carefully stored the bits
and you've moved them from the five

1122
00:55:18,339 --> 00:55:23,259
quarter-inch floppy do the three and a
half incentive you know the uh... dvds

1123
00:55:23,259 --> 00:55:24,319
or cds

1124
00:55:24,319 --> 00:55:29,180
to any and seller if you move the dates
from one begin to another if there is no

1125
00:55:29,180 --> 00:55:32,979
guarantee that the software that created
them will still be money machine that

1126
00:55:32,979 --> 00:55:34,339
you're currently

1127
00:55:34,339 --> 00:55:37,449
using or the operating system that we
currently using

1128
00:55:37,449 --> 00:55:38,679
uh... the uh...

1129
00:55:38,679 --> 00:55:40,759
lol might uh...

1130
00:55:40,759 --> 00:55:42,679
experiment i remember whose

1131
00:55:42,679 --> 00:55:45,379
what happens in this year's three
thousand

1132
00:55:45,379 --> 00:55:47,369
and you've got a google search

1133
00:55:47,369 --> 00:55:50,889
and in turn up in nineteen ninety seven
qar point five

1134
00:55:50,889 --> 00:55:53,829
the question suppose you're running
windows three thousand images for the

1135
00:55:53,829 --> 00:55:55,069
sake of argument

1136
00:55:55,069 --> 00:55:58,359
and the question is will the windows
three thousand package interpreting

1137
00:55:58,359 --> 00:56:02,169
nineteen ninety-seven powerpoint file
correctly answered probably no

1138
00:56:02,169 --> 00:56:05,839
and this is not a gratuitous vega
microsoft even if you're using open

1139
00:56:05,839 --> 00:56:06,799
source

1140
00:56:06,799 --> 00:56:09,289
mechanisms that the other
hundred-percent through the open source

1141
00:56:09,289 --> 00:56:12,729
programs would continue to be compiled
worry machine

1142
00:56:12,729 --> 00:56:14,430
up until the year three thousand

1143
00:56:14,430 --> 00:56:17,969
so there's a real challenge their which
is maintaining the ability to interpret

1144
00:56:17,969 --> 00:56:19,219
the debts

1145
00:56:19,219 --> 00:56:21,529
in scientific data it's even worse

1146
00:56:21,529 --> 00:56:22,589
because he he

1147
00:56:22,589 --> 00:56:27,019
uh... track not only in the distant
cells from in san diego calibration

1148
00:56:27,019 --> 00:56:28,269
instruments

1149
00:56:28,269 --> 00:56:31,429
uh... in the conditions under which the
data was collected

1150
00:56:31,429 --> 00:56:35,019
we don't have a bridging right now

1151
00:56:35,019 --> 00:56:39,509
either a few more that we can retain
information or even that we can get

1152
00:56:39,509 --> 00:56:41,110
access to software

1153
00:56:41,110 --> 00:56:42,999
when the company goes out of business

1154
00:56:42,999 --> 00:56:44,520
or when they with lisa

1155
00:56:44,520 --> 00:56:48,750
a new version is not compatible with the
previous one how do we get access to the

1156
00:56:48,750 --> 00:56:50,689
previous of software

1157
00:56:50,689 --> 00:56:54,599
there are there is no current regime
which recognizes the importance of

1158
00:56:54,599 --> 00:56:55,549
retaining

1159
00:56:55,549 --> 00:56:57,740
uh... access to the scheduled days

1160
00:56:57,740 --> 00:57:00,049
some of you probably saw the movie
lincoln

1161
00:57:00,049 --> 00:57:01,599
and you've ever reading a book

1162
00:57:01,599 --> 00:57:02,689
called

1163
00:57:02,689 --> 00:57:05,659
a team of rivals by doris kearns good

1164
00:57:05,659 --> 00:57:09,359
one of the interesting things about
herblock usage fee reconstructed the

1165
00:57:09,359 --> 00:57:10,930
dialogue with the time

1166
00:57:10,930 --> 00:57:14,140
by going to a hundred different
libraries and finding the lenders

1167
00:57:14,140 --> 00:57:16,670
principles in that uh... story

1168
00:57:16,670 --> 00:57:18,099
had said to each other

1169
00:57:18,099 --> 00:57:22,299
she was able to reconstruct dialogue
based on their imagine the june twenty

1170
00:57:22,299 --> 00:57:26,299
second century and trying to reproduce
what life was like in are twenty first

1171
00:57:26,299 --> 00:57:27,249
century

1172
00:57:27,249 --> 00:57:30,539
everything we've done is scheduled it's
all done it's unacceptable they will

1173
00:57:30,539 --> 00:57:32,649
never be at the moment we work

1174
00:57:32,649 --> 00:57:36,529
we we will not be good ancestors we will
be invisible ancestors

1175
00:57:36,529 --> 00:57:40,369
so we can not this would have to figure
out how to do background

1176
00:57:40,369 --> 00:57:41,049
ocampo

1177
00:57:41,049 --> 00:57:42,839
team well

1178
00:57:42,839 --> 00:57:45,409
you know what

1179
00:57:45,409 --> 00:57:48,179
through getting lazy

1180
00:57:48,179 --> 00:57:49,180
i really feel

1181
00:57:49,180 --> 00:57:52,159
compelled to tell you some of this is it
ok

1182
00:57:52,159 --> 00:57:54,009
uh... so

1183
00:57:54,009 --> 00:57:56,989
this is the thing that's interesting
about the Internet is that despite the

1184
00:57:56,989 --> 00:57:59,010
fact that bomb in a local celebrate

1185
00:57:59,010 --> 00:58:02,809
the fortieth anniversary of the design

1186
00:58:02,809 --> 00:58:06,019
paper was published in may of seventy
four of the original papers written in

1187
00:58:06,019 --> 00:58:08,259
september of seventy three

1188
00:58:08,259 --> 00:58:10,109
and we turn the system on

1189
00:58:10,109 --> 00:58:12,389
on january one nineteen eighty three

1190
00:58:12,389 --> 00:58:16,069
sows an operational for thirty years in
spite of this age

1191
00:58:16,069 --> 00:58:19,139
uh... it has a long pretty dramatically
and there are lots of things that are

1192
00:58:19,139 --> 00:58:23,269
still going on there could be done with
the open flow idea stanford university

1193
00:58:23,269 --> 00:58:27,219
and it begins with is a particularly
interesting example

1194
00:58:27,219 --> 00:58:29,149
you know when we don't balance

1195
00:58:29,149 --> 00:58:31,279
with cisco another still drives

1196
00:58:31,279 --> 00:58:33,069
big is the address base

1197
00:58:33,069 --> 00:58:35,789
on the packets to figure out where they
should welcome so you look at the

1198
00:58:35,789 --> 00:58:39,309
destination addressing look it up in a
cable news where doctor replied the

1199
00:58:39,309 --> 00:58:40,519
cable companies

1200
00:58:40,519 --> 00:58:43,049
fourteen thousand you do that

1201
00:58:43,049 --> 00:58:47,469
mitnick in his guys said wildly limiting
ourselves to the end respects

1202
00:58:47,469 --> 00:58:50,979
it why can't use other events in the
packet to tell us where out things what

1203
00:58:50,979 --> 00:58:54,709
we did look at the other states at all
just look at the content decided how to

1204
00:58:54,709 --> 00:58:55,900
wrap based on that

1205
00:58:55,900 --> 00:58:59,040
as a slightly multitask like ring to it
at that because you can imagine

1206
00:58:59,040 --> 00:59:00,240
announcing

1207
00:59:00,240 --> 00:59:02,399
you were interested in this kind of
content

1208
00:59:02,399 --> 00:59:05,629
and everybody knows that i'm interested
in that kind of content would get copies

1209
00:59:05,629 --> 00:59:08,579
of the package because the drowning
people would say anybody that said they

1210
00:59:08,579 --> 00:59:09,409
wanted

1211
00:59:09,409 --> 00:59:12,059
that content we were back to that
smoking yes

1212
00:59:12,059 --> 00:59:15,909
so what what they have done basically is
open up the notion of routing too much

1213
00:59:15,909 --> 00:59:18,429
broader range possibilities

1214
00:59:18,429 --> 00:59:20,329
this is really powerful stuff

1215
00:59:20,329 --> 00:59:23,739
and i don't have time to go to all the
details of the global

1216
00:59:23,739 --> 00:59:25,650
decided to build an hour

1217
00:59:25,650 --> 00:59:29,509
wide area network backbone that connects
all of our data centers together using

1218
00:59:29,509 --> 00:59:30,639
open flow

1219
00:59:30,639 --> 00:59:33,759
so over a period of about eighteen
months aboard where we work with the

1220
00:59:33,759 --> 00:59:34,890
overflow team

1221
00:59:34,890 --> 00:59:36,349
we actually implemented

1222
00:59:36,349 --> 00:59:40,119
and open for hours and we build
ourselves and we put into operation in

1223
00:59:40,119 --> 00:59:42,709
the backbone latino business together

1224
00:59:42,709 --> 00:59:43,819
it's given us

1225
00:59:43,819 --> 00:59:47,499
substantially better performance in
terms of uh... your station of the

1226
00:59:47,499 --> 00:59:48,449
optical

1227
00:59:48,449 --> 00:59:50,709
uh... network that links are data
centers

1228
00:59:50,709 --> 00:59:55,140
so have very ambitious thing to do
identity do with it some thought that i

1229
00:59:55,140 --> 00:59:59,749
can taken credit don't want you earth
also as our senior vp for information

1230
00:59:59,749 --> 01:00:01,249
for infrastructure

1231
01:00:01,249 --> 01:00:03,519
and his team just landed

1232
01:00:03,519 --> 01:00:05,079
and it's really impressive

1233
01:00:05,079 --> 01:00:10,099
uh... so this is an example of breaking
uh... out over donor card it will

1234
01:00:10,099 --> 01:00:12,909
emulate everything literary robert do

1235
01:00:12,909 --> 01:00:15,669
because use text of the actors

1236
01:00:15,669 --> 01:00:18,840
but the fact is is like any technology
worded

1237
01:00:18,840 --> 01:00:20,959
does the previous thing

1238
01:00:20,959 --> 01:00:23,829
and then because you using new
technology to do the previous thing you

1239
01:00:23,829 --> 01:00:26,739
can send you step in the body of your
life you can do it

1240
01:00:26,739 --> 01:00:28,869
uh... that's very

1241
01:00:28,869 --> 01:00:31,659
uh... another we talked about
configuration management and the

1242
01:00:31,659 --> 01:00:33,839
Internet things

1243
01:00:33,839 --> 01:00:37,019
problem certificates and certification

1244
01:00:37,019 --> 01:00:39,859
a lot of people thought that issuing
certificates should be greatly reduced

1245
01:00:39,859 --> 01:00:41,489
authentication

1246
01:00:41,489 --> 01:00:44,779
but that assumes you can trust you to
get it for recent issues a certificate

1247
01:00:44,779 --> 01:00:46,099
in the first place

1248
01:00:46,099 --> 01:00:48,159
problems you can do you know if you

1249
01:00:48,159 --> 01:00:52,229
isn't the issue where the certificate
can have any string they want to

1250
01:00:52,229 --> 01:00:54,259
associated with the public key

1251
01:00:54,259 --> 01:00:55,659
there was no concern

1252
01:00:55,659 --> 01:00:59,249
and so if you in fact were able to call
wears

1253
01:00:59,249 --> 01:01:02,709
uh... a certificate authority by the
certificate authority over break into a

1254
01:01:02,709 --> 01:01:05,829
certificate is already in generate fall
certificate

1255
01:01:05,829 --> 01:01:11,049
with more microsoft word himself for
providers namely in that certificate and

1256
01:01:11,049 --> 01:01:12,200
then somehow

1257
01:01:12,200 --> 01:01:13,839
issue software

1258
01:01:13,839 --> 01:01:17,469
associated that certificate you can
cause people to mistakenly download and

1259
01:01:17,469 --> 01:01:19,299
install

1260
01:01:19,299 --> 01:01:20,759
well the problem here is

1261
01:01:20,759 --> 01:01:23,069
trust every certificate corey

1262
01:01:23,069 --> 01:01:25,919
now you can try to uh... thought to that

1263
01:01:25,919 --> 01:01:29,719
if you look at your browser and you see
how many certificate authorities are

1264
01:01:29,719 --> 01:01:32,349
uh... are trusted outfits

1265
01:01:32,349 --> 01:01:34,909
it's only and self control

1266
01:01:34,909 --> 01:01:38,549
sold by the other alternative india
a<u>t</u>f_ right now is to look at the

1267
01:01:38,549 --> 01:01:41,179
possibility of installing certificates

1268
01:01:41,179 --> 01:01:42,750
intervening system

1269
01:01:42,750 --> 01:01:44,539
using insect

1270
01:01:44,539 --> 01:01:45,669
as a tool

1271
01:01:45,669 --> 01:01:49,069
for making sure that everything going
down to the place where the certificate

1272
01:01:49,069 --> 01:01:53,609
is being installed has been digitally
signed so there's a change dress on top

1273
01:01:53,609 --> 01:01:54,270
of that

1274
01:01:54,270 --> 01:01:59,519
is usually is related to refer to
strings that are related to me

1275
01:01:59,519 --> 01:02:03,159
in which that coddling inserted interest
on

1276
01:02:03,159 --> 01:02:04,389
so if you're

1277
01:02:04,389 --> 01:02:05,869
google dot com

1278
01:02:05,869 --> 01:02:09,899
the only certificates that i could have
a good in cool dot com the second level

1279
01:02:09,899 --> 01:02:10,879
domain

1280
01:02:10,879 --> 01:02:13,830
with her third level domains inside
google dot com

1281
01:02:13,830 --> 01:02:20,340
any other attempts to for certificate
out of that part of the uh... demeaning

1282
01:02:20,340 --> 01:02:21,079
zone

1283
01:02:21,079 --> 01:02:24,010
we have to be rejected out of him
because he

1284
01:02:24,010 --> 01:02:25,990
strain was accredited

1285
01:02:25,990 --> 01:02:27,709
wasn't from its own

1286
01:02:27,709 --> 01:02:30,859
so that's an example of a way of
responding to this story

1287
01:02:30,859 --> 01:02:31,910
let me just mention

1288
01:02:31,910 --> 01:02:35,029
one of the things i want to give you a
quick summary of the year planetary

1289
01:02:35,029 --> 01:02:36,019
system

1290
01:02:36,019 --> 01:02:37,889
uh... p

1291
01:02:37,889 --> 01:02:41,569
uh... those of you who study the history
of competing here remember project

1292
01:02:41,569 --> 01:02:44,279
activity back in the nineteen sixties

1293
01:02:44,279 --> 01:02:47,859
one of the interesting things they did
was to modify and she knows g<u>e</u> six

1294
01:02:47,859 --> 01:02:50,349
thirty five thirty to six forty five

1295
01:02:50,349 --> 01:02:54,349
that had it brings a protection and
their management

1296
01:02:54,349 --> 01:02:57,849
it reads a protection were triggered
whenever you executed as sensitive

1297
01:02:57,849 --> 01:02:59,329
instruction

1298
01:02:59,329 --> 01:03:02,649
that instruction tracked down to the
colonel software and said who r u what

1299
01:03:02,649 --> 01:03:05,529
are you doing here when instruction he
tried to execute and what makes you

1300
01:03:05,529 --> 01:03:08,049
think you have the authority to do that

1301
01:03:08,049 --> 01:03:11,169
and all the colonel would decide whether
or not you were actually allowed to

1302
01:03:11,169 --> 01:03:15,389
execute the instruction in place in the
appropriate reign of control so as you

1303
01:03:15,389 --> 01:03:19,749
got down to ring zero who have more more
control over machine this is an example

1304
01:03:19,749 --> 01:03:23,789
of hardware and software working
together to reinforce security

1305
01:03:23,789 --> 01:03:26,869
we actually have that capability in the
x_-eighty six trips but nobody's

1306
01:03:26,869 --> 01:03:28,049
programming

1307
01:03:28,049 --> 01:03:30,709
and they should be good to know so
that's one example of hardware

1308
01:03:30,709 --> 01:03:32,300
reinforcing security

1309
01:03:32,300 --> 01:03:33,549
with software

1310
01:03:33,549 --> 01:03:37,339
um... the same thing is just happened
recently with uh... violence with

1311
01:03:37,339 --> 01:03:39,019
digitally signed by house

1312
01:03:39,019 --> 01:03:43,349
we can execute people program comes in
the operating system and less

1313
01:03:43,349 --> 01:03:45,700
the digital signature on the five scone

1314
01:03:45,700 --> 01:03:47,139
checks out with her

1315
01:03:47,139 --> 01:03:49,719
it's another example of getting more
reinforcements

1316
01:03:49,719 --> 01:03:53,579
okay hundred skip down to the
interplanetary Internet so we've heard

1317
01:03:53,579 --> 01:03:56,359
about this it was just an update on the
status

1318
01:03:56,359 --> 01:04:00,989
when we started we were interested in
providing better networking for

1319
01:04:00,989 --> 01:04:02,539
uh... exploring mars

1320
01:04:02,539 --> 01:04:06,179
this was in nineteen ninety just after
the pathfinder project

1321
01:04:06,179 --> 01:04:09,750
waited smallholder on mars very
successfully

1322
01:04:09,750 --> 01:04:13,280
the information that was coming back
with strip directly from apple or over a

1323
01:04:13,280 --> 01:04:15,869
wave after through the deep space
network

1324
01:04:15,869 --> 01:04:19,140
and so my colleagues and i had the jet
propulsion laboratory ki

1325
01:04:19,140 --> 01:04:20,589
what should we be doing

1326
01:04:20,589 --> 01:04:23,510
and we will need twenty five years from
now in order to provide better

1327
01:04:23,510 --> 01:04:25,960
networking for uh... p

1328
01:04:25,960 --> 01:04:26,890
uh... space

1329
01:04:26,890 --> 01:04:28,189
faring nations

1330
01:04:28,189 --> 01:04:32,609
and out we very quickly concluded we
should use rich networking like Internet

1331
01:04:32,609 --> 01:04:36,429
no we said well maybe we can use the
c<u>p</u>i_ p hearts on earth so maybe work

1332
01:04:36,429 --> 01:04:37,599
on mars too

1333
01:04:37,599 --> 01:04:41,010
and of course i will work on mars but it
doesn't work between the planets

1334
01:04:41,010 --> 01:04:44,300
because of the variable delay which
could be up to twenty minutes one way

1335
01:04:44,300 --> 01:04:47,179
forty minutes roundtrip and also
destruction

1336
01:04:47,179 --> 01:04:51,039
in the plan is a rotating we have
figured out how to stop that

1337
01:04:51,039 --> 01:04:54,619
sup so if you're talking to something on
the surface of the planet rotates or

1338
01:04:54,619 --> 01:04:55,989
maybe there's an order

1339
01:04:55,989 --> 01:04:58,980
you can talk a little it comes back
around again

1340
01:04:58,980 --> 01:05:03,010
so we end up with this variable the land
destruction environment p<u>c</u>p_ is broke

1341
01:05:03,010 --> 01:05:04,070
in that regard

1342
01:05:04,070 --> 01:05:08,409
so we developed a new initially
protocols we call the bottle protocol

1343
01:05:08,409 --> 01:05:11,849
in recent years we didn't come up with
very beautifully done kentucky fried

1344
01:05:11,849 --> 01:05:17,189
chicken noodle called hotbed birds
period

1345
01:05:17,189 --> 01:05:22,349
just not really giving some final phone
call isn't your planetary world unit

1346
01:05:22,349 --> 01:05:24,859
protocol is winter

1347
01:05:24,859 --> 01:05:27,809
it'll run on basically anything that
moves a packet of dates from one place

1348
01:05:27,809 --> 01:05:32,429
to another runs on top of p<u>c</u>p_ dealers
on top of the vp hearings and cut by p

1349
01:05:32,429 --> 01:05:34,609
was on top of point-to-point links

1350
01:05:34,609 --> 01:05:39,489
do we get after looking for a regions of
the design of the system

1351
01:05:39,489 --> 01:05:44,569
we install it uh... for experimental
purposes uh... but let me go back

1352
01:05:44,569 --> 01:05:47,739
there there was you know in two thousand
four

1353
01:05:47,739 --> 01:05:50,130
over several and in order to him

1354
01:05:50,130 --> 01:05:52,410
very successfully spirit and opportunity

1355
01:05:52,410 --> 01:05:56,429
one of them I'd forget which fear is has
died

1356
01:05:56,429 --> 01:06:00,409
i can read one of his dad the other one
is uh... still producing data

1357
01:06:00,409 --> 01:06:04,419
but when they were uh... first landed
they were supposed to transmit data

1358
01:06:04,419 --> 01:06:07,479
directly back to earth away pathfinder
did

1359
01:06:07,479 --> 01:06:09,699
but those radios overheat

1360
01:06:09,699 --> 01:06:13,019
and the result is that they needed to
reduce the duty cycle to keep it from

1361
01:06:13,019 --> 01:06:16,739
armenia itself or any other equipment
was originally rated at twenty eight

1362
01:06:16,739 --> 01:06:18,359
august second

1363
01:06:18,359 --> 01:06:21,509
and that was nearly scientists were not
happy about that

1364
01:06:21,509 --> 01:06:24,759
when we told we have to reduce the duty
cycle they worry more than happy about

1365
01:06:24,759 --> 01:06:25,679
that

1366
01:06:25,679 --> 01:06:29,189
and so one of the engineer said well
there's an expand radio on the rover

1367
01:06:29,189 --> 01:06:33,039
there's an expand radio on orders which
have been put in place in orders

1368
01:06:33,039 --> 01:06:35,739
uh... certainly the planet to decide
where the rover should go but they

1369
01:06:35,739 --> 01:06:38,249
finish that tested evidence in orbit

1370
01:06:38,249 --> 01:06:41,819
and they had available communications
can computing in memory

1371
01:06:41,819 --> 01:06:46,549
so the the orders and the rover
reprogrammed

1372
01:06:46,549 --> 01:06:50,239
to take data that you collected squared
up to the order when i got into

1373
01:06:50,239 --> 01:06:54,379
with replacement ball into the data for
the transmitted data back

1374
01:06:54,379 --> 01:06:56,619
uh... to the deep space network

1375
01:06:56,619 --> 01:07:00,949
the data rate going on the expand radial
isn't when he told it's the second

1376
01:07:00,949 --> 01:07:03,390
pakistan grading and two fifty six

1377
01:07:03,390 --> 01:07:07,489
and uh... the orders since they have a
large solar arrays and didn't have any

1378
01:07:07,489 --> 01:07:08,180
problem

1379
01:07:08,180 --> 01:07:10,459
even within rowers atmosphere

1380
01:07:10,459 --> 01:07:14,029
could transmit data back it more than
two hundred twenty kept a second

1381
01:07:14,029 --> 01:07:17,809
so all the data that was coming back
from our school in store for

1382
01:07:17,809 --> 01:07:19,569
packet switching

1383
01:07:19,569 --> 01:07:23,549
today demonstration of how well that
could work

1384
01:07:23,549 --> 01:07:26,519
dirt that landed in the year two
thousand eight was in the north pole

1385
01:07:26,519 --> 01:07:30,029
didn't have a configuration of three
factors so they went through the relay

1386
01:07:30,029 --> 01:07:31,039
again

1387
01:07:31,039 --> 01:07:35,599
belly-up the protocols to be a proxy
spacecraft which is in order in the sun

1388
01:07:35,599 --> 01:07:37,779
that had wonderful with two counts

1389
01:07:37,779 --> 01:07:41,339
it was called deep impact originally in
the new new mission bringing to the

1390
01:07:41,339 --> 01:07:42,239
party

1391
01:07:42,239 --> 01:07:44,519
so if as the protocols on board

1392
01:07:44,519 --> 01:07:48,339
rovers at the protocols board your
orders at the protocols word

1393
01:07:48,339 --> 01:07:51,539
international space station has
protocols work

1394
01:07:51,539 --> 01:07:56,349
we're operating basically rudimentary
interplanetary network now

1395
01:07:56,349 --> 01:07:59,370
and so what's happening is that at nasa

1396
01:07:59,370 --> 01:08:01,890
efforts to standardize these protocols

1397
01:08:01,890 --> 01:08:05,479
internationally through the consul
canadian space data systems

1398
01:08:05,479 --> 01:08:09,689
were hoping that everybody will adopt
the protocols use them in their missions

1399
01:08:09,689 --> 01:08:12,759
or even if they don't use among the
nations of the salmon on board so when

1400
01:08:12,759 --> 01:08:15,259
those missions are done

1401
01:08:15,259 --> 01:08:18,809
purpose those devices is known as an
interplanetary back and so we might

1402
01:08:18,809 --> 01:08:21,009
actually see something

1403
01:08:21,009 --> 01:08:22,339
like that

1404
01:08:22,339 --> 01:08:24,799
uh... over you know many decades

1405
01:08:24,799 --> 01:08:28,829
now some people said well you know why
are you doing supports one answers

1406
01:08:28,829 --> 01:08:32,430
provide which options for more complex
missions with multiple

1407
01:08:32,430 --> 01:08:36,569
uh... spacecraft in orbit intend on
foreign you know in orbit

1408
01:08:36,569 --> 01:08:39,749
around the sun for example were flying
out of the solar system

1409
01:08:39,749 --> 01:08:44,119
or possibly on the surface in fact we
get into example of that

1410
01:08:44,119 --> 01:08:47,670
a couple of months ago out of the
european space agency in cooperation

1411
01:08:47,670 --> 01:08:49,819
with the uh... u<u>s</u>

1412
01:08:49,819 --> 01:08:54,020
did may test from the uh...
international space station

1413
01:08:54,020 --> 01:08:57,880
using the interplanetary protocols to
control the rover on the ground in

1414
01:08:57,880 --> 01:08:58,889
germany

1415
01:08:58,889 --> 01:09:02,269
so while we were demonstrating is one of
the white if you were in orbit around

1416
01:09:02,269 --> 01:09:03,380
mars

1417
01:09:03,380 --> 01:09:05,719
and you need to control over remotely

1418
01:09:05,719 --> 01:09:09,170
it was close enough to was real-time
interaction so the protocols

1419
01:09:09,170 --> 01:09:12,589
although they can deal with uh...
variable delay are also perfectly ok

1420
01:09:12,589 --> 01:09:14,679
disliking vp

1421
01:09:14,679 --> 01:09:15,680
fine

1422
01:09:15,680 --> 01:09:19,240
so you have a wonder will go right so
that might help build more complex

1423
01:09:19,240 --> 01:09:19,960
missions

1424
01:09:19,960 --> 01:09:22,239
but i have one of the reason for doing
this

1425
01:09:22,239 --> 01:09:25,819
barbour released a contract last year
for half a million dollars

1426
01:09:25,819 --> 01:09:29,400
to a consortium to design a spacecraft
they can get to the nearest star in a

1427
01:09:29,400 --> 01:09:30,589
hundred years

1428
01:09:30,589 --> 01:09:33,639
that's for reflectors away alpha
centauri

1429
01:09:33,639 --> 01:09:38,509
and so uh... i'm lucky to be part of
that consortium in their three problems

1430
01:09:38,509 --> 01:09:40,670
problem number one is propulsion

1431
01:09:40,670 --> 01:09:44,569
uh... it turns out that uh... the
current propulsion systems would take

1432
01:09:44,569 --> 01:09:45,250
about

1433
01:09:45,250 --> 01:09:49,020
sixty five thousand years to get from
earth to alpha centauri

1434
01:09:49,020 --> 01:09:51,429
which is a little won't even for a
darker project

1435
01:09:51,429 --> 01:09:56,199
so the question is how do i get up to
about twenty percent the speed of light

1436
01:09:56,199 --> 01:10:00,969
an ally the way we need to william
slowdown before we get together and

1437
01:10:00,969 --> 01:10:04,489
otherwise we'll get one image in indian
than expected

1438
01:10:04,489 --> 01:10:08,969
so the idea of what you saw them in
going forward so we have to reaches

1439
01:10:08,969 --> 01:10:13,000
speed of about twenty percent speed of
light midpoint fifty years and then be

1440
01:10:13,000 --> 01:10:14,689
able to console them

1441
01:10:14,689 --> 01:10:17,030
to get to work at the evidence that's
one problem

1442
01:10:17,030 --> 01:10:18,919
navigation is another problem

1443
01:10:18,919 --> 01:10:23,570
uh... imagine you know that when we do
interplanetary projects now

1444
01:10:23,570 --> 01:10:26,590
usually the spacecraft get to a certain
point in the mission and you have to do

1445
01:10:26,590 --> 01:10:29,989
in the course sections and we do that is
interactively

1446
01:10:29,989 --> 01:10:33,979
not not not literally real-time we send
the correction information we get back

1447
01:10:33,979 --> 01:10:36,460
to information about the change in me

1448
01:10:36,460 --> 01:10:37,679
uh... flight path

1449
01:10:37,679 --> 01:10:41,790
now imagined for doing this for the
space craft that's not what your way

1450
01:10:41,790 --> 01:10:44,760
so it takes a year for the information
you get there another year for you to

1451
01:10:44,760 --> 01:10:46,729
find out whether or not worker

1452
01:10:46,729 --> 01:10:49,840
instant feel like it was real
interactive on

1453
01:10:49,840 --> 01:10:54,160
so i got worried about that until
somebody pointed out that ecom proper

1454
01:10:54,160 --> 01:10:57,270
motion stars that are within about ten
litres of

1455
01:10:57,270 --> 01:10:59,809
our solar system was actually pretty
woman

1456
01:10:59,809 --> 01:11:04,670
which means that we can do in homestead
additional slightly

1457
01:11:04,670 --> 01:11:07,090
as we can use stars there much farther
away

1458
01:11:07,090 --> 01:11:10,159
as a way of calibrating where we are and
then use that to make a mid-course

1459
01:11:10,159 --> 01:11:11,190
corrections

1460
01:11:11,190 --> 01:11:13,770
so that i was easy that this
communication

1461
01:11:13,770 --> 01:11:17,130
how big the generators signal it would
be detectable order

1462
01:11:17,130 --> 01:11:19,159
from for your support

1463
01:11:19,159 --> 01:11:23,169
uh... you know and also you have to
deliver the equipment to for lives away

1464
01:11:23,169 --> 01:11:26,479
so you have some limitations on message
you can send

1465
01:11:26,479 --> 01:11:30,590
so i've been thinking well maybe eh...
femtosecond lasers mentioned you have a

1466
01:11:30,590 --> 01:11:31,680
hundred what

1467
01:11:31,680 --> 01:11:35,770
power supply and compress a hundred one
signals ten minus fifteen seconds and

1468
01:11:35,770 --> 01:11:37,030
should give you pretty good

1469
01:11:37,030 --> 01:11:38,130
since then

1470
01:11:38,130 --> 01:11:41,890
without even if it's a laser beam isn't
being spread

1471
01:11:41,890 --> 01:11:46,370
over four lightyear distance and i get
this very attenuated bohat false

1472
01:11:46,370 --> 01:11:50,020
attenuated downsizings sewer systems and
now you know i need the interplanetary

1473
01:11:50,020 --> 01:11:51,210
backbone

1474
01:11:51,210 --> 01:11:54,400
is so i can do the synthetic aperture
receiver to detect the signal coming

1475
01:11:54,400 --> 01:11:56,239
from an office in time

1476
01:11:56,239 --> 01:12:01,820
one of the physicist said wait a minute
there's another when it is that

1477
01:12:01,820 --> 01:12:07,050
you know that he that he will be online
stone figure some serious right

1478
01:12:07,050 --> 01:12:11,040
so he said if you go fired fifty
astronomical units away from the senate

1479
01:12:11,040 --> 01:12:15,150
you begin to get the point where the
gravity will form a focal point

1480
01:12:15,150 --> 01:12:16,199
fulfilling

1481
01:12:16,199 --> 01:12:20,479
so we can just get equipment five and
fifty a year out from her

1482
01:12:20,479 --> 01:12:25,039
then we can use the focal uh...
gravitational lands of the sun in order

1483
01:12:25,039 --> 01:12:27,810
to focus the signal is coming office in
time

1484
01:12:27,810 --> 01:12:31,670
so that certain current idea building
planetary

1485
01:12:31,670 --> 01:12:33,079
answered style

1486
01:12:33,079 --> 01:12:36,119
system intergalactic it's somebody
else's trial

1487
01:12:36,119 --> 01:12:39,469
file i i'm sorry when i sent him a
little bit

1488
01:12:39,469 --> 01:12:41,659
speaking talent dizzy and sick about
this

1489
01:12:41,659 --> 01:12:45,539
i happen to spend some time in two and a
biol forgive you if you all the center

1490
01:12:45,539 --> 01:12:46,340
of the way

1491
01:12:46,340 --> 01:12:53,340
but i think in any case for coming to
google c

1492
01:13:03,099 --> 01:13:07,479
mister thank you so much prestige for
another great speech you gave last year

1493
01:13:07,479 --> 01:13:10,040
uh... presented by

1494
01:13:10,040 --> 01:13:13,580
you'll stop

1495
01:13:13,580 --> 01:13:20,559
understand you're and said sorry start
work here

1496
01:13:20,559 --> 01:13:25,419
those are are real meals problems a real
problem is that we can find in our

1497
01:13:25,419 --> 01:13:26,409
discussion

1498
01:13:26,409 --> 01:13:31,659
to those words we actually banda
thinking in uh... in ways that general

1499
01:13:31,659 --> 01:13:36,610
solely anyone masses espy's march

1500
01:13:36,610 --> 01:13:40,139
urich

1501
01:13:40,139 --> 01:13:47,139
uh... if metallic style security xy i
have actually has interactions with the

1502
01:13:47,530 --> 01:13:51,400
department of homeland security which is
actually doing an experiment with the

1503
01:13:51,400 --> 01:13:52,699
sacristy

1504
01:13:52,699 --> 01:13:53,709
notion

1505
01:13:53,709 --> 01:13:57,979
so that i don't know how far they've
gotten into releasing

1506
01:13:57,979 --> 01:14:02,409
functionality to make it available but
my understanding is that they see the

1507
01:14:02,409 --> 01:14:03,550
need for

1508
01:14:03,550 --> 01:14:05,950
uh... the order to avoid the

1509
01:14:05,950 --> 01:14:08,919
small businesses to have a place to go
home to get help

1510
01:14:08,919 --> 01:14:12,489
because the building helped me get today
tends to be

1511
01:14:12,489 --> 01:14:16,840
antivirus operating download which does
help to some degree but all of you sure

1512
01:14:16,840 --> 01:14:18,149
very familiar with

1513
01:14:18,149 --> 01:14:20,929
daisy row attacks which are increasingly
common

1514
01:14:20,929 --> 01:14:25,199
and the other thing i worry about
specifically is the response to suffer

1515
01:14:25,199 --> 01:14:26,250
tak

1516
01:14:26,250 --> 01:14:31,900
if you have a young uh... an attack
wishing let's take it distributed in the

1517
01:14:31,900 --> 01:14:33,600
home services

1518
01:14:33,600 --> 01:14:37,190
uh... if you're interested in responses
i'm going to wipe out this drives a

1519
01:14:37,190 --> 01:14:39,530
volvo machines that are attacking me

1520
01:14:39,530 --> 01:14:43,480
turns out those machines are probably
owned by citizens

1521
01:14:43,480 --> 01:14:45,659
who don't know their machines are
infected

1522
01:14:45,659 --> 01:14:49,489
and be able to wipe out this transit you
know a million people

1523
01:14:49,489 --> 01:14:53,130
some of those uh... machines were
important for daily operation

1524
01:14:53,130 --> 01:14:55,409
and suddenly we have found ourselves and
for

1525
01:14:55,409 --> 01:14:58,219
so that can't be right answers so we
have to think our way through our

1526
01:14:58,219 --> 01:15:00,800
carefully about how we attribute the
source

1527
01:15:00,800 --> 01:15:03,679
and what we do about the case where

1528
01:15:03,679 --> 01:15:08,369
the actual attacking devices are not
under the control actually abusers

1529
01:15:08,369 --> 01:15:12,379
that is still a lot of work to be done

1530
01:15:12,379 --> 01:15:15,269
saying yeah i think in the beginning you
mentioned uh... the next big thing

1531
01:15:15,269 --> 01:15:18,960
possibly people using a device is used
to do

1532
01:15:18,960 --> 01:15:21,829
x<u>y</u>z_ likely music on the same room

1533
01:15:21,829 --> 01:15:26,369
uh... play video record surveillance is
tough on you use your more thoughts

1534
01:15:26,369 --> 01:15:28,830
about about that i'm market myself

1535
01:15:28,830 --> 01:15:30,639
what he said that though

1536
01:15:30,639 --> 01:15:35,329
so what you know one of the things that
i find interesting different one figure

1537
01:15:35,329 --> 01:15:36,780
question suggest

1538
01:15:36,780 --> 01:15:38,789
imagine you're driving in the car

1539
01:15:38,789 --> 01:15:43,800
and uh... you are asking questions like
how do i get to this destination

1540
01:15:43,800 --> 01:15:48,100
uh... the voice message may go to a
speech understanding system

1541
01:15:48,100 --> 01:15:52,070
but the answer may come back on the
navigational display on the car everyone

1542
01:15:52,070 --> 01:15:54,719
that using two devices at the same time

1543
01:15:54,719 --> 01:15:57,870
the way that the system navigational
system

1544
01:15:57,870 --> 01:16:02,969
knows uh... what is the address of the
occasional displays that the system is

1545
01:16:02,969 --> 01:16:06,770
taking her voice is also telling the
destination here the other devices in

1546
01:16:06,770 --> 01:16:07,710
the car

1547
01:16:07,710 --> 01:16:09,630
how about you walk into a hotel room

1548
01:16:09,630 --> 01:16:11,340
animal that was turned on

1549
01:16:11,340 --> 01:16:14,969
animal well discovers a high-resolution
display that below instead of showing

1550
01:16:14,969 --> 01:16:18,290
everything on the train eagle's wing of
the mobile now suddenly put it up on a

1551
01:16:18,290 --> 01:16:20,189
large high-resolution

1552
01:16:20,189 --> 01:16:23,970
so these are all kinds things that i'm
imagine we could do

1553
01:16:23,970 --> 01:16:28,500
access control is clearly an issue do
you want to be lady do that the other

1554
01:16:28,500 --> 01:16:32,280
dining room next door doesn't want to
look at what's on his mama

1555
01:16:32,280 --> 01:16:35,849
uh... on your high-resolution display so
it's clear that we have to do something

1556
01:16:35,849 --> 01:16:36,869
make sure

1557
01:16:36,869 --> 01:16:38,530
uh... things are promptly control

1558
01:16:38,530 --> 01:16:42,619
weird question over here but i a north
microphone just a minute

1559
01:16:42,619 --> 01:16:46,169
thank you for being here and thank you
for your contributions mister sir

1560
01:16:46,169 --> 01:16:52,499
uh... my questions pertaining to see and
following

1561
01:16:52,499 --> 01:16:56,469
seeing ccp underlying sockets interested

1562
01:16:56,469 --> 01:16:58,149
two point

1563
01:16:58,149 --> 01:17:00,379
seriously

1564
01:17:00,379 --> 01:17:05,259
single stream transport consistent
inorder messaging astrology field is the

1565
01:17:05,259 --> 01:17:12,259
right choice speed communicate so first
of all answers

1566
01:17:12,469 --> 01:17:17,290
that one of the reasons that insulin
saying is you can't intended for

1567
01:17:17,290 --> 01:17:23,190
and so and many party p has one for
example h<u>t</u>t<u>p</u> city and town at pcp

1568
01:17:23,190 --> 01:17:25,670
but others are just you pcp

1569
01:17:25,670 --> 01:17:30,449
so committed question no i don't think
the p<u>c</u>p_ is the only thing she begins

1570
01:17:30,449 --> 01:17:33,949
it's a astonishing to me that it has
actually serviced us as well as it

1571
01:17:33,949 --> 01:17:34,730
happens

1572
01:17:34,730 --> 01:17:38,050
when you think about it's set of
constraints and everything else

1573
01:17:38,050 --> 01:17:43,239
but a lot of what happens on the net is
uh... that that uses pcp

1574
01:17:43,239 --> 01:17:46,839
does not necessarily use it for
subsequent actions so they're uniquely

1575
01:17:46,839 --> 01:17:47,800
streams

1576
01:17:47,800 --> 01:17:52,889
party p streams that are activated by
the web based h<u>t</u>t<u>p</u>

1577
01:17:52,889 --> 01:17:58,159
uh... activates a string delivery which
is not over jcp it may be over different

1578
01:17:58,159 --> 01:17:59,080
protocol

1579
01:17:59,080 --> 01:18:00,949
and that's all the right thing

1580
01:18:00,949 --> 01:18:03,860
here i think here is to have protocols
that are

1581
01:18:03,860 --> 01:18:06,969
appropriate to the application that
you're looking for

1582
01:18:06,969 --> 01:18:09,829
uh... so i'm actually encourage people

1583
01:18:09,829 --> 01:18:14,239
to i'll take advantage of fact the
Internet is so open to try things out

1584
01:18:14,239 --> 01:18:18,329
there's nothing that's not to directly
from on building a whole new set of

1585
01:18:18,329 --> 01:18:19,460
applications

1586
01:18:19,460 --> 01:18:22,570
and we see this kind there's a good
example of that where they simply

1587
01:18:22,570 --> 01:18:24,409
download an application

1588
01:18:24,409 --> 01:18:25,699
when you use it

1589
01:18:25,699 --> 01:18:26,719
instead of

1590
01:18:26,719 --> 01:18:29,039
you know anything else in mind that mail

1591
01:18:29,039 --> 01:18:33,249
uh... so handing out frankly I'd be
happy to see people invented protocols

1592
01:18:33,249 --> 01:18:36,579
and do a better job for something soon
ccp candy

1593
01:18:36,579 --> 01:18:43,370
is so amazing to me and it's been so
robust orchestrated time

1594
01:18:43,370 --> 01:18:44,599
out

1595
01:18:44,599 --> 01:18:47,139
action how do you think about privacy

1596
01:18:47,139 --> 01:18:48,560
like well all

1597
01:18:48,560 --> 01:18:52,350
hard times used he he

1598
01:18:52,350 --> 01:18:56,729
in the future is party can be the most
valuable assets

1599
01:18:56,729 --> 01:19:03,599
and that using a commonweal percentages
stations to the usage of the state

1600
01:19:03,599 --> 01:19:06,159
so is it that well first of all we are
intent

1601
01:19:06,159 --> 01:19:10,210
we aware of the importance of preserving
priority and privacy and weak

1602
01:19:10,210 --> 01:19:13,420
paid dearly for a couple of mistakes
that happen

1603
01:19:13,420 --> 01:19:17,380
elected incidental collection of
information when we were doing street

1604
01:19:17,380 --> 01:19:18,689
view

1605
01:19:18,689 --> 01:19:22,730
i think though that privacy is becoming
increasingly hard to protect

1606
01:19:22,730 --> 01:19:26,820
the reason is not because who has
information we will fight very hard for

1607
01:19:26,820 --> 01:19:30,320
to maintain your privacy we have
resisted government demand

1608
01:19:30,320 --> 01:19:34,329
for information more actively and many
other companies and also a whole

1609
01:19:34,329 --> 01:19:35,690
a lot of information

1610
01:19:35,690 --> 01:19:39,489
but we do it ourselves and we take
pictures of them allows we upload onto

1611
01:19:39,489 --> 01:19:40,659
the website

1612
01:19:40,659 --> 01:19:44,550
some people are discovered being in
places where they were doing the people

1613
01:19:44,550 --> 01:19:47,719
you put the pictures that we do this to
every friend but it isn't your friend

1614
01:19:47,719 --> 01:19:48,719
somebody

1615
01:19:48,719 --> 01:19:50,000
was not a

1616
01:19:50,000 --> 01:19:53,950
on your facebook or something somebody
else's fault jobs at a party said he

1617
01:19:53,950 --> 01:19:57,649
wasn't there america's in trouble
because picture a

1618
01:19:57,649 --> 01:20:03,040
so the issue here is learning what part
social conventions should be

1619
01:20:03,040 --> 01:20:06,540
to deal with the fact that we have said
privacy invasion

1620
01:20:06,540 --> 01:20:08,739
uh... teja lodging available to us

1621
01:20:08,739 --> 01:20:10,159
on the google site

1622
01:20:10,159 --> 01:20:13,570
we do use the data to help figure out
how to target as we're very up front

1623
01:20:13,570 --> 01:20:14,770
about that

1624
01:20:14,770 --> 01:20:17,079
but we don't give the day than anybody
else

1625
01:20:17,079 --> 01:20:21,219
some people nationally our business
model is saldana value to somebody else

1626
01:20:21,219 --> 01:20:22,510
is not needed

1627
01:20:22,510 --> 01:20:25,929
your data is inside our system and it
stays there you can get all the data

1628
01:20:25,929 --> 01:20:27,310
back if you want to

1629
01:20:27,310 --> 01:20:31,900
but what is important is that we use the
information to deliver advertising

1630
01:20:31,900 --> 01:20:34,280
which is our business model and
everybody knows that

1631
01:20:34,280 --> 01:20:38,170
hoping that that information to guess
you will actually be of interest to you

1632
01:20:38,170 --> 01:20:40,510
so the purpose behind the information
that we're

1633
01:20:40,510 --> 01:20:41,699
accumulating

1634
01:20:41,699 --> 01:20:46,539
uh... is to deliver advertising which is
more over to you then than just build

1635
01:20:46,539 --> 01:20:47,840
blanket at

1636
01:20:47,840 --> 01:20:51,110
and for many people that kind of
advertising is actually don't you think

1637
01:20:51,110 --> 01:20:55,909
that like advertising it feels like
useful

1638
01:20:55,909 --> 01:20:58,000
and say

1639
01:20:58,000 --> 01:20:59,530
i can't hear it

1640
01:20:59,530 --> 01:21:03,030
hoboken given the microphone

1641
01:21:03,030 --> 01:21:09,269
thank you it's a good sense of those
data using honest i think i think it was

1642
01:21:09,269 --> 01:21:12,429
well let's see if i were politician i
would say that's a hypothetical and i

1643
01:21:12,429 --> 01:21:14,360
don't wanna go ahead

1644
01:21:14,360 --> 01:21:19,209
but it seems to me that that uh... the
data is so important and so uh...

1645
01:21:19,209 --> 01:21:23,600
resilient reviews firstly mystery
present

1646
01:21:23,600 --> 01:21:26,790
uh... that we would in one trial

1647
01:21:26,790 --> 01:21:30,520
if we did that i don't think company
would survive the trip response

1648
01:21:30,520 --> 01:21:32,740
so i'm doubtful certainly the current

1649
01:21:32,740 --> 01:21:34,850
absolutely record

1650
01:21:34,850 --> 01:21:36,919
okay we have time for just or more

1651
01:21:36,919 --> 01:21:40,739
still ahead is that none of them

1652
01:21:40,739 --> 01:21:42,500
uh... thanks again for the talks

1653
01:21:42,500 --> 01:21:46,490
juggle is always of my partner should
actually follows up with a couple go of

1654
01:21:46,490 --> 01:21:50,280
regarding uh... that the future of sort
of uh... Internet protocols at best but

1655
01:21:50,280 --> 01:21:52,249
dynamic nishant works

1656
01:21:52,249 --> 01:21:55,979
uh... certainly you know we have muscles
of mobile phones here but if the g<u>s</u>

1657
01:21:55,979 --> 01:22:00,769
ever wifi goes down the kind of useless
um... and certainly for places where

1658
01:22:00,769 --> 01:22:03,989
s<u>a</u>t_ jeopardy and that you know
backbone was ticket down toward a crisis

1659
01:22:03,989 --> 01:22:07,399
situation where the infrastructure has
available the phones and most of these

1660
01:22:07,399 --> 01:22:11,459
devices are not programs to talk to
things that aren't next to so uh... i

1661
01:22:11,459 --> 01:22:13,239
mean yet from what they've done uh...

1662
01:22:13,239 --> 01:22:16,979
standpoint you know what was said to be
involved in giving them so i really love

1663
01:22:16,979 --> 01:22:17,979
the idea

1664
01:22:17,979 --> 01:22:22,789
but while i was still fairly visiting
many dancing on the s

1665
01:22:22,789 --> 01:22:26,590
we prepared a report on public safety
networking and that was exactly one of

1666
01:22:26,590 --> 01:22:28,050
the things we pointed out

1667
01:22:28,050 --> 01:22:31,230
this type of a safety net actors to use
l<u>t</u>v_

1668
01:22:31,230 --> 01:22:34,480
and when things are normally okay that's
probably all right

1669
01:22:34,480 --> 01:22:37,920
but at some point when you have to train
our you know sandy here we have some

1670
01:22:37,920 --> 01:22:39,170
other kind of that

1671
01:22:39,170 --> 01:22:40,610
man made or otherwise

1672
01:22:40,610 --> 01:22:44,880
infrastructure may not be there are all
than for example made even his air can't

1673
01:22:44,880 --> 01:22:48,840
get any of the gasoline or daniel or
what have you the diesel fuel

1674
01:22:48,840 --> 01:22:50,179
direct generators

1675
01:22:50,179 --> 01:22:54,269
i would really love the idea that our
devices could be linked together in a

1676
01:22:54,269 --> 01:22:55,679
message that were

1677
01:22:55,679 --> 01:22:59,150
i think that that's helped the system
argues that homework citizen mesh

1678
01:22:59,150 --> 01:23:01,530
network it's automatically some format

1679
01:23:01,530 --> 01:23:07,349
i'm a big fan cooperating that
capability into on our devices now

1680
01:23:07,349 --> 01:23:10,630
keep in mind that privacy suggest that
we should be encrypting anyway and in

1681
01:23:10,630 --> 01:23:12,320
order to take advantage of that

1682
01:23:12,320 --> 01:23:15,450
you certainly don't want to use a mesh
network in which everybody gets taken by

1683
01:23:15,450 --> 01:23:17,650
a hot dogs and mixed metaphors

1684
01:23:17,650 --> 01:23:18,980
when you try to get one

1685
01:23:18,980 --> 01:23:20,469
at the baseball game

1686
01:23:20,469 --> 01:23:24,400
so uh... you really want to be able to
use and doing capability that i would

1687
01:23:24,400 --> 01:23:27,100
really like the idea incorporating that

1688
01:23:27,100 --> 01:23:31,139
that would make for much more resilient
system

1689
01:23:31,139 --> 01:23:32,949
selling the picture

1690
01:23:32,949 --> 01:23:39,949
okay maybe two more than that i'm ready
to go who's got the money

1691
01:23:40,830 --> 01:23:41,909
following up on that

1692
01:23:41,909 --> 01:23:44,870
uh... it seems that most of our
programming languages ritually

1693
01:23:44,870 --> 01:23:48,670
antiquated their dirtier towards
programming a single clock misco

1694
01:23:48,670 --> 01:23:49,689
computer

1695
01:23:49,689 --> 01:23:52,899
and not on the distributed uh... not not
about

1696
01:23:52,899 --> 01:23:55,889
taking advantage of distribution and
that's

1697
01:23:55,889 --> 01:23:59,379
patents levels of complex and what do
you see I'd heard of a great language

1698
01:23:59,379 --> 01:24:03,429
today bloom coming up quickly

1699
01:24:03,429 --> 01:24:06,340
experimental in which a morning what
else and i personally a big banner

1700
01:24:06,340 --> 01:24:08,650
relying which is twenty years old

1701
01:24:08,650 --> 01:24:13,570
uh... and everybody sees between ketchup
relying so wbc so i don't actually see a

1702
01:24:13,570 --> 01:24:15,629
number of things going on first of all

1703
01:24:15,629 --> 01:24:19,760
we have program on what the court
systems

1704
01:24:19,760 --> 01:24:22,550
m that in itself is a challenge

1705
01:24:22,550 --> 01:24:26,020
uh... the clock speeds are not to keep
going up in the otherwise chips a little

1706
01:24:26,020 --> 01:24:28,230
because too much power goes into them so

1707
01:24:28,230 --> 01:24:32,889
uh... we have to deal with that already
have a google was well that other thing

1708
01:24:32,889 --> 01:24:34,909
is that uh...

1709
01:24:34,909 --> 01:24:38,520
i really like the idea doing parallel
processing

1710
01:24:38,520 --> 01:24:41,260
but look at what we've been able to do
in a very

1711
01:24:41,260 --> 01:24:45,250
on way where we split some tests out

1712
01:24:45,250 --> 01:24:47,499
usable parallel strains

1713
01:24:47,499 --> 01:24:51,500
that doesn't require any special
programming to do that seti at home

1714
01:24:51,500 --> 01:24:53,099
and the protein folding

1715
01:24:53,099 --> 01:24:55,820
uh... activity who simply parity of
simple

1716
01:24:55,820 --> 01:24:57,659
single processor

1717
01:24:57,659 --> 01:25:02,510
software insists it is being executed
simultaneously allied member systems

1718
01:25:02,510 --> 01:25:05,030
a lot of our applications at the same

1719
01:25:05,030 --> 01:25:09,340
we we taped testimony waited up into
large numbers of karo

1720
01:25:09,340 --> 01:25:10,690
uh... processes

1721
01:25:10,690 --> 01:25:15,690
that don't require simultaneously is of
course each corresponding in some

1722
01:25:15,690 --> 01:25:16,739
operation

1723
01:25:16,739 --> 01:25:19,539
we've been able to get away with that
for the kinds of applications that we

1724
01:25:19,539 --> 01:25:20,439
had

1725
01:25:20,439 --> 01:25:23,469
but when we start getting into
large-scale simulations now it is to be

1726
01:25:23,469 --> 01:25:25,760
very different because then you end up

1727
01:25:25,760 --> 01:25:31,889
having uh... either single instruction
stream running against a over i a m data

1728
01:25:31,889 --> 01:25:34,949
that's uh... seven s i n d

1729
01:25:34,949 --> 01:25:37,380
sings traffic stream oracle data stream

1730
01:25:37,380 --> 01:25:43,789
or what you're thinking family more
structures statement strings there are

1731
01:25:43,789 --> 01:25:45,360
languages for that

1732
01:25:45,360 --> 01:25:49,679
but some of them are really archaic one
of those called put near the grand

1733
01:25:49,679 --> 01:25:52,690
amelia four back in the nineteen
seventies

1734
01:25:52,690 --> 01:25:56,210
nobody can figure out how to program
usually hard goodyear sounds like

1735
01:25:56,210 --> 01:25:58,830
something that very few people couldn't
even speak

1736
01:25:58,830 --> 01:26:01,159
seven or something

1737
01:26:01,159 --> 01:26:02,639
thousand a day

1738
01:26:02,639 --> 01:26:05,460
uh... so i suspect that there is real

1739
01:26:05,460 --> 01:26:08,879
for serious sulfur language development

1740
01:26:08,879 --> 01:26:13,989
and it's a challenge for a cm its
members to start pushing direction

1741
01:26:13,989 --> 01:26:17,249
someone actually uh... hope for

1742
01:26:17,249 --> 01:26:20,769
that platforms that are going to become
available will return with force us into

1743
01:26:20,769 --> 01:26:23,959
thinking new kinds of programming
parents

1744
01:26:23,959 --> 01:26:27,489
some of them are result her a-level
languages

1745
01:26:27,489 --> 01:26:30,949
which highlights some of the underlying
simplicity complexity

1746
01:26:30,949 --> 01:26:32,159
of the systems

1747
01:26:32,159 --> 01:26:33,670
so idea

1748
01:26:33,670 --> 01:26:37,920
and maybe you have some ideas to pursue
that better but if you go and others do

1749
01:26:37,920 --> 01:26:41,640
it sure hope that you make a note to the
competency cm

1750
01:26:41,640 --> 01:26:42,980
so we can

1751
01:26:42,980 --> 01:26:45,109
one morning and we really need a break

1752
01:26:45,109 --> 01:26:48,629
his uh... you can follow up on some of
the things you mentioned about ah...

1753
01:26:48,629 --> 01:26:50,530
intellectual property and and

1754
01:26:50,530 --> 01:26:54,510
i'm curious about your views on the
roles of accuser of the government

1755
01:26:54,510 --> 01:26:57,880
releasing you know more of its own
essentially

1756
01:26:57,880 --> 01:27:02,449
uh... at peak is that there is this new
is yet another ticket order about uh...

1757
01:27:02,449 --> 01:27:04,209
that came from the white house about

1758
01:27:04,209 --> 01:27:07,539
releasing opened it and through the
economic potential molly options roundup

1759
01:27:07,539 --> 01:27:11,070
in data uh... hasn't been a lot of
activity a on that front and there's a

1760
01:27:11,070 --> 01:27:14,479
lot more activity on open source in
government as well combat but it can be

1761
01:27:14,479 --> 01:27:17,770
kind of nixon's uh... um... basis

1762
01:27:17,770 --> 01:27:21,900
uh... you know as an example i was i was
reading at some history uh... of arpan

1763
01:27:21,900 --> 01:27:23,649
and there is an example of

1764
01:27:23,649 --> 01:27:27,099
um... bbn which i guess was one of those
who've been companies involved being

1765
01:27:27,099 --> 01:27:28,579
hesitant release

1766
01:27:28,579 --> 01:27:32,550
the uh... stars could i'm behind the
uh... i decided to use the packet

1767
01:27:32,550 --> 01:27:36,809
switching computers um... and eventually
that you know that uh... turn around and

1768
01:27:36,809 --> 01:27:38,959
and stands up and

1769
01:27:38,959 --> 01:27:42,199
but i'm curious to know what if you're
the government what it would really you

1770
01:27:42,199 --> 01:27:45,489
know how do you find the balance between
whose opportunist to use it as

1771
01:27:45,489 --> 01:27:49,639
established in open platform that people
can bowl economic you know

1772
01:27:49,639 --> 01:27:53,590
cap on top of and abductees verses he
did something small you just you know

1773
01:27:53,590 --> 01:27:57,250
it's just a quality piece of software
it's less important what you see of the

1774
01:27:57,250 --> 01:28:01,090
sort of opportunities the bounce
immigration well at first of all a

1775
01:28:01,090 --> 01:28:05,090
little in this uh... big failure opening

1776
01:28:05,090 --> 01:28:10,189
uh... access to publications opening
sister gave reducing

1777
01:28:10,189 --> 01:28:15,159
it was a stiffer and ways to do that not
just a city cm properties

1778
01:28:15,159 --> 01:28:17,550
uh... also in the big thing

1779
01:28:17,550 --> 01:28:20,929
of trying to preserve information i
mentioned that earlier the digital no

1780
01:28:20,929 --> 01:28:23,770
ideas is that one of those

1781
01:28:23,770 --> 01:28:27,059
uh... i think the increasingly

1782
01:28:27,059 --> 01:28:31,110
we're going to find people and capable
of writing their own software we

1783
01:28:31,110 --> 01:28:34,760
wouldn't have remember when spreadsheets
came out way back when they're in their

1784
01:28:34,760 --> 01:28:36,719
yes in the early eighties

1785
01:28:36,719 --> 01:28:40,480
everybody became programmers of
spreadsheets and they had been formally

1786
01:28:40,480 --> 01:28:42,469
trained to write software

1787
01:28:42,469 --> 01:28:46,299
don't go to imagine that as we work our
way up into higher higher level and

1788
01:28:46,299 --> 01:28:49,089
which is that more and more people will
have the ability to either to write

1789
01:28:49,089 --> 01:28:50,979
their own software or share

1790
01:28:50,979 --> 01:28:52,090
with each other

1791
01:28:52,090 --> 01:28:59,090
out so if i think that unless we get
into this uh... dabbled

1792
01:28:59,420 --> 01:29:03,600
preventing people from sharing their
software work sharing what they their

1793
01:29:03,600 --> 01:29:05,590
their intellectual property

1794
01:29:05,590 --> 01:29:08,599
uh... we'll have a higher probability of
uh...

1795
01:29:08,599 --> 01:29:11,429
being able to take advantage of
everybody's

1796
01:29:11,429 --> 01:29:12,510
skills

1797
01:29:12,510 --> 01:29:15,309
via writing software that's open this
more likely

1798
01:29:15,309 --> 01:29:22,309
you source models i don't know whether
they disagree organic

1799
01:29:25,619 --> 01:29:27,319
anderson companies that

1800
01:29:27,319 --> 01:29:30,939
uh... that right software that are
largely funded by government and it's

1801
01:29:30,939 --> 01:29:35,689
and and the softer is not open uh...
over in the same is not open right so so

1802
01:29:35,689 --> 01:29:39,920
well i can tell you that distant cut
this short to the records get outta here

1803
01:29:39,920 --> 01:29:43,329
the government's already spoken at least
itself

1804
01:29:43,329 --> 01:29:44,530
and the white house

1805
01:29:44,530 --> 01:29:46,260
well s<u>d</u>p_ saying

1806
01:29:46,260 --> 01:29:48,409
the government sponsored stuff

1807
01:29:48,409 --> 01:29:50,469
needs to be system

1808
01:29:50,469 --> 01:29:53,599
well you know there are a whole bunch of
questions about winners of the excessive

1809
01:29:53,599 --> 01:29:56,380
over the world to take the get to retain
the data

1810
01:29:56,380 --> 01:29:59,469
per period of time for you start your
own

1811
01:29:59,469 --> 01:30:01,989
but commercial rights are argument

1812
01:30:01,989 --> 01:30:03,550
that shows up

1813
01:30:03,550 --> 01:30:05,570
uh... when you have government contracts

1814
01:30:05,570 --> 01:30:09,880
and grants and things of that kind and
that's a negotiated side if these

1815
01:30:09,880 --> 01:30:13,599
government goes the way it seems to be
in eight years in prison

1816
01:30:13,599 --> 01:30:16,959
for people who were working under
government grant to make available with

1817
01:30:16,959 --> 01:30:17,919
them

1818
01:30:17,919 --> 01:30:21,190
if the general public will still be an
argument over commercial lines

1819
01:30:21,190 --> 01:30:24,800
and so this is not a trivial thing to
respond to that certainly the trend

1820
01:30:24,800 --> 01:30:27,199
right now sockets and her

1821
01:30:27,199 --> 01:30:30,569
okay that's all the time we got a
ninety-two students but thank you very

1822
01:30:30,569 --> 01:30:30,819
much