0:00:00.089,0:00:03.960
evening thank you for coming out to dc[br]acm's may presentation
0:00:03.960,0:00:06.030
on reinventing the Internet
0:00:06.030,0:00:08.459
i'm andrew conkland cherokee cac_ m
0:00:08.459,0:00:15.459
it's my pleasure to welcome you to[br]google dc
0:00:15.909,0:00:19.349
I'd like to take a moment here to think[br]that people in the dissident possible
0:00:19.349,0:00:22.949
starting with the car let anthony's and[br]google pc
0:00:22.949,0:00:27.220
I'd also like to think the chapter board[br]for helping to put this on and
0:00:27.220,0:00:28.699
all the communication they did
0:00:28.699,0:00:30.800
in fact that lake all of them
0:00:30.800,0:00:32.119
stand up right now
0:00:32.119,0:00:36.500
to show who they are
0:00:36.500,0:00:43.500
so feel free a
0:00:43.530,0:00:49.040
uh... please be sure to grab one of a[br]man to chat with him after this is over
0:00:49.040,0:00:51.149
also that the bank Internet Society for
0:00:51.149,0:00:52.900
uh... the live stream tonight
0:00:52.900,0:00:55.110
and of course uh... the Internet
0:00:55.110,0:00:58.110
for making this possible
0:00:58.110,0:01:01.290
if not for the Internet we would be a[br]running events through large
0:01:01.290,0:01:02.910
bureaucratic committees
0:01:02.910,0:01:04.050
snail mail
0:01:04.050,0:01:05.559
and we would more than
0:01:05.559,0:01:09.610
close we've more closely adhered to the[br]by-laws of dc a cm
0:01:09.610,0:01:16.230
uh... that's a half joke
0:01:16.230,0:01:19.970
uh... the association for computing[br]machinery or a cm dot org is an
0:01:19.970,0:01:23.580
educational scientific computing society[br]for academics and practitioners in
0:01:23.580,0:01:24.950
computing
0:01:24.950,0:01:28.280
it consists of international chapters[br]conferences workshops
0:01:28.280,0:01:30.510
special interest groups
0:01:30.510,0:01:34.960
uh... professional development resources[br]an additional library of white papers
0:01:34.960,0:01:36.149
uh... our chapter
0:01:36.149,0:01:37.900
are chapters focus is
0:01:37.900,0:01:40.619
presented appear which is
0:01:40.619,0:01:44.100
bringing uh... presentations from[br]academic institutions
0:01:44.100,0:01:46.260
uh... into the community
0:01:46.260,0:01:48.320
professional development for appears
0:01:48.320,0:01:55.320
and participation in the in our local[br]community
0:02:00.520,0:02:01.880
for the party
0:02:01.880,0:02:05.530
term is almost up uh... this year and i[br]want to talk a couple of couple
0:02:05.530,0:02:06.640
highlights
0:02:06.640,0:02:09.950
we've had some very interesting[br]presentations in the past year
0:02:09.950,0:02:12.569
here's a short list of them
0:02:12.569,0:02:14.099
most recently computer vision with
0:02:14.099,0:02:18.120
docked with doctor larry davis at the[br]university of maryland
0:02:18.120,0:02:20.079
very good talk uh... soft
0:02:20.079,0:02:23.859
cleansing intrusion tolerance wasn't the[br]one i had no idea about and that was
0:02:23.859,0:02:25.199
about uh...
0:02:25.199,0:02:27.159
virtual machines flops within
0:02:27.159,0:02:29.779
within minutes and then it within forty[br]five seconds
0:02:29.779,0:02:36.249
with data persistence it was a very very[br]compelling taught
0:02:36.249,0:02:39.419
and then there's a couple others here[br]knowledge discovery now analysis
0:02:39.419,0:02:41.499
organizational social capital
0:02:41.499,0:02:44.619
we also a little while back we had a[br]dinner with richard solomon
0:02:44.619,0:02:46.979
of the free software foundation
0:02:46.979,0:02:53.979
that was so sick at dinner
0:02:54.009,0:02:58.629
and now here's a couple of stats so the[br]species yummy dot group we started about
0:02:58.629,0:03:01.989
a year ago we now have forty porn twenty[br]eight members
0:03:01.989,0:03:04.889
there's another meet up group we've been[br]running called bcn idols which is an
0:03:04.889,0:03:06.090
after-hours
0:03:06.090,0:03:07.659
working community
0:03:07.659,0:03:09.620
self-starter meets once a week
0:03:09.620,0:03:14.629
about a forty attendees we had a a[br]congressman come out couple weeks ago
0:03:14.629,0:03:18.999
is having us into uh... the capitol[br]building com complex for core concession
0:03:18.999,0:03:22.169
and there's a lot of interesting doers[br]and salsa orders that are building
0:03:22.169,0:03:24.599
business ventures
0:03:24.599,0:03:26.789
hobbyists freelance
0:03:26.789,0:03:28.709
and other committee other every week
0:03:28.709,0:03:34.499
recommend checking it out
0:03:34.499,0:03:37.819
and then from i three and a half years[br]here helping with the cac_ emma have a
0:03:37.819,0:03:40.959
couple of takeaways
0:03:40.959,0:03:43.659
very obvious ones it would seem on paper
0:03:43.659,0:03:45.870
uh... the first one is
0:03:45.870,0:03:47.999
helped many people around you
0:03:47.999,0:03:50.319
uh... through putting on talks in[br]putting on professional development
0:03:50.319,0:03:52.679
courses
0:03:52.679,0:03:54.449
a lot of people benefit from it
0:03:54.449,0:03:57.759
and you can do that through this chapter
0:03:57.759,0:04:03.149
the more people people to help
0:04:03.149,0:04:04.409
and you grow because of it
0:04:04.409,0:04:07.719
suv that leads into the next slide
0:04:07.719,0:04:08.949
which is
0:04:08.949,0:04:09.750
called for
0:04:09.750,0:04:12.589
she sees him board numbers candidates
0:04:12.589,0:04:15.069
that santa and in a couple days
0:04:15.069,0:04:19.199
and we are going to have our elections[br]next month month as well
0:04:19.199,0:04:22.289
and I'd like to take a moment here to[br]secretly have a community announcement
0:04:22.289,0:04:29.289
they'd like to make
0:04:30.149,0:04:31.050
extender
0:04:31.050,0:04:34.379
i put flyers out on the table out front[br]this is for the
0:04:34.379,0:04:38.759
university of maryland human-computer[br]interaction a lab thirty s annual
0:04:38.759,0:04:44.949
symposium coming up next week in college[br]park ec aisles been doing leading edge
0:04:44.949,0:04:49.059
interface work for decades ob engine[br]item and found that the the lab it's now
0:04:49.059,0:04:52.770
on its third fourth director it's a[br]great event and the flyers out there if
0:04:52.770,0:04:59.770
you can't get a flyer disability i olson[br]posey 'em and you'll find a link to it
0:05:04.699,0:05:06.259
administers the keller
0:05:06.259,0:05:09.409
amanda ceo_ and founder of programming
0:05:09.409,0:05:10.340
uh... it's a new
0:05:10.340,0:05:13.690
all-female software training program in[br]dc
0:05:13.690,0:05:16.889
uh... cell and going to be hosting[br]workshops
0:05:16.889,0:05:19.560
and a full ten week uh... programming[br]fellowship
0:05:19.560,0:05:20.960
for women's learn
0:05:20.960,0:05:25.099
on how to code in python so if anyone is[br]interested in that town looking for
0:05:25.099,0:05:26.740
supporters
0:05:26.740,0:05:33.740
uh... hiring organizations and student[br]self company after its just
0:05:36.050,0:05:39.360
and jeff alexander i'm actually on the[br]board all of the um... technology
0:05:39.360,0:05:41.370
transfer society of dc
0:05:41.370,0:05:45.120
and we're actually having an event at[br]lunch on wednesday called code breakers
0:05:45.120,0:05:50.410
include makers john hume into is a long[br]time and please now as i will talk about
0:05:50.410,0:05:53.569
those and other people involved in world[br]war two
0:05:53.569,0:05:59.400
code development and code breaking uh...[br]in the war if that the nazis
0:05:59.400,0:06:03.240
uh... lessons we can learn about how to[br]manage innovation from that experience
0:06:03.240,0:06:07.229
so it sat down southeast universe user[br]universities association which is just
0:06:07.229,0:06:11.439
over here up on a block away out google[br]tech transfer society dc chapter no
0:06:11.439,0:06:18.439
find thanks
0:06:21.009,0:06:23.720
payments to a breeze a massive from dc[br]government
0:06:23.720,0:06:26.919
dc more nurses that helped support[br]tech sector
0:06:26.919,0:06:30.689
public original basin is that we've got[br]to work with some terms here
0:06:30.689,0:06:33.160
let me know if you have in a bit company[br]or if you
0:06:33.160,0:06:34.100
and
0:06:34.100,0:06:41.100
sobered by the sponsors
0:06:46.650,0:06:51.160
i'm mike nelson slumber government and[br]i'm also very involved in society dc
0:06:51.160,0:06:52.289
chapter
0:06:52.289,0:06:53.639
we're very glad to be
0:06:53.639,0:06:57.199
providing live streaming here but we're[br]also wanted to announce that next
0:06:57.199,0:07:01.389
thursday twenty-third morning we're[br]doing an event at the center for
0:07:01.389,0:07:06.210
strategic and international studies[br]geopolitics Internet governance
0:07:06.210,0:07:13.210
why other people want to take that away[br]from us
0:07:20.310,0:07:24.479
higham shown themselves and you know[br]it's uh... to the community dc adjust
0:07:24.479,0:07:27.650
general announcements we have some very[br]interesting things going on one were
0:07:27.650,0:07:28.680
working with
0:07:28.680,0:07:32.049
uh... teach you to reduce so it's kind[br]of exciting to do that
0:07:32.049,0:07:35.869
and uh... we also have some interesting[br]things going on we're working with
0:07:35.869,0:07:37.979
partnering with the smithsonian soon
0:07:37.979,0:07:41.230
uh... we uh... have a couple of that's[br]coming up soon
0:07:41.230,0:07:44.650
visit our data kennedy dc dot org page
0:07:44.650,0:07:48.009
uh... we'd have
0:07:48.009,0:07:50.530
so if i feel like the governor from[br]texas
0:07:50.530,0:07:52.639
i forgot
0:07:52.639,0:07:59.639
but there's a lot of great lots going on[br]there like you to check it
0:08:04.009,0:08:05.229
pickett
0:08:05.229,0:08:09.039
without a for the delay in its my own[br]urge introduce tonight speaker
0:08:09.039,0:08:12.269
dr irvine surface served as vice[br]president chief Internet evangelists for
0:08:12.269,0:08:14.459
google since october two thousand five
0:08:14.459,0:08:18.809
surf is a former senior vice president[br]technology strategy for mci_
0:08:18.809,0:08:22.459
widely known as one of the fathers of[br]the Internet surf is the code designer
0:08:22.459,0:08:26.239
of the t cpi_ p protocols in the[br]architecture of the Internet
0:08:26.239,0:08:29.609
he performed this work during his tenure[br]with the us department of defense is
0:08:29.609,0:08:32.010
advanced research projects agency
0:08:32.010,0:08:35.380
surface acquired numerous uh...[br]accolades over the years in ninety four
0:08:35.380,0:08:39.200
he was listed in people magazine's[br]twenty five most intriguing people
0:08:39.200,0:08:42.000
ninety seven you received the us[br]national medal of technology by
0:08:42.000,0:08:43.130
president clinton
0:08:43.130,0:08:44.960
two thousand for the cm
0:08:44.960,0:08:46.400
during award
0:08:46.400,0:08:50.530
two thousand five the presidential medal[br]of freedom by president bush
0:08:50.530,0:08:53.510
and twenty thirteen years appointed by[br]president obama to serve on the national
0:08:53.510,0:08:54.970
science port
0:08:54.970,0:08:58.530
that doctor men served has either[br]started chairs or is currently a fellow
0:08:58.530,0:09:02.710
at virtually every reputable Internet[br]technology related association on the
0:09:02.710,0:09:06.460
planet
0:09:06.460,0:09:10.550
if you're looking for a conversation[br]starter ask him about leonard nimoy
0:09:10.550,0:09:12.650
jet propulsion laboratory
0:09:12.650,0:09:18.360
and what it's like to be married before[br]the Internet existed
0:09:18.360,0:09:20.520
ladies and gentlemen it's with great[br]privilege
0:09:20.520,0:09:23.730
i ask you please join me in welcoming[br]the president of the association for
0:09:23.730,0:09:25.250
computing machinery
0:09:25.250,0:09:32.250
doctor vincent
0:09:34.120,0:09:38.970
well thank you welcome to the uh...[br]google bc daycare center coffee knows
0:09:38.970,0:09:41.490
all the primary colors everything else
0:09:41.490,0:09:47.350
uh... it's really pressure to really is[br]it's a story for me started please that
0:09:47.350,0:09:49.380
the uh... htm chapter
0:09:49.380,0:09:52.309
came to us and yesterday was that[br]possible
0:09:52.309,0:09:54.910
and i certainly appreciate Internet[br]society sound
0:09:54.910,0:09:57.060
strain of this uh... activity
0:09:57.060,0:10:00.370
uh... this is a special kind of event[br]for me in a way because three of the
0:10:00.370,0:10:04.310
organizations that i care a great deal[br]about are represented here high stock
0:10:04.310,0:10:05.540
service
0:10:05.540,0:10:06.810
first president
0:10:06.810,0:10:10.380
pcm racers current president
0:10:10.380,0:10:14.170
uh... where i served as one of the past[br]presidents of uh... means a lot to me to
0:10:14.170,0:10:16.190
see all three of these organizations
0:10:16.190,0:10:19.220
uh... collaborating together tonight's[br]event
0:10:19.220,0:10:22.910
uh... i thought i would mention one[br]thing before the committee formal
0:10:22.910,0:10:24.090
presentation
0:10:24.090,0:10:27.640
uh... that nineteen ninety-four of[br]people magazine thing was a bit of a
0:10:27.640,0:10:31.780
surprise to me i don't quite know how[br]the figured out that that was because
0:10:31.780,0:10:37.360
Internet was not terribly widely known[br]the general public it was
0:10:37.360,0:10:39.940
this is world wide web site show up
0:10:39.940,0:10:43.650
but uh... the irony of all this is that[br]my wife
0:10:43.650,0:10:46.160
lost her she was three
0:10:46.160,0:10:50.540
got to call their implants won in ninety[br]six and one in two thousand six ten
0:10:50.540,0:10:51.710
years later
0:10:51.710,0:10:56.000
her story a soldier manickam wonderfully[br]compelling that they sent the photos
0:10:56.000,0:11:00.580
came out for three days traffickers he[br]got sixties people
0:11:00.580,0:11:03.120
in nineteen ninety eight and that's[br]always been the source of your
0:11:03.120,0:11:08.880
suggestion in the house alone i haven't[br]been able to get back in again
0:11:08.880,0:11:10.760
seconds and what to do it
0:11:10.760,0:11:14.220
mission is that uh... that you'll be[br]pleased i hope to know
0:11:14.220,0:11:17.530
that Internet and the world wide web[br]have been rescued
0:11:17.530,0:11:19.290
it's bright store
0:11:19.290,0:11:23.030
uh... source as a major engineering[br]achievement
0:11:23.030,0:11:26.990
dot that we think of the ec internal[br]organs being nobel prize in computer
0:11:26.990,0:11:29.690
science but there isn't anything for[br]engineering
0:11:29.690,0:11:32.010
well system
0:11:32.010,0:11:36.450
there is a queen elizabeth props for[br]engineering it was uh... established
0:11:36.450,0:11:37.650
last year
0:11:37.650,0:11:38.640
is warranted
0:11:38.640,0:11:41.240
every two years to uh...
0:11:41.240,0:11:44.680
obtuse now up to five people originally[br]up to three
0:11:44.680,0:11:48.490
uh... but now it's up to five it's a one[br]million pound crimes that's about a
0:11:48.490,0:11:50.290
million and a half dollars
0:11:50.290,0:11:54.210
by honda conversely mark increasing
0:11:54.210,0:11:55.260
uh...
0:11:55.260,0:11:56.610
leaders are
0:11:56.610,0:11:59.640
all were announces winners of the first
0:11:59.640,0:12:01.390
team field uh...
0:12:01.390,0:12:02.950
hearing his
0:12:02.950,0:12:04.680
and what is done
0:12:04.680,0:12:06.100
very ironic is that
0:12:06.100,0:12:11.820
my wife and are moving to london for six[br]months it for uh... some work for global
0:12:11.820,0:12:12.459
and
0:12:12.459,0:12:13.730
less than a week
0:12:13.730,0:12:16.530
after we arrived in
0:12:16.530,0:12:19.950
we won't have lunch with the lord mayor[br]of london
0:12:19.950,0:12:23.940
we will go on it and still line with the[br]prime minister
0:12:23.940,0:12:26.379
then we will go house where we
0:12:26.379,0:12:29.259
need queen elizabeth and she will be and[br]each of us a check for two hundred
0:12:29.259,0:12:30.710
thousand pairs
0:12:30.710,0:12:33.590
and that's all
0:12:33.590,0:12:34.450
threat
0:12:34.450,0:12:41.450
is it work
0:12:41.770,0:12:45.930
fun tonight when i thought i would do is[br]just give you a sense for database of
0:12:45.930,0:12:48.870
the current state of the Internet which[br]most of you if you are very familiar
0:12:48.870,0:12:49.740
with
0:12:49.740,0:12:54.370
so the transit we can already see are[br]happy to its only if occasions of those
0:12:54.370,0:12:55.340
trends
0:12:55.340,0:12:59.790
and then some of the problems places[br]that we all have with him
0:12:59.790,0:13:03.800
not only in interest and i feel[br]responsible for pursuing
0:13:03.800,0:13:06.660
let's let's start this was some simple[br]statistics
0:13:06.660,0:13:11.700
uh... these data rather out of date I'd[br]andy organizations that have been
0:13:11.700,0:13:16.350
producing them had not pleased to my[br]knowledge produced anything more reason
0:13:16.350,0:13:19.880
although the last time i was a couple[br]weeks ago so that i could be wrote about
0:13:19.880,0:13:20.800
that
0:13:20.800,0:13:25.179
but the on nine hundred million devices[br]that are visible on the net with uh...
0:13:25.179,0:13:29.210
domain names and generally speaking[br]fixed ip addresses are the servers
0:13:29.210,0:13:33.220
that are on the system they don't count[br]their laptops desktops and other things
0:13:33.220,0:13:36.860
that are episodic reconnected if you add[br]all those
0:13:36.860,0:13:40.350
uh... then you're getting close to the[br]two-and-a-half three billion devices of
0:13:40.350,0:13:44.050
others in any way for us to actually you[br]know that for sure there's no central
0:13:44.050,0:13:48.150
registry for many that in terms of the[br]number of users in mid year last year
0:13:48.150,0:13:52.110
was two point four billion my guess is[br]it could be easy to argue that there are
0:13:52.110,0:13:54.450
three billion users now behind
0:13:54.450,0:13:58.160
uh... it's all part of town because the[br]six-and-a-half billion role models that
0:13:58.160,0:13:59.290
are out there
0:13:59.290,0:14:02.830
uh... some fraction may be on the order[br]of twenty percent today and probably
0:14:02.830,0:14:05.800
fifty or hundred-percent figures from[br]them
0:14:05.800,0:14:10.010
uh... will that help and support from[br]capability and they'll be able to reach
0:14:10.010,0:14:12.290
unity and so a lot of people
0:14:12.290,0:14:14.710
are getting onto the Internet with their[br]first experience
0:14:14.710,0:14:17.790
from a while and for many of them may[br]stay that way
0:14:17.790,0:14:23.280
although as time goes on has cost them[br]their as new technologies arise more and
0:14:23.280,0:14:27.600
more people have multiple devices they[br]can use to interact with the network
0:14:27.600,0:14:31.500
so one meaning that I'd like to leave[br]you with tonight is that i believe that
0:14:31.500,0:14:32.380
our
0:14:32.380,0:14:37.000
early uh... experience interacting with[br]that one device at the time
0:14:37.000,0:14:41.540
will change over time and that we will[br]be using mobile devices concurrently
0:14:41.540,0:14:43.290
to make use of the net i'm wearing blue
0:14:43.290,0:14:46.760
glass today last is connected to the[br]Internet
0:14:46.760,0:14:52.730
uh... actor and often display keep being[br]distracted but if i cap it on the side
0:14:52.730,0:14:57.320
uh... it says uh... is waiting for me to[br]say something so i'll say okay class
0:14:57.320,0:14:59.110
take a picture
0:14:59.110,0:15:02.360
it just took the pictures from the[br]people here this is a voice-activated
0:15:02.360,0:15:05.390
device intracranial read about it
0:15:05.390,0:15:09.400
uh... we expect to have about with two[br]thousand mountain news today were
0:15:09.400,0:15:12.660
wrapping up to ten thousand by the end[br]the year
0:15:12.660,0:15:15.680
and then we don't
0:15:15.680,0:15:20.350
they're not being sold directly people[br]have to apply it may have to offer a a a
0:15:20.350,0:15:24.070
description of what it is a proposed new[br]what we're interested in doing is
0:15:24.070,0:15:28.430
getting these in the hands of people[br]actually investigators say applications
0:15:28.430,0:15:33.020
uh... this week so essendon pay for the[br]use of the fifteen hundred dollars each
0:15:33.020,0:15:33.930
today
0:15:33.930,0:15:37.460
I'd have no clue what it's going to look[br]like in two thousand fourteen to one
0:15:37.460,0:15:41.170
posted as the quantities increase the[br]price p
0:15:41.170,0:15:42.390
potentially come down
0:15:42.390,0:15:46.400
so these are yet again another time[br]device connected to the net and one
0:15:46.400,0:15:51.650
thing and tonight's discussion is[br]increasing number of m
0:15:51.650,0:15:55.870
propriety of devices that are part of[br]the Internet environment
0:15:55.870,0:15:59.320
interesting statistic again this[br]familiar last year
0:15:59.320,0:16:02.090
is where people are we're using the net
0:16:02.090,0:16:06.820
uh... ten years ago north america was[br]absolutely gorgeous number of users and
0:16:06.820,0:16:10.110
as penetration of stalinist penetration
0:16:10.110,0:16:12.560
at slightly under uh... eighty percent
0:16:12.560,0:16:16.530
but he said has the absolute large[br]number of users in china has the largest
0:16:16.530,0:16:20.540
number users pretty in any one country[br]they have five hundred billion flight
0:16:20.540,0:16:22.009
five hundred million people
0:16:22.009,0:16:23.500
half a billion people
0:16:23.500,0:16:28.830
are our online in china today that's the[br]only on the order
0:16:28.830,0:16:31.090
maybe four percent population
0:16:31.090,0:16:34.060
so you can imagine what that look like[br]when we get to
0:16:34.060,0:16:37.380
eighty percent of several uh... more[br]than a billion people
0:16:37.380,0:16:42.740
on their china so it's interesting you[br]know we hear all these stories about
0:16:42.740,0:16:46.199
the chinese eh... attacks on the napkin
0:16:46.199,0:16:49.440
sa which are presumably on true
0:16:49.440,0:16:52.810
but at the same time is fair to note[br]that the
0:16:52.810,0:16:56.730
country is making a huge investment in[br]building Internet infrastructure
0:16:56.730,0:16:59.780
so one interesting question from the[br]sociological point of view was what
0:16:59.780,0:17:00.980
happens
0:17:00.980,0:17:05.050
when they have this enormous fraction of[br]the population although i know he will
0:17:05.050,0:17:08.319
use the system it will be exchange[br]information with each other
0:17:08.319,0:17:09.860
how does that change
0:17:09.860,0:17:14.480
the machines view and i don't know the[br]answer to that but think this is and
0:17:14.480,0:17:16.640
we're watching it very very interesting
0:17:16.640,0:17:21.130
sociological experiment with technology[br]taking place before our eyes this decade
0:17:21.130,0:17:22.309
unfolds
0:17:22.309,0:17:26.439
i think this is going to be among the[br]more interesting affect student
0:17:26.439,0:17:27.709
observed
0:17:27.709,0:17:32.220
europe is the next four just in absolute[br]number of users although you know
0:17:32.220,0:17:36.250
there's a penetration rate is uh...[br]below the north america
0:17:36.250,0:17:39.610
but i've given up making any predictions[br]about europe because they keep getting
0:17:39.610,0:17:42.100
countries to the definition of europe
0:17:42.100,0:17:44.900
change and i don't know what it looks[br]like two years ago
0:17:44.900,0:17:45.850
and the other side
0:17:45.850,0:17:46.890
those who are the
0:17:46.890,0:17:48.410
you can see
0:17:48.410,0:17:50.670
that in africa we're still
0:17:50.670,0:17:55.330
uh... only modestly penetrated this[br]numbers is misleading though because i
0:17:55.330,0:17:59.150
think that that we have seen a very[br]rapid growth of mobile homes
0:17:59.150,0:18:02.830
in africa i don't know what fraction of[br]them are Internet cable
0:18:02.830,0:18:06.620
probably cell fraction twenty percent[br]thirty percent or something
0:18:06.620,0:18:09.060
and what we're seeing is uh...
0:18:09.060,0:18:11.690
individuals or small samples
0:18:11.690,0:18:17.010
uh... willing to pay get on and network[br]or at least again
0:18:17.010,0:18:21.480
which is a significant fraction bearer[br]monthly income
0:18:21.480,0:18:24.600
and yet they they do this because of the[br]time
0:18:24.600,0:18:27.990
and so when people who make up stories[br]about what people do with mobile phones
0:18:27.990,0:18:28.950
in africa
0:18:28.950,0:18:33.020
and they have things like you're getting[br]prices in the city certainly figure
0:18:33.020,0:18:34.940
hours starcraft best
0:18:34.940,0:18:36.179
you know asap
0:18:36.179,0:18:40.149
fact is that they're just slightly[br]higher european social networking review
0:18:40.149,0:18:41.550
all the other things we do
0:18:41.550,0:18:44.890
of all the data rates that they have[br]available or more limited so some things
0:18:44.890,0:18:47.100
they don't drive streaming video
0:18:47.100,0:18:48.910
until the data rates are adequate
0:18:48.910,0:18:53.440
but their use is not terribly different[br]than ours except order patients are on
0:18:53.440,0:18:55.480
the whole conditions
0:18:55.480,0:18:58.740
well this look now at the current[br]Internet and see what's happening to
0:18:58.740,0:19:03.460
uh... everybody determines well aware[br]that we ran out of uh... conversion for
0:19:03.460,0:19:04.740
interest rates
0:19:04.740,0:19:07.520
in february of two thousand one
0:19:07.520,0:19:10.410
and uh... that uh... was sort of um...
0:19:10.410,0:19:14.070
i don't know that it was an[br]embarrassment for box i mean there was a
0:19:14.070,0:19:15.600
interesting surprised
0:19:15.600,0:19:19.789
weblink refers to in the design in[br]nineteen seventy three forty years ago
0:19:19.789,0:19:22.730
and the question came up how how many[br]addresses should be out on this
0:19:22.730,0:19:24.980
experimental Internet
0:19:24.980,0:19:28.710
it we didn't know the answer to that so[br]we said well let's see
0:19:28.710,0:19:32.450
how many computers will there be a per[br]country
0:19:32.450,0:19:36.200
at the time we were doing this machines[br]we are using were big drinker machines
0:19:36.200,0:19:39.760
we thought we could meet into any of[br]those they take a boiler room in there
0:19:39.760,0:19:42.049
expensive but we said let's go
0:19:42.049,0:19:45.779
be crazy about we allocate twenty four[br]bits of address space for the machine
0:19:45.779,0:19:47.190
sixteen million
0:19:47.190,0:19:51.300
you know what we thought was mainframes[br]per country croats overjoyed
0:19:51.300,0:19:53.310
billy said how many countries are there
0:19:53.310,0:19:56.080
we didn't know there was no need to look[br]it up
0:19:56.080,0:19:57.850
sold stuff
0:19:57.850,0:20:01.669
itself the weekly guest company cartoon
0:20:01.669,0:20:04.770
so uh... added that he said well i mean
0:20:04.770,0:20:08.390
it's already per country and i thought[br]well just got the organ it wasn't
0:20:08.390,0:20:10.279
exactly expensive yet
0:20:10.279,0:20:12.380
so maybe they'll be cooper country
0:20:12.380,0:20:16.720
you know it's worked for competition so[br]we said twenty taxes two fifty six i
0:20:16.720,0:20:18.580
take this plus twenty four
0:20:18.580,0:20:19.810
thirty two-bit
0:20:19.810,0:20:23.710
we actually debated late nineteen[br]seventy seven just as the Internet
0:20:23.710,0:20:27.930
protocols were being standardized[br]whether we expanded our space what we
0:20:27.930,0:20:31.730
wanted very awake addresses in the[br]programmers hated the idea to sing waste
0:20:31.730,0:20:35.179
computer seconds finding difficult in[br]the packet because the gurgling
0:20:35.179,0:20:36.400
to india
0:20:36.400,0:20:39.230
uh... then somebody said how about our[br]twenty-two
0:20:39.230,0:20:43.170
address space at the time we were on a[br]fifty to a bit backbone
0:20:43.170,0:20:46.850
and the band frankly an awful lot of[br]these changes were fully flex
0:20:46.850,0:20:49.630
interactions character a character a[br]complex
0:20:49.630,0:20:51.540
it over again
0:20:51.540,0:20:55.260
one character going back forth with two[br]hundred fifty six bases source and
0:20:55.260,0:20:56.740
destination address
0:20:56.740,0:20:59.990
investment semi
0:20:59.990,0:21:03.560
there was not there to visit enough we[br]all have scared in the mid-nineteen
0:21:03.560,0:21:07.850
ninety houston started uh... work on[br]what was going to be calling png_ for
0:21:07.850,0:21:09.260
next year
0:21:09.260,0:21:10.850
eventually that uh...
0:21:10.850,0:21:14.799
produce the ideally six address please[br]bob blendon others has developed
0:21:14.799,0:21:18.340
one hundred twenty eight bits and pieces[br]sell in a very far away
0:21:18.340,0:21:19.589
has been using
0:21:19.589,0:21:20.960
are no Internet
0:21:20.960,0:21:24.650
and tone down the production version is[br]now open for any officially released on
0:21:24.650,0:21:26.620
june sixth two thousand twelve
0:21:26.620,0:21:30.590
i have favored a list of everyone of you[br]if you will go to whichever eyes pe
0:21:30.590,0:21:35.540
surprising with Internet address please[br]and ask them what the jury piece explain
0:21:35.540,0:21:37.890
when can i get i could be six this is[br]important
0:21:37.890,0:21:39.920
because it's very very slow
0:21:39.920,0:21:44.280
in terms of penetration mostly because[br]the irs_ user about terror
0:21:44.280,0:21:47.490
a lot of their software is already[br]capable routers havent
0:21:47.490,0:21:51.830
ups_ devices have hiking he sticks to[br]the ice peter turning out there saying
0:21:51.830,0:21:52.299
in
0:21:52.299,0:21:53.490
disingenuous
0:21:53.490,0:21:58.700
nobody's asking for course and asking[br]for ordered users don't know what he for
0:21:58.700,0:21:59.950
eighty six it is
0:21:59.950,0:22:01.470
mission hefty
0:22:01.470,0:22:05.790
when you do and so if you will help us[br]embarrass them or force in the too many
0:22:05.790,0:22:09.210
people were asking for anything you want[br]to thank you for that
0:22:09.210,0:22:10.980
yeah uh...
0:22:10.980,0:22:13.510
does try to explain what the[br]implications of a hundred and twenty
0:22:13.510,0:22:17.700
eight two dresses are remember saying[br]time that that every electronic universe
0:22:17.700,0:22:19.770
could have its own web page
0:22:19.770,0:22:24.360
until somebody from cal tech blog[br]renouncing got cancer futures teddy
0:22:24.360,0:22:28.580
electrons in the universe in europe by[br]fifty orders of magnitude
0:22:28.580,0:22:30.560
so i don't say that anymore
0:22:30.560,0:22:31.230
uh... yeah
0:22:31.230,0:22:34.830
thing is happening is that the maintains[br]its been bitten in latin characters you
0:22:34.830,0:22:35.620
know
0:22:35.620,0:22:38.340
can be written in dot characters in it
0:22:38.340,0:22:39.820
using the income
0:22:39.820,0:22:43.220
carousel which coming two hundred[br]thousand more characters
0:22:43.220,0:22:48.970
that same universities using html amex[br]and all four of the web so that makes
0:22:48.970,0:22:52.929
weapons meaning system much more[br]compatible
0:22:52.929,0:22:58.070
i cut hike in the Internet corporation[br]for signings and overseas and initiated
0:22:58.070,0:23:01.270
program of expansion of the generic[br]top-level domains
0:23:01.270,0:23:04.110
over two thousand applications were[br]received
0:23:04.110,0:23:09.010
for these units many or conflict because[br]people saint martin's
0:23:09.010,0:23:12.810
but uh... certainly on the order of[br]fifteen hundred of them
0:23:12.810,0:23:14.250
uh... are unique
0:23:14.250,0:23:17.910
and the question you know it's which[br]ones will actually become all registered
0:23:17.910,0:23:20.950
as top-level domains that process is[br]simple
0:23:20.950,0:23:22.769
so this is a major expansion
0:23:22.769,0:23:25.130
uh... the namespace
0:23:25.130,0:23:29.750
belly all the standard any system has a[br]number of or abilities
0:23:29.750,0:23:33.300
uh... one of which is uh... poisoning of[br]the uh...
0:23:33.300,0:23:34.860
nameserver cash
0:23:34.860,0:23:38.990
and so in order to get rid of borja[br]geetac and inhibit out the effects of
0:23:38.990,0:23:40.580
that kind of poison
0:23:40.580,0:23:43.310
database system security uh...
0:23:43.310,0:23:48.160
uh... architecture's being deployed[br]basically it's just been reciting abhi
0:23:48.160,0:23:51.010
binding between the two main ninety[br]address
0:23:51.010,0:23:56.710
so when you look up to translate you[br]dress you can ask for site response
0:23:56.710,0:23:58.630
if you get a correct response back
0:23:58.630,0:24:01.390
such exim in cricket jackson
0:24:01.390,0:24:02.710
uh... is uh...
0:24:02.710,0:24:04.820
uh... matches what you expect
0:24:04.820,0:24:08.870
then at least you have some confidence[br]in the integrity of the bundy someone
0:24:08.870,0:24:09.990
hasn't gone in
0:24:09.990,0:24:13.659
modified that binding or factored into[br]claims
0:24:13.659,0:24:16.840
because they don't have the private tv[br]would have been used to sign
0:24:16.840,0:24:21.370
that cancer that's being deployed around[br]the entire rooms and is signed
0:24:21.370,0:24:24.660
and a number of the second radio talk[br]over the means
0:24:24.660,0:24:25.580
ourself
0:24:25.580,0:24:28.330
and some of the second your side as well
0:24:28.330,0:24:32.720
a similar idea uh... has come up with[br]regard to the routing system
0:24:32.720,0:24:36.390
no remember that this whole thing was[br]developed in a time when it was mostly
0:24:36.390,0:24:39.049
geeks who are doing work in a trust each[br]other
0:24:39.049,0:24:42.169
now we're in an environment where you[br]can't do that anymore so it would have
0:24:42.169,0:24:43.409
to retrofit
0:24:43.409,0:24:45.430
mechanisms that will deal with
0:24:45.430,0:24:47.480
possible components
0:24:47.480,0:24:51.700
indication running system basically in[br]order to become part of the net
0:24:51.700,0:24:53.809
dissonant notes that you have
0:24:53.809,0:24:58.360
you're responsible for keeping track of[br]the address space total system number
0:24:58.360,0:24:59.130
or
0:24:59.130,0:25:02.370
and uh... my idea of this uh...
0:25:02.370,0:25:03.760
spaces this
0:25:03.760,0:25:06.960
and that propagates around through the[br]routing system the problem is you come
0:25:06.960,0:25:07.950
on
0:25:07.950,0:25:11.740
and when you lie about this and you look[br]like a somebody says estates
0:25:11.740,0:25:15.800
in order to defend against that it has[br]been proposed that night it implemented
0:25:15.800,0:25:19.400
there we go with a similar kind of[br]digital binding doing some reading
0:25:19.400,0:25:21.470
between the eco-system number
0:25:21.470,0:25:24.560
in the idea just based which it is[br]responsible for
0:25:24.560,0:25:27.360
so that when you're doing well and[br]updates you can actually check to see
0:25:27.360,0:25:31.630
where the parties use animals in the[br]states actually has the authority
0:25:31.630,0:25:35.090
there's some complexity this because not[br]all routing announcements come from the
0:25:35.090,0:25:35.880
edge
0:25:35.880,0:25:39.720
they propagated through the net so some[br]of the announcements are coming from
0:25:39.720,0:25:42.680
and so you have to be able to verify[br]that the whole chain
0:25:42.680,0:25:45.030
announcement is actually down
0:25:45.030,0:25:49.010
and so that makes it somewhat more[br]complicated which is why hasn't been
0:25:49.010,0:25:50.090
deployed yet
0:25:50.090,0:25:53.070
it's in the process of being
0:25:53.070,0:25:55.640
now i'm going to talk more about sensor[br]networks
0:25:55.640,0:26:00.250
the smartly program and mobile devices[br]so this is just a reminder again
0:26:00.250,0:26:04.490
in our Internet environment these[br]treatments are rapidly
0:26:04.490,0:26:05.769
uh... filling up
0:26:05.769,0:26:06.760
system
0:26:06.760,0:26:11.080
now we all anchor recognize that devices[br]are showing up on the net i certainly
0:26:11.080,0:26:12.610
had anticipated
0:26:12.610,0:26:16.559
uh... he's actually uh... this is an[br]order striking out the picture larry
0:26:16.559,0:26:21.170
page where you go class as another[br]Internet enabled device
0:26:21.170,0:26:24.900
but i can remember being very surprised[br]if somebody came in and said to me
0:26:24.900,0:26:27.659
they had just ended an animal picture[br]frame
0:26:27.659,0:26:31.460
yet and i couldn't imagine what would[br]that mean all i think it was it sounds
0:26:31.460,0:26:35.010
as useless as a electric for kickball
0:26:35.010,0:26:40.260
uh... but in fact it's obviously uh...[br]very useful and many of us at the gym
0:26:40.260,0:26:44.230
we have a wellesley upload or pictures[br]to website pictures are downloaded into
0:26:44.230,0:26:45.210
the
0:26:45.210,0:26:46.490
with the end of the uh...
0:26:46.490,0:26:48.250
Internet naval picture frame
0:26:48.250,0:26:51.880
and we have an opportunity to watch[br]what's going on in the family so it's
0:26:51.880,0:26:56.730
kind of a crude form of uh... a little[br]closer face book inouye insist personal
0:26:56.730,0:27:00.150
its opponents actually rather nice for[br]the grandparents because he can upload
0:27:00.150,0:27:02.120
pictures of the grandchildren
0:27:02.120,0:27:03.390
nieces and nephews
0:27:03.390,0:27:06.810
and see what they're doing bellevue way[br]this works you know who is in the
0:27:06.810,0:27:11.320
downloads the frame down those images[br]from some website so now securities
0:27:11.320,0:27:14.780
issue because of the website gets hacked[br]the grandparents may see pictures of
0:27:14.780,0:27:16.870
what we hope is not the grand jury
0:27:16.870,0:27:22.299
so now we have to worry about insecurity[br]at home as well as it org
0:27:22.299,0:27:25.410
uh... there are things that look like[br]telephones that are really voice over at
0:27:25.410,0:27:26.670
the devices
0:27:26.670,0:27:30.639
uh... the guy in the middle has built an[br]Internet enabled surfboard
0:27:30.639,0:27:34.929
uh... i don't know about how did it and[br]send him water waiting for the next wave
0:27:34.929,0:27:39.260
thinking you know i had a laptop myself[br]or it could be surfing the Internet away
0:27:39.260,0:27:42.030
let's let's do it as a laptop in this[br]report
0:27:42.030,0:27:45.840
and uh... and then go for the wifi[br]service back to the rescue check on the
0:27:45.840,0:27:46.450
beach
0:27:46.450,0:27:48.100
myself as a surprise
0:27:48.100,0:27:51.660
so if you want to go surf the net while[br]you're aware this is for you
0:27:51.660,0:27:55.250
paisa tells us that everyone over the[br]world will someday have an idea dress
0:27:55.250,0:27:59.450
and i can tell jokes about that anymore[br]because somebody sent me and ideally six
0:27:59.450,0:28:00.910
radio naval
0:28:00.910,0:28:02.700
led_ whitehall
0:28:02.700,0:28:04.120
uh... and works
0:28:04.120,0:28:07.530
uh... i have a a tv sets at work[br]writing in the house and you can turn
0:28:07.530,0:28:09.980
the lights are but that will get it
0:28:09.980,0:28:13.409
uh... the interesting thing is that[br]uh...
0:28:13.409,0:28:14.100
this
0:28:14.100,0:28:17.090
no one can you turn it off green collars[br]programmer
0:28:17.090,0:28:19.440
you can interrogate find out
0:28:19.440,0:28:22.309
so these sorts of things are becoming[br]reality
0:28:22.309,0:28:23.809
so if you on
0:28:23.809,0:28:28.160
have only imagine this is a science[br]fiction of speculation it is not
0:28:28.160,0:28:31.460
are in fact uh... you know i just[br]realized something
0:28:31.460,0:28:35.760
he'd seen inside hiding behind it
0:28:35.760,0:28:38.899
okay hiking
0:28:38.899,0:28:40.160
uh...
0:28:40.160,0:28:42.620
so uh... this is my sense is that at[br]home
0:28:42.620,0:28:47.039
uh... this is an iv six radio net it's[br]uh... commercial pops is not mean that
0:28:47.039,0:28:49.649
in the garage over the side of him
0:28:49.649,0:28:51.929
uh... the communities is on trial
0:28:51.929,0:28:55.130
which is a partner at cisco systems a[br]couple of years ago
0:28:55.130,0:28:58.850
scissor site all wingers
0:28:58.850,0:29:00.170
their sampling
0:29:00.170,0:29:01.500
the uh...
0:29:01.500,0:29:03.020
uh... like level
0:29:03.020,0:29:05.990
humidity and temperature in each room in[br]the house
0:29:05.990,0:29:07.310
every five minutes
0:29:07.310,0:29:11.510
and that is propagated through this[br]network sensors so the sensors are
0:29:11.510,0:29:13.590
actually store forward realize
0:29:13.590,0:29:15.260
they're running six votes
0:29:15.260,0:29:17.710
and i i p e six on top of that
0:29:17.710,0:29:21.840
and so the date is accumulated in the[br]server an interactive based
0:29:21.840,0:29:26.380
so you're only he can do this right dot[br]and my father once that is the end of
0:29:26.380,0:29:29.790
the year i will have very good[br]information about how well he had been
0:29:29.790,0:29:32.140
awake and air conditioning
0:29:32.140,0:29:34.539
instead of anecdotal information may[br]have
0:29:34.539,0:29:37.230
real uh... engineering data story
0:29:37.230,0:29:38.929
is an engineering like that
0:29:38.929,0:29:41.190
now one of the house is the one side
0:29:41.190,0:29:45.729
so that one is a log as the temperature[br]goes above sixty degrees fahrenheit
0:29:45.729,0:29:49.480
i get 'em uh... nasa now some of the[br]laptop
0:29:49.480,0:29:50.970
what is warming up
0:29:50.970,0:29:52.660
i remember going into love
0:29:52.660,0:29:55.970
lawrence not little argonne national[br]laboratory
0:29:55.970,0:29:59.440
effort three day visit just as i was[br]walking into the building all of those
0:29:59.440,0:30:01.649
opportunities dot com
0:30:01.649,0:30:06.029
uh... you know that you just broke into[br]the sixties resign barrier no one was
0:30:06.029,0:30:07.330
home at the time
0:30:07.330,0:30:10.760
and so every five minutes for the next[br]three days i kept getting this little
0:30:10.760,0:30:13.010
message the airline is winding up
0:30:13.010,0:30:16.940
so i called your truck guys they said[br]you have remote actuators he said yes
0:30:16.940,0:30:19.740
they say they have strong authentication[br]on them because i have a
0:30:19.740,0:30:22.620
fifteen-year-old next door to go on and[br]messing with my
0:30:22.620,0:30:26.929
wine cellar and he said yes so that's[br]the weekend project to install
0:30:26.929,0:30:30.090
benedetto thinking you know i can[br]probably tell somebody has gone into the
0:30:30.090,0:30:33.429
winds are blowing away cuz i can see the[br]lexicon of her
0:30:33.429,0:30:35.620
but i don't know what they didn't care
0:30:35.620,0:30:37.970
so ok solution to this
0:30:37.970,0:30:41.030
is to put our fit_ chips on the spot
0:30:41.030,0:30:45.770
what then i can do an instantaneous[br]inventory to see that is why it is what
0:30:45.770,0:30:47.990
the seller without my permission
0:30:47.990,0:30:49.910
and down I'd miss it
0:30:49.910,0:30:53.650
describing this look brilliant design[br]you and your friends and he told me
0:30:53.650,0:30:55.110
there was about
0:30:55.110,0:30:58.500
i said winning is about to see what you[br]can go into the wine cellar red wine and
0:30:58.500,0:31:03.610
leave the bob so now we have to put[br]sensors in the court
0:31:03.610,0:31:07.200
and if i was reading that we might as[br]well sent esters to find out whether one
0:31:07.200,0:31:11.330
is ready to drink so before you on the[br]bottle he would carry the court
0:31:11.330,0:31:14.890
and if that's the bala got thirty year[br]issue something that's the one that
0:31:14.890,0:31:19.090
you're doing awesome cuz he doesn't know[br]the difference
0:31:19.090,0:31:23.220
not actually out this sort of thing is[br]going to be very common
0:31:23.220,0:31:25.050
not so everyone's on the part
0:31:25.050,0:31:29.000
although if i i i had someone come out[br]with in prime time
0:31:29.000,0:31:31.480
are fit_ done
0:31:31.480,0:31:35.600
uh... yeah apa spartan tanks and we[br]actually wandered around my cell and we
0:31:35.600,0:31:38.640
picked up every single lots of exactly
0:31:38.640,0:31:41.050
this is not it's not a crazy idea
0:31:41.050,0:31:44.570
uh... the thing is that we will have[br]sensor networks and use them for
0:31:44.570,0:31:47.330
environmental control isn't for security
0:31:47.330,0:31:51.020
will use them for variety of things to[br]only
0:31:51.020,0:31:54.480
residence or business or manufacturing[br]facility
0:31:54.480,0:31:56.830
jimmy management control
0:31:56.830,0:32:02.310
some of these things will be very much a[br]part of the union
0:32:02.310,0:32:07.420
now there's an interesting question i'm[br]going to use the sensor network
0:32:07.420,0:32:09.590
as it's cool
0:32:09.590,0:32:12.340
walking us through bunch of questions
0:32:12.340,0:32:14.750
now the questions are very specific to
0:32:14.750,0:32:16.720
the notion of sensor network
0:32:16.720,0:32:21.450
architecture m large numbers of devices[br]that have to be configured and access
0:32:21.450,0:32:22.600
control
0:32:22.600,0:32:24.379
but i want to as we go through
0:32:24.379,0:32:25.950
this particular
0:32:25.950,0:32:28.980
discussion i want you to be thinking[br]generally about
0:32:28.980,0:32:32.400
Internet enable appliances are all kinds
0:32:32.400,0:32:35.020
having maybe managed and controlled
0:32:35.020,0:32:37.670
and wanting them to be
0:32:37.670,0:32:43.649
isolated from parties to might want to[br]use them for and nefarious purposes
0:32:43.649,0:32:46.850
anything that we don't want is the[br]headline that says
0:32:46.850,0:32:50.850
that there was a get distributed denial[br]of service attack
0:32:50.850,0:32:54.830
against bank of america by every[br]refrigerator in america
0:32:54.830,0:32:58.889
accel we need to be able to think of[br]ways through
0:32:58.889,0:33:01.800
how he will configure install
0:33:01.800,0:33:02.729
offering
0:33:02.729,0:33:03.840
protect
0:33:03.840,0:33:05.420
uh... and also move
0:33:05.420,0:33:09.290
move from one place and others to[br]imagine that you take your places with
0:33:09.290,0:33:10.220
you
0:33:10.220,0:33:12.260
they have idea dresses and
0:33:12.260,0:33:15.140
meeting that will be a new life he[br]addresses when they were installed new
0:33:15.140,0:33:19.220
residents how we do all of that
0:33:19.220,0:33:21.710
expecting every single
0:33:21.710,0:33:23.270
could become an expert
0:33:23.270,0:33:27.100
in configuring nike devices they[br]shouldn't have to do that you have to
0:33:27.100,0:33:28.649
know anything about
0:33:28.649,0:33:29.990
and so
0:33:29.990,0:33:34.030
what they remove series of design and[br]operational should there be single
0:33:34.030,0:33:34.999
controller
0:33:34.999,0:33:39.300
for all the devices should there be a[br]controller for each class of the bonds
0:33:39.300,0:33:42.750
how should we in device u
0:33:42.750,0:33:44.939
connect up with the poultry controller
0:33:44.939,0:33:49.909
one of your apartment building and[br]endure controller detects devices that
0:33:49.909,0:33:51.679
are in the into an apartment
0:33:51.679,0:33:55.700
this is certainly a great we probably[br]have with that
0:33:55.700,0:33:59.830
uh... electric blanket where the two[br]parties have the control switch
0:33:59.830,0:34:03.760
was turning up to get warmer the others[br]turning down a bit cooler aggressive
0:34:03.760,0:34:05.149
across the net
0:34:05.149,0:34:09.369
uh... so this is their these questions[br]that are actually pretty hard
0:34:09.369,0:34:12.739
and i think some of us are going to have[br]to figure out what's the right way to do
0:34:12.739,0:34:13.269
it
0:34:13.269,0:34:15.179
problem for the on wireless
0:34:15.179,0:34:19.059
well depending on where they were[br]installed you may or may not have been
0:34:19.059,0:34:21.940
radio connectivity even just inside the[br]house
0:34:21.940,0:34:25.350
so some of them i have to be wired[br]summary wireless employees different
0:34:25.350,0:34:26.649
frequencies
0:34:26.649,0:34:29.149
now this is easy and every device
0:34:29.149,0:34:32.799
that is sold to be part of the sensor s
0:34:32.799,0:34:36.119
so i have to be adaptable to different[br]conditions depending
0:34:36.119,0:34:38.679
once found a place for install
0:34:38.679,0:34:40.220
uh... on the factory floor
0:34:40.220,0:34:44.329
uh... there are similar kinds of scale[br]questions that occurred once again very
0:34:44.329,0:34:45.269
important
0:34:45.269,0:34:46.700
to make sure that the user
0:34:46.700,0:34:50.379
control only by parties that have the[br]authority to do that you don't want
0:34:50.379,0:34:53.509
some random person halfway around the[br]world turned on
0:34:53.509,0:34:56.629
in manufacturing device and possibly or
0:34:56.629,0:34:58.089
one of the workers
0:34:58.089,0:35:01.339
uh... they are the question is whether[br]the devices interact with each other
0:35:01.339,0:35:04.559
whether they'll be directly nationalized
0:35:04.559,0:35:07.999
and here we get into the interesting[br]example one of the art rock system where
0:35:07.999,0:35:10.129
the devices are released for jun
0:35:10.129,0:35:11.199
in addition
0:35:11.199,0:35:13.149
providing uh...
0:35:13.149,0:35:15.459
censored
0:35:15.459,0:35:16.869
census data
0:35:16.869,0:35:18.269
process today
0:35:18.269,0:35:21.260
uh... and then uh... providing it to[br]some
0:35:21.260,0:35:22.219
king lear
0:35:22.219,0:35:25.379
but they also are part of that work[br]which is something to happen
0:35:25.379,0:35:27.709
uh... to uh... local radio condition
0:35:27.709,0:35:28.890
so on
0:35:28.890,0:35:29.950
this is an d
0:35:29.950,0:35:33.079
the questions or almost endless
0:35:33.079,0:35:34.949
here's some more here
0:35:34.949,0:35:36.839
and decide what ideas
0:35:36.839,0:35:41.399
they should have you generate the state[br]using ninety b six presumably because
0:35:41.399,0:35:43.059
before useful
0:35:43.059,0:35:44.449
but there is a
0:35:44.449,0:35:46.729
a question about previous should be
0:35:46.729,0:35:49.079
what you have this is the
0:35:49.079,0:35:51.130
another remembered
0:35:51.130,0:35:55.160
we're out of discovery online discover[br]other devices that are part of the
0:35:55.160,0:35:55.989
system
0:35:55.989,0:35:59.939
uh... some of you will know a little bit[br]about convoluted system works if you use
0:35:59.939,0:36:02.099
it you know that we can devices are
0:36:02.099,0:36:04.019
in close enough proximity
0:36:04.019,0:36:05.610
uh... one of them were
0:36:05.610,0:36:07.369
present
0:36:07.369,0:36:10.749
which you you enter into the other one[br]in order to confirm that you want to do
0:36:10.749,0:36:11.869
my cv
0:36:11.869,0:36:16.709
connected now the question is whether[br]every device in this garment is uh...
0:36:16.709,0:36:19.159
hazardous waste even though we were not
0:36:19.159,0:36:22.009
and if it doesn't mean we start thinking[br]or hawaii
0:36:22.009,0:36:25.989
how to manage these things and it could[br]be the journal while becomes the devices
0:36:25.989,0:36:30.559
used not only to control and that also[br]to configure
0:36:30.559,0:36:34.619
and so I'd be in the possibilities here[br]are fairly uh...
0:36:34.619,0:36:35.959
complex
0:36:35.959,0:36:39.420
and we're gonna have to figure out how[br]to make that work
0:36:39.420,0:36:43.589
what about what to it's very attracted[br]to be a little website
0:36:43.589,0:36:48.559
and say i would like to using uh...[br]webpage diminish my devices
0:36:48.559,0:36:50.859
and if we standardize things properly
0:36:50.859,0:36:55.489
then third parties will be able to offer[br]service to manager systems fourteen
0:36:55.489,0:36:58.189
think about entertainment you know about[br]you
0:36:58.189,0:37:02.089
i have lots of boxes at home and have[br]infrared controllers for
0:37:02.089,0:37:05.139
and usually i fumble around for a while[br]trying to figure out which controllers
0:37:05.139,0:37:06.759
the right one for which box
0:37:06.759,0:37:10.389
and when i finally got that right that's[br]the controller that bad
0:37:10.389,0:37:13.230
so if we put all of them are going well[br]network
0:37:13.230,0:37:16.510
and we use the mobile which is also a[br]little old man is the controller of the
0:37:16.510,0:37:19.099
things that happen can be in court
0:37:19.099,0:37:23.809
uh... then that means third parties[br]intervenes english if you'll allow them
0:37:23.809,0:37:27.180
would be the manager of the devices and[br]all you do is go to the web sites and
0:37:27.180,0:37:30.529
what the sound of movies please populate[br]all various devices
0:37:30.529,0:37:32.510
which is entertainment country
0:37:32.510,0:37:34.129
is of interest to me
0:37:34.129,0:37:37.650
so out is just incredibly uh...
0:37:37.650,0:37:40.499
rich character what about state[br]information
0:37:40.499,0:37:42.769
if you have uh...
0:37:42.769,0:37:45.089
things that are are gathering data about
0:37:45.089,0:37:49.619
the temperature humidity levels in my[br]case or other things about house
0:37:49.619,0:37:52.320
you may be able to infer whether[br]anybody's at home
0:37:52.320,0:37:53.879
how many people were home
0:37:53.879,0:37:54.770
uh... went up
0:37:54.770,0:37:58.299
in the morning on active depending on[br]what information is available
0:37:58.299,0:38:01.519
that could pose a security hazard
0:38:01.519,0:38:04.039
especially if they can't figure out[br]nobody's home
0:38:04.039,0:38:07.759
so again this is a question of what[br]information should be available
0:38:07.759,0:38:11.229
who should have access to it and control[br]that
0:38:11.229,0:38:17.369
so there's just goes it's a long long[br]listed updates that we're cope with
0:38:17.369,0:38:20.119
here's another interesting things that[br]are part of
0:38:20.119,0:38:24.469
uh... typically cable provider[br]configures these things up for you
0:38:24.469,0:38:27.219
uh... and it operates the controller[br]forty
0:38:27.219,0:38:31.139
and offers web access is uh... sheila to[br]control the system
0:38:31.139,0:38:34.619
and if so how boxes of these on american[br]interact with each other like charity
0:38:34.619,0:38:35.839
art
0:38:35.839,0:38:40.529
so that's a common example but one thing[br]what happens if we transform decency
0:38:40.529,0:38:43.199
devices there i could be sixty
0:38:43.199,0:38:46.169
and they have the ability to reach out[br]and use the Internet in addition to
0:38:46.169,0:38:47.230
everything else
0:38:47.230,0:38:48.499
now they become
0:38:48.499,0:38:52.579
since it could be streaming video from[br]other sources sending cable television
0:38:52.579,0:38:53.479
company
0:38:53.479,0:38:57.349
and that interestingly enough creates a[br]conflict right because the cable tv
0:38:57.349,0:39:00.449
guide supplying him with broadband[br]access to the Internet
0:39:00.449,0:39:01.599
discovers that
0:39:01.599,0:39:05.349
you're using the broadband Internet to[br]get access to somebody else's video
0:39:05.349,0:39:07.469
which messes up your business model
0:39:07.469,0:39:11.229
which leads to a possible or desire to[br]prevent you from getting video from
0:39:11.229,0:39:12.799
anybody but damn
0:39:12.799,0:39:16.849
back isn't in the calendar dates and[br]everything else is a very quickly
0:39:16.849,0:39:20.499
as we pursue these technical problems we[br]also cover
0:39:20.499,0:39:21.749
uh... an honors
0:39:21.749,0:39:24.659
various policy issues that have to be[br]resolved
0:39:24.659,0:39:27.559
uh... and i've already talked about your[br]chocolate
0:39:27.559,0:39:30.289
so uh... or the other
0:39:30.289,0:39:32.589
question is diversity in uniformity
0:39:32.589,0:39:36.009
uh... one uniformity is really helpful[br]because it allows you to your
0:39:36.009,0:39:37.299
opportunity
0:39:37.299,0:39:40.869
diversity dot is important because you[br]want to be able to trying new things and
0:39:40.869,0:39:44.209
figuring out how to cope with both of us[br]at the same time
0:39:44.209,0:39:46.170
up to be true
0:39:46.170,0:39:49.809
this part of it is a program was started[br]by the department of commerce department
0:39:49.809,0:39:51.849
of energy about four years ago
0:39:51.849,0:39:57.009
and their initial focus was to create[br]margaret interoperability panel
0:39:57.009,0:39:58.579
to encourage
0:39:58.579,0:40:01.730
standards for the devices that are part[br]of a smart grid
0:40:01.730,0:40:05.789
so they can be managed to they could[br]respond for example to it by saying
0:40:05.789,0:40:07.649
that uh...
0:40:07.649,0:40:11.519
the uh... power grid was reaching people[br]and would you please let me go water
0:40:11.519,0:40:13.869
earlier condition for a while
0:40:13.869,0:40:18.199
this is important because the ability to[br]control world was not billed
0:40:18.199,0:40:22.349
capacity excess capacity that's only a[br]small percentage of time
0:40:22.349,0:40:24.899
and so that's a good or thrilled
0:40:24.899,0:40:28.410
capability disability sake please don't[br]use electricity
0:40:28.410,0:40:32.180
but you also have the opportunity to get[br]to report back on which devices were
0:40:32.180,0:40:35.029
used during the course in montana[br]element
0:40:35.029,0:40:38.339
now tell you something about my record[br]that was what it is and that feedback
0:40:38.339,0:40:39.419
loop
0:40:39.419,0:40:42.680
is what helps us decide whether we[br]change our lifestyle
0:40:42.680,0:40:46.290
possibly for economic reasons are really[br]just care about the environment we want
0:40:46.290,0:40:47.989
to change or
0:40:47.989,0:40:48.869
abuse
0:40:48.869,0:40:50.899
electricity for example
0:40:50.899,0:40:54.729
so again a whole series of issues[br]associated with smartly program that or
0:40:54.729,0:40:55.959
not
0:40:55.959,0:40:58.909
uh... once was the sensor networks[br]except one thing you should really
0:40:58.909,0:41:00.099
different
0:41:00.099,0:41:02.469
up until uh... recently
0:41:02.469,0:41:06.150
most of the car generated in the united[br]states essentially generated in
0:41:06.150,0:41:08.239
distributed over collins
0:41:08.239,0:41:12.049
without reaching a point where we are[br]capable putting generation capability to
0:41:12.049,0:41:13.649
be adjusted
0:41:13.649,0:41:18.059
and he gets even more dramatic when you[br]go from this photovoltaic candidate
0:41:18.059,0:41:20.419
manpower possibly view
0:41:20.419,0:41:21.459
thermal
0:41:21.459,0:41:25.149
uh... as a generators of electricity in[br]your home
0:41:25.149,0:41:27.960
now it's more again electric cars
0:41:27.960,0:41:29.389
make began
0:41:29.389,0:41:33.209
so now you have the possibility no[br]holding power out of the system recharge
0:41:33.209,0:41:36.959
cars were pushing power into the system[br]that i want to think about control
0:41:36.959,0:41:38.839
theory if you put it in school
0:41:38.839,0:41:42.630
it gets more complicated systems that[br]will push and pull at the city
0:41:42.630,0:41:45.619
at you know at the same time
0:41:45.619,0:41:47.479
problem that we are
0:41:47.479,0:41:48.819
independently
0:41:48.819,0:41:52.309
uh... every or every household united[br]states is either generating electricity
0:41:52.309,0:41:53.729
reporting electricity
0:41:53.729,0:41:56.159
hideouts assistant like that
0:41:56.159,0:41:59.209
and so if you're interested in some of[br]the thinking about that look at my
0:41:59.209,0:42:00.359
grades
0:42:00.359,0:42:04.459
uh... google search on that because the[br]ideas artists consider actually just
0:42:04.459,0:42:05.429
really
0:42:05.429,0:42:07.300
electrical power generation farther
0:42:07.300,0:42:09.479
so that we live so dependent on one
0:42:09.479,0:42:11.619
uh... singles samples solely
0:42:11.619,0:42:17.549
in a particular area simply right before[br]it was in all kinds of people here
0:42:17.549,0:42:20.930
this vote leads me to one other thing[br]about uh...
0:42:20.930,0:42:25.179
Internet him thing that uh... like uh...[br]mentioned earlier about
0:42:25.179,0:42:26.559
policy
0:42:26.559,0:42:28.690
for the big issues that we have today
0:42:28.690,0:42:29.859
is that
0:42:29.859,0:42:31.099
there are
0:42:31.099,0:42:32.089
countries
0:42:32.089,0:42:35.599
this see how important the Internet is[br]but they're nervous about it because
0:42:35.599,0:42:36.690
they have since
0:42:36.690,0:42:39.849
democratic ability to let people share[br]information
0:42:39.849,0:42:41.190
and for some data
0:42:41.190,0:42:44.019
authoritarian regimes that's a threat
0:42:44.019,0:42:47.190
we've seen the outcomes for example in[br]europe spring
0:42:47.190,0:42:50.060
I'd like to emphasize something for you[br]mean some people were pounding their
0:42:50.060,0:42:54.180
chests and looking uh... Internet was[br]that part of or face book and others
0:42:54.180,0:42:54.819
were
0:42:54.819,0:42:57.099
part of the air strain is wonderful
0:42:57.099,0:43:01.039
except the outcomes revolutions don't[br]always come out where you would like
0:43:01.039,0:43:04.399
and right now we're seeing some pretty[br]difficult problems in egypt for example
0:43:04.399,0:43:07.959
in libya for example in syria for[br]example
0:43:07.959,0:43:10.300
uh... he changes of the
0:43:10.300,0:43:11.690
places where the
0:43:11.690,0:43:16.689
the arabs friends started teenage is[br]probably one which is happy
0:43:16.689,0:43:21.369
i don't use the word placid exactly but[br]it was more stable
0:43:21.369,0:43:24.449
regime change for the others have been[br]very very difficult
0:43:24.449,0:43:28.859
so i want to be careful not to
0:43:28.859,0:43:33.059
the role of the Internet analysts as if[br]it is uniformly positive
0:43:33.059,0:43:37.719
you have to be really thoughtful about[br]how you recover from major rethinking
0:43:37.719,0:43:39.539
but what this is like to
0:43:39.539,0:43:40.920
is a real debate about
0:43:40.920,0:43:41.759
uh... what
0:43:41.759,0:43:45.379
role governments have in the control of[br]the Internet
0:43:45.379,0:43:47.900
for all of us uh... in the Internet[br]world
0:43:47.900,0:43:51.850
uh... historically we've seen this is a[br]very violent thing multiple stakeholders
0:43:51.850,0:43:52.949
are
0:43:52.949,0:43:54.339
interested him
0:43:54.339,0:43:56.319
making decisions about policy
0:43:56.319,0:43:59.339
they're the ones that are affected by[br]whether it's a technical community the
0:43:59.339,0:44:00.509
general public
0:44:00.509,0:44:01.829
civil society
0:44:01.829,0:44:04.069
the government's the private sector
0:44:04.069,0:44:06.789
are all having equal state
0:44:06.789,0:44:09.649
him what happens in the policy many
0:44:09.649,0:44:13.009
and yet many of the intergovernmental[br]institutions like the international
0:44:13.009,0:44:14.630
telecommunications union
0:44:14.630,0:44:17.779
see this is the province of governments[br]to make policy
0:44:17.779,0:44:22.829
and uh... this is a place where there's[br]plenty of opportunity for intervention
0:44:22.829,0:44:26.789
they world summit on the information[br]society which began in two thousand
0:44:26.789,0:44:28.109
three
0:44:28.109,0:44:31.439
began with the premise that there would[br]be an information society and we were
0:44:31.439,0:44:35.559
seen emerge of its own when did it mean[br]firmly
0:44:35.559,0:44:36.929
policy point of view
0:44:36.929,0:44:39.949
and the first thing that these[br]government officials where this is a
0:44:39.949,0:44:41.139
intergovernmental
0:44:41.139,0:44:42.029
discussion
0:44:42.029,0:44:45.539
first thing that they asked was what[br]information society
0:44:45.539,0:44:46.549
ends there
0:44:46.549,0:44:49.279
people said well the Internet is an[br]example
0:44:49.279,0:44:51.659
so they said what was in charge of the[br]Internet
0:44:51.659,0:44:55.319
not nothing could possibly be tuesday
0:44:55.319,0:44:59.169
if it was essentially mentioned we said[br]well nobody is a distributed system and
0:44:59.169,0:45:00.799
they didn't believe this
0:45:00.799,0:45:03.089
so then they discovered that i can
0:45:03.089,0:45:06.919
because i can't has responsibility for[br]idea dress allocations and meeting
0:45:06.919,0:45:08.009
management
0:45:08.009,0:45:11.229
and they decided and i can this be a[br]tragedy
0:45:11.229,0:45:15.019
and then they said it wasn't right if i[br]can they decided i cant government
0:45:15.019,0:45:18.299
contract with the department of commerce[br]twenty nine and must be in charge of
0:45:18.299,0:45:19.559
either
0:45:19.559,0:45:23.349
that us is in terms of the Internet[br]patents sit well with some of the
0:45:23.349,0:45:27.369
country set back pain us attorney unit[br]has been
0:45:27.369,0:45:29.329
uh... a persistent uh...
0:45:29.329,0:45:31.959
issue since two thousand three
0:45:31.959,0:45:36.579
Internet governance forum was created[br]out of the world somebody information
0:45:36.579,0:45:40.809
society as a place where we could talk[br]about issues arising in the inner it's a
0:45:40.809,0:45:43.419
very important multi stakeholder
0:45:43.419,0:45:44.820
system or
0:45:44.820,0:45:45.919
function
0:45:45.919,0:45:47.629
it doesn't make decisions
0:45:47.629,0:45:49.759
this turns out to be really important
0:45:49.759,0:45:53.530
because he'd make decisions if you're if[br]you drafts uh...
0:45:53.530,0:45:54.589
communiques
0:45:54.589,0:45:58.599
or make recommendations you have to[br]argue with each other you end up doing
0:45:58.599,0:46:01.060
uh... you know these little words[br]missing things
0:46:01.060,0:46:04.070
in the end what we want is people going[br]away understanding what are the issues
0:46:04.070,0:46:07.979
like facing Internet how should they be[br]dressed in battle
0:46:07.979,0:46:13.569
but not by idea atf_ is their as a way[br]of surfacing problems helping people
0:46:13.569,0:46:16.389
figure u
0:46:16.389,0:46:21.279
i'm ireland let me just get through[br]organ international talks non-stop about
0:46:21.279,0:46:24.059
some of you follow the world conference[br]on
0:46:24.059,0:46:27.579
information technology know that there[br]was a major earthquake
0:46:27.579,0:46:32.199
this was intended to revise the[br]international talk on regulations
0:46:32.199,0:46:35.289
which had been touched his nineteen[br]eighty eight and at that point poorest
0:46:35.289,0:46:35.869
people
0:46:35.869,0:46:38.949
government officials especially when[br]thinking about you know
0:46:38.949,0:46:42.670
so they didn't take into account what[br]unit was like and what he could do
0:46:42.670,0:46:44.910
how could subsumed mobile solely
0:46:44.910,0:46:47.850
earlier telecommunications applications
0:46:47.850,0:46:48.749
system
0:46:48.749,0:46:50.079
which it has done
0:46:50.079,0:46:54.949
so they try to revise these things and[br]the uh... countries that were most
0:46:54.949,0:46:57.389
interested in finding ways to control
0:46:57.389,0:47:01.549
Internet wanted to use the international[br]telecom regulation revision as a way of
0:47:01.549,0:47:02.469
gaining
0:47:02.469,0:47:03.939
authority over the net
0:47:03.939,0:47:09.319
so they try to put language into a high[br]tea arms that uh... spoke of spam for
0:47:09.319,0:47:09.950
example
0:47:09.950,0:47:11.719
spoke with security
0:47:11.719,0:47:12.689
smoker
0:47:12.689,0:47:17.289
viruses worms and source well those are[br]applications that country
0:47:17.289,0:47:20.769
and never in history international talk[br]i mean you know her
0:47:20.769,0:47:22.329
dot hunt and he was
0:47:22.329,0:47:24.289
it was standardizing telephone
0:47:24.289,0:47:27.849
uh... interaction and originally[br]delaware interactions
0:47:27.849,0:47:30.439
but it was never responsible for content
0:47:30.439,0:47:33.309
they didn't control what he did say on[br]the phone
0:47:33.309,0:47:35.829
they only trying to make sure you can[br]make a phone call
0:47:35.829,0:47:39.559
well i think the Internet to be the same[br]way that these guys concede that way
0:47:39.559,0:47:41.539
the result of the debate
0:47:41.539,0:47:45.099
was that uh... of the hundred and forty[br]seven countries
0:47:45.099,0:47:46.899
that attended
0:47:46.899,0:47:50.289
eighty-nine signed the resulting[br]treating fifty-five walk away including
0:47:50.289,0:47:53.119
the united states which is the right[br]thing to do
0:47:53.119,0:47:56.870
so if that is the biggest schism[br]international
0:47:56.870,0:48:00.869
negotiations regarding telecom that's[br]ever happened in history the iq
0:48:00.869,0:48:04.079
i think it's a very important uh... data[br]point
0:48:04.079,0:48:07.719
and i think that which actually kind of[br]take advantage of the fact that there is
0:48:07.719,0:48:08.879
disagreeing
0:48:08.879,0:48:11.180
in order to force people to face it
0:48:11.180,0:48:12.679
at the Internet is different
0:48:12.679,0:48:14.839
approval via the telephone system
0:48:14.839,0:48:17.009
we've been dealt with in the past
0:48:17.009,0:48:20.629
skip over to privacy and safety
0:48:20.629,0:48:25.729
you hear security security security is[br]an issue on the Internet
0:48:25.729,0:48:29.189
what I'd like to suggest to use that[br]word causes people to think too much
0:48:29.189,0:48:30.460
about uh...
0:48:30.460,0:48:32.579
national security and think about
0:48:32.579,0:48:35.109
nation state tax and so what would[br]happen
0:48:35.109,0:48:37.329
cases is not argue that they don't
0:48:37.329,0:48:39.099
but the general public
0:48:39.099,0:48:40.619
goes this way
0:48:40.619,0:48:43.979
at the point where we're talking actual[br]security
0:48:43.979,0:48:45.020
what they don't
0:48:45.020,0:48:49.269
it fully appreciate is that they are[br]also part of the problem
0:48:49.269,0:48:51.349
but its safety daycare
0:48:51.349,0:48:54.599
they would like to be feel like they're[br]safe on the Internet and they don't give
0:48:54.599,0:48:58.299
us a fight because orders policy of[br]reported
0:48:58.299,0:48:58.900
so i'm
0:48:58.900,0:49:00.279
thinking that we should be
0:49:00.279,0:49:03.579
working out uh... kind of cyber fire[br]depart
0:49:03.579,0:49:07.559
velvet model i have in my head into[br]somebody standing in front of his uh...
0:49:07.559,0:49:11.229
his house was burning down and he's got[br]a garden hose
0:49:11.229,0:49:14.909
and he's taking any somebody with the[br]rows and more water
0:49:14.909,0:49:18.359
in order for this out in the first thing[br]the comes to mind is not to call the
0:49:18.359,0:49:19.199
police department
0:49:19.199,0:49:21.219
you call firepower
0:49:21.219,0:49:25.110
so we don't have a sucker for apartment[br]in for a lot of individuals
0:49:25.110,0:49:28.140
households and small businesses and[br]everything else they don't have the
0:49:28.140,0:49:30.549
expertise to put out a certified
0:49:30.549,0:49:33.889
they don't know what to do about being[br]infected within a matter of fact that
0:49:33.889,0:49:37.369
they don't know what to do about cyber[br]tackled
0:49:37.369,0:49:42.049
and what they have cyber for in incall
0:49:42.049,0:49:44.729
as a business or vigil
0:49:44.729,0:49:47.619
but the rules may have to be different[br]from what we did when we actually caught
0:49:47.619,0:49:50.849
fire department your neighbor can call[br]fire department to be seizure house on
0:49:50.849,0:49:51.739
fire
0:49:51.739,0:49:54.539
the fire department feels free to come[br]in and broke windows in the rules in
0:49:54.539,0:49:57.640
order for the fire because the[br]neighborhood it is addressed
0:49:57.640,0:49:59.129
so far is out
0:49:59.129,0:50:02.139
but now they have in your competitor[br]calls a cyber fire department says
0:50:02.139,0:50:06.059
you're under attack cases are fire[br]department comes out break settling down
0:50:06.059,0:50:09.409
for three days trying to figure out what[br]the problem is in wilder out of business
0:50:09.409,0:50:11.349
and your competitors flailing
0:50:11.349,0:50:13.240
so the rules for
0:50:13.240,0:50:18.520
uh... indeed start for artwork the[br]different media before
0:50:18.520,0:50:20.229
for example
0:50:20.229,0:50:22.739
i think it's important in this analogy[br]is
0:50:22.739,0:50:25.819
the fire department aptly put out the[br]fire try to figure out why the fire
0:50:25.819,0:50:27.099
started
0:50:27.099,0:50:31.949
interviews are some and suddenly the[br]police department of the heroes on for
0:50:31.949,0:50:33.239
some gets the ball
0:50:33.239,0:50:35.310
you can imagine a similar kind of[br]scenario
0:50:35.310,0:50:38.510
something else happens the fire[br]department economic inspector building
0:50:38.510,0:50:40.989
to see whether or not meet parker
0:50:40.989,0:50:42.890
and we have fire codes for buildings
0:50:42.890,0:50:44.899
and and that you can imagine
0:50:44.899,0:50:46.939
looking for
0:50:46.939,0:50:50.960
advice and even some rules for designing[br]systems that are safer
0:50:50.960,0:50:52.019
than others
0:50:52.019,0:50:56.279
just like we have rules for doing[br]buildings that are safer examples forget
0:50:56.279,0:50:59.689
multiple exits entrances for for[br]safety's sake
0:50:59.689,0:51:03.839
so i think that we are at a period of[br]time worthless consider
0:51:03.839,0:51:05.059
uh... me
0:51:05.059,0:51:07.939
invention of the summer for a car
0:51:07.939,0:51:09.679
their country of the things here that
0:51:09.679,0:51:10.580
dimension
0:51:10.580,0:51:14.059
i have a few other things to talk about[br]it also no
0:51:14.059,0:51:15.149
vietnam
0:51:15.149,0:51:16.349
pretty close to having
0:51:16.349,0:51:20.179
borden vols or i can't believe it
0:51:20.179,0:51:21.589
here's the problem
0:51:21.589,0:51:23.970
digital signatures are really attractive[br]right
0:51:23.970,0:51:27.029
significance and usually sign things[br]anywhere
0:51:27.029,0:51:29.119
the question is legally
0:51:29.119,0:51:31.949
is is it is a digital signature binding
0:51:31.949,0:51:36.339
and it's not percent clear right now[br]especially international business
0:51:36.339,0:51:41.149
whether or not a contract has been[br]signed usually it has weighed in court
0:51:41.149,0:51:44.739
and so there's eighteen missing uh...
0:51:44.739,0:51:45.959
assessment
0:51:45.959,0:51:49.219
uh... either there is legislation does[br]require
0:51:49.219,0:51:53.680
or the international treaties required[br]in order to determine whether or not
0:51:53.680,0:51:56.349
digital signature on a contract is[br]binding
0:51:56.349,0:52:00.309
we don't have uh... agreements yet[br]cleaning up but i think you would you
0:52:00.309,0:52:01.000
wouldn't have
0:52:01.000,0:52:02.469
words but
0:52:02.469,0:52:05.140
come to some agreement about that
0:52:05.140,0:52:08.259
i'm sure all of you are aware of the[br]current state of debate on intellectual
0:52:08.259,0:52:09.629
property
0:52:09.629,0:52:11.389
on the path inside
0:52:11.389,0:52:14.119
software patents to turn out to be a[br]nightmare
0:52:14.119,0:52:17.400
and uh... i think all those who[br]recognize what that is
0:52:17.400,0:52:21.500
the best example i can give you a wild[br]and this is important for creativity and
0:52:21.500,0:52:22.519
innovation
0:52:22.519,0:52:24.069
is html
0:52:24.069,0:52:26.380
when the first browsers for me
0:52:26.380,0:52:28.329
even when the timbers needed
0:52:28.329,0:52:32.079
uh... they had to feature the you can[br]actually asking to show you the html
0:52:32.079,0:52:32.989
source
0:52:32.989,0:52:35.189
and you could figure out how do they do[br]that
0:52:35.189,0:52:38.689
and then they copied each other and it[br]was great because you know webmasters
0:52:38.689,0:52:39.920
learn from each other
0:52:39.920,0:52:43.510
they develop new ideas everybody got to[br]try new things out and give them the
0:52:43.510,0:52:45.039
evolution
0:52:45.039,0:52:47.019
the webpage was pretty dramatic
0:52:47.019,0:52:50.739
over a very short period of time because[br]people share each other's ideas and use
0:52:50.739,0:52:51.419
it
0:52:51.419,0:52:52.769
of html
0:52:52.769,0:52:56.880
uh... in that's just one example of the[br]reason why open this has been so
0:52:56.880,0:53:00.369
valuable that's why google makes[br]open-source available creme brulee
0:53:00.369,0:53:05.799
increment croats for the same reasons[br]but right now there's a lot of attention
0:53:05.799,0:53:07.309
comes to copyright
0:53:07.309,0:53:08.799
it's a whole other story
0:53:08.799,0:53:11.959
uh... some of you will remember the[br]uh...
0:53:11.959,0:53:12.769
uh... in the
0:53:12.769,0:53:14.409
our constitution
0:53:14.409,0:53:17.200
the notion of copyright was installed in[br]there
0:53:17.200,0:53:18.750
as for two reasons
0:53:18.750,0:53:22.069
to benefit the party who had created a[br]work
0:53:22.069,0:53:24.449
for a limited period of time
0:53:24.449,0:53:26.629
originally was fourteen years
0:53:26.629,0:53:29.989
and if you were the author of something[br]that you could control who can make
0:53:29.989,0:53:32.099
copies of it for that period of time
0:53:32.099,0:53:35.139
if you were still alive after fourteen[br]years ago actually had an option to
0:53:35.139,0:53:38.000
extend the copyright again for another[br]fourteen years
0:53:38.000,0:53:40.509
i think you had to make the payment to[br]do that
0:53:40.509,0:53:43.130
well what has happened over the whole[br]and then
0:53:43.130,0:53:45.309
after that period had expired
0:53:45.309,0:53:48.039
the work became part of the public[br]domain
0:53:48.039,0:53:50.639
intent here to benefit the population
0:53:50.639,0:53:52.190
in the words are in there
0:53:52.190,0:53:56.009
exactly that way what has happened over[br]the course of a couple of years
0:53:56.009,0:53:59.459
is that the intellectual property[br]community has extended
0:53:59.459,0:54:01.349
the lifetime
0:54:01.349,0:54:03.470
for but the copyright holder s
0:54:03.470,0:54:06.549
seventy five years after the death of[br]the office
0:54:06.549,0:54:10.890
this feels a little excessive to me[br]because it seems to have left out
0:54:10.890,0:54:14.340
the idea that things in the public[br]domain would benefit the general public
0:54:14.340,0:54:17.079
i think we've been waiting for
0:54:17.079,0:54:20.029
we're seeing similar problems with[br]passed because we have people fighting
0:54:20.029,0:54:21.229
overpass
0:54:21.229,0:54:24.429
that expanding billions of dollars
0:54:24.429,0:54:27.509
things it probably should have been[br]patented in the first place i think this
0:54:27.509,0:54:30.619
is a largely approval of software
0:54:30.619,0:54:35.010
so uh... this is a big problem in some[br]of us into technical world were about
0:54:35.010,0:54:37.049
do indeed with the legal people
0:54:37.049,0:54:40.539
in order to work through the[br]implications of changing
0:54:40.539,0:54:42.349
love the way these things work
0:54:42.349,0:54:45.669
and final thing i wanted to mention on[br]the slide has to do with the problem
0:54:45.669,0:54:46.579
that
0:54:46.579,0:54:50.009
uh... we are increasingly creating[br]digital content
0:54:50.009,0:54:55.159
every day when we use word processing[br]programs that were used for entry to usa
0:54:55.159,0:54:57.630
uh... presentation software kind or[br]another
0:54:57.630,0:55:00.409
we create fairly complex digital files
0:55:00.409,0:55:03.859
say this is the big business in those[br]files were only meaningful with the
0:55:03.859,0:55:06.469
software that created them is available
0:55:06.469,0:55:10.009
and one of the problems that arise this[br]is an overtime
0:55:10.009,0:55:12.619
that's offering up the executed
0:55:12.619,0:55:14.959
on the machines that you have available
0:55:14.959,0:55:18.339
and so if you carefully stored the bits[br]and you've moved them from the five
0:55:18.339,0:55:23.259
quarter-inch floppy do the three and a[br]half incentive you know the uh... dvds
0:55:23.259,0:55:24.319
or cds
0:55:24.319,0:55:29.180
to any and seller if you move the dates[br]from one begin to another if there is no
0:55:29.180,0:55:32.979
guarantee that the software that created[br]them will still be money machine that
0:55:32.979,0:55:34.339
you're currently
0:55:34.339,0:55:37.449
using or the operating system that we[br]currently using
0:55:37.449,0:55:38.679
uh... the uh...
0:55:38.679,0:55:40.759
lol might uh...
0:55:40.759,0:55:42.679
experiment i remember whose
0:55:42.679,0:55:45.379
what happens in this year's three[br]thousand
0:55:45.379,0:55:47.369
and you've got a google search
0:55:47.369,0:55:50.889
and in turn up in nineteen ninety seven[br]qar point five
0:55:50.889,0:55:53.829
the question suppose you're running[br]windows three thousand images for the
0:55:53.829,0:55:55.069
sake of argument
0:55:55.069,0:55:58.359
and the question is will the windows[br]three thousand package interpreting
0:55:58.359,0:56:02.169
nineteen ninety-seven powerpoint file[br]correctly answered probably no
0:56:02.169,0:56:05.839
and this is not a gratuitous vega[br]microsoft even if you're using open
0:56:05.839,0:56:06.799
source
0:56:06.799,0:56:09.289
mechanisms that the other[br]hundred-percent through the open source
0:56:09.289,0:56:12.729
programs would continue to be compiled[br]worry machine
0:56:12.729,0:56:14.430
up until the year three thousand
0:56:14.430,0:56:17.969
so there's a real challenge their which[br]is maintaining the ability to interpret
0:56:17.969,0:56:19.219
the debts
0:56:19.219,0:56:21.529
in scientific data it's even worse
0:56:21.529,0:56:22.589
because he he
0:56:22.589,0:56:27.019
uh... track not only in the distant[br]cells from in san diego calibration
0:56:27.019,0:56:28.269
instruments
0:56:28.269,0:56:31.429
uh... in the conditions under which the[br]data was collected
0:56:31.429,0:56:35.019
we don't have a bridging right now
0:56:35.019,0:56:39.509
either a few more that we can retain[br]information or even that we can get
0:56:39.509,0:56:41.110
access to software
0:56:41.110,0:56:42.999
when the company goes out of business
0:56:42.999,0:56:44.520
or when they with lisa
0:56:44.520,0:56:48.750
a new version is not compatible with the[br]previous one how do we get access to the
0:56:48.750,0:56:50.689
previous of software
0:56:50.689,0:56:54.599
there are there is no current regime[br]which recognizes the importance of
0:56:54.599,0:56:55.549
retaining
0:56:55.549,0:56:57.740
uh... access to the scheduled days
0:56:57.740,0:57:00.049
some of you probably saw the movie[br]lincoln
0:57:00.049,0:57:01.599
and you've ever reading a book
0:57:01.599,0:57:02.689
called
0:57:02.689,0:57:05.659
a team of rivals by doris kearns good
0:57:05.659,0:57:09.359
one of the interesting things about[br]herblock usage fee reconstructed the
0:57:09.359,0:57:10.930
dialogue with the time
0:57:10.930,0:57:14.140
by going to a hundred different[br]libraries and finding the lenders
0:57:14.140,0:57:16.670
principles in that uh... story
0:57:16.670,0:57:18.099
had said to each other
0:57:18.099,0:57:22.299
she was able to reconstruct dialogue[br]based on their imagine the june twenty
0:57:22.299,0:57:26.299
second century and trying to reproduce[br]what life was like in are twenty first
0:57:26.299,0:57:27.249
century
0:57:27.249,0:57:30.539
everything we've done is scheduled it's[br]all done it's unacceptable they will
0:57:30.539,0:57:32.649
never be at the moment we work
0:57:32.649,0:57:36.529
we we will not be good ancestors we will[br]be invisible ancestors
0:57:36.529,0:57:40.369
so we can not this would have to figure[br]out how to do background
0:57:40.369,0:57:41.049
ocampo
0:57:41.049,0:57:42.839
team well
0:57:42.839,0:57:45.409
you know what
0:57:45.409,0:57:48.179
through getting lazy
0:57:48.179,0:57:49.180
i really feel
0:57:49.180,0:57:52.159
compelled to tell you some of this is it[br]ok
0:57:52.159,0:57:54.009
uh... so
0:57:54.009,0:57:56.989
this is the thing that's interesting[br]about the Internet is that despite the
0:57:56.989,0:57:59.010
fact that bomb in a local celebrate
0:57:59.010,0:58:02.809
the fortieth anniversary of the design
0:58:02.809,0:58:06.019
paper was published in may of seventy[br]four of the original papers written in
0:58:06.019,0:58:08.259
september of seventy three
0:58:08.259,0:58:10.109
and we turn the system on
0:58:10.109,0:58:12.389
on january one nineteen eighty three
0:58:12.389,0:58:16.069
sows an operational for thirty years in[br]spite of this age
0:58:16.069,0:58:19.139
uh... it has a long pretty dramatically[br]and there are lots of things that are
0:58:19.139,0:58:23.269
still going on there could be done with[br]the open flow idea stanford university
0:58:23.269,0:58:27.219
and it begins with is a particularly[br]interesting example
0:58:27.219,0:58:29.149
you know when we don't balance
0:58:29.149,0:58:31.279
with cisco another still drives
0:58:31.279,0:58:33.069
big is the address base
0:58:33.069,0:58:35.789
on the packets to figure out where they[br]should welcome so you look at the
0:58:35.789,0:58:39.309
destination addressing look it up in a[br]cable news where doctor replied the
0:58:39.309,0:58:40.519
cable companies
0:58:40.519,0:58:43.049
fourteen thousand you do that
0:58:43.049,0:58:47.469
mitnick in his guys said wildly limiting[br]ourselves to the end respects
0:58:47.469,0:58:50.979
it why can't use other events in the[br]packet to tell us where out things what
0:58:50.979,0:58:54.709
we did look at the other states at all[br]just look at the content decided how to
0:58:54.709,0:58:55.900
wrap based on that
0:58:55.900,0:58:59.040
as a slightly multitask like ring to it[br]at that because you can imagine
0:58:59.040,0:59:00.240
announcing
0:59:00.240,0:59:02.399
you were interested in this kind of[br]content
0:59:02.399,0:59:05.629
and everybody knows that i'm interested[br]in that kind of content would get copies
0:59:05.629,0:59:08.579
of the package because the drowning[br]people would say anybody that said they
0:59:08.579,0:59:09.409
wanted
0:59:09.409,0:59:12.059
that content we were back to that[br]smoking yes
0:59:12.059,0:59:15.909
so what what they have done basically is[br]open up the notion of routing too much
0:59:15.909,0:59:18.429
broader range possibilities
0:59:18.429,0:59:20.329
this is really powerful stuff
0:59:20.329,0:59:23.739
and i don't have time to go to all the[br]details of the global
0:59:23.739,0:59:25.650
decided to build an hour
0:59:25.650,0:59:29.509
wide area network backbone that connects[br]all of our data centers together using
0:59:29.509,0:59:30.639
open flow
0:59:30.639,0:59:33.759
so over a period of about eighteen[br]months aboard where we work with the
0:59:33.759,0:59:34.890
overflow team
0:59:34.890,0:59:36.349
we actually implemented
0:59:36.349,0:59:40.119
and open for hours and we build[br]ourselves and we put into operation in
0:59:40.119,0:59:42.709
the backbone latino business together
0:59:42.709,0:59:43.819
it's given us
0:59:43.819,0:59:47.499
substantially better performance in[br]terms of uh... your station of the
0:59:47.499,0:59:48.449
optical
0:59:48.449,0:59:50.709
uh... network that links are data[br]centers
0:59:50.709,0:59:55.140
so have very ambitious thing to do[br]identity do with it some thought that i
0:59:55.140,0:59:59.749
can taken credit don't want you earth[br]also as our senior vp for information
0:59:59.749,1:00:01.249
for infrastructure
1:00:01.249,1:00:03.519
and his team just landed
1:00:03.519,1:00:05.079
and it's really impressive
1:00:05.079,1:00:10.099
uh... so this is an example of breaking[br]uh... out over donor card it will
1:00:10.099,1:00:12.909
emulate everything literary robert do
1:00:12.909,1:00:15.669
because use text of the actors
1:00:15.669,1:00:18.840
but the fact is is like any technology[br]worded
1:00:18.840,1:00:20.959
does the previous thing
1:00:20.959,1:00:23.829
and then because you using new[br]technology to do the previous thing you
1:00:23.829,1:00:26.739
can send you step in the body of your[br]life you can do it
1:00:26.739,1:00:28.869
uh... that's very
1:00:28.869,1:00:31.659
uh... another we talked about[br]configuration management and the
1:00:31.659,1:00:33.839
Internet things
1:00:33.839,1:00:37.019
problem certificates and certification
1:00:37.019,1:00:39.859
a lot of people thought that issuing[br]certificates should be greatly reduced
1:00:39.859,1:00:41.489
authentication
1:00:41.489,1:00:44.779
but that assumes you can trust you to[br]get it for recent issues a certificate
1:00:44.779,1:00:46.099
in the first place
1:00:46.099,1:00:48.159
problems you can do you know if you
1:00:48.159,1:00:52.229
isn't the issue where the certificate[br]can have any string they want to
1:00:52.229,1:00:54.259
associated with the public key
1:00:54.259,1:00:55.659
there was no concern
1:00:55.659,1:00:59.249
and so if you in fact were able to call[br]wears
1:00:59.249,1:01:02.709
uh... a certificate authority by the[br]certificate authority over break into a
1:01:02.709,1:01:05.829
certificate is already in generate fall[br]certificate
1:01:05.829,1:01:11.049
with more microsoft word himself for[br]providers namely in that certificate and
1:01:11.049,1:01:12.200
then somehow
1:01:12.200,1:01:13.839
issue software
1:01:13.839,1:01:17.469
associated that certificate you can[br]cause people to mistakenly download and
1:01:17.469,1:01:19.299
install
1:01:19.299,1:01:20.759
well the problem here is
1:01:20.759,1:01:23.069
trust every certificate corey
1:01:23.069,1:01:25.919
now you can try to uh... thought to that
1:01:25.919,1:01:29.719
if you look at your browser and you see[br]how many certificate authorities are
1:01:29.719,1:01:32.349
uh... are trusted outfits
1:01:32.349,1:01:34.909
it's only and self control
1:01:34.909,1:01:38.549
sold by the other alternative india[br]atf_ right now is to look at the
1:01:38.549,1:01:41.179
possibility of installing certificates
1:01:41.179,1:01:42.750
intervening system
1:01:42.750,1:01:44.539
using insect
1:01:44.539,1:01:45.669
as a tool
1:01:45.669,1:01:49.069
for making sure that everything going[br]down to the place where the certificate
1:01:49.069,1:01:53.609
is being installed has been digitally[br]signed so there's a change dress on top
1:01:53.609,1:01:54.270
of that
1:01:54.270,1:01:59.519
is usually is related to refer to[br]strings that are related to me
1:01:59.519,1:02:03.159
in which that coddling inserted interest[br]on
1:02:03.159,1:02:04.389
so if you're
1:02:04.389,1:02:05.869
google dot com
1:02:05.869,1:02:09.899
the only certificates that i could have[br]a good in cool dot com the second level
1:02:09.899,1:02:10.879
domain
1:02:10.879,1:02:13.830
with her third level domains inside[br]google dot com
1:02:13.830,1:02:20.340
any other attempts to for certificate[br]out of that part of the uh... demeaning
1:02:20.340,1:02:21.079
zone
1:02:21.079,1:02:24.010
we have to be rejected out of him[br]because he
1:02:24.010,1:02:25.990
strain was accredited
1:02:25.990,1:02:27.709
wasn't from its own
1:02:27.709,1:02:30.859
so that's an example of a way of[br]responding to this story
1:02:30.859,1:02:31.910
let me just mention
1:02:31.910,1:02:35.029
one of the things i want to give you a[br]quick summary of the year planetary
1:02:35.029,1:02:36.019
system
1:02:36.019,1:02:37.889
uh... p
1:02:37.889,1:02:41.569
uh... those of you who study the history[br]of competing here remember project
1:02:41.569,1:02:44.279
activity back in the nineteen sixties
1:02:44.279,1:02:47.859
one of the interesting things they did[br]was to modify and she knows ge six
1:02:47.859,1:02:50.349
thirty five thirty to six forty five
1:02:50.349,1:02:54.349
that had it brings a protection and[br]their management
1:02:54.349,1:02:57.849
it reads a protection were triggered[br]whenever you executed as sensitive
1:02:57.849,1:02:59.329
instruction
1:02:59.329,1:03:02.649
that instruction tracked down to the[br]colonel software and said who r u what
1:03:02.649,1:03:05.529
are you doing here when instruction he[br]tried to execute and what makes you
1:03:05.529,1:03:08.049
think you have the authority to do that
1:03:08.049,1:03:11.169
and all the colonel would decide whether[br]or not you were actually allowed to
1:03:11.169,1:03:15.389
execute the instruction in place in the[br]appropriate reign of control so as you
1:03:15.389,1:03:19.749
got down to ring zero who have more more[br]control over machine this is an example
1:03:19.749,1:03:23.789
of hardware and software working[br]together to reinforce security
1:03:23.789,1:03:26.869
we actually have that capability in the[br]x_-eighty six trips but nobody's
1:03:26.869,1:03:28.049
programming
1:03:28.049,1:03:30.709
and they should be good to know so[br]that's one example of hardware
1:03:30.709,1:03:32.300
reinforcing security
1:03:32.300,1:03:33.549
with software
1:03:33.549,1:03:37.339
um... the same thing is just happened[br]recently with uh... violence with
1:03:37.339,1:03:39.019
digitally signed by house
1:03:39.019,1:03:43.349
we can execute people program comes in[br]the operating system and less
1:03:43.349,1:03:45.700
the digital signature on the five scone
1:03:45.700,1:03:47.139
checks out with her
1:03:47.139,1:03:49.719
it's another example of getting more[br]reinforcements
1:03:49.719,1:03:53.579
okay hundred skip down to the[br]interplanetary Internet so we've heard
1:03:53.579,1:03:56.359
about this it was just an update on the[br]status
1:03:56.359,1:04:00.989
when we started we were interested in[br]providing better networking for
1:04:00.989,1:04:02.539
uh... exploring mars
1:04:02.539,1:04:06.179
this was in nineteen ninety just after[br]the pathfinder project
1:04:06.179,1:04:09.750
waited smallholder on mars very[br]successfully
1:04:09.750,1:04:13.280
the information that was coming back[br]with strip directly from apple or over a
1:04:13.280,1:04:15.869
wave after through the deep space[br]network
1:04:15.869,1:04:19.140
and so my colleagues and i had the jet[br]propulsion laboratory ki
1:04:19.140,1:04:20.589
what should we be doing
1:04:20.589,1:04:23.510
and we will need twenty five years from[br]now in order to provide better
1:04:23.510,1:04:25.960
networking for uh... p
1:04:25.960,1:04:26.890
uh... space
1:04:26.890,1:04:28.189
faring nations
1:04:28.189,1:04:32.609
and out we very quickly concluded we[br]should use rich networking like Internet
1:04:32.609,1:04:36.429
no we said well maybe we can use the[br]cpi_ p hearts on earth so maybe work
1:04:36.429,1:04:37.599
on mars too
1:04:37.599,1:04:41.010
and of course i will work on mars but it[br]doesn't work between the planets
1:04:41.010,1:04:44.300
because of the variable delay which[br]could be up to twenty minutes one way
1:04:44.300,1:04:47.179
forty minutes roundtrip and also[br]destruction
1:04:47.179,1:04:51.039
in the plan is a rotating we have[br]figured out how to stop that
1:04:51.039,1:04:54.619
sup so if you're talking to something on[br]the surface of the planet rotates or
1:04:54.619,1:04:55.989
maybe there's an order
1:04:55.989,1:04:58.980
you can talk a little it comes back[br]around again
1:04:58.980,1:05:03.010
so we end up with this variable the land[br]destruction environment pcp_ is broke
1:05:03.010,1:05:04.070
in that regard
1:05:04.070,1:05:08.409
so we developed a new initially[br]protocols we call the bottle protocol
1:05:08.409,1:05:11.849
in recent years we didn't come up with[br]very beautifully done kentucky fried
1:05:11.849,1:05:17.189
chicken noodle called hotbed birds[br]period
1:05:17.189,1:05:22.349
just not really giving some final phone[br]call isn't your planetary world unit
1:05:22.349,1:05:24.859
protocol is winter
1:05:24.859,1:05:27.809
it'll run on basically anything that[br]moves a packet of dates from one place
1:05:27.809,1:05:32.429
to another runs on top of pcp_ dealers[br]on top of the vp hearings and cut by p
1:05:32.429,1:05:34.609
was on top of point-to-point links
1:05:34.609,1:05:39.489
do we get after looking for a regions of[br]the design of the system
1:05:39.489,1:05:44.569
we install it uh... for experimental[br]purposes uh... but let me go back
1:05:44.569,1:05:47.739
there there was you know in two thousand[br]four
1:05:47.739,1:05:50.130
over several and in order to him
1:05:50.130,1:05:52.410
very successfully spirit and opportunity
1:05:52.410,1:05:56.429
one of them I'd forget which fear is has[br]died
1:05:56.429,1:06:00.409
i can read one of his dad the other one[br]is uh... still producing data
1:06:00.409,1:06:04.419
but when they were uh... first landed[br]they were supposed to transmit data
1:06:04.419,1:06:07.479
directly back to earth away pathfinder[br]did
1:06:07.479,1:06:09.699
but those radios overheat
1:06:09.699,1:06:13.019
and the result is that they needed to[br]reduce the duty cycle to keep it from
1:06:13.019,1:06:16.739
armenia itself or any other equipment[br]was originally rated at twenty eight
1:06:16.739,1:06:18.359
august second
1:06:18.359,1:06:21.509
and that was nearly scientists were not[br]happy about that
1:06:21.509,1:06:24.759
when we told we have to reduce the duty[br]cycle they worry more than happy about
1:06:24.759,1:06:25.679
that
1:06:25.679,1:06:29.189
and so one of the engineer said well[br]there's an expand radio on the rover
1:06:29.189,1:06:33.039
there's an expand radio on orders which[br]have been put in place in orders
1:06:33.039,1:06:35.739
uh... certainly the planet to decide[br]where the rover should go but they
1:06:35.739,1:06:38.249
finish that tested evidence in orbit
1:06:38.249,1:06:41.819
and they had available communications[br]can computing in memory
1:06:41.819,1:06:46.549
so the the orders and the rover[br]reprogrammed
1:06:46.549,1:06:50.239
to take data that you collected squared[br]up to the order when i got into
1:06:50.239,1:06:54.379
with replacement ball into the data for[br]the transmitted data back
1:06:54.379,1:06:56.619
uh... to the deep space network
1:06:56.619,1:07:00.949
the data rate going on the expand radial[br]isn't when he told it's the second
1:07:00.949,1:07:03.390
pakistan grading and two fifty six
1:07:03.390,1:07:07.489
and uh... the orders since they have a[br]large solar arrays and didn't have any
1:07:07.489,1:07:08.180
problem
1:07:08.180,1:07:10.459
even within rowers atmosphere
1:07:10.459,1:07:14.029
could transmit data back it more than[br]two hundred twenty kept a second
1:07:14.029,1:07:17.809
so all the data that was coming back[br]from our school in store for
1:07:17.809,1:07:19.569
packet switching
1:07:19.569,1:07:23.549
today demonstration of how well that[br]could work
1:07:23.549,1:07:26.519
dirt that landed in the year two[br]thousand eight was in the north pole
1:07:26.519,1:07:30.029
didn't have a configuration of three[br]factors so they went through the relay
1:07:30.029,1:07:31.039
again
1:07:31.039,1:07:35.599
belly-up the protocols to be a proxy[br]spacecraft which is in order in the sun
1:07:35.599,1:07:37.779
that had wonderful with two counts
1:07:37.779,1:07:41.339
it was called deep impact originally in[br]the new new mission bringing to the
1:07:41.339,1:07:42.239
party
1:07:42.239,1:07:44.519
so if as the protocols on board
1:07:44.519,1:07:48.339
rovers at the protocols board your[br]orders at the protocols word
1:07:48.339,1:07:51.539
international space station has[br]protocols work
1:07:51.539,1:07:56.349
we're operating basically rudimentary[br]interplanetary network now
1:07:56.349,1:07:59.370
and so what's happening is that at nasa
1:07:59.370,1:08:01.890
efforts to standardize these protocols
1:08:01.890,1:08:05.479
internationally through the consul[br]canadian space data systems
1:08:05.479,1:08:09.689
were hoping that everybody will adopt[br]the protocols use them in their missions
1:08:09.689,1:08:12.759
or even if they don't use among the[br]nations of the salmon on board so when
1:08:12.759,1:08:15.259
those missions are done
1:08:15.259,1:08:18.809
purpose those devices is known as an[br]interplanetary back and so we might
1:08:18.809,1:08:21.009
actually see something
1:08:21.009,1:08:22.339
like that
1:08:22.339,1:08:24.799
uh... over you know many decades
1:08:24.799,1:08:28.829
now some people said well you know why[br]are you doing supports one answers
1:08:28.829,1:08:32.430
provide which options for more complex[br]missions with multiple
1:08:32.430,1:08:36.569
uh... spacecraft in orbit intend on[br]foreign you know in orbit
1:08:36.569,1:08:39.749
around the sun for example were flying[br]out of the solar system
1:08:39.749,1:08:44.119
or possibly on the surface in fact we[br]get into example of that
1:08:44.119,1:08:47.670
a couple of months ago out of the[br]european space agency in cooperation
1:08:47.670,1:08:49.819
with the uh... us
1:08:49.819,1:08:54.020
did may test from the uh...[br]international space station
1:08:54.020,1:08:57.880
using the interplanetary protocols to[br]control the rover on the ground in
1:08:57.880,1:08:58.889
germany
1:08:58.889,1:09:02.269
so while we were demonstrating is one of[br]the white if you were in orbit around
1:09:02.269,1:09:03.380
mars
1:09:03.380,1:09:05.719
and you need to control over remotely
1:09:05.719,1:09:09.170
it was close enough to was real-time[br]interaction so the protocols
1:09:09.170,1:09:12.589
although they can deal with uh...[br]variable delay are also perfectly ok
1:09:12.589,1:09:14.679
disliking vp
1:09:14.679,1:09:15.680
fine
1:09:15.680,1:09:19.240
so you have a wonder will go right so[br]that might help build more complex
1:09:19.240,1:09:19.960
missions
1:09:19.960,1:09:22.239
but i have one of the reason for doing[br]this
1:09:22.239,1:09:25.819
barbour released a contract last year[br]for half a million dollars
1:09:25.819,1:09:29.400
to a consortium to design a spacecraft[br]they can get to the nearest star in a
1:09:29.400,1:09:30.589
hundred years
1:09:30.589,1:09:33.639
that's for reflectors away alpha[br]centauri
1:09:33.639,1:09:38.509
and so uh... i'm lucky to be part of[br]that consortium in their three problems
1:09:38.509,1:09:40.670
problem number one is propulsion
1:09:40.670,1:09:44.569
uh... it turns out that uh... the[br]current propulsion systems would take
1:09:44.569,1:09:45.250
about
1:09:45.250,1:09:49.020
sixty five thousand years to get from[br]earth to alpha centauri
1:09:49.020,1:09:51.429
which is a little won't even for a[br]darker project
1:09:51.429,1:09:56.199
so the question is how do i get up to[br]about twenty percent the speed of light
1:09:56.199,1:10:00.969
an ally the way we need to william[br]slowdown before we get together and
1:10:00.969,1:10:04.489
otherwise we'll get one image in indian[br]than expected
1:10:04.489,1:10:08.969
so the idea of what you saw them in[br]going forward so we have to reaches
1:10:08.969,1:10:13.000
speed of about twenty percent speed of[br]light midpoint fifty years and then be
1:10:13.000,1:10:14.689
able to console them
1:10:14.689,1:10:17.030
to get to work at the evidence that's[br]one problem
1:10:17.030,1:10:18.919
navigation is another problem
1:10:18.919,1:10:23.570
uh... imagine you know that when we do[br]interplanetary projects now
1:10:23.570,1:10:26.590
usually the spacecraft get to a certain[br]point in the mission and you have to do
1:10:26.590,1:10:29.989
in the course sections and we do that is[br]interactively
1:10:29.989,1:10:33.979
not not not literally real-time we send[br]the correction information we get back
1:10:33.979,1:10:36.460
to information about the change in me
1:10:36.460,1:10:37.679
uh... flight path
1:10:37.679,1:10:41.790
now imagined for doing this for the[br]space craft that's not what your way
1:10:41.790,1:10:44.760
so it takes a year for the information[br]you get there another year for you to
1:10:44.760,1:10:46.729
find out whether or not worker
1:10:46.729,1:10:49.840
instant feel like it was real[br]interactive on
1:10:49.840,1:10:54.160
so i got worried about that until[br]somebody pointed out that ecom proper
1:10:54.160,1:10:57.270
motion stars that are within about ten[br]litres of
1:10:57.270,1:10:59.809
our solar system was actually pretty[br]woman
1:10:59.809,1:11:04.670
which means that we can do in homestead[br]additional slightly
1:11:04.670,1:11:07.090
as we can use stars there much farther[br]away
1:11:07.090,1:11:10.159
as a way of calibrating where we are and[br]then use that to make a mid-course
1:11:10.159,1:11:11.190
corrections
1:11:11.190,1:11:13.770
so that i was easy that this[br]communication
1:11:13.770,1:11:17.130
how big the generators signal it would[br]be detectable order
1:11:17.130,1:11:19.159
from for your support
1:11:19.159,1:11:23.169
uh... you know and also you have to[br]deliver the equipment to for lives away
1:11:23.169,1:11:26.479
so you have some limitations on message[br]you can send
1:11:26.479,1:11:30.590
so i've been thinking well maybe eh...[br]femtosecond lasers mentioned you have a
1:11:30.590,1:11:31.680
hundred what
1:11:31.680,1:11:35.770
power supply and compress a hundred one[br]signals ten minus fifteen seconds and
1:11:35.770,1:11:37.030
should give you pretty good
1:11:37.030,1:11:38.130
since then
1:11:38.130,1:11:41.890
without even if it's a laser beam isn't[br]being spread
1:11:41.890,1:11:46.370
over four lightyear distance and i get[br]this very attenuated bohat false
1:11:46.370,1:11:50.020
attenuated downsizings sewer systems and[br]now you know i need the interplanetary
1:11:50.020,1:11:51.210
backbone
1:11:51.210,1:11:54.400
is so i can do the synthetic aperture[br]receiver to detect the signal coming
1:11:54.400,1:11:56.239
from an office in time
1:11:56.239,1:12:01.820
one of the physicist said wait a minute[br]there's another when it is that
1:12:01.820,1:12:07.050
you know that he that he will be online[br]stone figure some serious right
1:12:07.050,1:12:11.040
so he said if you go fired fifty[br]astronomical units away from the senate
1:12:11.040,1:12:15.150
you begin to get the point where the[br]gravity will form a focal point
1:12:15.150,1:12:16.199
fulfilling
1:12:16.199,1:12:20.479
so we can just get equipment five and[br]fifty a year out from her
1:12:20.479,1:12:25.039
then we can use the focal uh...[br]gravitational lands of the sun in order
1:12:25.039,1:12:27.810
to focus the signal is coming office in[br]time
1:12:27.810,1:12:31.670
so that certain current idea building[br]planetary
1:12:31.670,1:12:33.079
answered style
1:12:33.079,1:12:36.119
system intergalactic it's somebody[br]else's trial
1:12:36.119,1:12:39.469
file i i'm sorry when i sent him a[br]little bit
1:12:39.469,1:12:41.659
speaking talent dizzy and sick about[br]this
1:12:41.659,1:12:45.539
i happen to spend some time in two and a[br]biol forgive you if you all the center
1:12:45.539,1:12:46.340
of the way
1:12:46.340,1:12:53.340
but i think in any case for coming to[br]google c
1:13:03.099,1:13:07.479
mister thank you so much prestige for[br]another great speech you gave last year
1:13:07.479,1:13:10.040
uh... presented by
1:13:10.040,1:13:13.580
you'll stop
1:13:13.580,1:13:20.559
understand you're and said sorry start[br]work here
1:13:20.559,1:13:25.419
those are are real meals problems a real[br]problem is that we can find in our
1:13:25.419,1:13:26.409
discussion
1:13:26.409,1:13:31.659
to those words we actually banda[br]thinking in uh... in ways that general
1:13:31.659,1:13:36.610
solely anyone masses espy's march
1:13:36.610,1:13:40.139
urich
1:13:40.139,1:13:47.139
uh... if metallic style security xy i[br]have actually has interactions with the
1:13:47.530,1:13:51.400
department of homeland security which is[br]actually doing an experiment with the
1:13:51.400,1:13:52.699
sacristy
1:13:52.699,1:13:53.709
notion
1:13:53.709,1:13:57.979
so that i don't know how far they've[br]gotten into releasing
1:13:57.979,1:14:02.409
functionality to make it available but[br]my understanding is that they see the
1:14:02.409,1:14:03.550
need for
1:14:03.550,1:14:05.950
uh... the order to avoid the
1:14:05.950,1:14:08.919
small businesses to have a place to go[br]home to get help
1:14:08.919,1:14:12.489
because the building helped me get today[br]tends to be
1:14:12.489,1:14:16.840
antivirus operating download which does[br]help to some degree but all of you sure
1:14:16.840,1:14:18.149
very familiar with
1:14:18.149,1:14:20.929
daisy row attacks which are increasingly[br]common
1:14:20.929,1:14:25.199
and the other thing i worry about[br]specifically is the response to suffer
1:14:25.199,1:14:26.250
tak
1:14:26.250,1:14:31.900
if you have a young uh... an attack[br]wishing let's take it distributed in the
1:14:31.900,1:14:33.600
home services
1:14:33.600,1:14:37.190
uh... if you're interested in responses[br]i'm going to wipe out this drives a
1:14:37.190,1:14:39.530
volvo machines that are attacking me
1:14:39.530,1:14:43.480
turns out those machines are probably[br]owned by citizens
1:14:43.480,1:14:45.659
who don't know their machines are[br]infected
1:14:45.659,1:14:49.489
and be able to wipe out this transit you[br]know a million people
1:14:49.489,1:14:53.130
some of those uh... machines were[br]important for daily operation
1:14:53.130,1:14:55.409
and suddenly we have found ourselves and[br]for
1:14:55.409,1:14:58.219
so that can't be right answers so we[br]have to think our way through our
1:14:58.219,1:15:00.800
carefully about how we attribute the[br]source
1:15:00.800,1:15:03.679
and what we do about the case where
1:15:03.679,1:15:08.369
the actual attacking devices are not[br]under the control actually abusers
1:15:08.369,1:15:12.379
that is still a lot of work to be done
1:15:12.379,1:15:15.269
saying yeah i think in the beginning you[br]mentioned uh... the next big thing
1:15:15.269,1:15:18.960
possibly people using a device is used[br]to do
1:15:18.960,1:15:21.829
xyz_ likely music on the same room
1:15:21.829,1:15:26.369
uh... play video record surveillance is[br]tough on you use your more thoughts
1:15:26.369,1:15:28.830
about about that i'm market myself
1:15:28.830,1:15:30.639
what he said that though
1:15:30.639,1:15:35.329
so what you know one of the things that[br]i find interesting different one figure
1:15:35.329,1:15:36.780
question suggest
1:15:36.780,1:15:38.789
imagine you're driving in the car
1:15:38.789,1:15:43.800
and uh... you are asking questions like[br]how do i get to this destination
1:15:43.800,1:15:48.100
uh... the voice message may go to a[br]speech understanding system
1:15:48.100,1:15:52.070
but the answer may come back on the[br]navigational display on the car everyone
1:15:52.070,1:15:54.719
that using two devices at the same time
1:15:54.719,1:15:57.870
the way that the system navigational[br]system
1:15:57.870,1:16:02.969
knows uh... what is the address of the[br]occasional displays that the system is
1:16:02.969,1:16:06.770
taking her voice is also telling the[br]destination here the other devices in
1:16:06.770,1:16:07.710
the car
1:16:07.710,1:16:09.630
how about you walk into a hotel room
1:16:09.630,1:16:11.340
animal that was turned on
1:16:11.340,1:16:14.969
animal well discovers a high-resolution[br]display that below instead of showing
1:16:14.969,1:16:18.290
everything on the train eagle's wing of[br]the mobile now suddenly put it up on a
1:16:18.290,1:16:20.189
large high-resolution
1:16:20.189,1:16:23.970
so these are all kinds things that i'm[br]imagine we could do
1:16:23.970,1:16:28.500
access control is clearly an issue do[br]you want to be lady do that the other
1:16:28.500,1:16:32.280
dining room next door doesn't want to[br]look at what's on his mama
1:16:32.280,1:16:35.849
uh... on your high-resolution display so[br]it's clear that we have to do something
1:16:35.849,1:16:36.869
make sure
1:16:36.869,1:16:38.530
uh... things are promptly control
1:16:38.530,1:16:42.619
weird question over here but i a north[br]microphone just a minute
1:16:42.619,1:16:46.169
thank you for being here and thank you[br]for your contributions mister sir
1:16:46.169,1:16:52.499
uh... my questions pertaining to see and[br]following
1:16:52.499,1:16:56.469
seeing ccp underlying sockets interested
1:16:56.469,1:16:58.149
two point
1:16:58.149,1:17:00.379
seriously
1:17:00.379,1:17:05.259
single stream transport consistent[br]inorder messaging astrology field is the
1:17:05.259,1:17:12.259
right choice speed communicate so first[br]of all answers
1:17:12.469,1:17:17.290
that one of the reasons that insulin[br]saying is you can't intended for
1:17:17.290,1:17:23.190
and so and many party p has one for[br]example http city and town at pcp
1:17:23.190,1:17:25.670
but others are just you pcp
1:17:25.670,1:17:30.449
so committed question no i don't think[br]the pcp_ is the only thing she begins
1:17:30.449,1:17:33.949
it's a astonishing to me that it has[br]actually serviced us as well as it
1:17:33.949,1:17:34.730
happens
1:17:34.730,1:17:38.050
when you think about it's set of[br]constraints and everything else
1:17:38.050,1:17:43.239
but a lot of what happens on the net is[br]uh... that that uses pcp
1:17:43.239,1:17:46.839
does not necessarily use it for[br]subsequent actions so they're uniquely
1:17:46.839,1:17:47.800
streams
1:17:47.800,1:17:52.889
party p streams that are activated by[br]the web based http
1:17:52.889,1:17:58.159
uh... activates a string delivery which[br]is not over jcp it may be over different
1:17:58.159,1:17:59.080
protocol
1:17:59.080,1:18:00.949
and that's all the right thing
1:18:00.949,1:18:03.860
here i think here is to have protocols[br]that are
1:18:03.860,1:18:06.969
appropriate to the application that[br]you're looking for
1:18:06.969,1:18:09.829
uh... so i'm actually encourage people
1:18:09.829,1:18:14.239
to i'll take advantage of fact the[br]Internet is so open to try things out
1:18:14.239,1:18:18.329
there's nothing that's not to directly[br]from on building a whole new set of
1:18:18.329,1:18:19.460
applications
1:18:19.460,1:18:22.570
and we see this kind there's a good[br]example of that where they simply
1:18:22.570,1:18:24.409
download an application
1:18:24.409,1:18:25.699
when you use it
1:18:25.699,1:18:26.719
instead of
1:18:26.719,1:18:29.039
you know anything else in mind that mail
1:18:29.039,1:18:33.249
uh... so handing out frankly I'd be[br]happy to see people invented protocols
1:18:33.249,1:18:36.579
and do a better job for something soon[br]ccp candy
1:18:36.579,1:18:43.370
is so amazing to me and it's been so[br]robust orchestrated time
1:18:43.370,1:18:44.599
out
1:18:44.599,1:18:47.139
action how do you think about privacy
1:18:47.139,1:18:48.560
like well all
1:18:48.560,1:18:52.350
hard times used he he
1:18:52.350,1:18:56.729
in the future is party can be the most[br]valuable assets
1:18:56.729,1:19:03.599
and that using a commonweal percentages[br]stations to the usage of the state
1:19:03.599,1:19:06.159
so is it that well first of all we are[br]intent
1:19:06.159,1:19:10.210
we aware of the importance of preserving[br]priority and privacy and weak
1:19:10.210,1:19:13.420
paid dearly for a couple of mistakes[br]that happen
1:19:13.420,1:19:17.380
elected incidental collection of[br]information when we were doing street
1:19:17.380,1:19:18.689
view
1:19:18.689,1:19:22.730
i think though that privacy is becoming[br]increasingly hard to protect
1:19:22.730,1:19:26.820
the reason is not because who has[br]information we will fight very hard for
1:19:26.820,1:19:30.320
to maintain your privacy we have[br]resisted government demand
1:19:30.320,1:19:34.329
for information more actively and many[br]other companies and also a whole
1:19:34.329,1:19:35.690
a lot of information
1:19:35.690,1:19:39.489
but we do it ourselves and we take[br]pictures of them allows we upload onto
1:19:39.489,1:19:40.659
the website
1:19:40.659,1:19:44.550
some people are discovered being in[br]places where they were doing the people
1:19:44.550,1:19:47.719
you put the pictures that we do this to[br]every friend but it isn't your friend
1:19:47.719,1:19:48.719
somebody
1:19:48.719,1:19:50.000
was not a
1:19:50.000,1:19:53.950
on your facebook or something somebody[br]else's fault jobs at a party said he
1:19:53.950,1:19:57.649
wasn't there america's in trouble[br]because picture a
1:19:57.649,1:20:03.040
so the issue here is learning what part[br]social conventions should be
1:20:03.040,1:20:06.540
to deal with the fact that we have said[br]privacy invasion
1:20:06.540,1:20:08.739
uh... teja lodging available to us
1:20:08.739,1:20:10.159
on the google site
1:20:10.159,1:20:13.570
we do use the data to help figure out[br]how to target as we're very up front
1:20:13.570,1:20:14.770
about that
1:20:14.770,1:20:17.079
but we don't give the day than anybody[br]else
1:20:17.079,1:20:21.219
some people nationally our business[br]model is saldana value to somebody else
1:20:21.219,1:20:22.510
is not needed
1:20:22.510,1:20:25.929
your data is inside our system and it[br]stays there you can get all the data
1:20:25.929,1:20:27.310
back if you want to
1:20:27.310,1:20:31.900
but what is important is that we use the[br]information to deliver advertising
1:20:31.900,1:20:34.280
which is our business model and[br]everybody knows that
1:20:34.280,1:20:38.170
hoping that that information to guess[br]you will actually be of interest to you
1:20:38.170,1:20:40.510
so the purpose behind the information[br]that we're
1:20:40.510,1:20:41.699
accumulating
1:20:41.699,1:20:46.539
uh... is to deliver advertising which is[br]more over to you then than just build
1:20:46.539,1:20:47.840
blanket at
1:20:47.840,1:20:51.110
and for many people that kind of[br]advertising is actually don't you think
1:20:51.110,1:20:55.909
that like advertising it feels like[br]useful
1:20:55.909,1:20:58.000
and say
1:20:58.000,1:20:59.530
i can't hear it
1:20:59.530,1:21:03.030
hoboken given the microphone
1:21:03.030,1:21:09.269
thank you it's a good sense of those[br]data using honest i think i think it was
1:21:09.269,1:21:12.429
well let's see if i were politician i[br]would say that's a hypothetical and i
1:21:12.429,1:21:14.360
don't wanna go ahead
1:21:14.360,1:21:19.209
but it seems to me that that uh... the[br]data is so important and so uh...
1:21:19.209,1:21:23.600
resilient reviews firstly mystery[br]present
1:21:23.600,1:21:26.790
uh... that we would in one trial
1:21:26.790,1:21:30.520
if we did that i don't think company[br]would survive the trip response
1:21:30.520,1:21:32.740
so i'm doubtful certainly the current
1:21:32.740,1:21:34.850
absolutely record
1:21:34.850,1:21:36.919
okay we have time for just or more
1:21:36.919,1:21:40.739
still ahead is that none of them
1:21:40.739,1:21:42.500
uh... thanks again for the talks
1:21:42.500,1:21:46.490
juggle is always of my partner should[br]actually follows up with a couple go of
1:21:46.490,1:21:50.280
regarding uh... that the future of sort[br]of uh... Internet protocols at best but
1:21:50.280,1:21:52.249
dynamic nishant works
1:21:52.249,1:21:55.979
uh... certainly you know we have muscles[br]of mobile phones here but if the gs
1:21:55.979,1:22:00.769
ever wifi goes down the kind of useless[br]um... and certainly for places where
1:22:00.769,1:22:03.989
sat_ jeopardy and that you know[br]backbone was ticket down toward a crisis
1:22:03.989,1:22:07.399
situation where the infrastructure has[br]available the phones and most of these
1:22:07.399,1:22:11.459
devices are not programs to talk to[br]things that aren't next to so uh... i
1:22:11.459,1:22:13.239
mean yet from what they've done uh...
1:22:13.239,1:22:16.979
standpoint you know what was said to be[br]involved in giving them so i really love
1:22:16.979,1:22:17.979
the idea
1:22:17.979,1:22:22.789
but while i was still fairly visiting[br]many dancing on the s
1:22:22.789,1:22:26.590
we prepared a report on public safety[br]networking and that was exactly one of
1:22:26.590,1:22:28.050
the things we pointed out
1:22:28.050,1:22:31.230
this type of a safety net actors to use[br]ltv_
1:22:31.230,1:22:34.480
and when things are normally okay that's[br]probably all right
1:22:34.480,1:22:37.920
but at some point when you have to train[br]our you know sandy here we have some
1:22:37.920,1:22:39.170
other kind of that
1:22:39.170,1:22:40.610
man made or otherwise
1:22:40.610,1:22:44.880
infrastructure may not be there are all[br]than for example made even his air can't
1:22:44.880,1:22:48.840
get any of the gasoline or daniel or[br]what have you the diesel fuel
1:22:48.840,1:22:50.179
direct generators
1:22:50.179,1:22:54.269
i would really love the idea that our[br]devices could be linked together in a
1:22:54.269,1:22:55.679
message that were
1:22:55.679,1:22:59.150
i think that that's helped the system[br]argues that homework citizen mesh
1:22:59.150,1:23:01.530
network it's automatically some format
1:23:01.530,1:23:07.349
i'm a big fan cooperating that[br]capability into on our devices now
1:23:07.349,1:23:10.630
keep in mind that privacy suggest that[br]we should be encrypting anyway and in
1:23:10.630,1:23:12.320
order to take advantage of that
1:23:12.320,1:23:15.450
you certainly don't want to use a mesh[br]network in which everybody gets taken by
1:23:15.450,1:23:17.650
a hot dogs and mixed metaphors
1:23:17.650,1:23:18.980
when you try to get one
1:23:18.980,1:23:20.469
at the baseball game
1:23:20.469,1:23:24.400
so uh... you really want to be able to[br]use and doing capability that i would
1:23:24.400,1:23:27.100
really like the idea incorporating that
1:23:27.100,1:23:31.139
that would make for much more resilient[br]system
1:23:31.139,1:23:32.949
selling the picture
1:23:32.949,1:23:39.949
okay maybe two more than that i'm ready[br]to go who's got the money
1:23:40.830,1:23:41.909
following up on that
1:23:41.909,1:23:44.870
uh... it seems that most of our[br]programming languages ritually
1:23:44.870,1:23:48.670
antiquated their dirtier towards[br]programming a single clock misco
1:23:48.670,1:23:49.689
computer
1:23:49.689,1:23:52.899
and not on the distributed uh... not not[br]about
1:23:52.899,1:23:55.889
taking advantage of distribution and[br]that's
1:23:55.889,1:23:59.379
patents levels of complex and what do[br]you see I'd heard of a great language
1:23:59.379,1:24:03.429
today bloom coming up quickly
1:24:03.429,1:24:06.340
experimental in which a morning what[br]else and i personally a big banner
1:24:06.340,1:24:08.650
relying which is twenty years old
1:24:08.650,1:24:13.570
uh... and everybody sees between ketchup[br]relying so wbc so i don't actually see a
1:24:13.570,1:24:15.629
number of things going on first of all
1:24:15.629,1:24:19.760
we have program on what the court[br]systems
1:24:19.760,1:24:22.550
m that in itself is a challenge
1:24:22.550,1:24:26.020
uh... the clock speeds are not to keep[br]going up in the otherwise chips a little
1:24:26.020,1:24:28.230
because too much power goes into them so
1:24:28.230,1:24:32.889
uh... we have to deal with that already[br]have a google was well that other thing
1:24:32.889,1:24:34.909
is that uh...
1:24:34.909,1:24:38.520
i really like the idea doing parallel[br]processing
1:24:38.520,1:24:41.260
but look at what we've been able to do[br]in a very
1:24:41.260,1:24:45.250
on way where we split some tests out
1:24:45.250,1:24:47.499
usable parallel strains
1:24:47.499,1:24:51.500
that doesn't require any special[br]programming to do that seti at home
1:24:51.500,1:24:53.099
and the protein folding
1:24:53.099,1:24:55.820
uh... activity who simply parity of[br]simple
1:24:55.820,1:24:57.659
single processor
1:24:57.659,1:25:02.510
software insists it is being executed[br]simultaneously allied member systems
1:25:02.510,1:25:05.030
a lot of our applications at the same
1:25:05.030,1:25:09.340
we we taped testimony waited up into[br]large numbers of karo
1:25:09.340,1:25:10.690
uh... processes
1:25:10.690,1:25:15.690
that don't require simultaneously is of[br]course each corresponding in some
1:25:15.690,1:25:16.739
operation
1:25:16.739,1:25:19.539
we've been able to get away with that[br]for the kinds of applications that we
1:25:19.539,1:25:20.439
had
1:25:20.439,1:25:23.469
but when we start getting into[br]large-scale simulations now it is to be
1:25:23.469,1:25:25.760
very different because then you end up
1:25:25.760,1:25:31.889
having uh... either single instruction[br]stream running against a over i a m data
1:25:31.889,1:25:34.949
that's uh... seven s i n d
1:25:34.949,1:25:37.380
sings traffic stream oracle data stream
1:25:37.380,1:25:43.789
or what you're thinking family more[br]structures statement strings there are
1:25:43.789,1:25:45.360
languages for that
1:25:45.360,1:25:49.679
but some of them are really archaic one[br]of those called put near the grand
1:25:49.679,1:25:52.690
amelia four back in the nineteen[br]seventies
1:25:52.690,1:25:56.210
nobody can figure out how to program[br]usually hard goodyear sounds like
1:25:56.210,1:25:58.830
something that very few people couldn't[br]even speak
1:25:58.830,1:26:01.159
seven or something
1:26:01.159,1:26:02.639
thousand a day
1:26:02.639,1:26:05.460
uh... so i suspect that there is real
1:26:05.460,1:26:08.879
for serious sulfur language development
1:26:08.879,1:26:13.989
and it's a challenge for a cm its[br]members to start pushing direction
1:26:13.989,1:26:17.249
someone actually uh... hope for
1:26:17.249,1:26:20.769
that platforms that are going to become[br]available will return with force us into
1:26:20.769,1:26:23.959
thinking new kinds of programming[br]parents
1:26:23.959,1:26:27.489
some of them are result her a-level[br]languages
1:26:27.489,1:26:30.949
which highlights some of the underlying[br]simplicity complexity
1:26:30.949,1:26:32.159
of the systems
1:26:32.159,1:26:33.670
so idea
1:26:33.670,1:26:37.920
and maybe you have some ideas to pursue[br]that better but if you go and others do
1:26:37.920,1:26:41.640
it sure hope that you make a note to the[br]competency cm
1:26:41.640,1:26:42.980
so we can
1:26:42.980,1:26:45.109
one morning and we really need a break
1:26:45.109,1:26:48.629
his uh... you can follow up on some of[br]the things you mentioned about ah...
1:26:48.629,1:26:50.530
intellectual property and and
1:26:50.530,1:26:54.510
i'm curious about your views on the[br]roles of accuser of the government
1:26:54.510,1:26:57.880
releasing you know more of its own[br]essentially
1:26:57.880,1:27:02.449
uh... at peak is that there is this new[br]is yet another ticket order about uh...
1:27:02.449,1:27:04.209
that came from the white house about
1:27:04.209,1:27:07.539
releasing opened it and through the[br]economic potential molly options roundup
1:27:07.539,1:27:11.070
in data uh... hasn't been a lot of[br]activity a on that front and there's a
1:27:11.070,1:27:14.479
lot more activity on open source in[br]government as well combat but it can be
1:27:14.479,1:27:17.770
kind of nixon's uh... um... basis
1:27:17.770,1:27:21.900
uh... you know as an example i was i was[br]reading at some history uh... of arpan
1:27:21.900,1:27:23.649
and there is an example of
1:27:23.649,1:27:27.099
um... bbn which i guess was one of those[br]who've been companies involved being
1:27:27.099,1:27:28.579
hesitant release
1:27:28.579,1:27:32.550
the uh... stars could i'm behind the[br]uh... i decided to use the packet
1:27:32.550,1:27:36.809
switching computers um... and eventually[br]that you know that uh... turn around and
1:27:36.809,1:27:38.959
and stands up and
1:27:38.959,1:27:42.199
but i'm curious to know what if you're[br]the government what it would really you
1:27:42.199,1:27:45.489
know how do you find the balance between[br]whose opportunist to use it as
1:27:45.489,1:27:49.639
established in open platform that people[br]can bowl economic you know
1:27:49.639,1:27:53.590
cap on top of and abductees verses he[br]did something small you just you know
1:27:53.590,1:27:57.250
it's just a quality piece of software[br]it's less important what you see of the
1:27:57.250,1:28:01.090
sort of opportunities the bounce[br]immigration well at first of all a
1:28:01.090,1:28:05.090
little in this uh... big failure opening
1:28:05.090,1:28:10.189
uh... access to publications opening[br]sister gave reducing
1:28:10.189,1:28:15.159
it was a stiffer and ways to do that not[br]just a city cm properties
1:28:15.159,1:28:17.550
uh... also in the big thing
1:28:17.550,1:28:20.929
of trying to preserve information i[br]mentioned that earlier the digital no
1:28:20.929,1:28:23.770
ideas is that one of those
1:28:23.770,1:28:27.059
uh... i think the increasingly
1:28:27.059,1:28:31.110
we're going to find people and capable[br]of writing their own software we
1:28:31.110,1:28:34.760
wouldn't have remember when spreadsheets[br]came out way back when they're in their
1:28:34.760,1:28:36.719
yes in the early eighties
1:28:36.719,1:28:40.480
everybody became programmers of[br]spreadsheets and they had been formally
1:28:40.480,1:28:42.469
trained to write software
1:28:42.469,1:28:46.299
don't go to imagine that as we work our[br]way up into higher higher level and
1:28:46.299,1:28:49.089
which is that more and more people will[br]have the ability to either to write
1:28:49.089,1:28:50.979
their own software or share
1:28:50.979,1:28:52.090
with each other
1:28:52.090,1:28:59.090
out so if i think that unless we get[br]into this uh... dabbled
1:28:59.420,1:29:03.600
preventing people from sharing their[br]software work sharing what they their
1:29:03.600,1:29:05.590
their intellectual property
1:29:05.590,1:29:08.599
uh... we'll have a higher probability of[br]uh...
1:29:08.599,1:29:11.429
being able to take advantage of[br]everybody's
1:29:11.429,1:29:12.510
skills
1:29:12.510,1:29:15.309
via writing software that's open this[br]more likely
1:29:15.309,1:29:22.309
you source models i don't know whether[br]they disagree organic
1:29:25.619,1:29:27.319
anderson companies that
1:29:27.319,1:29:30.939
uh... that right software that are[br]largely funded by government and it's
1:29:30.939,1:29:35.689
and and the softer is not open uh...[br]over in the same is not open right so so
1:29:35.689,1:29:39.920
well i can tell you that distant cut[br]this short to the records get outta here
1:29:39.920,1:29:43.329
the government's already spoken at least[br]itself
1:29:43.329,1:29:44.530
and the white house
1:29:44.530,1:29:46.260
well sdp_ saying
1:29:46.260,1:29:48.409
the government sponsored stuff
1:29:48.409,1:29:50.469
needs to be system
1:29:50.469,1:29:53.599
well you know there are a whole bunch of[br]questions about winners of the excessive
1:29:53.599,1:29:56.380
over the world to take the get to retain[br]the data
1:29:56.380,1:29:59.469
per period of time for you start your[br]own
1:29:59.469,1:30:01.989
but commercial rights are argument
1:30:01.989,1:30:03.550
that shows up
1:30:03.550,1:30:05.570
uh... when you have government contracts
1:30:05.570,1:30:09.880
and grants and things of that kind and[br]that's a negotiated side if these
1:30:09.880,1:30:13.599
government goes the way it seems to be[br]in eight years in prison
1:30:13.599,1:30:16.959
for people who were working under[br]government grant to make available with
1:30:16.959,1:30:17.919
them
1:30:17.919,1:30:21.190
if the general public will still be an[br]argument over commercial lines
1:30:21.190,1:30:24.800
and so this is not a trivial thing to[br]respond to that certainly the trend
1:30:24.800,1:30:27.199
right now sockets and her
1:30:27.199,1:30:30.569
okay that's all the time we got a[br]ninety-two students but thank you very
1:30:30.569,1:30:30.819
much