[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:14.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}34c3 intro{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.99,0:00:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: the next talk is Marloes de Valk,\Nshe's an artist and writer from the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.74,0:00:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Netherlands and she's working with lots of\Ndifferent materials and media and at the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.29,0:00:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moment she's doing an 8-bit game, so the\Ntopic is "why do we anthropomorphize
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.49,0:00:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computers and dehumanize ourselves in the\Nprocess?" and we have a mumble, which is
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.46,0:00:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing the translation, the talk is in\NEnglish and we will translate into French
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.24,0:01:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and German.\NOkay, give a big applause for Marloes!
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.93,0:01:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.67,0:01:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Marloes: Thank you and thank you all for
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.74,0:01:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming, my name is Marloes de Valk and I'm\Ngoing to talk about anthropomorphization
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.86,0:01:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I will approach this as a survival\Nstrategy, see how it works and if it is
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.45,0:01:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effective. And when I'm speaking of big\Ndata, which is an umbrella term, my focus
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.49,0:01:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be on the socio-technical aspect of\Nthe phenomenon, the assumptions and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.94,0:01:44.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beliefs surrounding Big Data and on\Nresearch using data exhaust or found data
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.09,0:01:49.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as status updates on social media web\Nsearches and credit card payments.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.75,0:02:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh and now my slides are frozen. Oh my\Ngosh.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.46,0:02:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Audience: Have you tried turning it of and on again?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.28,0:02:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Marloes: {\i1}laughs{\i0}\NI will in a moment. gosh it's
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.88,0:02:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely frozen... I'm very sorry,\Ntechnical staff I have to exit, if I can.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.73,0:02:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't. Help! I have to get rid of\Nsomething I think, should we just kill it?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.73,0:02:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's so stupid yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.28,0:02:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they're gonna have a coffee soon and then it's gonna
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.28,0:03:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, force quit... I think I know\Nwhat the problem is. I'm sorry it's, it's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.07,0:04:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really not working. All right let's see if\Nwe're back.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.94,0:04:18.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, okay so sorry for the interruption.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.87,0:04:24.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to start by letting Silicon\NValley itself tell a story about
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.15,0:04:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology, really, sorry about the\Ninterruption. So, Silicon Valley propaganda
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.93,0:04:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during our lifetime, we're about to see\Nthe transformation of the human race, it's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.33,0:04:39.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really something that blows my mind every\Ntime I think about it. People have no idea
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.40,0:04:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how fast the world is changing and I want\Nto give you a sense of that because it
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.80,0:04:47.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fills me with awe and with an\Nextraordinary sense of responsibility. I
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.65,0:04:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to give you a sense of why now is\Ndifferent why this decade the next decade
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.12,0:04:56.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not interesting times\Nbut THE most extraordinary times ever in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.37,0:05:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human history and they truly are. What\Nwe're talking about here is the notion
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.52,0:05:04.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that faster cheaper computing power which\Nis almost like a force of nature, is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.67,0:05:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,driving a whole slew of technologies,\Ntechnology being the force that takes what
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.35,0:05:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used to be scarce and make it abundant.\NThat is why we're heading towards this
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.09,0:05:19.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extraordinary age of abundance. The future\Nwill not take care of itself as we know
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.63,0:05:23.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world looks to America for progress\Nand America looks to California and if you
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.59,0:05:28.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ask most Californians where they get their\Nprogress they'll point towards the bay,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.07,0:05:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but here at the bay there is no place left\Nto point, so we have to create solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.21,0:05:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my goal is to simplify complexity,\Ntake Internet technology and cross it with
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.84,0:05:43.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an old industry and magic and progress and\Nbig things can happen. I really think
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.02,0:05:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are two fundamental paths for\Nhumans, one path is we stay on earth
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.99,0:05:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forever, or some eventual extinction event\Nwipes us out, I don't have a doomsday
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.65,0:05:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prophecy but history suggests some\Ndoomsday event will happen. The
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.01,0:06:00.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alternative is becoming a spacefaring and\Nmultiplanetary species and it will be like
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.93,0:06:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really fun to go, you'll have a great\Ntime. We will set on Mars and we should,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.67,0:06:10.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's cool. When it comes to space\NI see it as my job to build infrastructure
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.63,0:06:14.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hard way. I'm using my resources to\Nput in that infrastructure so that the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.48,0:06:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,next generation of people can have a\Ndynamic entrepreneurial solar system as
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.15,0:06:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting as we see on the internet\Ntoday. We want the population to keep
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.00,0:06:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growing on this planet, we want to keep\Nyou using more energy per capita. Death
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.43,0:06:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes me very angry, probably the most\Nextreme form of inequality is between
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.89,0:06:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who are alive and people who are\Ndead. I have the idea that aging is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.18,0:06:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic, that it's encoded and if\Nsomething is encoded you can crack the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.05,0:06:46.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,code if you can crack the code you can\Nhack the code and thermodynamically there
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.39,0:06:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should be no reason we can't defer entropy\Nindefinitely. We can end aging forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.47,0:06:54.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not about\NSilicon Valley billionaires
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.51,0:06:57.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,living forever off the blood of young\Npeople.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.20,0:07:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about a Star Trek future where no one\Ndies of preventable diseases where life is
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.02,0:07:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fair. Health technology is becoming an\Ninformation technology, where we can read
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.77,0:07:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and edit our own genomes clearly it is\Npossible through technology to make death
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.54,0:07:16.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,optional. Yes, our bodies are information\Nprocessing systems. We can enable human
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.88,0:07:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,transformations that would rival Marvel\NComics super muscularity ultra endurance,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.35,0:07:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,super radiation resistance, you could have\Npeople living on the moons of Jupiter,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.88,0:07:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who'd be modified in this way and they\Ncould physically harvest energy from the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.26,0:07:35.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gamma rays they were exposed to. Form a\Nculture connected with the ideology of the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.20,0:07:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,future, promoting technical progress\Nartificial intellects, multi-body
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.08,0:07:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immortality and cyborgization. We are at\Nthe beginning of the beginning the first
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.42,0:07:49.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hour of day one, there have never been\Nmore opportunities the greatest products
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.25,0:07:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the next 25 years have not been\Ninvented yet. You are not too late.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.83,0:07:59.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to take over the world, one\Nrobot at a time. It's gonna be an AI that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.70,0:08:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is able to source create solve an answer\Njust what is your desire. I mean this is
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.74,0:08:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an almost godlike view of the future. AI\Nis gonna be magic. Especially in the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.38,0:08:14.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,digital manufacturing world, what is going\Nto be created will effectively be a god,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.31,0:08:17.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea needs to spread before the\Ntechnology, the church is how we spread
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.81,0:08:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the word, the gospel. If you believe in\Nit, start a conversation with someone else
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.69,0:08:26.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and help them understand the same things.\NComputers are going to take over from
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.28,0:08:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,humans, no question, but when I got that\Nthinking in my head about if I'm going to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.94,0:08:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be treated in the future as a pet to these\Nsmart machines, well I'm gonna treat my
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.60,0:08:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own pet dog really nice, but in the end we\Nmay just have created the species that is
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.07,0:08:42.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,above us. Chaining it isn't gonna be the\Nsolution as it will be stronger than any
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.69,0:08:48.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change could put on. the existential risk\Nthat is associated with AI we will not be
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.15,0:08:51.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,able to beat\NAI, so then as the saying goes if you
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.18,0:08:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can't beat them, join them.\NHistory has shown us we aren't gonna win
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.88,0:08:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this war by changing human behavior but\Nmaybe we can build systems that are so
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.88,0:09:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,locked down, that humans lose the ability\Nto make dumb mistakes until we gain the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.15,0:09:08.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ability to upgrade the human brain, it's\Nthe only way. Let's stop pretending we can
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.19,0:09:11.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hold back the development of intelligence\Nwhen there are clear massive short-term
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.93,0:09:16.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,economic benefits to those who develop it\Nand instead understand the future and have
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.07,0:09:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it treat us like a beloved elder who\Ncreated it. As a company, one of our
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.61,0:09:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,greatest cultural strengths is accepting\Nthe fact that if you're gonna invent,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.12,0:09:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're gonna disrupt. Progress is\Nhappening because there is economic
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.02,0:09:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advantage to having machines work for you\Nand solve problems for you. People are
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.63,0:09:38.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chasing that. AI, the term has become more\Nof a broad, almost marketing driven term
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.93,0:09:42.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm probably okay with that. What\Nmatters is what people think of when they
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.44,0:09:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hear of this. We are in a deadly race\Nbetween politics and technology, the fate
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.34,0:09:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our world may depend on the effort of a\Nsingle person who builds or propagates the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.42,0:09:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machinery of freedom, that makes the world\Nsafe for capitalism.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.75,0:10:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These were all quotes. Every single one.\Nnot only Silicon Valley CEO speak of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.47,0:10:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technology in mysterious ways, let's see\Nsome examples from the media.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.89,0:10:12.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our official intelligence regulation,\N"lets not regulate mathematics" a headline
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.08,0:10:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from import dot IO from May 2016 about the\NEuropean general data protection
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.78,0:10:22.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regulation and the article concludes\Nautonomous cars should be regulated as
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.32,0:10:26.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cars, they should safely deliver users to\Ntheir destinations in the real world and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.13,0:10:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overall reduce the number of accidents.\NHow they achieve this is irrelevant. With
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.32,0:10:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enough data the numbers speak for\Nthemselves which comes from the super
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.30,0:10:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,famous article "The end of theory" from\NChris Anderson in Wired magazine 2008.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.24,0:10:45.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Google creates an AI that can teach\Nitself to be better than humans" headline
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.31,0:10:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from "The Independent. The\Narticle continues the company's AI
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.55,0:10:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,division deepmind has unveiled "alpha go\Nzero" an extremely advanced system that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.64,0:10:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,managed to accumulate thousands of years\Nof human knowledge within days. Microsoft
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.16,0:11:02.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apologizing for their teen chat Bot gone\NNazi stating it wasn't their fault. "We're
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.85,0:11:06.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deeply sorry for the unintended and\Nhurtful tweets from Tay which do not
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.20,0:11:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,represent who we are or what we stand for\Nnor how we design Tay" and then the PC
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.70,0:11:18.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world article "AI just 3d printed a brand\Nnew Rembrandt and it's shockingly good",
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.83,0:11:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the subtitle reads\N"the next Rembrandt project used data and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.55,0:11:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deep learning to produce uncanny results".\NAdvertising firm J walter thompson
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.86,0:11:32.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unveiled a 3d printed painting called "the\Nnext Rembrandt" based on 346 paintings of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.05,0:11:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the old master, not just PC world, but\Nmany more articles touted similar titles
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.10,0:11:41.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,presenting the painting to the public, as\Nif it were made by a computer, a 3d
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.21,0:11:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,printer, AI and deep learning. It is clear\Nthough, that the computer programmers who
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.18,0:11:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,worked on the project are not computers\Nand neither are the people who tagged the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.76,0:11:53.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,346 Rembrandt paintings by hand. The\Npainting was made by a team of programmers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.51,0:11:58.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and researchers and it took them 18 months\Nto do. So what is communicated through
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.59,0:12:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these messages is that the computer did\Nit, yet there is no strong AI, as in
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.13,0:12:07.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consciousness in machines at this moment,\Nonly very clever automation, meaning it
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.03,0:12:11.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was really us. We comprehend the role and\Nfunction of non-human actors rationally,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.57,0:12:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but still intuitively approach them\Ndifferently. We anthropomorphize and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.68,0:12:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stories about the intelligent things\Nmachines can do and force the belief in
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.16,0:12:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the human-like agency of machines, so why\Ndo we do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.62,0:12:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like to think of this as two survival
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.02,0:12:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strategies that found each other in big\Ndata and AI discourse. George Zarkadakis
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.68,0:12:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the book "in our own image" describes\Nthe root of anthropomorphization, during
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.21,0:12:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the evolution of the modern mind humans\Nacquired and developed general-purpose
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.61,0:12:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,language, through social language and this\Nfirst social language was a way of
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.26,0:12:48.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grooming of creating social cohesion.\NWe gained theory of mind to believe that
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.100,0:12:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other people have thoughts, desires,\Nintentions and feelings of their own -
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.96,0:12:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Empathy. And this led to the describing of\Nthe world in social terms, perceiving
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.58,0:13:01.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything around us as agents possessing\Nmind, including the nonhuman, when hunting
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.26,0:13:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anthropomorphizing animals had a great\Nadvantage because you could strategize,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.60,0:13:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predict their movements. They show through\Nmultiple experiment- Oh, Reeves and Nass
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.19,0:13:16.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were picking up on this\Nanthropomorphization and they show through
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.04,0:13:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multiple experiments that we haven't\Nchanged that much, through multiple
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.22,0:13:24.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experiments they show how people treat\Ncomputers, television and new media like
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.31,0:13:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,real people in places even though it test\Nsubjects were completely unaware of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.25,0:13:33.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they responded to computers as they would\Nto people being polite cooperative,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.19,0:13:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attributing personality characteristics\Nsuch as aggressiveness, humor, expertise
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.01,0:13:41.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even gender. Meaning we haven't\Nevolved that much, we still do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.34,0:13:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Microsoft unfortunately misinterpreted\Ntheir research and developed the innocent
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.80,0:13:49.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet much hated Clippy the paper clip,\Nappearing one year later in office 97.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.59,0:13:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This survival strategy found its way into\Nanother one. The Oracle. Survival through
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.92,0:13:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predicting events.\NThe second strategy is trying to predict
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.48,0:14:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future, to steer events in our favor,\Nin order to avoid disaster. The fear of
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.05,0:14:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,death has inspired us throughout the ages\Nto try and predict the future and it has
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.99,0:14:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led us to consult Oracles and to creating\Na new one.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.48,0:14:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we cannot predict the future in\Nthe midst of lives many insecurities, we
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.68,0:14:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,desperately crave the feeling of being in\Ncontrol over our destiny, we have
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.00,0:14:23.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,developed ways to calm our anxiety, to\Ncomfort ourselves and what we do is we
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.27,0:14:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,obfuscate that human hand in a generation\Nof messages that require an objective or
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.42,0:14:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,authority feel, although disputed is\Ncommonly believed that the Delphic Oracle
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.66,0:14:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,delivered messages from her god Apollo in\Na state of trance induced by intoxicating
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.08,0:14:40.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vapors arising from the chasm over which\Nshe was seated, possesed by her God the
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.95,0:14:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oracle spoke ecstatically and\Nspontaneously. Priests of the temple then
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.21,0:14:50.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,translated her gibberish into the\Nprophesies, the seekers of advice were
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.36,0:14:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sent home with. And Apollo had spoken.\NNowadays we turn to data for advice. The
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.22,0:15:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oracle of Big Data functions in a similar\Nway to the Oracle of Delphi. Algorithms
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.12,0:15:04.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,programmed by humans are fed data and\Nconsequently spit out numbers that are
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.75,0:15:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then translated and interpreted by\Nresearchers into the prophecies the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.95,0:15:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seekers of advice are sent home with. The\Nbigger data the set, the more accurate the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.23,0:15:16.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,results. Data has spoken.\NWe are brought closer to the truth, to
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.29,0:15:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reality as it is, unmediated by us,\Nsubjective biased and error-prone humans.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.06,0:15:26.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This Oracle inspires great hope. It's a\Nutopia and this is best putting words in
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.53,0:15:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the article "The end of theory" by\NAnderson where he states that with enough
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.60,0:15:34.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,data the numbers can speak for themselves.\NWe can forget about taxonomy, ontology,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.86,0:15:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,psychology, who knows why people do what\Nthey do. The point is they do it and we
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.46,0:15:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can track and measure it with\Nunprecedented fidelity, with enough data
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.23,0:15:48.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the numbers speak for themselves. This\NOracle is of course embraced with great
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.15,0:15:52.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enthusiasm by database and storage\Nbusinesses as shown here in an Oracle
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.65,0:15:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,presentation slide. High Five! And getting\Nit right one out of ten times and using
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.66,0:16:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one success story to strengthen the\Nbelief in big data superpowers happens a
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.73,0:16:06.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lot in the media, a peculiar example is\Nthe story on Motherboard about how
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.89,0:16:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Cambridge Analytica" helped Trump win the\Nelections by psychologically profiling the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.58,0:16:14.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entire American population and using\Ntargeted Facebook ads to influence the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.81,0:16:20.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,results of the election. This story evokes\Nthe idea that they know more about you
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.21,0:16:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than your own mother. The article reads\N"more likes could even surpass what a
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.79,0:16:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,person thought they knew about themselves"\Nand although this form of manipulation is
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.02,0:16:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seriously scary in very undemocratic as\NCathy O'Neil author of "weapons
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.16,0:16:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of mass mass destruction" notes, "don't\Nbelieve the hype".
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.88,0:16:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't just Trump everyone was doing it\NHillary was using the groundwork, a
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.46,0:16:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,startup funded by Google's Eric Schmidt,\NObama used groundwork too, but the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.38,0:16:53.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groundwork somehow comes across a lot more\Ncute compared to Cambridge analytica,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.09,0:16:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,funded by billionaire Robert Mercer who\Nalso is heavily invested in all-tried
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.28,0:17:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,media outlet Breitbart, who describes\Nitself as a killing machine waging the war
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.76,0:17:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the West, he also donated Cambridge\Nanalytica service to the brexit campaign.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.87,0:17:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Motherboard article and many others\Ndescribing the incredibly detailed
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.95,0:17:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowledge Cambridge Analytica has on\NAmerican citizens were amazing advertising
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.02,0:17:17.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the company, but most of all a warning\Nsign that applying big data research to
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.66,0:17:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,elections creates a very undemocratic\NAsymmetry and available information and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.54,0:17:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,undermines the notion of an informed\Ncitizenry. Dana Boyd and Kate Crawford
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.56,0:17:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,described the beliefs attached to big data\Nas a mythology "the widespread believe
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.31,0:17:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that large datasets offer a higher form of\Nintelligence and knowledge that can
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.88,0:17:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generate insights, that were previously\Nimpossible with the aura of truth
Dialogue: 0,0:17:39.12,0:17:43.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,objectivity and accuracy".\NThe deconstruction of this myth was
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.61,0:17:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attempted as early as 1984 in a\Nspreadsheet way of knowledge, Steven Levi
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.08,0:17:51.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,describes how the authority of look of a\Nspreadsheet and the fact that it was done
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.93,0:17:55.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a computer has a strong persuasive\Neffect on people, leading to the
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.33,0:18:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acceptance of the proposed model of\Nreality as gospel. He says fortunately few
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.99,0:18:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would argue that all relations between\Npeople can be quantified and manipulated
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.39,0:18:09.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by formulas of human behavior, no\Nfaultless assumptions and so no perfect
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.56,0:18:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,model can be made. Tim Harford also refers\Nto faith when he describes four
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.68,0:18:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assumptions underlying Big Data research,\Nthe first uncanny accuracy is easy to
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.98,0:18:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overrate, if we simply ignore false\Npositives, oh sorry, the claim that
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.30,0:18:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causation has been knocked off its\Npedestal is fine if we are making
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.32,0:18:31.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predictions in the stable environment,\Nbut not if the world is changing. If you
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.54,0:18:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do not understand why things correlate,\Nyou cannot know what might breakdown this
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.00,0:18:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,correlation either.\NThe promise that sampling bias does not
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.62,0:18:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,matter in such large data sets is simply\Nnot true, there is lots of bias in data
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.32,0:18:47.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sets, as for the idea of why with enough\Ndata, the numbers speak for themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.95,0:18:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that seems hopelessly naive, in data sets\Nwhere spurious patterns vastly outnumber
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.72,0:18:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,genuine discoveries. This last point is\Ndescribed by Nicholas Taleb who writes
Dialogue: 0,0:18:58.30,0:19:02.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that big data research has brought cherry-\Npicking to an industrial level. Liam Weber
Dialogue: 0,0:19:02.70,0:19:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a 2007 paper demonstrated that data\Nmining techniques could show a strong, but
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.14,0:19:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spurious relationship between the changes\Nin the S&P 500 stock index and butter
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.55,0:19:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,production in Bangladesh. What is strange\Nabout this mythology, that large data sets
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.74,0:19:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offer some higher form of intelligences,\Nis that is paradoxical it attributes human
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.42,0:19:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,qualities to something, while at the same\Ntime considering it to be more objective
Dialogue: 0,0:19:26.73,0:19:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more accurate than humans, but these\Nbeliefs can exist side by side. Consulting
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.07,0:19:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this Oracle and critically has quite far-\Nreaching implications.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:36.26,0:19:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For one it dehumanizes humans by asserting\Nthat human involvement through hypothesis
Dialogue: 0,0:19:40.49,0:19:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and interpretation is unreliable and only\Nby removing ourselves from the equation,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.95,0:19:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can we finally see the world as it is.\NThe practical consequence of this dynamic
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.10,0:19:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it is no longer possible to argue\Nwith the outcome of big data analysis
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.45,0:19:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because first of all it's supposedly bias\Nfree, interpretation free, you can't
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.77,0:20:04.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,question it, you cannot check if it is\Nbias free because the algorithms governing
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.21,0:20:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the analysis are often completely opaque.\NThis becomes painful when you find
Dialogue: 0,0:20:09.16,0:20:13.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yourself in the wrong category of a social\Nsorting algorithm guiding real-world
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.16,0:20:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decisions on insurance, mortgage, work\Nborder check, scholarships and so on.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:18.28,0:20:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exclusion from certain privileges is only\Nthe most optimistic scenario, so it is not
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.92,0:20:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as effective as we might hope. It has a\Ndehumanizing dark side
Dialogue: 0,0:20:28.18,0:20:30.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so why do we\Nbelieve. How did we come so infatuated
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.91,0:20:35.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with information. Our idea about\Ninformation changed radically in the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.20,0:20:39.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,previous century from small statement of\Nfact, to the essence of man's inner life
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.83,0:20:43.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this shift started with the advent of\Ncybernetics and information theory in the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:43.87,0:20:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,40s and 50s where information was suddenly\Nseen as a means to control a system, any
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.20,0:20:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system be it mechanical physical,\Nbiological, cognitive or social. Here you
Dialogue: 0,0:20:53.43,0:20:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see Norbert Wiener's moths a machine he\Nbuilt as part of a public relations stunt
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.41,0:21:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,financed by Life magazine. The photos with\Nhim and his moth were unfortunately never
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.37,0:21:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,published, because according to Life's\Neditors, it didn't illustrate the human
Dialogue: 0,0:21:07.47,0:21:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,characteristics of computers very well.\NNorbert Wiener in the human hues of human
Dialogue: 0,0:21:12.54,0:21:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beings wrote,\N"to live effectively is to live with
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.09,0:21:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adequate information, thus communication\Nand control belong to the essence of man's
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.34,0:21:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inner life, even as they belong to his\Nlife in society" and almost
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.54,0:21:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simultaneously, Shannon published a\Nmathematical theory of communication a
Dialogue: 0,0:21:27.57,0:21:31.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,theory of signals transmitted over\Ndistance. John Durham Peters in speaking
Dialogue: 0,0:21:31.72,0:21:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the air, describes how over time this\Ninformation theory got reinterpreted by
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.39,0:21:41.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social scientists who mistook signal for\Nsignificance.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.04,0:21:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or at Halpern in beautiful data describes\Nhow Alan Turing and Bertrand Russell had
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.30,0:21:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proved conclusively in struggling with the\NEntscheidungsproblem that many analytic
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.66,0:21:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,functions could not be logically\Nrepresented or mechanically executed and
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.09,0:21:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,therefore machines were not human minds.\NShe asks the very important question of
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.47,0:22:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why we have forgotten this history and do\Nwe still regularly equate reason with
Dialogue: 0,0:22:03.32,0:22:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rationality. Having forgotten this ten\Nyears later in '58, artificial
Dialogue: 0,0:22:08.03,0:22:11.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intelligence research began comparing\Ncomputers and humans. Simon and Newell
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.93,0:22:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrote: the programmed computer and human\Nproblem solver are both species belonging
Dialogue: 0,0:22:15.74,0:22:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the genus 'information processing\Nsystem'.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:19.22,0:22:23.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 80s, information was granted an\Neven more powerful status: that of
Dialogue: 0,0:22:23.39,0:22:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commodity. Like it or not, information has\Nfinally surpassed material goods as our
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.67,0:22:41.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basic resource. Bon appetit! How did we\Nbecome so infatuated with information?
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.01,0:22:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hey sorry {\i1}sighs{\i0} yeah, this is an image\Nof a medieval drawing where the humors,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:50.89,0:22:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the liquids in the body were seen as the\Nthe essence of our intelligence in the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.01,0:23:02.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,functioning of our system. A metaphor for\Nour intelligence by the 1500s automata
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.61,0:23:06.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,powered by Springs and gears had been\Ndevised, inspiring leading thinkers such
Dialogue: 0,0:23:06.19,0:23:11.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Rene Descartes to assert that humans\Nare complex machines. The mind or soul was
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.67,0:23:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immaterial, completely separated from the\Nbody - only able to interact with the body
Dialogue: 0,0:23:15.19,0:23:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the pineal gland, which he\Nconsidered the seat of the soul.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.91,0:23:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we still do it, the brain is commonly\Ncompared to a computer with the role of
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.76,0:23:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physical hardware played by the brain, and\Nour thoughts serving a software. The brain
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.81,0:23:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is information processor. It is a metaphor\Nthat is sometimes mistaken for reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.77,0:23:36.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because of this the belief in the Oracle\Nof big data is not such a great leap.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:36.15,0:23:39.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Information is the essence of\Nconsciousness in this view. We've come
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.44,0:23:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full circle, we see machines as human like\Nand view ourselves as machines. So does it
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.17,0:23:48.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,work, we started out with two survival\Nstrategies predicting the behavior of
Dialogue: 0,0:23:48.31,0:23:52.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,others through anthropomorphizing and\Ntrying to predict the future through
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.09,0:23:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oracles. The first has helped us survive\Nin the past, allows us to be empathic
Dialogue: 0,0:23:55.71,0:24:00.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards others - human and non-human. The\Nsecond has comforted us throughout the
Dialogue: 0,0:24:00.44,0:24:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ages, creating the idea of control of\Nbeing able to predict and prevent
Dialogue: 0,0:24:03.77,0:24:07.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disaster. So how are they working for us\Ntoday?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:07.81,0:24:11.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We definitely have reasons to be concerned\Nwith the sword of Damocles hanging over
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.81,0:24:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our heads: global warming setting in\Nmotion a chain of catastrophes threatening
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.26,0:24:20.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our survival, facing the inevitable death\Nof capitalism's myth of eternal growth as
Dialogue: 0,0:24:20.91,0:24:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earth's research has run out we are in a\Nbit of a pickle. Seeing our consciousness
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.97,0:24:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as separate from our bodies, like software\Nand hardware. That offers some comforting
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.21,0:24:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,options.\NOne option is that since human
Dialogue: 0,0:24:34.19,0:24:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consciousness is so similar to computer\Nsoftware, it can be transferred to a
Dialogue: 0,0:24:37.82,0:24:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computer. Ray Kurzweil for example\Nbelieves that it will soon be possible to
Dialogue: 0,0:24:42.94,0:24:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,download human minds to a computer, with\Nimmortality as a result. "Alliance to
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.16,0:24:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rescue Civilization" by Burrows and\NShapiro is a project that aims to back up
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.28,0:24:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human civilization in a lunar facility.\NThe project artificially separates the
Dialogue: 0,0:24:56.11,0:25:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hardware of the planet with its oceans and\Nsoils, and a data of human civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.00,0:25:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And last but not least, the most explicit\Nand radical separation as well as the
Dialogue: 0,0:25:04.29,0:25:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,least optimistic outlook on our future,\NElon Musk's SpaceX planned to colonize
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.61,0:25:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mars, presented in September last year.\NThe goal of the presentation being to make
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.01,0:25:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,living on Mars seemed possible within our\Nlifetime. Possible - and fun.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:18.47,0:25:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A less extreme version of these attempts\Nto escape doom is what, that with so much
Dialogue: 0,0:25:22.46,0:25:26.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,data at our fingertips and clever\Nscientists, will figure out a way to solve
Dialogue: 0,0:25:26.41,0:25:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our problems. Soon we'll laugh at our\Npanic over global warming safely aboard
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.42,0:25:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our CO2 vacuum cleaners. With this belief\Nwe don't have to change our lives, our
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.79,0:25:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,economies, our politics. We can carry on\Nwithout making radical changes. Is this
Dialogue: 0,0:25:40.36,0:25:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apathy warranted? What is happening while\Nwe are filling up the world's hard disks?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:46.24,0:25:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, information is never disembodied, it\Nalways needs a carrier and the minerals
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.01,0:25:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used in the technology hosting our data\Ncome from conflict zones, resulting in
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.02,0:25:58.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slavery and ecocide. As for instance in\Nthe coltan and cassiterite mines in Congo,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:58.55,0:26:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gold mines in Ghana. Minerals used in\Ntechnology hosting our data come from
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.68,0:26:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unregulated zones leading to extreme\Npollution, as here in the black sludge
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.40,0:26:15.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lake in Baotou in China. EU waste is\Nexported to unregulated zones, and server
Dialogue: 0,0:26:15.85,0:26:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,farms spit out an equal amount of CO2 as\Nthe global aviation industry. Our data
Dialogue: 0,0:26:20.07,0:26:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cannot be separated from the physical, and\Nits physical side is not so pretty.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.86,0:26:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what is happening is that the earth is\Ngetting warmer and climate research is not
Dialogue: 0,0:26:27.79,0:26:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on Twitter feeds, but our\Nmeasurements yet somehow largely has been
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.04,0:26:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ignored for decades. Scientific consensus\Nwas reached in the 80s, and if you compare
Dialogue: 0,0:26:36.54,0:26:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dangerously slow response to this, to\Nthe response given to the threat of
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.07,0:26:44.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terrorism which has rapidly led to new\Nlaws, even new presidents, this shows how
Dialogue: 0,0:26:44.79,0:26:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stories, metaphors, and mythologies in the\Nworld of social beings have more impact
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.80,0:26:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than scientific facts. And how threats\Nthat require drastic changes to the status
Dialogue: 0,0:26:52.74,0:26:59.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quo are willfully ignored.\NSo does this survival strategy work? This
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.73,0:27:02.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mythology, this belief in taking ourselves\Nout of the equation, to bring us closer to
Dialogue: 0,0:27:02.99,0:27:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth, to reality as it is, separating\Nourselves from that which we observe,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:07.26,0:27:12.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blinds us to the trouble we are in. And\Nour true nature and embodied intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.59,0:27:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not a brain in a jar, an organism\Ncompletely intertwined with its
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.62,0:27:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,environment, its existence completely\Ndependent on the survival of the organisms
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.24,0:27:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it shares this planet with, we can't help\Nto anthropomorphize, to approach
Dialogue: 0,0:27:25.68,0:27:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything around us as part of our social\Nsphere with minds and agencies. And that
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.39,0:27:35.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is fine, it makes us human. It allows us\Nto study the world around us with empathy.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.32,0:27:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most important thing is that the\Nmetaphor is not mistaken for reality. The
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.09,0:27:45.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computer creating, thinking, memorizing,\Nwriting, reading, learning, understanding,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.01,0:27:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people being hard-wired, stuck in a\Nloop, unable to compute, interfacing with,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:50.17,0:27:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and reprogramming ourselves - those\Nmetaphors are so embedded in our culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.71,0:27:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can only hope to create awareness\Nabout them. If there is more awareness
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.16,0:28:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the misleading descriptions of\Nmachines as human-like and humans as
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.48,0:28:06.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machine-like and all of reality as an\Ninformation process, it is more likely
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.82,0:28:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there will be less blind enchantment\Nwith certain technology, and more
Dialogue: 0,0:28:10.14,0:28:14.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,questions asked about its\Npurpose and demands.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:14.25,0:28:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no strong AI... yet, only very\Nclever automation. At this moment in
Dialogue: 0,0:28:18.98,0:28:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,history machines are proxies for human\Nagendas and ideologies. There are many
Dialogue: 0,0:28:23.42,0:28:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,issues that need addressing. As Kate\NCrawford and Meredith Whittaker point out
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.68,0:28:37.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the AI Now report, recent examples of\NAI deployments such as during the US
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.37,0:28:41.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,elections and Brexit, or Facebook\Nrevealing teenagers emotional states to
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.19,0:28:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advertisers looking to target depressed\Nteens, show how the interests of those
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.54,0:28:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deploying advanced data systems can\Novershadow the public interest, acting in
Dialogue: 0,0:28:49.04,0:28:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ways contrary to individual autonomy and\Ncollective welfare, often without this
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.08,0:28:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being visible at all to those affected.\NThe report points to many - I highly
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.63,0:29:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recommend reading it - and here are a few\Nconcerns. Concerns about social safety
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.77,0:29:08.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nets and human resource distributions when\Nthe dynamic of labor and employment
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.29,0:29:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change. Workers most likely to be affected\Nare women and minorities. Automated
Dialogue: 0,0:29:12.69,0:29:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decision-making systems are often unseen\Nand there are few established means to
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.90,0:29:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assess their fairness, to contest and\Nrectify wrong or harmful decisions or
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.46,0:29:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,impacts.\NThose directly impacted.... Sorry,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:29.59,0:29:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automated... No, sorry.... I'm lost...\NThose directly impacted by deployment of
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.57,0:29:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AI systems rarely have a role in designing\Nthem. {\i1}sighs{\i0} And to assess their
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.91,0:29:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fairness, to confess and rectify wrong and\Nharmful decisions or impacts, lacks....
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.07,0:29:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lack of methods measuring and assessing\Nsocial and economic impacts... nah, let's
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.96,0:30:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keep scrolling back.... In any case, there\Nis a great chance of like me bias because
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.24,0:30:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the uniform... uniformity of those\Ndeveloping these systems. Seeing the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.30,0:30:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oracle we've constructed for what it is\Nmeans to stop comforting, comforting
Dialogue: 0,0:30:20.89,0:30:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ourselves, to ask questions. A quote from\Nsuper intelligence, the idea that it's
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.27,0:30:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smart people by (?)Muchaichai(?) (?)Clowsky(?),\Nthe pressing ethical questions in machine
Dialogue: 0,0:30:29.80,0:30:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learning are not about machines becoming\Nself-aware and taking over the world, but
Dialogue: 0,0:30:33.43,0:30:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how people can exploit other people.\NOr through careless, in carelessness
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.91,0:30:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,introduce immoral behavior into automated\Nsystems. Instead of waiting for the nerd
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.07,0:30:46.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rapture, or for Elon Musk to whisk us off\Nthe planet, it is important to come to
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.86,0:30:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terms with a more modest perception of\Nourselves and our machines. Facing the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:50.75,0:30:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ethical repercussions of the systems we\Nare putting in place. Having the real
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.59,0:31:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discussion, not the one we hope for, but\Nthe hard one that requires actual change
Dialogue: 0,0:31:02.32,0:31:06.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a new mythology. One that works, not\Nonly for us, but for all those human and
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.54,0:31:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non-human, we share the planet with.\NThank you. That's it.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:11.80,0:31:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:31:24.17,0:31:30.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald Angel: Thank you, Marloes. Is there\Nany questions? Like, you would have one
Dialogue: 0,0:31:30.21,0:31:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,minute. {\i1}laugs{\i0} Okay. So, thank you\Nagain. Give her a big applause again,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.69,0:31:39.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:39.47,0:31:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.98,0:31:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}34c3 outro{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.96,0:32:04.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subtitles created by c3subtitles.de\Nin the year 2018. Join, and help us!