[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.40,0:00:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,preroll music
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.32,0:00:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: And now, a warm welcome\Nfor Vera Tollmann.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.39,0:00:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She is from the research center\Nfor proxy politics.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.94,0:00:18.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those ones from Berlin,\Nas far as I know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.10,0:00:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is still a very exciting exhibition
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.93,0:00:23.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Museum of Photography.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.45,0:00:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a warm welcome for Vera Tollmann.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.36,0:00:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Vera) Thanks.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.39,0:00:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.74,0:00:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much for inviting me.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.03,0:00:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, it's just me.\NBoaz Levin, my colleague,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.78,0:00:43.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is also the co-author of this text\Nthat I'm going to present today,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.91,0:00:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,didn't make it in the end.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.74,0:00:52.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was also very kind of last minute\Ninvitation, that we received a week ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.63,0:00:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am going to present a text,\Nwhich is entitled:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.78,0:01:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“The Body of the Web” or\N“Proud to relay flesh”
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.97,0:01:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a text where we want to\Ninstall the proxy as a figure of thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.80,0:01:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And continue an argument,\Nthat Hito Steyerl, the artist,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.20,0:01:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,started in her text\N“Proxy Politics: Signal and Noise”
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.92,0:01:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you can find online.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.64,0:01:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this co-authored text\Nwe are going to pick up
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.61,0:01:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her trope of the proxy and test it in\Nrelation to different cases of protest.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.56,0:01:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, from our understanding the\Nnotion of proxy politics can be understood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.60,0:01:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as both a symptom of crisis in current\Nrepresentational political structures
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.32,0:01:44.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as a counter strategy aiming to\Ncritically engage and challenge
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.10,0:01:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the existing mechanisms of\Nsecurity and control,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.97,0:01:51.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which leads to a series of questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.15,0:01:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What forms of resistance might fit this vague\Ntechnopolitical economic condition?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.04,0:01:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mass protesters become image makers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.72,0:02:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do resistance movements\Nneed to employ PR consultants?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.15,0:02:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does one protest\Nin public space,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.76,0:02:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there is no public space left?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.25,0:02:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in what way does this
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.79,0:02:18.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virtuality and duplicity challenge\Nboth public space and human bodies?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.86,0:02:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually the latter is\Nthe most important
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.90,0:02:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we are trying to answer\Nor follow through with this text.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.56,0:02:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you hear me well?\NYeah? Good!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.43,0:02:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ah, there’s … yes?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.18,0:02:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No … okay …\NI just thought there is a comment.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.96,0:02:40.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since July 2015,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.69,0:02:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protesting in public space in Spain\Nhas become an expensive affair.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.01,0:02:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know, if you remember from media\Nreports in July, there was a huge protest
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.06,0:02:57.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they used the hologram as a medium.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.91,0:03:01.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So protesters are now threatened\Nby hefty fines
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.35,0:03:02.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and authoritarian reaction to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.100,0:03:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the anti-austerity protests\Nthree years earlier.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.43,0:03:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The citizen safety law,\Notherwise known as the gag law,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.26,0:03:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,criminalises protests,\Nthat interfere with public infrastructure.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.16,0:03:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Under the new law which was passed by the\Ngoverning People’s Party in December 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.76,0:03:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protesters are liable\Nto fines up to 600.000 EUR,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.98,0:03:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for marching in front of congress,\Nblocking road, or occupying a square.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.92,0:03:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The law, criticised as a severe attack\Non Spaniards’ right of assembly and speech,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.79,0:03:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the most recent attempt by the government\Nto curb a wave of popular protests,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.15,0:03:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has swept the country since 2011.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.84,0:03:56.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the unemployment rate exceeding 25%\Nand one half of Spaniards under 25 jobless,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.94,0:04:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hundreds of thousands of\Noutraged citizens took the streets,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.56,0:04:05.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occupying squares and universities.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.32,0:04:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In response to a discredited political class,\Ntarnished by years of political scandal
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.01,0:04:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and corruption, the Indigñados,\NSpanish for “The outraged”,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.08,0:04:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sought to mobilise citizens in a series of\Ngrassroots demonstrations across the city
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.53,0:04:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by reclaiming their right to public space.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.23,0:04:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another flashback to 2011,\Nwhere protests using
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.66,0:04:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar occupation strategies\Nwere taking place across the world:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.36,0:04:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Tunesia, Egypt, Greece, Israel,\Nand the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.76,0:04:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rothschild Boulevard in Tel Aviv, home to\Nthe headquarters of Israel's largest banks,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.89,0:04:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became a kilometre-long encampment,\Ndubbed “the Tent Republic”.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.34,0:04:58.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have some pictures here.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.53,0:05:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lasting for almost three months,\Nthis protest called the tent republic.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.93,0:05:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Syntagma Square in Athens too was filled\Nwith tents and make shift dwelling places
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.15,0:05:11.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and became a site of\Nlasting popular assemblies
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.55,0:05:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and daily clashes with the local authorities.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.18,0:05:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Zuccotti Park, New York, activists\Ntapped into the electricity grid
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.23,0:05:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,via lantern posts and set up
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.58,0:05:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,semi-autonomous mesh networks\Nfor the benefit of the protesters.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.05,0:05:32.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though numerous commentators pointed out\Nthe role played by new technologies such as
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.20,0:05:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social networks and smart phones,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.40,0:05:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in facilitating the protests it was\Nthe city's square
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.68,0:05:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as old as political thought,\Nwhich was the true common denominator.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.51,0:05:50.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our understanding of the rights of free speech\Nand assembly as well as the concept of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.23,0:05:57.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,participatory democracy are deeply indebted\Nto the development of the Greek city state,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.33,0:06:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Polis, and later\Nthe Roman public square.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.16,0:06:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In nearly every protest occurring\Naround this time,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.37,0:06:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the spatial dimension of political action\Nwas once again affirmed.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.67,0:06:16.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Might this significance be altered by the\Nemergence of new technologies of control
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.23,0:06:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and new modes of resistance?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.96,0:06:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As Hannah Arendt pointed out,\Nthe idea of Polis,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.19,0:06:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which for her denoted the public realm\Nof a political community,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.91,0:06:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not necessarily designate\Nthe physical location of the Greek city state,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.81,0:06:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather this form of public realm\Nas the organisation of the people, quote:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.10,0:06:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"as it raises out of acting and\Nspeaking together", end of quote.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.47,0:06:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thus it's all the more fitting that when
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.49,0:06:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the People’s Party of Spain passed\Nits draconic law,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.45,0:06:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demonstrators were quick to
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.10,0:06:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seek an alternative to bodily presence\Nand physical space.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.92,0:07:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their solution was a hologram protest,\Nthe first ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.85,0:07:11.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first ever, as media outlets\Nwere quick to point out,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.36,0:07:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,skillfully choreographed and artfully projected\Nin front of the gates of congress in Madrid.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.15,0:07:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Independent, the newspaper reported:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.44,0:07:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Spanish activists have staged the world's\Nfirst ever virtual political demonstration.”
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.75,0:07:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Daily Mails headline read:\N“The world's first hologram protest.”
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.95,0:07:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And News India asked and answered:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.48,0:07:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Ghosts on Spain's street?\NNo it's world's first virtual protest.”
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.17,0:07:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In an interview, Cristina Flesher Fominaya,\Nspokeperson for the activist group,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.08,0:07:49.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that organised the hologram intervention,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.05,0:07:53.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"No somos delito" –\Nin English "We are not a crime"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.87,0:07:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explained how it all came together.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.14,0:08:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A group of creative professionals,\Nwho decided to remain anonymous,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.41,0:08:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provided the needed technical support\Nprior to the outdoor projection,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.21,0:08:09.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which lasted for the course of an hour.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.18,0:08:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The campaign was developed online.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.75,0:08:16.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A webpage with the slightly lofty title\N"Holograms for Freedom",
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.67,0:08:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which anyone can leave their hologram,\Na written message, or a shoutout,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.79,0:08:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was where it started.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.60,0:08:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally these composite images were screened\Nacross a transparent screen and looped.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.80,0:08:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By representing people as holograms,\Nwhich appear in a particular cool blueish tone
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.57,0:08:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reminiscent of surveillance camera footage,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.51,0:08:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the protest organiser seem to elude to the\Npopular depiction of a dystopian totalitarian state.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.52,0:08:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spectors, for once quite literally,\Nhaunted the sterile streets
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.07,0:08:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,voicing the grievance\Nof those barred from assembling there
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.88,0:09:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The event had been rehearsed, performed, and\Nrecorded in a nearby city and the equipment
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.36,0:09:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had been installed in Madrid by a\NPR company in a clandestine operation.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.35,0:09:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A tech savvy, [unwittingly] absurd way\Nto demonstrate without violating the new law.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.21,0:09:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of public space,\Nthe demonstrators inhabited a new medium.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.35,0:09:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, bodies in public space\Npose a problem in contemporary politics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.18,0:09:33.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The natural corporal vulnerability of protesting\Nwas now intensified by the threat
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.40,0:09:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of disproportionate financial penalisation.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.19,0:09:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was a proxy protest fit\Nfor the age of proxy politics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.77,0:09:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what is a proxy then,\Nlike the way we understand it?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.82,0:09:50.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A proxy is a decoy or a surrogate.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.54,0:09:56.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The word derives from the Latin procurator\N(Prokurator), meaning someone responsible
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.91,0:10:01.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for representing someone else\Nin a court of law.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.87,0:10:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These days, the word proxy is often used\Nto designate a computer server
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.47,0:10:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acting as an intermediary\Nfor request from clients.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.18,0:10:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These servers afford\Nindirect connections to a network,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.17,0:10:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thus providing users with anonymity.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.17,0:10:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, proxy servers\Nare not distinct technology
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.77,0:10:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hide users but can also be set up\Nfor the opposite task: to monitor traffic.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.02,0:10:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proxy politics, as defined by Hito Steyerl,\Nas the politics of the stand-in and the decoy,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.00,0:10:45.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is characterised by fraudulent contracts,\Ncalmarical sovereignties, and void authorities.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.85,0:10:50.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The concept of the proxy is emblematic\Nof our post representational,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.50,0:10:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,post democratic political age.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.21,0:10:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Disembodyment and invisibility of politics\Nand its increasing subordination
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.06,0:10:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to economic interests.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.74,0:11:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this political age is one\Nincreasingly populated by bot militias,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.60,0:11:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,puppet states, ghostwriters,\Nand communication relays.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.65,0:11:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now one paragraph on post democracy,\Nor the post representational,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.58,0:11:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what it actually means.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.66,0:11:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a book by Colin Crouch.\NIt's entitled “Post Democracy”.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.42,0:11:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there he describes the\Ncurrent political condition
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.00,0:11:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as one in which power is\Nincreasingly relinquish to business lobbies
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.83,0:11:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and non-governmental organisations.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.83,0:11:40.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a result, he argues, quote:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.17,0:11:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"There is little hope for an agenda\Nof strong egalitarian policies
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.00,0:11:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the redistribution of power and wealth\Nor for the restraint of powerful interests."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.95,0:11:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a corollary to the rise of neo-liberalism,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.30,0:12:01.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the vision of an autonomous potent\Npolitical subject is devastated
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.69,0:12:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the growing power of privileged elites,\Nstanding at the nexus of transnational
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.19,0:12:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,corporations, extra juridical zones,\Ninfrastructural authorities,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.05,0:12:17.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non governmental organisations,\Nand covert rule.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.56,0:12:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Similarly, Jacques Rancière,\Nin his book entitled "Post Democracy",
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.21,0:12:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he refers to democratic action,\Npost-democracy in the government practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.61,0:12:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and conceptual legitimisation\Nof a democracy after the demos,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.14,0:12:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a democracy that has eliminated\Nthe appearance, miscount,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.30,0:12:42.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and dispute of the energies and interests.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.86,0:12:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the heart of this condition\Nlies an ontology of deception,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.52,0:12:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the public realm is conceived\Nas a series of smoke screens,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.08,0:12:53.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,false flags, and simulations.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.33,0:12:59.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The democratic appearance of the people\Nis strictly opposed by its simulated reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.94,0:13:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, which is set up by the conjunction\Nof media proliferation of whatever is visible
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.82,0:13:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the endless count of opinions polled\Nand votes simulated.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.48,0:13:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With this concept of double government,\Npolicital scientist Michael Glennen
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.19,0:13:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has introduced a vision of US political power,\Nsplit between elected government officials,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.20,0:13:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a network of institutions constituting a disguised republic.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.43,0:13:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Glennan traces this phenomenon back to
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.82,0:13:38.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,World War II and president Truman's signing\Nof the national security act of 1947,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.87,0:13:44.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which established, among others,\Nthe Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.77,0:13:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since then, he argues, the United Staates\Nhas moved toward a double government,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.45,0:13:52.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wherein even the president exercises
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.79,0:14:00.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little substantive over the overall direction\Nof US national security policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.03,0:14:02.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Similarly, in Turkey, Egypt, Yemen, and Syria,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.59,0:14:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,political commentators have used\Nthe notion of the deep state
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.86,0:14:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe the nexus of police,\Nintelligence services, politicians,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.46,0:14:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and organised crime.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.84,0:14:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely, secrecy, or discretion,\Nto use its diplomatic euphemism,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.52,0:14:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is as old as politics itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.08,0:14:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But its recent resurgence\Nunder the guise of democratic rule
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.90,0:14:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reveals “arcana imperii”,\Nthe secrets of governance,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.81,0:14:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be all but arcane.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.11,0:14:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the age of proxy politics is thus one\Nin which power is displaced
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.55,0:14:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the hands of\Nextra juridical unchecked authorities.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.11,0:14:50.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whether by way of covered institutions\Nthat it builds in classified budgets,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.23,0:14:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organised crimes, and grey markets,\Nor no less disturbingly
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.64,0:15:00.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through gross privatisation\Nand the rise of transnational corporations.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.49,0:15:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to Sheldon Wallin,\Nthe paradox of our current regime
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.80,0:15:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the more open to the\Npressures of organised interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.20,0:15:15.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more opaque even\Nmysterious politics becomes.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.37,0:15:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consequently, responsibility becomes\Nvirtually untraceable.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.55,0:15:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In her “Lying in politics”,\Na text published in 1972,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.46,0:15:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written in response to the revelation\Nof the Pentagon Papers,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:30.06,0:15:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hannah Arendt lamented the beginning\Nof an age, in which image making has become
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.86,0:15:39.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the core value of American global policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.89,0:15:41.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When image makers govern,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.61,0:15:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the institutions of representational democracy\Nare destined to become a mere semblance.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.24,0:15:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The recent example came as the house of\Nrepresentatives voted in May 2015
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.65,0:15:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to end bulk surveillance by the NSA.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.92,0:16:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than bringing\Nall bulk surveillance to an end,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.75,0:16:06.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the vote merely took the government\Nout of the collection business.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.53,0:16:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It would not deny its access to the information,\Nit would be in the hands of the private sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.42,0:16:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost certainly telecommunications companies\Nlike ATT, Verizon, and Sprint.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.17,0:16:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, even after\Nseemingly successful governmental reform,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.33,0:16:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was revealed that the corridors of power\Nlay elsewhere between politics
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.39,0:16:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the private sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.07,0:16:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So popular protests in one country
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.92,0:16:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often convicts for the\Nexpansion of power in another.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.04,0:16:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the aftermath of a successful,\Nnon violent-regime change in Belgrade,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.80,0:16:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,activits behind the Otpor movement\Nrelayed their experiences into
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.60,0:16:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tutorials and training camps,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.65,0:16:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaching activists in numerous countries\Nhow to ignite and lead a revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.59,0:16:56.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's more,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.83,0:17:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Srđa Popović and Slobodan Đinović,\Nboth former Otpor activists,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.74,0:17:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,founded CANVAS, which is the Center for\NApplied Non-Violent Actions and Strategies.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.00,0:17:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the aim of educating\Npro-democracy activists around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.03,0:17:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in what they regard as the “universal principles\Nfor success in non violent struggle”.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.92,0:17:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CANVAS has trained activists\Nin more than 50 countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.89,0:17:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including Iran, Ukraine, Palestine, and recently\NTunisia and Egypt, to name but a few.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.69,0:17:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By late November 2000, an article in the\NNew York Times had revealed
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.86,0:17:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that prior to the revolution,\NOtpor had received funds
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.99,0:17:47.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from US government affiliated organisations,\Nsuch as the National Endowment for Democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.27,0:17:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition, their ties to the private\Nglobal intelligence company “Stratfor”,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.60,0:17:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also know as the “shadow CIA”,\Nprompted questions concerning
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.90,0:18:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,activists’ involvement in\Nglobal American covert foreign policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.35,0:18:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how might proxy politics be more\Nthan just a condition,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.76,0:18:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the name of a political regime that thrives\Nan obscurity, opaqueness, and decoys?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.98,0:18:19.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How might it also designate\Na corresponding mode of resistance?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.40,0:18:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ideally, proxy politics would encompass\Nmyriad modes of withdrawal,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.42,0:18:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both technical and metaphorical.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.41,0:18:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its tools could be a VPN, a holographic\Nsurrogate, a stock image, or a double.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.97,0:18:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its outcome is always concealment,\Nevasion, subterfuge.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.76,0:18:48.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The hope is that strategies\Nsuch as these
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.28,0:18:51.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might be effective during our\Ncurrent interim phase,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.63,0:18:57.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the period in which the difference between\Nreal virtuality and virtual reality,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:57.22,0:19:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tangible and the digital is\Nincreasingly difficult to discern.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:02.38,0:19:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the same time, it is becoming
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.04,0:19:08.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increasingly evident, how severely\Ncontrolled both spheres are.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.88,0:19:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world wide web, by\Nway of its architecture and protocols,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.84,0:19:18.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and public space by\Nincreasing privatisations.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.48,0:19:23.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As Alexander Galloway has observed,\Ninstead of a [politicisation] of time or space,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.69,0:19:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are witnessing a rise in the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.91,0:19:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[politicisation] of absence- and presence-oriented\Nthemes, such as invisibility, opacity, and anonymity.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.35,0:19:38.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or the relationship between\Nidentification and legibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.45,0:19:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the tactics of\Nnon-existence and disappearance.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.21,0:19:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,New struggles around prevention,\Ntherapeutics of the body, piracy on contagion,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:49.48,0:19:54.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information capture and the\Nmaking present of data via data mining.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.86,0:19:59.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to Galloway,\Nrecent protest movements' refusal
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.03,0:20:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make clear demands is\Na form of black boxing.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.67,0:20:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A conscious withdrawal from political\Nrepresentation and collective bargaining.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:09.26,0:20:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The choice is for relations, relays and links,\Nin the words of Édouard Glissant.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.28,0:20:20.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All qualities associated with the proxy.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.36,0:20:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This politicisation upholds the right to opacity,\Nalso a quote from Glissant.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.02,0:20:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than reverting once again\Nto the age-old demand for transparency.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.72,0:20:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Glissant, opacity is the force\Nthat drives every community,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.33,0:20:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the thing that would bring us together forever\Nand makes us permanently distinctive.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.42,0:20:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recently in Paris,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:53.06,0:20:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the state of emergency, declared in\Nthe wake of recent terror attacks,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.10,0:21:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prevented climate change activists from\Nassembling in public spaces
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.68,0:21:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during the climate change summit,\Nprotesters installed over 10.000 pairs of shoes
Dialogue: 0,0:21:08.55,0:21:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Place de la République,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.50,0:21:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,theatrically standing in place\Nof the absent bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.90,0:21:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Images of the square circulated\Nwidely in the media,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.72,0:21:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emphasising the inherent mediatisation \Nof contemporary protest
Dialogue: 0,0:21:22.28,0:21:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the need for effective images,\Nnot necessarily real bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.54,0:21:33.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holograms and shoes function as\Nplaceholders, making it all the more possible
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.62,0:21:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for images of absent bodies to\Ncommunicate large scale discontent.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:40.40,0:21:44.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in reference to the\Nwave of protest in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:44.62,0:21:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Judith Butler has suggested that\Nprotest in public space has, quote:
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.26,0:21:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"become politically potent only\Nwhen and if we have a visual and audible
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.50,0:21:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,version of the scene communicated in\Nlive time, so that the media
Dialogue: 0,0:21:59.64,0:22:04.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not merely report the scene,\Nbut is part of the scene and the action;
Dialogue: 0,0:22:04.95,0:22:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indeed, the media is the scene or the space\Nin its extended and replicable
Dialogue: 0,0:22:10.36,0:22:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,visual and audible dimension."
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.87,0:22:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Madrid, the shadow-like figures\Nin the hologram embodied a double movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.74,0:22:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a process of deterritorialisation and reterritorialisation.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.08,0:22:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Slogans and shouts were\Ncrowdsourced online
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.41,0:22:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and synced with holographic images\Nfilmed in a nearby city.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:30.98,0:22:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, the resulting image was meticulously\Nreworked to match the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.23,0:22:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,distances and angles of the scene\Nin front of congress.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:43.92,0:22:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in recent years, there has been a\Ngrowing interest in the reterritorialisation
Dialogue: 0,0:22:51.11,0:22:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.95,0:22:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The artist Trevor Paglen and theoreticians,\Nsuch as Tung Hui Hu and Keller Easterling,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.06,0:23:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have drawn attention to the\Nmateriality of the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.73,0:23:06.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,data centres, undersea cables,\Nand routers, which in turn
Dialogue: 0,0:23:06.91,0:23:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rely on hydro-electric power stations\Nand dams for electricity, as well as
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.33,0:23:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,railway tracks and telegraph lines\Nfor communication routes.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:20.47,0:23:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The web, until recently associated with\Nimmateriality, virtually and spacelessness
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.62,0:23:30.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as exemplified by the\Npopularity of the term “cyberspace”,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.97,0:23:34.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clearly has a body,\Na sprawling physical infrastructure
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.52,0:23:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ever-growing ecological footprint.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.19,0:23:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The benign-sounding “cloud” is nothing less\Nthan a publicity ploy for a vast campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.59,0:23:49.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to centralise digital data, and to turn\Nsoftware and hardware into a black box.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.25,0:23:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As our computers have become thinner and sleeker,\Nthe weight of the cloud has only grown greater.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:56.48,0:24:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the body politic is now\Nintertwined with the body of the web,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:00.14,0:24:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the web, the world wide,\Nis constrained by
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.38,0:24:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,national policies and geographical realities.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.36,0:24:10.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In October 2015,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:10.07,0:24:14.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,citizens in Thailand protested against\Ntheir military government's plan to
Dialogue: 0,0:24:14.63,0:24:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,channel Internet traffic to international\Nservers through a single network gateway,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.41,0:24:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the intention of perfecting\Nstate surveillance and censorship.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.28,0:24:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This political move was dubbed\N“The Great Firewall of Thailand”.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.08,0:24:36.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As in Madrid, the choice of protest space\Ncorresponded with the space,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.51,0:24:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new law was tailored for.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:39.32,0:24:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The military government's websites were\Ntargeted and downed for several hours by
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.42,0:24:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,denial of service attacks.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:45.99,0:24:50.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The online action was reported beyond\Nactivist platforms and international media,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.62,0:24:55.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however, it lacked images that could\Nrepresent the bodies of those who would
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.61,0:24:57.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literally be barred from leaving Thailand
Dialogue: 0,0:24:57.90,0:25:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the government was\Nfollowing through on its plans
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.50,0:25:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for greater surveillance and censorship.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:04.37,0:25:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the meantime, the\Nhacker collective “Anonymous”
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.56,0:25:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,declared cyberwar on the Thai government.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:10.64,0:25:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Operation “Single Gateway” targeted\NThai police servers in an effort to
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.78,0:25:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demonstrate the actual vulnerability\Nof virtual state institutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:22.25,0:25:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how can one possibly grasp the current\Nrelation between the digital and its outside,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:28.80,0:25:34.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back when the Internet was still thought of\Nas synonymous with cyberspace?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.82,0:25:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both were clearly defined as separate.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.49,0:25:40.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A quote from Wendy Chun:
Dialogue: 0,0:25:40.11,0:25:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Cyberspace as a virtual non-place made\Nthe Internet so much more
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.02,0:25:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than a network of networks:
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.93,0:25:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It became a place in which things happened,\Nin which users’ actions separated from their bodies,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:51.57,0:25:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in which local standards became\Nimpossible to determine.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:56.52,0:26:01.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It thus freed users from their locations."
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.04,0:26:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the 1990s, the Internet was\Nimagined to be a perfect frontier
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.58,0:26:07.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,science fiction dream come true,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.87,0:26:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where users could navigate as powerful agents,\Ninvisible and free of physical constraints.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:14.01,0:26:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, as Wendy Chun in her book\N“Control and Freedom”, published in 2006,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.75,0:26:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as she has demonstrated,\Nthe world wide web was designed
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.28,0:26:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a technology of control from the start,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:27.02,0:26:34.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,geographically rooted and constantly\Nmonitoring its users via protocols such as TCP/IP.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.17,0:26:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in what way does virtuality challenge\Nour conception of public space
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.63,0:26:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the mobilisation of human bodies?
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.06,0:26:48.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we have seen, the digital and the real\Ncoalesce in ever new forms and devices.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.63,0:26:51.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And despite the gaming industry's\Nrecent success in
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.33,0:26:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bringing early visions of virtual reality\Nto technical perfection,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:55.29,0:27:00.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think of Oculus Rift, or something\Nlike the body snap app,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.90,0:27:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prior myth of virtual reality are slowly,\Nbut certainly eroding.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:05.51,0:27:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The old demarcations between\Nthe human body in physical space
Dialogue: 0,0:27:09.29,0:27:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the so called “immateriality of the\Ndigital sphere” are superseded.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:15.42,0:27:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Attempts to conceptualise the\Neffect of the synthetic face-to-screen situation
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.58,0:27:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either one that this is downfall\Nof the sovereign subject or
Dialogue: 0,0:27:26.31,0:27:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extricate emancipatory potential from\Nthe entanglement of humans and technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.68,0:27:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How then might a proxy give way to\Ndifferent bodily modes and morphologies
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.07,0:27:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a body both present and absent?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:41.36,0:27:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whereas Donna Haraway and Rosi Braidotti\Nhave attempted to destabilise the subject
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.30,0:27:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it was conceived during the 20th century,\Nexploring notions as the cyborg
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.07,0:27:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in conceptualising a feminist post humanism.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.76,0:28:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Might the proxy antagonistically restabilise\Na very concrete subject in a synthetic situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.82,0:28:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a proxy a techno body,\Ndoes it have flesh after all?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.89,0:28:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Might it serve as the object other of the\Nhigh tech clean and efficient bodies
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.47,0:28:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,endorsed by contemporary culture\Nas Haraway envisions?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:17.06,0:28:21.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or rather as a nomadic device\Nthat enables people to become
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.06,0:28:25.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,post human subjects in Braidotti's\Nline of thought?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:25.03,0:28:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Braidotti warns of a fatal nostalgia for\Neither, humanist past or the cold war cyborg.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.82,0:28:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And instead proposes that we embraced\Nvulnerability, take pride in being flesh.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.35,0:28:44.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her post-human theory aims at\Nshaping and shifting new subjectivities
Dialogue: 0,0:28:44.87,0:28:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against modern humanism,\Na school of thought she criticises
Dialogue: 0,0:28:48.99,0:28:54.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for its wide male supremacy,\Neurocentric normativity, imperial past,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:54.45,0:28:58.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and inhuman consequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.79,0:29:03.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So proxies permit human bodies\Nto step out of the line of fire
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.28,0:29:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to evade forensics,\Nthe lack of a human silhouette,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.54,0:29:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,face, or fixed physiognomy\Nand can be associated with numerous
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.61,0:29:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individuals wherever they are.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.46,0:29:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than the avatar, a creatively designed\Nporn in the network gaming environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:22.42,0:29:27.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they assume either a transformative\Nshape and form, or none at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.91,0:29:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last two sentences. {\i1}chuckles{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.10,0:29:36.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proxies are necessary in\Ncontemporary political struggle,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.64,0:29:40.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're counter figures to\Ncapitalist self improvement
Dialogue: 0,0:29:40.51,0:29:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a [???] opaque other.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:43.98,0:29:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So proxies provide an escape route\Nfrom a schizophrenic situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.65,0:29:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which denies or limits bodies to being\Nmere vessels of biotechnological information.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:56.32,0:30:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proxies offer a path toward a new,\Na fleeting relation as sovereign bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:04.40,0:30:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:06.90,0:30:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}applause{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.92,0:30:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Thank you very much for the\Nspontaneity and the talk
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.85,0:30:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think there might be time\Nfor questions outside.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:18.48,0:30:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.84,0:30:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,postroll music
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.52,0:30:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subtitles created by c3subtitles.de\Nin the year 2016. Join, and help us!