[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.11,0:00:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Decades of housing discrimination have \Nhelped create an enormous wealth gap
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.99,0:00:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between white and Black families.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.77,0:00:19.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The enduring legacy of redlining, \Nthe legal government sponsored effort to
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.29,0:00:23.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deny mortgages and home ownership \Nopportunities to African-Americans and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.55,0:00:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other minorities continues to undermine \Ntheir quality of life. This violation of
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.76,0:00:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basic civil rights continues to \Nnegatively impact education attainment,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.87,0:00:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,health outcomes, wealth accumulation,\Nself-esteem, mortality rates, and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.00,0:00:42.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,civic engagement.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.35,0:00:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Home ownership has proved to both the \Ndoorway and gatekeeper to success and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.50,0:00:52.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well-being in America. It is at the \Ncore of today's racial wealth gap.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.64,0:00:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- There's a very powerful myth in this\Ncountry, and that is that residential
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.94,0:01:02.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,segregation in this country is something \Nwe call de-facto segregation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.17,0:01:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something that happened by accident.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.10,0:01:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every textbook that's used in American \Nhigh schools and middle schools today
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.90,0:01:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lies about this history. \NIt talks about how
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.70,0:01:14.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,northern cities were de facto segregated,\Nwithout government involvement.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.71,0:01:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They talk about how the Federal Housing \NAdministration did a wonderful job of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.73,0:01:23.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating single family homes in the \Nsuburbs for working class families
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.53,0:01:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without mentioning that the working \Nclass families they had created these
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.23,0:01:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,homes for could only be white.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.92,0:01:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This began a history of excluding people\Nof color from government housing programs.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.79,0:01:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intended to lower the cost of mortgages\Nand increase home ownership.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.11,0:01:53.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Segregated neighborhoods \Nby race using a code system.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.32,0:02:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Outlined minority neighborhoods\Nusing the color red.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.64,0:02:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intended to expand the secondary \Nmortgage market by securitizing
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.50,0:02:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mortgage loans.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.35,0:02:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Community boards often denied \Nminority veterans mortgages.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.01,0:02:17.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many minority vets could not be \Nburied in the same cemetery as whites.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.80,0:02:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't until 1970 that lending to \Ncommunities of color began to increase.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.87,0:02:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The way this manifested itself was \Nthrough the drawing of maps.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.23,0:02:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Different neighborhoods were underwritten\Nas being riskier or safer and the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.82,0:02:40.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,principle component that determined \Nriskiness or safety from a lending
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.32,0:02:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,standpoint was ethnic \Nand racial composition.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.70,0:02:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It was at that point that the \Nreal estate developers began to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.42,0:02:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drop strings around areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.04,0:03:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The local banker could choose \Nwho would get mortgages, where.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.79,0:03:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that we could not have gotten \Na loan out in the suburbs because
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.12,0:03:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those were whites only.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.02,0:03:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The concept of a middle class Black\Nonly exists in the mind of a middle
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.19,0:03:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,class Black.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.90,0:03:21.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everywhere else in the suburbs \Nyou are that nigger family on the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.57,0:03:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,corner of Warren Road \Nand Boulevard Way.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.99,0:03:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well the truth is that we've had in this\Ncountry generations of affirmative action
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.66,0:03:38.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for whites.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.20,0:03:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the sad truth of it is that \Nwhites don't know that that's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.88,0:03:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happened or they refuse to\Naccept it or don't understand the history.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.54,0:03:51.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what that leads to is this false\Nkind-of narrative that "I did it myself."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.97,0:03:57.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, this Horatio Alger, \Nindividual responsibility narrative.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.47,0:04:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- There were many federal, state, \Nand local policies explicitly racial
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.02,0:04:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,designed to create segregation in \Nevery Metropolitan area in the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.41,0:04:10.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And policies that were so\Npowerful that they still determine
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.53,0:04:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the racial boundaries of \NMetropolitan areas today.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.71,0:04:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Federal Housing Administration began \Na program to suburbanize the entire white
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.76,0:04:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working class population \Ninto single family homes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.28,0:04:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This is Levittown, Pennsylvania. \NA new suburban community of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.08,0:04:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,60,000 people with it's \Ngiant shopping center,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.96,0:04:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,winding lanes named for \Nflowers and trees.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.84,0:04:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is fairly typical of communities \Nall over America.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.39,0:04:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where families are pursuing the American\Ndream to give their children a better
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.86,0:04:46.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chance in life.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.100,0:04:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nearly all are young people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.87,0:04:53.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A large proportion are veterans. \NFor many it is the first house of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.87,0:04:58.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their own and it represents a \Nmajor financial investment.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.19,0:05:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In August 1957, Levittown,\NPennsylvania attracted
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.14,0:05:08.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,international attention as \NWilliam Myers Jr. and his family moved
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.85,0:05:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the three bedroom house.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.06,0:05:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are very close \Nto the Levittown norm.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.69,0:05:15.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Except in one respect.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.99,0:05:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,William Myers Jr. and his family are \Nnegroes in an all-white community.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.26,0:05:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- If more colored are allowed to move in,\NLevittown is going to go downhill.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.56,0:05:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The only way that those developers \Ncould get the capital to do that was
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.06,0:05:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by going to the \NFederal Housing Administration.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.54,0:05:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order to get that approval,\Nthey had to commit
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.44,0:05:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,never to sell a home \Nto an African-American.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.12,0:05:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Access to leverage allowed \Nmiddle-class whites to build wealth.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.67,0:05:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The white families who bought those \Nhomes were able to use their wealth
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.96,0:05:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to send children to college. And they use \Nit to bequeath wealth to their children,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.49,0:05:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who could use it as down payments\Nfor their own homes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.22,0:05:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Restrictive covenants ensured that \Nminorities could not
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.38,0:06:01.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,buy into white neighborhoods.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.55,0:06:05.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Properties shall continue to be \Noccupied by the same social
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.24,0:06:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and racial classes.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.72,0:06:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- When Karen and I purchased this home\Nthat was built in 1948,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.26,0:06:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we found some documents\Nin a closet.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.10,0:06:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neither the whole or any part of \Nsaid tract shall be sold, rented,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.61,0:06:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or leased to any persons or persons\Nnot of white or Caucasian race.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.12,0:06:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Created greatest growth of the middle\Nclass in the history of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.98,0:06:40.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1940, 42 percent of white \Nfamilies owned their own home.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.71,0:06:46.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2000, 71 percent of white\Nfamilies owned their own home.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.92,0:06:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So consequently those 71 percent, \N72 percent of white home owners
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.95,0:06:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who own their own home\Nshould be thankful to the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.39,0:07:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,federal government for providing \Nthem this opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.10,0:07:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did not happen or what \Nhappened at the same time
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.93,0:07:11.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that we people of color were \Ndiscriminated against and were
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.58,0:07:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prevented from taking advantage\Nof those opportunities.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.78,0:07:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The recent housing and foreclosure\Ncrisis were a continuation of a form
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.30,0:07:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of redlining.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.81,0:07:27.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Financial institutions practiced \Nunrealistic credit scoring and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.65,0:07:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predatory lending.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.57,0:07:36.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Subprime mortgages grew nearly 250 \Npercent. In 1998, subprime mortgages
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.36,0:07:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made up 9.8 percent of the mortgage\Nmarket. By 2006, they made up 23.5
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.04,0:07:46.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,percent of the market.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.10,0:07:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And the gap between white home ownership\Nrates and black home ownership rates is
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.50,0:07:58.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,30 percentage points larger than it was\Nback in 1968. In 1968 the typical Black
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.57,0:08:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,family had one-sixth as much \Nwealth as the typical white family.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.34,0:08:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now it is one-tenth.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.50,0:08:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have gone backwards \Nsince the civil rights era.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.06,0:08:15.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Latinos lost close to a 170 billion\Ndollars worth of equity that they
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.60,0:08:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had accumulated in the home \Nthat they purchased many
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.16,0:08:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many years before then.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.17,0:08:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- When they come to access products,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.90,0:08:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the choices that they are given\Nare limited.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.66,0:08:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you're given, instead of a \Nconventional loan, you're given
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.38,0:08:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a special loans that have higher \Ninterest rates or higher fees
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.41,0:08:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that again set you up for \Nforeclosure or failure as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.20,0:08:47.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The scandal of your tenure is your \Nunwillingness to do your job and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.90,0:08:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enforce the laws that reduce \Nhousing discrimination.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.81,0:08:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The housing crisis affected all \Ncommunities but disproportionally
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.11,0:08:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devastated minority families.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.40,0:09:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black and Hispanic families lost\Nnearly 20 years of wealth between
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.32,0:09:06.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2007 and 2013.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.33,0:09:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Minority home ownership is the \Nlowest it's been since 1996.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.17,0:09:15.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Redlining discrimination in the \NAsian-American communities,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.24,0:09:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alive and kicking. \NAnd in California,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.33,0:09:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll see that Asians have the\Nsecond highest probability
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.77,0:09:23.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of going to foreclosure.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.46,0:09:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very comparable to Latinos. \NLatinos were 1.4,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.35,0:09:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for Asians it was 1.3.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.20,0:09:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so whether it is in home \Nownership, rental, small business,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.94,0:09:39.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,foreclosure, across the \Nboard there is redlining.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.96,0:09:49.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Between 1934 and 1962, 120 billion\Nin FHA and VA loans were issued.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.07,0:09:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over that period of time, \N98 percent of the loans
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.94,0:09:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,went to white families\Nand less than two
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.74,0:09:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,percent went to African-Americans \Nand other minorities.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.65,0:10:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using the average Home Price Index\Nbetween 1934 through 2018,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.40,0:10:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those FHA, VA loans equate to at least\Nthree trillion dollars
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.02,0:10:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in current real estate value.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.38,0:10:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Assuming that as loans were paid off\Nand excess funds were invested in
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.95,0:10:31.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stocks and other investments\Nconservatively, another two
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.19,0:10:33.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trillion were created.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.17,0:10:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This "White Subsidy" is the major \Ncontributor to the current
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.25,0:10:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,racial wealth gap.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.44,0:10:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So many white Americans experience\Nthis sense of self esteem, a sense of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.53,0:10:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know superiority, if you will.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.42,0:10:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This sense of mastery, that they \Nhave created their own destiny
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.63,0:10:53.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their lives. And they have no \Nacknowledgment of this invisible
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.11,0:10:58.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hand that supported them throughout\Ntheir lives and not just them, but there's
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.97,0:11:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a legacy of that invisible hand across \Ngenerations that has translated itself
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.60,0:11:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the original affirmative action\Nto trillions of dollars of head start
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.73,0:11:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ahead of other communities, like \NAfrican-Americans, Latinos,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.60,0:11:17.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Native Americans, others who don't \Nhave the same benefit.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.99,0:11:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Children of homeowners are more likely\Nto graduate from high school, have less
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.98,0:11:26.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,childhood behavioral problems\Nand achieve higher college
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.99,0:11:28.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,graduation rates.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.35,0:11:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In segregated housing, and in \Nneighborhoods that everybody is
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.46,0:11:38.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,segregated that tend to be low\Nincome neighborhoods.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.39,0:11:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is the greater likelihood that \Nthe youngsters will be involved in
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.11,0:11:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gangs, or will be recruited \Nto be in gangs.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.67,0:11:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I noticed an absence of hope, \Nan absence of light. These kids
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.12,0:11:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were barraged with a message \Nevery single day of their lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.46,0:11:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they weren't valued, \Nthat they didn't matter.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.27,0:12:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they internalized that.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.16,0:12:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that caused frustration \Nand anger, and eventually despair
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.58,0:12:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a loss of hope.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.21,0:12:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is now a very good science \Nthat shows the sense of not
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.80,0:12:16.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,belonging, the sense of lacking \Nself-esteem raises cortisol levels
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.43,0:12:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your blood. And cortisol is good for \Nyou when you're in an extremely
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.07,0:12:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stressful situation, but when you're \Nconstantly bathed in cortisol,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.10,0:12:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you're constantly feeling these \Nstressors of being marginalized and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.08,0:12:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being told that you're less worthy, \Nless valuable and being in constant
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.19,0:12:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,state of really fear and anxiety,\Nit changes your physiology completely.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.82,0:12:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes you more prone \Nto cardiovascular disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.49,0:12:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it makes you more prone \Nto diabetes, it makes
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.74,0:12:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changes in your brain,\Nwhich actually makes it
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.44,0:12:52.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more difficult to engage \Nin what we call executive function.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.61,0:12:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This kind of chronic stress which is \Ndriven by the policies that we've
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.78,0:13:04.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,created is as lethal as any \Nknife or any gun.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.44,0:13:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Suppose discrimination did end today.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.04,0:13:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many generations would it take\Nto get to rough equality and wealth
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.20,0:13:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across races.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.96,0:13:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,France was seven generations, \Nmore than 200 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.83,0:13:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And so when white Americans \Nhear about affirmative action
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.04,0:13:26.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for Blacks, or for Latinos, \Nthey're outraged.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.14,0:13:30.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They think "I've done this \Nby myself, why can't these people."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.100,0:13:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"There's something \Nwrong with these people."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.70,0:13:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The same programs that were provided\Nto white Americans, that enabled them
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.82,0:13:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to accumulate this wealth \Nthrough home ownership,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.02,0:13:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those same opportunities \Nhave to be provided to us.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.94,0:13:54.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Imagine where minority families would\Nbe today if their grandparents had the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.89,0:13:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same access to wealth through \Nhome ownership that white families had.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.86,0:14:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What would the wealth gap be\Nbetween white and minority
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.46,0:14:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,families if minorities had the same \Naccess to wealth through home ownership?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.41,0:14:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would there be a gap?