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Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.01,0:00:17.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}rC3 preroll music{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.23,0:00:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Yeah, and the next talk I'm very\Nproud to announce, we have a speaker who's
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.93,0:00:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming in from sunny California and he's\Nan attorney, he's working for Harvard.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.33,0:00:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's doing so many things and he's\Nfighting for our digital rights. Very
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.93,0:00:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happy to say hi. Welcome.\NKurt Opsahl: Thank you!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.61,0:00:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: And "Spot the Surveillance" is the\Ntopic. We'll see what we haven't seen
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.21,0:01:04.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before. And I'm very happy that you're\Nhere and... Kurt Opsahl. Please, let us
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.91,0:01:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know what's up. Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.49,0:01:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kurt: Thank you. Hello, everybody, my name\Nis Kurt, also I'm the deputy executive
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.88,0:01:16.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,director general counsel of the Electronic\NFrontier Foundation. I'm here to talk to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.77,0:01:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you about observing police surveillance of\Nprotests. So why do we want to observe
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.53,0:01:26.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police at protests? Well, because protests\Nare political expression. And the Council
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.78,0:01:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Europe put it the right of individuals\Nto gather with other people and make their
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.02,0:01:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,collective voice heard is fundamental to a\Nproperly functioning democracy. And this
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.18,0:01:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a right which is protected by the\NEuropean Convention on Human Rights and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.52,0:01:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other international rights treaties. But\Nsurveillance - consumer's rights. So
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.94,0:01:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowing what technologies are used can\Nhelp you understand the threats to your
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.38,0:01:52.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,privacy and security, as well as provide\Ntools to advocate for limits on police use
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.81,0:01:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of surveillance; surveillance that may\Nchill people's right to express themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.94,0:02:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on these public issues. Just as an analog\Nsurveillance historically has been used as
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.53,0:02:04.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a tool of repression. Nowadays,\Npolicymakers and the public have to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.51,0:02:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understand that the threat posed by\Nemerging technologies is a danger to human
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.47,0:02:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rights, and they need to understand that\Nto successfully defend human rights in the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.15,0:02:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,digital age. So journalists who are\Nreporting on protest action should know
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.99,0:02:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the surveillance that is in use. Activists\Nwho are advocating for limitations on
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.17,0:02:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police use of surveillance need to know\Nwhat surveillance is being used to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.99,0:02:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effectively advocate. And legal observers\Nmay need to document the use of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.95,0:02:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surveillance at protests in order to\Nchallenge the police actions at the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.76,0:02:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protest or challenge the police policies\Nthat are being used after the protest with
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.41,0:02:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the footage they've obtained. So where are\Nwe going today? We're going to provide a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.05,0:02:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lot of information about various types of\Nsurveillance technologies in use by police
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.51,0:02:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the world. We're going to look at\Nwhat the appearance is, how it works, what
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.21,0:03:00.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of data they collect and how they're\Nused by police. And at the end a few other
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.28,0:03:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resources available for those who want to\Ndive a little bit deeper on the topic. So
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.06,0:03:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police surveillance technology is\Neverywhere. It's on the police themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.97,0:03:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on their vehicles, on the roadways. It\Ncould be above you in the air, surrounding
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.100,0:03:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you in the environment, can be a lot of\Ndifferent places and you need to know
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.63,0:03:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where. The police officers themselves\Noften find in the form of either body worn
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.43,0:03:30.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cameras or additional devices that they're\Nusing, which are basically mobile
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.52,0:03:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biometric sensors. Body-Worn cameras or\Ntechnology that's come out become more
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.19,0:03:40.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,popular over the last decade or so.\NOriginally was something that was being
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.93,0:03:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used as a way to provide police\Naccountability that give a record of their
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.97,0:03:50.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interactions with the public. And maybe,\Nfor example, could you show police
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.63,0:03:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brutality or maybe deter police brutality?\NBut there are two-way streets: these are
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.55,0:03:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often used to surveil protesters, and the\Nfootage may later be used to support
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.42,0:04:09.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arrests and charges. For example, we use\Nthis NPR story where after a rally weeks
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.08,0:04:15.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later, the police went identifying people\Nthrough body cam footage and brought
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.93,0:04:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,action against them for obstructing the\Nroadway, part of the civil disobedience of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.30,0:04:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the protest, based on finding them on the\Nbody camera footage. They can be in a all
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.59,0:04:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,variety of places, so if you're looking\Nfor Body-Worn cameras, you got to look at
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.52,0:04:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different places to see where they might\Nbe. So a couple of places they might see
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.21,0:04:40.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them: on the head - head mounted camera.\NSo it might be on the glasses on the side,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.71,0:04:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be a lens right in the center. The\Ncenter one is pretty hard to find, but the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.24,0:04:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ones on the side or might be part of the\Nglasses or the helmet they're wearing are
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.08,0:04:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generally pretty obvious. These ones,\Nthey're not particularly common, but they
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.36,0:05:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do happen. Shoulder mounted cameras also a\Nlittle bit less common, but they have an
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.74,0:05:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting feature: in this case they're\Nusing the Warrior 360 from Blue Line
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.76,0:05:14.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Innovations as an example, and it is a\Ndome camera that looks all directions, 360
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.99,0:05:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,degrees off the officer's left shoulder.\NAll most cameras like a front facing
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.52,0:05:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camera will capture only 180 degrees.\NChest mounted cameras are the most common
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.25,0:05:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these are being used very, very\Nwidely. We give some examples here from
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.58,0:05:44.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amsterdam, Middelburg and from West\NMidlands Police in the EU... or soon to be
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.17,0:05:50.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not in EU for I guess Britain. And there\Nare several known types: Excelon, Wolfcom
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.13,0:05:55.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Watchguard are very common. They\Noperate in similar manners, though, with
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.61,0:06:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some differences. And you can take a look\Nat some of the examples that are available
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.10,0:06:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to those companies webpages where they\Nwill explain the products they have an
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.63,0:06:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offer and see what matches up for your\Njurisdiction. Or you can also look in for
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.88,0:06:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,news article. Oftentimes there's a news\Narticle about what may the first policy to
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.97,0:06:20.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bring Body_Worn cameras is introduced in a\Nparticular police department. The're also
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.87,0:06:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smartphone based cameras, and these are\Nkind of the low end, it's basically just
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.58,0:06:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an Android cell phone using its internal\Ncamera with an app that does recording
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.16,0:06:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,placed in a pocket. So the camera is a\Nlittle bit above the clock and you can see
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.60,0:06:39.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forward. But it's also a very subtle\Ntechnique. And it could be easily confused
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.95,0:06:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you were looking for someone just\Nstarting their phone to their pocket. It
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.02,0:06:47.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also might be clipped somewhere on the on\Ntheir uniform. But if you see anything
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.95,0:06:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the camera is facing outward and\Nit's attached to the officer, there's a
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.55,0:06:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good chance that that is a Body-Worn\Ncamera and the setup is on play. Last of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.76,0:07:01.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Body-Worn cameras will talk about the\Nsemi-obscured cams. So this is an example
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.48,0:07:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for coverable Body-Worn, \NBody-Worn Utility, and it is
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.99,0:07:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partially concealed, basically looks like\Na button on someone's uniform that if
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.16,0:07:18.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're not looking closely, you might not\Nnotice. But if you see, if you know, it
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.51,0:07:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appears where you would expect actually\Nnot to have a button, it's slightly
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.09,0:07:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,larger, looks a little bit different. It\Nlooks like a camera if you look closely.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.86,0:07:28.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you're looking at a distance,\Nyou're not particularly paying attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.81,0:07:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might not see it at all. In addition\Nto Body-Worn cameras, there are often used
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.84,0:07:43.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mobile biometric devices, so these can be\Nhandheld scanners, could be a tablet or a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.57,0:07:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camera phone, and in some cases it just is\Na camera, which had an applicable app on
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.55,0:07:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it. But we'll see that... so how to tell\Nwhether they're using a phone or whether
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.66,0:08:03.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using as a biometric scanner? By the body\Nlanguage. So, for example, if the police
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.69,0:08:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,officer is holding up the phone trying to\Ncapture someone's face, that is most
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.94,0:08:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,likely because they have a capturing of\Nphoto and they may be connecting that to a
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.87,0:08:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,facial recognition application. And you\Nalso will see mobile fingerprinting. So as
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.82,0:08:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an example, in the United Kingdom, they\Nhave an app on the officer's phone
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.44,0:08:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,combined with a fingerprint scanning\Ndevice and takes the people's fingerprints
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.83,0:08:36.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and checks them against some databases.\NOne is a database of everyone that police
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.50,0:08:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have detained, putting them into the\Ndatabase and then checking against it for
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.46,0:08:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new people. And the other one is a\Ndatabase for immigration, collected at the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.61,0:08:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,border when someone comes into the UK. And\Nthis allows the police to do a very rapid
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.75,0:08:58.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,check of their records on somebody in the\Nfield. Some of these devices are
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.79,0:09:04.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multimodal. We'll do both of them to be\Nable to do fingerprints and take photos
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.43,0:09:10.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for facial recognition. This here is the\NDataworks Plus Evolution - does it both,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.73,0:09:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that can be convenient for the\Nofficers, but it's a little bit more
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.09,0:09:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dangerous to civil liberties. And some of\Nthe Body-Worn cameras, in this example
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.59,0:09:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wolfcam, has a biometric capability built\Nin facial recognition so it can use its
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.21,0:09:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regular camera functions and of course,\Nall of them to take the picture. That
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.92,0:09:40.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,picture could be uploaded to a database\Nand facial recognition will be done later.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.93,0:09:47.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this one is designed to streamline\Nthat process. So take a moment, as an
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.10,0:09:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aside, to talk about facial recognition in\NEurope per Algorithmwatch. The
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.21,0:09:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organization says that there are at least\N11 police agencies in Europe who use
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.45,0:10:02.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,facial recognition. I show them on the map\Nhere. The UK Court of Appeal found that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.66,0:10:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automatic facial recognition technology\Nused by the South Wales police was not
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.63,0:10:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lawful. However, elsewhere in the UK, they\Nare still using it. The Metropolitan
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.78,0:10:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Police in London is doing a life facial\Nrecognition throughout the city of London,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.16,0:10:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it contends that the situation is\Ndistinguishable from South Wales. So that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.39,0:10:30.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't apply to them. We'll see how that\Nturns out. There's also been some pressure
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.59,0:10:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the European Commission to put a ban in\Nplace or put restrictions on facial
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.78,0:10:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recognition. And in September, there was a\Nquote from the commissioners saying that
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.61,0:10:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were considering whether we need\Nadditional safeguards or whether we need
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.49,0:10:50.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go further and not allow facial\Nrecognition cases in certain areas or even
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.70,0:10:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,temporarily, which is not a particularly\Nstrong statement. But at least they are
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.58,0:10:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,considering the idea and something that\None can advocate for the United States, a
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.90,0:11:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,number of jurisdictions at the local\Nlevel, cities have put restrictions on
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.15,0:11:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their police departments so they cannot\Nuse facial recognition. It's a growing
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.34,0:11:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,movement. And while a national or\Ninternational law that would limit police
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.32,0:11:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,use of facial recognition would be best\Nfor civil liberties, you can also start at
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.80,0:11:24.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your local level. All right, what we\Nwouldn't be on the police officers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.11,0:11:28.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ourselves, whereelse - vehicles and\Nroadways and this can come up for the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.63,0:11:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vehicles, roadways adjacent to the\Nprotests and within the protests
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.93,0:11:38.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,themselves. So adjacent to the protests is\Nlooking at the exits and entrances to the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.83,0:11:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protest areas. And they may use existing\NANPR or place new ANPR, or ALPR -
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.48,0:11:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automated numberplate reserve called ALPR\Nin the United States. These are cameras.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.45,0:11:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they pointed towards a roadway to\Nwhere cars will be. They are designed to
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.14,0:12:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take a picture, determine what the license\Nplate / number plate is, optical character
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.60,0:12:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resolution. They will eventually...\Nrecognition that will eventually be able
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.69,0:12:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see what it is, check the database and\Nfind out who registered for that car. And
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.20,0:12:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can be uploaded to a central server for\Npolice to search, can add vehicles to a
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.79,0:12:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,watch list. It is a very powerful tool\Nbecause many people are using cars to get
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.30,0:12:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to and from protests. And even if they're\Ngoing in in a group, at least one member
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.19,0:12:36.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the group would have to have the car.\NAnd it has been used to go after someone
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.58,0:12:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after protest. So in this case, it was\Nfrom 11 of years back. A citizen of the UK
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.46,0:12:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,went to a protest and was later pulled\Nover because they had captured the license
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.64,0:12:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plate while the protest added to database\Nand then used that to pull them on. So if
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.74,0:13:00.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is a protest, the police might come\Nin and use a portable number plate reader.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.63,0:13:07.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's some examples of what they might\Nlook like either on a tripod or on a
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.69,0:13:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trailer, and they can set these up\Nbasically anywhere. They would often be
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.76,0:13:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used at the entrance or exit to the zone\Nin which the protesters expected, to see
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.68,0:13:24.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who's coming in, coming out during the\Nprotest time period and try to capture the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.87,0:13:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crowd through their license plates. It\Nalso now becoming more and more common on
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.75,0:13:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police cars. You can see a couple of\Nexamples we have here. One - it shows a
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.39,0:13:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather obvious in the top one, it is a UK\Npolice car. And see, the camera sticks
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.92,0:13:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out, fairly obvious that they have a\Ncamera on the light bar; the lower from
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.08,0:13:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the French police - less obvious, it looks\Nlike an ordinary light bar. You might be
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.60,0:13:59.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,able to tell that it's a little bit\Ndifferent than some other ones, because it
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.80,0:14:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has sort of a funny thing in the center,\Nbut it's a pretty subtle approach. So
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.94,0:14:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's all kinds, they might also be\Nmounted on the hood of a trunk and may be
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.61,0:14:14.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more or less obvious. But take a look\Nat... close and also take a look at what
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.47,0:14:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the police cars behavior. If they are\Ndriving, for example, slowly down the
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.68,0:14:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,street next to a whole bunch of parked\Ncar, as it may be that they are doing
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.96,0:14:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"gridding", a practice known as\N"gridding", where they are looking for
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.05,0:14:32.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capturing every parked car's license plate\Nin a particular zone. Slow and steady in
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.33,0:14:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,order to do that. And then there are the\Nfixed number plate readers, these are
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.28,0:14:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often at traffic lights and intersections\Non the highways, any sort of high speed
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.52,0:14:52.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,toll road will have them. They also are...\Nhere, they're used for other purposes,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.16,0:15:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like to establish fines, to check border\Ncrossings. They are very common fixtures
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.32,0:15:06.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on on roadways. So a protest happens in a\Nzone that already has them. The police
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.11,0:15:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be able to access that information\Nand know who entered or exited that area
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.78,0:15:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to look around. All right, and then within\Nthe protest itself. There may be adding
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.99,0:15:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,additional surveillance capacities, so in\Nthis example, we have a... the Santa Fe
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.10,0:15:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Police Department knew about a protest\Nthat was protesting a statue and some
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.83,0:15:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people would take action to remove the\Nstatue. So in order to capture that
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.49,0:15:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through surveillance, they placed this\Ntrailer, which has a number of camera and
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.98,0:15:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,audio capabilities and just have rolled it\Nin right next to the statue to capture the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.82,0:15:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protest action. And these cameras can come\Nin a variety of forms. In this case we got
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.94,0:16:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,watch towers. Personal controling cameras\Ncan be in the watchtower or they can be
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.96,0:16:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operating remotely. As you can see, they\Nare using a scissor jack to raise it about
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.26,0:16:17.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that van, the other one is an assembly.\NIt's not easy for someone to get in and
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.49,0:16:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of there. So it may have a person, but\Nsomehow inconvenient to actually have a
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.96,0:16:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,person inside these watchtowers, but it's\Nmuch more convenient to use their built-In
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.55,0:16:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surveillance capabilities and remotely\Nobserve the area around the watchtower
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.84,0:16:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with those cameras. And then there also\Npure surveillance units. This is an
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.14,0:16:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,example here showing four cameras raised\Npole and just adding surveillance
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.13,0:16:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capability basically to anywhere. Some of\Nthem are much more complex: thermal
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.16,0:17:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imaging cameras. Thermal imaging often\Ncome from the leading company is FLIR, it
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.89,0:17:09.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stands for "Forward-looking Infrared".\NFLIR system makes a lot of these devices
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.12,0:17:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes them available to police\Ndepartments. Thermal imaging cameras allow
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.58,0:17:17.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the police to be able to conduct\Nsurveillance after dark where the lighting
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.85,0:17:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is poor, where they might not be able to\Nidentify individuals very easily. Instead,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.22,0:17:28.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they can use their heat signature and be\Nable to continue to monitor the protest
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.88,0:17:32.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the lighting conditions are less and\Na lot of things on protest will happen at
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.43,0:17:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,night, candlelight vigils were\Ncommonplace. So police will be looking to
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.78,0:17:42.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thermal imaging to make sure that they\Nhave strong surveillance capabilities
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.11,0:17:49.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after dark. Another thing you might see at\Na protest is an emergency command vehicle.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.59,0:17:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are often massive bus sized vehicles\Nand they do have some surveillance
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.58,0:17:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capabilities. They might have some\Ncameras, but more often they are command
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.27,0:18:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and control. So they are the places where\Nsomebody would be receiving footage from
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.10,0:18:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cameras and operating cameras remotely,\Nlike a communications with another people
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.82,0:18:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the field. They also may have some\Nbuilt in capabilities and they may provide
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.08,0:18:20.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the focal point, were a local connection,\Nthey're getting information from local
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.13,0:18:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devices and then they have the uplink in\Nthe command center. One thing I wanted to
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.00,0:18:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,point out, it's a common misconception or\Nsomething that comes up a lot where people
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.08,0:18:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are concerned about police surveillance,\Nas we'll see an unmarked vehicle or a van
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.71,0:18:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with no windows. It may even have some\Nantennas or satellite. And well that is
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.92,0:18:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,possibly an undercover police vehicle, you\Nshouldn't assume that vehicle belongs to
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.68,0:18:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,law enforcement. That could very easily be\Na news media vehicle. News media also goes
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.23,0:18:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to protests. They also have satellite\Nuplinks and antennas, look very similar.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:58.51,0:19:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in some cases, the media has a\Nsecurity situation there. They're worried
Dialogue: 0,0:19:05.43,0:19:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there may be theft of equipment and\Nthey have unmarked vans. So it is worth
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.87,0:19:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,noting that there is an unmarked vehicle,\Nbut you shouldn't necessarily assume that
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.70,0:19:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is a police unmarked vehicle. Also,\Nsometimes people see especially they see
Dialogue: 0,0:19:21.02,0:19:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some antennas or satellite dish vehicles\Nthat maybe that's were "stingrays". This
Dialogue: 0,0:19:26.45,0:19:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a misconception. Stingrays are pretty\Nsmall and they don't require an external
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.30,0:19:40.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,antenna. You could put a stingray inside a\Ntrunk of a car, maybe it will be a
Dialogue: 0,0:19:40.01,0:19:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,briefcase sized. So it would be unlikely\Nthat if you're going to use a stingray or
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.17,0:19:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar, IMSI-catcher that you would\Nwant to put it in the vehicle. I don't
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.26,0:19:58.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need to put in a vehicle that has its own\Nantenna. There have been not very much
Dialogue: 0,0:19:58.57,0:20:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,documentation of these technologies being\Nused in the US domestic protests. They
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.81,0:20:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been used, we know it, in some\Nprotests and more authoritarian countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.55,0:20:16.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's unclear how often they will are\Nbeing used and they are very dangerous in
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.50,0:20:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the surveillance. So It's aim is\Ncapturing, it is able to determine what
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.70,0:20:25.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cell phones are nearby, get a unique\Nidentifier with that cell phone, and in
Dialogue: 0,0:20:25.61,0:20:29.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many cases be able to use that information\Nto determine while individuals president
Dialogue: 0,0:20:29.86,0:20:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protests. That information has been used\Nafter some protests in Ukraine, for
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.58,0:20:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,example, to send a text message to people\Ntelling them: we're onto you, we know you
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.29,0:20:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were there, which can be very intimidating\Nto individuals. But the challenge is that
Dialogue: 0,0:20:45.28,0:20:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're trying to observe police\Nsurveillance in the protest, it is hard
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.23,0:20:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for you to observe it because they are\Noften hidden. You may be able to find out
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.10,0:20:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more information later through\Ninvestigative journalism or public record
Dialogue: 0,0:20:57.82,0:21:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,requests, or news reports. If somebody is\Nprosecuted using that information, it may
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.44,0:21:09.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become obvious. It is difficult to see it\Nat the protest itself. So next category,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:09.40,0:21:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look it up in the sky. There are lots of\Nforms of aerial surveillance or for the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.09,0:21:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,agencies to surveil protests from above\Nusing traditional aircraft, on board
Dialogue: 0,0:21:21.39,0:21:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pilots and as well as remotely operated\Naerial systems - drones. Law enforcement
Dialogue: 0,0:21:27.41,0:21:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may also use these aerial vehicles to\Ncommunicate with the crowd, to use the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.86,0:21:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,loudspeakers to send a message to the\Ncrowd. Order them to disperse. And we've
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.42,0:21:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seen this actually drones with\Nloudspeakers being used by the German
Dialogue: 0,0:21:40.19,0:21:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police in order to tell people to stay\Napart - Corona That same technology can be
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.79,0:21:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used for protests. And these planes and\Ndrones will often be equipped with high
Dialogue: 0,0:21:51.84,0:21:56.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,definition cameras, capable of either\Nextremely wide angle to get the whole
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.43,0:22:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scene or an extreme zoom where they might\Nbe able to zoom in on a particular person,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:01.64,0:22:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particular license plate, and then use\Nthat data later, partnering that the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:07.47,0:22:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aircraft with license plate recognition,\Nfacial recognition, video analytics and
Dialogue: 0,0:22:12.70,0:22:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even a cell-site simulator inside the\Naircraft. And we know this has happened in
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.15,0:22:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a recent protest in Texas. A Texas police\Ndrone got some footage of a protester
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.00,0:22:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allegedly throwing a water bottle. They\Ntook that video, they took the picture,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:36.27,0:22:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put it out, offered a cash reward, an\Nanonymous tip to turn the kid in and
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.40,0:22:48.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protester was prosecuted. So police are\Ndefinitely using these things to gather
Dialogue: 0,0:22:48.33,0:22:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information at protesters. So a common\Nmethod for a larger police departments is
Dialogue: 0,0:22:55.12,0:22:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fixed-wing aircraft; for smaller ones -\Nthey may use private contractors to
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.85,0:23:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide these fixed-wing aircraft. So this\Nis an example of the kind of plane you use
Dialogue: 0,0:23:05.16,0:23:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a company called Persistent\NSurveillance Systems. It rents out a plane
Dialogue: 0,0:23:08.91,0:23:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this, well not this exact one, you\Nlook up that tail number, it's going to be
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.39,0:23:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a different company. But the same model\Nof the Cessna 207-A. And these will circle
Dialogue: 0,0:23:16.90,0:23:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the protest using their cameras to\Nobserve protesters below. And the
Dialogue: 0,0:23:23.34,0:23:28.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advantage of planes is they can often\Ncircle for quite a long time and provide a
Dialogue: 0,0:23:28.58,0:23:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wide view on the area. Also, helicopters,\Nhelicopters will often be seen hovering
Dialogue: 0,0:23:36.40,0:23:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over a protest, they are a little bit\Neasier to maneuver and be able to go
Dialogue: 0,0:23:41.10,0:23:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,backwards and forwards over the protest\Nthat are used by police to continually
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.34,0:23:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,observe. And we'll use two examples here.\NOne of them from the Oakland Police
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.27,0:23:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Department, the other one from the\NRineland Police Department. In both cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:56.28,0:24:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have a FLIR attached to the\Nhelicopter, a forward looking infrared
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.74,0:24:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would allow them, in addition to\Nregular camera capabilities, to use
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.36,0:24:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thermal imaging to follow someone at a\Nprotest or follow what's going on after
Dialogue: 0,0:24:10.62,0:24:18.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dark. We can also see that some\Nhelicopters will have spotlights, so that
Dialogue: 0,0:24:18.25,0:24:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they can signal to officers on the ground\Nwho to follow, who do pay attention to.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:24.08,0:24:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another thing for both fixed wing and\Nhelicopters: they look for the tail
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.29,0:24:35.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,number. In most jurisdictions, they're\Nrequired to have a tail number visible,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.35,0:24:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you could look up that tail\Nnumber on services like Flight Aware and
Dialogue: 0,0:24:40.23,0:24:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be able to find out further information\Nabout what that plane has been doing, what
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.36,0:24:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the helicopter has been doing, as well as\Nthe ownership. Finally, drones. Drones are
Dialogue: 0,0:24:51.74,0:24:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becoming very commonplace because they're\Ngetting cheaper all the time and having
Dialogue: 0,0:24:56.54,0:25:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,additional capacities; drones are also\Nknown as unmanned aerial vehicles - UAVs;
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.50,0:25:08.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UAS - unmanned aerial systems and a lot of\Npolice departments are getting them for
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.69,0:25:14.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their capabilities using what's called a\Nquadrotor. And they can be controlled by
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.55,0:25:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remote control, have a camera built into\Nthis and be useful for getting above the
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.80,0:25:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scene view. So one way to spot it... well,\Nfirst of all - just listen to it, they
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.47,0:25:30.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make kind of have a distinctive noise,\Nsometimes are really marked as police.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.95,0:25:38.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also look for the pilots operating nearby.\NSo oftentimes a patrol out there,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.44,0:25:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes they are labeled like in the\Nupper left there, it says "police drone
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.22,0:25:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operator" - pretty easy to identify. All\Nthe times they might have like "drone",
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.25,0:25:54.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"UAV", "aviation unit" on their uniform,\Nor a nearby police vehicle. The other
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.11,0:25:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thing is that if you identify a drone,\Nthere're often within line of sight is
Dialogue: 0,0:25:59.57,0:26:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to be the operator. So when do you\Nsee the drone look around and see, if
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.58,0:26:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone has the controls in their hand, is\Nlooking up the drone, you can probably
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.80,0:26:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,identify the operator and go look for\Ninformation that might have uniform about
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.26,0:26:19.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is operating that particular drone.\NBut also, keep in mind, both for drones
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.31,0:26:23.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other aircraft, that it's not\Nnecessarily the police. Journalists and
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.96,0:26:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,activists will often fly drones over\Nprotest, news helicopters for a large
Dialogue: 0,0:26:29.63,0:26:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protests are going to be more common than\Npolice helicopters. And many times they
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.63,0:26:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are labeled with picture of the BBC News\NCopter. But this means that just as you
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.22,0:26:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see a helicopter that has both a camera\Nand is flying over the protest, that does
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.13,0:26:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not necessarily mean that it's a police\Nhelicopter. Also, the technology, which is
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.98,0:27:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually not very commonplace outside of\Nprotests in war zones, but - the
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.38,0:27:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Dronekiller" technology, which is\Nbasically a real gun that knocks drones
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.69,0:27:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of the sky, sending radio signals to\Ninterfere with the drones operation and
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.32,0:27:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cause it to fall and crash. These have\Nbeen used in Iraq and Afghanistan and the
Dialogue: 0,0:27:18.81,0:27:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology could be certainly used, but we\Nreally haven't seen it used more freely.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:23.31,0:27:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just wanted to tell you about it\Nbecause... oh, my God, Dronekillers. All
Dialogue: 0,0:27:27.79,0:27:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right, last place to look for police\Ntechnology - in the environment around
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.79,0:27:38.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you. There will be in many places camera\Nnetworks. So a lot of the cameras will see
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.99,0:27:46.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a neighborhood will be private cameras,\Nwill be police cameras, will be cameras
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.35,0:27:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being used by city, non police agencies.\NThat can be a lot of cameras. This also
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.68,0:27:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,means that you're trying to observe what\Ncameras are going on. There's too much
Dialogue: 0,0:27:56.10,0:27:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information. There'll be so many cameras\Nin many areas that you could spend all
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.78,0:28:03.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your time documenting, observing the\Ncameras and these other things. So you
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.75,0:28:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might not want to spend all your time\Npaying attention to that, because you can
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.31,0:28:11.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go back later at any point and see the\Nfixed cameras. But there are a couple of
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.54,0:28:17.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things that... first, identifying them for\Ntwo different brands to identify. But
Dialogue: 0,0:28:17.32,0:28:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's some information about the kinds of\Ncameras that are available. Bullet cameras
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.86,0:28:25.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are directional, so you can sort of see\Nwhich way it's pointing and what it would
Dialogue: 0,0:28:25.54,0:28:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be covering from that. Then you have dome\Ncameras, which are designed, so you can't
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.26,0:28:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see which way it's pointing, or at least\Nyou can see maybe some of this area one
Dialogue: 0,0:28:34.53,0:28:38.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hundred and eighty degrees. But the exact\Ndirection is pointing is obscured by the
Dialogue: 0,0:28:38.87,0:28:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dome. Pan-Tilt-Zoom cameras can change\Nwhich way they're pointing. They can
Dialogue: 0,0:28:46.27,0:28:51.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes be coupled with a dome camera so\Nthat the dome camera can both change the
Dialogue: 0,0:28:51.89,0:28:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,way it's looking and obscure which way its\Nlooking. Thermal imaging cameras and ALPR
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.88,0:29:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cameras are also becoming a fixed\Nlocations and we are all having to do with
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.45,0:29:10.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traffic control. Thermal is actually not\Nas common. That is mostly used as a
Dialogue: 0,0:29:10.22,0:29:20.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology that is vehicles, is kind of\Nexpensive. But in this case, the picture
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.11,0:29:25.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shown is a thermal imaging camera. So\Nsometimes people will go to that
Dialogue: 0,0:29:25.32,0:29:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,additional expense. And one subcategory of\Nall the cameras that are environment are
Dialogue: 0,0:29:31.83,0:29:37.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to be police observation devices, so\Nthe category of sets of sensors which are
Dialogue: 0,0:29:37.15,0:29:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operated by the police and they may\Nincluded multiple cameras, gunshot
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.80,0:29:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,detection, facial recognition. For\Nexample, in the United Kingdom, say in the
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.02,0:29:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,city of London, is doing live facial\Nrecognition as a police observation
Dialogue: 0,0:29:53.50,0:29:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devices are a collection of these cameras\Nin one location. Sometimes they're marked
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.27,0:30:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as police, sometimes they are not. And\Nthere is the way you would suspect that
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.86,0:30:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a police observation device is - if\Nit has a lot of different sensors in one
Dialogue: 0,0:30:12.80,0:30:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,location trying to cover the whole ground\Naround, then that is the kind of thing you
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.76,0:30:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would see most frequently from a police\Noffice image. And then finally, Smart
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.52,0:30:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Street Lights. The Smart Street Lights\Nhave a number of wonderful applications.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.29,0:30:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some initiatives like in the US Smart\NCities and the EU E-Street Initiative are
Dialogue: 0,0:30:33.85,0:30:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exploiting cities to use more Smart Street\NLights, because they could turn down the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:38.08,0:30:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,power usage when the light is less needed.\NAnd there's some advance towards a project
Dialogue: 0,0:30:44.27,0:30:50.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the Arnold University of Applied\NSciences has a technology, which will use
Dialogue: 0,0:30:50.04,0:30:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,motion detection, sound detection. Being\Nable to tell that there are people walking
Dialogue: 0,0:30:55.31,0:31:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nearby and brighten their path. Sounds\Ngreat. But the same kind of technology
Dialogue: 0,0:31:00.41,0:31:06.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being able to detect motion, being able to\Nhave audio signals, video signals - can be
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.17,0:31:10.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used for surveillance. So here on the\Nslide we show the smart lighting
Dialogue: 0,0:31:10.39,0:31:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capabilities being advertised by Intel. In\Naddition to some things that you might
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.35,0:31:23.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expect, like being able to adjusted for\Ntraffic patterns, provide when needed.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.39,0:31:26.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They talk about crime\Ninvestigations, monitor parking
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.01,0:31:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,violations, safety announcements that are\Ncoming from the smart cameras. So all of
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.36,0:31:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these technologies are possible and\Nhopefully this will not become a
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.90,0:31:40.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commonplace use. But if it is, it would\Nmean that a surveillance device is
Dialogue: 0,0:31:40.44,0:31:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everywhere along every street where\Nthey're putting these devices. Wich
Dialogue: 0,0:31:45.30,0:31:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lightning the city you are lightning the\Ncity with surveillance. So has it been
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.48,0:31:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used? Yes. The city of San Diego had a\Nnumber of protests surrounding the protest
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.48,0:32:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around George Floyd, and they used these\Nthirty five times. They searched
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.74,0:32:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information gathered through the Smart\NStreet Light Network for evidence in
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.63,0:32:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,criminal cases coming out of that protest.\NSo what additional resources are there?
Dialogue: 0,0:32:16.35,0:32:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's plenty of additional resources, if\Nyou wanted to try to read more - and I
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.44,0:32:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,encourage you to take this only as a\Nstarting point for a lot more to learn. So
Dialogue: 0,0:32:22.83,0:32:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll start out with a very important\Nresource. If you're someone who's going to
Dialogue: 0,0:32:25.86,0:32:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go, whether as an activist, as a\Nprotester, as a journalist, you should
Dialogue: 0,0:32:30.26,0:32:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prepare yourself for some surveillance\Nself defense: at ssd.eff.org we have an
Dialogue: 0,0:32:38.14,0:32:43.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Attending a Protest" guide. Go there and\Nlearn important tips on protecting
Dialogue: 0,0:32:43.22,0:32:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yourself when you're going to protests.\NPut your device with fulldesk encryption:
Dialogue: 0,0:32:48.20,0:32:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a strong unique password, turning off the\Nbiometric unlock, use end-to-end
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.24,0:32:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,encryption for messages and calls, walking\Nor taking a bicycle to get to the protest,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:58.96,0:33:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of a vehicle, which couldn't be\Nsubjected to a ANPR / ALPR device. Wear a
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.48,0:33:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mask, you should wear a mask for Covid\Nanyway. But if you wear a mask, get a big:
Dialogue: 0,0:33:11.17,0:33:16.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the larger the mask, the more it protects\Nyou. There is also recently a study that
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.53,0:33:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed that they're making efforts to try\Nto make facial recognition continue on
Dialogue: 0,0:33:24.80,0:33:30.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite people's use of masks. And there\Nwas a study that showed that red and black
Dialogue: 0,0:33:30.27,0:33:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,masks were harder for the AI to be able to\Ndetermine who was behind the mask. So wear
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.73,0:33:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a red or black mask. If you get one that\Ncovers more of your face like a bandana,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.88,0:33:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's going to be harder for the facial\Nrecognition algorithms. So do some things
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.02,0:33:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to protect yourself, both from Covid and\Nfrom surveillance. If you want to also
Dialogue: 0,0:33:53.07,0:33:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just practice it out, you can go to our\NSpot the Surveillance. This is an online
Dialogue: 0,0:33:59.33,0:34:05.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,program, you can do the desktop version or\Nvirtual reality version, where it places
Dialogue: 0,0:34:05.79,0:34:11.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you in a virtual street corner with some\Nsurveillance devices nearby. And you can
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.42,0:34:15.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look around and try to identify all of the\Nsurveillance devices that you see. It
Dialogue: 0,0:34:15.65,0:34:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,takes just a few minutes to go through the\Nexercise, but it's a good way to practice
Dialogue: 0,0:34:21.30,0:34:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your skills and identify what surveillance\Nmight be around on the street. And if you
Dialogue: 0,0:34:27.95,0:34:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to get a lot more information about\Nany of these devices, go to EFF Street-
Dialogue: 0,0:34:34.38,0:34:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Level Surveillance project: eff.org/sls -\Nstreet level surveillance. This will
Dialogue: 0,0:34:40.22,0:34:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide more detailed information about\Nvarious technologies that are in use. That
Dialogue: 0,0:34:46.08,0:34:50.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be a good starting point, especially\Nif you found out what is being used in
Dialogue: 0,0:34:50.40,0:34:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your jurisdiction. Go there and find out\Nmore about it. And you can also find out
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.91,0:35:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just what is going on more generally with\Nthese kinds of technologies: eff.org/sls.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.32,0:35:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right. Well, thank you. That comes to\Nthe close of my talk. Thank you for
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.86,0:35:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turning in. And now let me turn it over to\Nmy future self for Q&A. Thanks you.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:19.18,0:35:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Welcome back. Thanks so much Kurt.\NNow we have some time for questions and
Dialogue: 0,0:35:29.02,0:35:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's getting more and more. I'm just\Nhurrying up. OK, are there devices, apps
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.38,0:35:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or services developed or run by private\Ncompanies and who makes sure the data is
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.06,0:35:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not directly sold to third parties?\NKurt: So, yes, there are private networks.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.05,0:35:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the things we talked about just\Nnow is there's a lot of private camera
Dialogue: 0,0:35:49.90,0:35:54.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,networks that are providing information to\Nthe police, sometimes private networks
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.34,0:35:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going through a registry where police from\Norganizers ask people to volunteer, put
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.16,0:36:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their information into a registry. So they\Nare sort of explicitly saying they're
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.73,0:36:06.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to turn over their information to\Nthe police or other things like Amazon's
Dialogue: 0,0:36:06.59,0:36:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ring camera. They have been promoting it\Nas a antitheft tool, trying to stop
Dialogue: 0,0:36:11.70,0:36:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,package stuff stolen from doors. But this\Nalso is creating a panopticon of
Dialogue: 0,0:36:16.46,0:36:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone's doorbell camera. If they're all\Nusing ring will be provided... get the
Dialogue: 0,0:36:22.72,0:36:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video and will provide it to the police.\NSo and many of these organizations, you
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.26,0:36:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know, if they're larger than they will\Nhave some some privacy practices, probably
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.06,0:36:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,policies. But by and large, they will talk\Nabout the privacy of the person who owns
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.33,0:36:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the marketplace and not really consider\Nthe bystanders, the people walking by. So
Dialogue: 0,0:36:43.58,0:36:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have a doorbell camera at your\Nfront door that can hear audio, so maybe
Dialogue: 0,0:36:48.40,0:36:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone could ring your bell and say\Nhello. It will also capture people walking
Dialogue: 0,0:36:52.26,0:37:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by and those people's privacy is important\Nto be considered.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:00.08,0:37:06.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: All right, then we have: what hope\Ndo we have against all this, which best
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.39,0:37:11.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,case legal countermeasures do we have by\Nbeen attending protests? And the another
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.33,0:37:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one, which I would connect directly: is it\Npossible to intervene against surveillance
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.76,0:37:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on laws or presumption of innocence?\NKurt: Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:21.44,0:37:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: I don't know if German laws are\Nmeant, but maybe you still can say
Dialogue: 0,0:37:26.06,0:37:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something?\NKurt: Well, I mean, so there's many
Dialogue: 0,0:37:28.06,0:37:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different laws that might be an issue. I\Nmean, we have an international audience
Dialogue: 0,0:37:32.58,0:37:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here, but I think there are some also\Nbasic human rights principles that apply
Dialogue: 0,0:37:35.92,0:37:41.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to many jurisdictions. But I would say\Nactually one of the most effective tools
Dialogue: 0,0:37:41.01,0:37:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to push back against this kind of police\Nsurveillance is working locally with the,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:44.88,0:37:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like, a city, the mayor, the city council\Nand a number of locations have passed
Dialogue: 0,0:37:52.27,0:37:56.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rules about what their police can do\Nagainst their citizens. So putting
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.18,0:38:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,limitations on what police can do at the\Nlocal level, where your activities in the
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.45,0:38:06.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,city, which you live, taking things to\Nyour representative government and saying
Dialogue: 0,0:38:06.55,0:38:10.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to have some limitations on this,\Nwe need to have it within civilian
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.97,0:38:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,controls for the police themselves are not\Ndeciding what technologies to use, but it
Dialogue: 0,0:38:14.88,0:38:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has to pass through an elected\Nrepresentative. And I think that is
Dialogue: 0,0:38:17.76,0:38:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably one of the most effective ways to\Nat least start change where you live. But
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.33,0:38:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can also try and promote that to your\Nnational legislature, state legislatures,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:27.46,0:38:32.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go up several levels. And one of the\Nthings that I hope comes out of this
Dialogue: 0,0:38:32.67,0:38:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guide, where people getting more\Ninformation about what kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.90,0:38:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surveillance is available, so that they\Ncan go to their representatives, go
Dialogue: 0,0:38:38.57,0:38:42.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the political process with the\Ninformation of what tool use something
Dialogue: 0,0:38:42.78,0:38:48.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they have drawn a line about. Go to\Nyour representative and say we need to
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.21,0:38:52.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make sure that the information that\Nthey're gathered is being used in a manner
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.17,0:38:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consistent with human rights principles.\NAnd we need civilian control from the
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.30,0:39:00.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,local government on how to do.\NHerald: Who's controlling the controler
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.55,0:39:13.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instances, yes. We have more questions.\NOK, so the police operate equipment like
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.97,0:39:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ANPR-reader IMSI-Catcher etc. , that get\Ninformation that they could get in a
Dialogue: 0,0:39:17.68,0:39:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cheaper way, like reading traffic signs or\Nlicense plates, or cell info from
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.02,0:39:33.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operators. And is there a reason for that?\NEspecially concerning EU, because US
Dialogue: 0,0:39:33.71,0:39:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,differs a lot. And another question: has\Npolice in EU, US been known to use illegal
Dialogue: 0,0:39:42.28,0:39:49.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or questionable tech for surveillance?\NKurt: So I think on the first question
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.80,0:39:57.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about using things like ANPR to determine\Nlicense plates, this technology is common
Dialogue: 0,0:39:57.19,0:40:03.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the European Union, though by and large\Nit is being put in place for other
Dialogue: 0,0:40:03.21,0:40:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reasons, not to get the protesters\Nnecessarily. They are looking for, you
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.37,0:40:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know, making sure that people are paying a\Ntoll or might be a speed trap on the
Dialogue: 0,0:40:12.41,0:40:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,autobahn, where it takes a picture of the\Nlicense plate of anyone traveling over a
Dialogue: 0,0:40:17.43,0:40:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speed limit - in the places that have\Nspeed limits on the part of the autobahn.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.65,0:40:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think also it's being used for\Nenforcement of things like traffic
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.77,0:40:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,citations: your cars parked on location\Ntoo long. They know who to send the bill
Dialogue: 0,0:40:33.92,0:40:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to. And I think these technologies could\Nbe repurposed for surveillance. And that's
Dialogue: 0,0:40:41.12,0:40:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we really need, is policies that are\Nensuring that if these things are being
Dialogue: 0,0:40:45.22,0:40:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used for a purpose, that the sort of the\Ncitizenship agrees with in that
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.74,0:40:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jurisdiction to enforce parking, for\Nexample, that is not also being repurposed
Dialogue: 0,0:40:54.10,0:40:59.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against political activities and being\Nused at a wider scale than it was
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.29,0:41:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,envisioned. Also, maybe, you know, it's\Nnot a good thing to have perfect parking
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.81,0:41:08.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enforcement, you know, a lot of parking\Nfines were based on the notion that, like,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:08.29,0:41:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you might not get caught every time and\Nwhen you change it, a system where
Dialogue: 0,0:41:12.65,0:41:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,previously the fines were set with the\Nnotion that a lot of people would get away
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.40,0:41:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with it.. to I do, like, to make an\Nexample of those who didn't. And then you
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.72,0:41:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changed that to perfect enforcement\Nbecause the computer, the ANPR system,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.60,0:41:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surveillance knows exactly the minute that\Na fine is due and then assesses that fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.26,0:41:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That actually changes the dynamic of power\Nbetween citizenship and the state
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.93,0:41:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,significantly. And it will all be freeze\Nand forms of well, we're just trying to
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.63,0:41:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enforce the existing laws. How could you\Nbe against that? But really, it changes
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.38,0:41:45.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dynamic. And it's something that for\Nthose who want to be an activist on this,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:45.88,0:41:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again, talk to your local jurisdiction and\Ntry and make sure that these things have
Dialogue: 0,0:41:49.85,0:41:52.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,safe and sane policies that respect human\Nrights.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:52.79,0:42:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: So I would interpret that like\Nprevention of... don't come on the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:42:01.15,0:42:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you need to to protect your data,\Nright? Fun.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:05.64,0:42:09.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kurt: And just turning to the another one.\NDo we have information about whether
Dialogue: 0,0:42:09.65,0:42:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police are misusing these technologies?\NSo, I mean, there's some isolated examples
Dialogue: 0,0:42:14.62,0:42:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where people have misused their\Ntechnologies. And I use a couple of them
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.46,0:42:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the slides. And there was someone who\Nwent to a political protest. Their car was
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.33,0:42:29.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put into a database to get pulled over\Nlater. And then also in South Wales, the
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.56,0:42:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,court found that there the police use of\Nfacial recognition was in violation of UK
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.84,0:42:42.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,law, though, as I noted, not the\NMetropolitan Police in London don't agree
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.03,0:42:45.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with that. They say it doesn't apply to\Nthem. And I think actually use of facial
Dialogue: 0,0:42:45.45,0:42:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recognition technologies is a very\Ntempting thing by police. They want to use
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.85,0:42:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it as much as possible, make it easy for\Nthem. And I think you will see that. But
Dialogue: 0,0:42:56.30,0:43:01.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the other piece of this is unless there\Nare rules that say here are limitations on
Dialogue: 0,0:43:01.31,0:43:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how you can use these technologies and\Nthey can use them without having to risk
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.51,0:43:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,violating them. So we need to have those\Nrules in place. I hope that the Council of
Dialogue: 0,0:43:11.43,0:43:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Europe puts at least a moratorium on\Nfacial recognition for use for police. And
Dialogue: 0,0:43:17.27,0:43:22.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until we can figure out how to use this\Ntechnology safely, it's kind of cool that
Dialogue: 0,0:43:22.84,0:43:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can unlock your phone in your face\Nwithout having to type in a password,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:25.68,0:43:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but... we want to make sure that\Ntechnology is used properly.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.09,0:43:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: OK, so I think you're going to be\Naround in the 2D world. You're going to
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.24,0:43:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explore that, you've told me before. Yeah,\Nthere's more questions. I hope maybe you
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.25,0:43:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find him in the 2D world and you just ask\Nhim there. Thanks so much. Thanks so much.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.46,0:43:52.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very nice having you. Bye Kurt.\NKurt: Bye.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:52.70,0:43:52.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}rC3 postroll music{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:43:52.75,0:44:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Subtitles created by c3subtitles.de\Nin the year 2021. Join, and help us!