1 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 0:15 so 0:16 today we want to talk to you about the role of technology in society 0:22 in the longer arc have human history 0:26 Tom would like to take it would like you all to take a couple things away from 0:31 this talk 0:32 om the 0:36 interaction between a piece of technology into pieces and 0:40 and society is rarely settled in 0:43 you know two or three years or ten years we're still as a society just barely 0:48 learning how to use 0:49 email I if you think even in the past five or 10 years 0:53 the way emails used in professional context has changed radically we don't 0:57 really know what it means yet 0:58 am we think we have a reasonable understanding of how you use an 1:04 auditorium 1:05 we figured that one out mostly are 1:09 the other thing we'd like to talk about here and we'd like you to take away from 1:14 here 1:14 is that welke culture 1:18 kind of grew up is an outsider culture 1:21 that changed on it's at the heart of politics in the heart of social 1:25 movements now 1:26 because it's the hard how we communicate now geek culture and and hacker culture 1:33 used to be relatively apolitical 1:35 but now every action that you take and every piece of code that you ride 1:40 has political effects now you may intend somebody's a fact you may not intend to 1:45 master these are facts 1:46 but there there and we need to start thinking about and understanding these 1:51 changes 1:51 and this is a change that's happened in our lifetimes so 1:57 Quinn is mostly a kind in coherent lenders 2:03 anti-capitalist anarchism in California libertarianism 2:07 in l.a is marxists in the quest presumably with blood on our hands 2:11 but says she likes me a lot she's promised me six minutes notice on the 2:15 purge before it happens I get a head start 2:17 I'm despite the political party the stalk 2:22 this talk is not about our politics I it not about what 2:26 Allah or I want you to do it's about what we've learned from examining 2:31 the network a fact that we live with now on 2:34 because fundamentally and many have you recognize this the fundamentally 2:39 and architecture how the politics and it has a culture 2:44 and while we were all kind of sitting around in 2:48 our culture and Usenet in the nineties or wherever we got our start 2:52 kinda being like ellis et outsiders 2:55 the world pivoted it changed and surrounded us and put us at the heart 3:00 these matters and so whatever you 3:03 one to do politically what we're gonna be talking about 3:08 is the framework of the politics that technology is creating 3:11 around the world right now sOooo 3:17 10 the one other really 3:20 interesting structures in the world right now that we spend a lot of time 3:23 dealing with our state's 3:24 states have a couple a very basic things that they require to be able to interact 3:29 with the world 3:30 they need to be able to see their territory and the people who live in 3:35 that territory 3:36 if they're going to be able to interact with them and 3:40 this is this is simply a truth that applies to anything 3:43 to any time where someone needs to interact with the thing 3:46 if you can't perceive a thing you can't interact with it 3:50 am this map here's the plan city of Brasilia 3:53 which is the a city that was built 3:56 to be legible to be understandable to the state the notion that a state should 4:01 if nothing else even if it can't understand all the rest of its territory 4:04 all over each other cities it should be able to understand the city 4:08 from which it governs um of course 4:12 I don't know how many if you're familiar with the actual city of Brasilia 4:16 but it doesn't look much like what's indicated on that map 4:20 reality has kind of come back in and gotten about a lot messier again 4:25 so a lot of the time com the ability of a state 4:29 to see its citizens and to see its train is actually a very very good thing 4:34 this is the snow map which founded modern epidemiology at a map of cholera 4:39 deaths and London 4:40 around a particular while when they didn't understand 4:44 that com water and that the cholera was spread through water 4:48 arm this map 4:51 told us things about human disease transmission 4:55 that have saved at least tens of millions of lives 5:00 and this is a former surveillance 5:03 sometimes this is a bad thing this is a map that the city of Amsterdam prepared 5:08 from their very complete census records 5:11 up where all the Jews were in Amsterdam for the nazis 5:18 during the process as 5:21 kind of the societal adjustments following the revolution in France 5:25 arm and this was actually wanted the demands leading up to the revolution 5:28 from certain sectors the society 5:30 com the a revolutionary government has continued under Napoleon 5:36 standardized on the metric system am 5:39 one of the things that this did was that it he's a lot of the burdens on farmers 5:44 who 5:44 we're having to deal with incompatible local unit systems 5:48 being used to basically rip them off from what they should have earned a net 5:51 profits 5:52 but it also laid the groundwork for tax standardization 5:57 and for central control arm to paraphrase 6:01 shutter beyond what he said at the time you know if someone's using the metric 6:05 system 6:06 that their narc in other words you know that if someone is using the metric 6:10 system they work for the government they work for the order that is attempting 6:13 to impose legibility on society 6:17 interested Quinn in the fourth century BC 6:21 no relation the a 6:24 the Emperor decided that imposing 6:27 surnames on the population was a good idea 6:30 on they needed to be able to 6:33 I construct people for labor and for the military they needed to be able to tax 6:38 people 6:39 and they needed to be able to apply laws to families 6:42 I now many the ruling families in this is true throughout the world 6:46 in places where names have been have been put into force not been imposed on 6:51 people 6:52 many the ruling families already had surnames were frequent hatch to wear 6:55 that lived her 6:56 or where they ruled on the common people had all sorts of different ways and 6:59 being known 7:01 and if you imagine you've got a dozen different ways that you can be named 7:05 and you might have some reasons to not want to be 7:09 legible to the state this is very very convenient for you 7:13 so assigning patrons was away as changing that power structure 7:18 and along the way it may have also changed some other power structures in 7:21 the family 7:22 it's not clear but one of the things that 7:25 they attempted to do was to make the arm 7:29 rested the to make the head of a family responsible for all the action to the 7:33 rest to the family 7:34 which you could reasonably see might have some arm 7:38 some cultural shifts now this is really interesting because it shows that the 7:43 vision and the state has consequences 7:45 when the state looks at the world it makes things fall into the box is that 7:50 it's measuring 7:51 even if they didn't before in other words 7:54 networks weird legibility 7:58 cell I'm i this is i think have a controversial statement in this room 8:03 right now 8:03 but I think that surveillance is actually a form of human concern 8:08 human attention in human concern and 8:12 and surveillance is what we do when we care about something 8:16 I at some times that care takes positive forms 8:20 got coming back to the collar map I sometimes 8:23 it allows us to build infrastructure that works for a lot of people sometimes 8:28 it allows us 8:29 to prevent disease and feed children and so on and so forth 8:32 and sometimes it's used for political control it's always used in some way 8:37 I have concern and like technology 8:41 and many political qualities it is neither good nor bad doors in Utah 8:44 excuse me who on and 8:48 and I think that some when things we have to bear in mind in this particular 8:51 age of surveillance 8:53 and is that to in many ways 8:57 surveillance is a small touches that we do on each other surveillance is when we 9:00 check up on each other and stuff like that 9:03 so finding a way to cast that's where we can reclaim the positive 9:06 and suppress the negative is I think much more the task then to fight all 9:10 surveillance 9:11 it's a much more subtle question then it would seem right now 9:14 on but when we talk about this kinda vision of the state 9:17 the status watcher the state as some as arbiter money for instance 9:22 the news cycle we have right now if we want to take it back 9:26 all the way to I for century BC China 9:29 this isn't this all makes more sense 9:32 now it makes sense that that nations are trying to get all the information they 9:36 can 9:37 because they're trying again to make their world legible 9:41 and when they get all that information they're putting into categories that 9:45 they perceive 9:46 are meaningful and 9:49 and that means destroying by ignoring the ones that are 9:53 I think one thing that's really useful about reading this history is it gives 9:56 you a measure of prediction 9:58 on what states are gonna wanna do with technology 10:01 they want to keep tabs on their people for good and bad reasons and there's 10:04 always both good and bad reasons I'm 10:08 and they want to take the power 10:11 that they get by being the state and use it to mold 10:16 the country that they're in that has been 10:20 a tremendously progressive force in history and a tremendously destructive 10:24 one but it still comes from the same fundamental 10:27 impulse and this is why it's really easy for me to stand up and say 10:31 a statement always spy on its people as much as they possibly can 10:35 because Steve always have not just to maintain their power but just to 10:39 maintain 10:40 the ability to control consequences which is a point that will return to 10:45 later 10:46 so we're in an on time history and i wanna actually rollback 10:50 to I am another moment in history 10:53 introduce you for two William Tindal from the 16th century 10:58 and Tindal I'm had to flee one day from his native England 11:03 and he never set foot in England again he died outside England 11:07 up because he decided to translate it said would you wanna do with translate 11:11 the Bible into English 11:13 now centuries before this this was always a contentious issue 11:17 translated the Bible into the local language I it was generally in Latin 11:21 I'm at centuries before this Pope Innocent the third had 11:25 had essentially and sentenced to death 11:29 people that would try to do something like this he 11:32 the lady was never even to touch the Bible it was to be interpreted and 11:36 handed down 11:37 from on high by the church because the church 11:41 with the people who have the knowledge to understand it it was a top-down 11:45 picture and Tindal was part of a movement 11:48 they wanted people to be able to take control of their own Christianity 11:52 he was opposed by as Sir Thomas More 11:55 now Saint Thomas More I'm who believed that 11:59 the church was necessary to keep order if this is sounding a bit Hobbesian 12:03 that's because it is a hot team today and it is one that we are still kinda 12:07 I too would like in the third activists I used to think this is a good metaphor 12:11 for where we are now but actually I think this is just the same thing going 12:13 on 12:14 so more in 10 Dale got into a huge fight 12:18 and more was on the runner's high today was on the run more worse 12:22 was sitting with p.m. henry the eighth and they got into 12:26 a big argument and this argument spanned con the continent 12:30 at various points about whether or not the Bible should be in English 12:34 and people should be able to interpret their own religion 12:37 on and of course that got started because this guy 12:41 at Martin Luther who created up and shove 12:44 at the season staple them to door and then and then sent them all around the 12:48 continent 12:50 again nothing on this list above church reforms that Luther in 10 day on the 12:55 whole crew wanted were new 12:57 not thing was new what was new was a if you were 13:00 Martin Luther you wanted to say the church needs to reform and you gonna 13:03 force 13:04 and to go tell people that that's what you believed the church would burden you 13:09 I but something had changed and this is also how 13:13 Tindal and I mean it this the statement 13:17 10 they all ran away and then they had a fight for years 13:20 doesn't make any sense to most people in that area 13:23 and it just sounds assumed to us because I've a communication technology in this 13:27 case that communication technology 13:29 on is the printing press 13:33 I'm so on Luther was able to put out as they fight the cysts it 13:38 safely with patron in Germany and say the church need to reform 13:43 and the church dedication to be like could you send them from eating and he's 13:46 like 13:46 I'll stay here in Germany it's fine and I'm 13:51 and no originally though the printing press 13:55 had been a huge to love the church 13:58 the more the biggest customers a printing 14:01 am not just to print bibles but also standardize the interpretation of the 14:06 religion everywhere they could print things out send them 14:08 out all Europe and gain control 14:11 and again legibility on their religion make sure that everybody had the right 14:15 materials 14:17 that there was no corruption in them and spread them everywhere 14:20 and that went on for a few years and then the dissidents got a hold of this 14:23 technology 14:24 and it turned out they could do the same thing the church could do 14:28 so the big question hanging over the 16th century 14:31 was was the printing press going to reform the Catholic Church 14:36 well in fact the printing press reformed 14:40 everything on the planet and possibly few things of the plaque 14:46 so they didn't even have a language to ask the right question 14:52 for the undertaking that they were embarking on 14:59 so Tindal and more were two threads inside one institutional power 15:05 but there are a lot of kinds of power in society not just one 15:09 arm the church has waned in authority 15:13 capitalism was in many ways just getting started this was the birth at the East 15:16 India 15:17 company this was the birth a mercantilism in that same era 15:22 on but the power guns in the power of money and the power of God 15:25 are just three different kinds of power and they'll let you do different kinds 15:29 of things they're not 15:31 commence herbal with each other they don't act on each other they don't 15:35 act on themselves if you have a pile of money that doesn't lessen 15:39 necessarily let you directly influence 15:42 what someone else who has a pile of money wants to do now 15:46 you can maybe take away their money or 15:49 force them to do something else because you bought the thing that they were 15:52 trying to buy first 15:54 om but there's a lot of subtlety here in terms of how 15:58 power acts and this is one of the things that 16:03 seems to be occasionally getting missed while we talk about 16:07 oh we need to force states to do such and such we need to stop States from 16:11 doing such-and-such 16:13 you know there's this a you know all corporate surveillance is the worst 16:17 thing oh 16:18 state surveillance the worst thing other different things and they may be 16:21 problematic in different ways all power needs to be able to see the world in a 16:26 balloon 16:27 in order to act whether you are a state for a corporation or church 16:32 you need your own kind and legibility and your own kind of surveillance 16:36 whether that means figuring out if the people in all the villages are showing 16:41 up in church on Sundays 16:43 and whether or not they're doing any of these things that might be indicative 16:46 have any at these various heresies 16:49 that you keep hearing about well let's go burn some people and find out 16:53 or whether it just means that I need to be able to set cookies in your browser 16:57 and figure out what kind of porn you like that's the same operation but for 17:02 very different reasons 17:05 states are panicking right now there 17:09 acting the way they are because they're panicked 17:12 and there's nothing that can cause the consequence very and it used to be that 17:16 consequence ferry was a very staid creature 17:19 and it would sort of you know floats slowly around the room analyte 17:23 on the shoulders have had to state and popes and bishops 17:27 and you know capitalists and say your 17:30 actions matter in the world you're an important person 17:34 and at some point in the past 20 or so years the consequence very got drunk 17:38 and now the country is kinda flitting around the room doing 17:41 matter in you matter in you matter 17:45 and everybody else is like what the fuck how do we even deal with this because we 17:49 don't know how 17:51 because our legibility 17:54 min you know like the world hasn't changed the stuff that we pullin is 17:58 still the same thing 17:59 but it doesn't mean what it used to mean we can't interpret it anymore 18:03 so one of the things we're seeing right now is we're staying States 18:07 desperately trying to hang onto not their ability to surveilled but their 18:10 ability to understand 18:12 but those don't look different from the outside 18:15 arm rule of law was never intended 18:18 to operate in a state of exception in this is one of the things which is very 18:21 interesting 18:23 if we talk about rule of law as a response 18:26 to unrestricted surveillance or to any other other problems in the world right 18:29 now 18:30 arm a state of exception and a set of rules law are 18:34 defined opposites com we now live 18:37 in a state of permanent but neither pervasive nor complete 18:42 exception and this complicates 18:46 all responses within systems 18:51 sue on a personal level things have gotten weird to 18:57 om positional Essex 19:00 is basically what happens when you join an institution when you join our 19:05 organization 19:05 when you join a network that network or that institution 19:09 has a set of ethics that are attached to it 19:12 and when you operate with in that institution 19:16 you take on some of those ethics you be calmer 19:19 the person that does the thing that the institution 19:23 needs to do in the world om now 19:26 this is not complete this is this is definitely not total 19:30 arm infrastructure does this tune this is a really interesting thing 19:34 for all of us you build communications infrastructure in the world 19:37 infrastructure has an ethics now in a lot of cases 19:40 right now that ethics is actively suicidal 19:43 we're dealing with suicidal infrastructure that we're embedded 19:46 inside 19:48 and we cannot b.com non suicidal ourselves entirely 19:53 because we're still tied into that infrastructure 19:56 we can only become in some ways 20:00 sensible are human and humane again if we get outside that infrastructure but 20:04 we can't because that's what one society 20:07 um things in our lives can sometimes override 20:11 positional FX and and this is where our friend Walter really comes in right 20:15 you know if you have kids 20:18 all of a sudden you realize I'll I will do anything 20:22 to feed these kids it doesn't matter what I thought my world used to be 20:27 my world is no different on 20:30 and one of the things that's really interesting about life in the network 20:34 society 20:35 is that we don't just have a single set of ethics we don't just have a single 20:38 context anymore 20:40 on we may find that we wake up in the morning and we go to work 20:44 and we work on systems upstate or corporate control all day 20:48 and then we go home and we do other work to undermine the exact same systems 20:54 %uh control that we were working to build all day and we are literally 20:57 fighting ourselves 21:01 that is one of the conditions the next century 21:10 so one other reasons that that institutions are freaking out right now 21:14 is because this network that were on makes people 21:18 weird and actually I like this particular networks weird people 21:22 in almost like the high medieval cents they almost make people have a fame 21:27 magic to them and all the sudden one person can become many people on the 21:31 network 21:31 and that legibility that several thousand years a 21:35 getting a last name on you people is suddenly gone because you just invented 21:39 15 new people 21:41 today and a ten thousand if you read a scripted 21:45 and all the sudden the other 21:48 the thing that the that power has a grip on 21:52 has a bearded in that classic its its totally fallen buffet and uncontrollable 21:56 magic and that's what you are right now 21:58 that's what you are becoming that's what people on the network have become 22:02 on and in the network has its own logic or possibly this 22:07 I'm not sure I wanna apply that word here for charm up but it's really true 22:12 but the network projects your reality and substitute is their own 22:15 those categories those safe and understand or predictable categories 22:19 those get weirded out to 22:21 and we're all kinda living through this process all still within our lifetime 22:25 and 22:26 and we don't have a social structure or even a language to describe the networks 22:31 that we're living in right now 22:32 on and 22:36 it's doing really really strange things to institutions 22:41 the Internet in particular turns conduits and barriers 22:45 and I do mean that the IAEA used to be the good guys 22:49 their jobs from the nineteen fifties was to standardize 22:53 all the record players to make sure that all the record players will play all the 22:57 records 22:57 so that anyone to get music and a set up distribution systems for the anyone 23:02 around the country 23:03 could get anyone else's music and this actually really interesting in magical 23:08 thing they did because if you are living in you know in a Louisiana by you 23:11 in 1950 you didn't hear music from New York 23:15 until they fix this system and they allowed this 23:19 this and they're one of the entities that allowed this common culture to grow 23:23 up in these 23:23 other options to enter people's lives all over america 23:26 and they didn't actually really change what they did for the next 50 years 23:32 but the world did that pit the same one that put you at the heart of the matter 23:37 took this conduit of information and turned it into a barrier 23:41 and the people who are working these jobs the people who live through this 23:46 whole cycle with the RIAA 23:48 I gotta say like as a journalist who said to call in for interviews it's like 23:51 going crazy people 23:52 and I have a lot of sympathy for them these days because they didn't do 23:56 anything wrong 23:57 the whole world just went cook it from their perspective 24:01 I and they're grabbing it reality as best they can 24:06 in fact so many other things that would have been the awesome geeky things to do 24:11 in the fifties and sixties 24:13 have turned from conduits and generous 24:17 ways are sharing information into the barriers trying to stop the network from 24:21 doing their job better 24:22 because it got those kids to feed and they've got a mortgage 24:26 and get what they were doing the right thing all their lives why did they have 24:28 to change now 24:29 so 24:33 I'm what does it look like on a grand scale 24:37 when by these these weird things go on with institutions and people 24:42 well soluble from earlier with this kind of crap this is it from 1979 to the 24:46 president 24:47 a level up global protests any part in this I think we all know is fed by the 24:52 fact the core name protesters now 24:54 piss easy compared to what it was prior to this 24:58 I that it's you know 25:01 it's like a signing up for a amassed tweeting and then going somewhere and 25:06 it's 25:06 something people can do in a few minutes it something 25:09 you know it I the people who set up the 25:12 actor protests in on Poland that brought down 25:16 a that legislation eventually work people who had been working on it for 25:21 years in building networks and 25:23 and doing trainings and so on and so forth they're just like I must our 25:26 Facebook group 25:28 and pretty soon there is two hundred thousand people in three hundred cities 25:31 crashing abusive legislation 25:33 that was ever a treaty that was never even supposed to face any serious 25:37 opposition 25:38 that came out of nowhere that's when the one with the Polish Parliament mast up 25:43 talk about weirding identity and institutions right there 25:46 I'm this was a little bit more subtle but actually think ultimately more 25:50 important 25:51 something's happened since the 90's it certainly took off by the year two 25:55 thousand 25:55 and actually interestingly maps pretty well that global protest graph 26:00 inode by pretty well I mean in a rough sense that is risen on a somewhat plain 26:04 on which is that this bottom-line is on 26:07 is for Nate from 1970 to the present 26:11 and that top-line is international remittance 26:15 an international remittances the fancy pants term for sending money home to 26:18 your family 26:20 not so what's happened here is that um 26:24 v is that nearly three times as much money is sent 26:28 by immigrants back to their families 26:31 as is is set to countries via foreign aid from governments 26:36 and possibly other fundraising institutions on 26:40 why is that important because the system a mutual care 26:43 it is again largely a while legible or stepping out of the state some %uh this 26:47 actually the number is probably higher than this because it is very very hard 26:51 to count 26:52 remittances go through informal in car economies a limitation that the people 26:56 who study this recognized but by their very nature they are illegible 27:00 and they're often used for remittance by people who are trying to 27:03 avoid taxes or avoid government they're trying to skim off the top of the 27:07 remittance economy 27:08 on so again the network is making things 27:12 pretty weird 27:23 so 27:25 I first got online in August in 1994 just before 27:30 the internet said only became a 27:33 very different place for the first half probably the dozen or two dozen times 27:37 that that's happened 27:38 since then om and 27:42 that culture that I first came in on 27:46 was a culture where we were kind of in a corner doing our own thing 27:51 and that September 27:55 when all the college kids came online and then everyone else 27:58 started coming online all of a sudden we don't live 28:02 somewhere off a corner now all the sudden we live 28:05 right in the middle and everything com 28:09 and everything that we're doing is going 28:12 to keep ako ng through history 28:16 no matter what we want to do one of the things that means is that means that we 28:21 need to learn history who's been to learn our own history 28:24 if we continue to 28:28 ignore the shaping a fact that we have on the world 28:32 we miss a lot of things it means we're going to keep repeating the same 28:36 mistakes it means we're not going to understand the victories 28:39 that we won in the past on it means we're not going to understand the 28:43 victories 28:44 other people one and see the similarities between the situations 28:48 that we're in now and that some French peasant was in seven hundred years ago 28:52 or some Chinese peasant was an two thousand years ago 28:56 com that social change 29:01 is really really critical arm you know we keep hearing 29:05 no code is polished their code is law laws code there's this 29:09 there's this you know arm equivalency now 29:13 I think there's something deeper there's well I think that 29:16 code it becomes given a hundred years culture 29:20 arm and that's a lot harder to protect 29:24 in some ways we can look at apiece have law 29:27 and makes some gases about what effect it's gonna have on the world 29:32 it's a lot harder to make the same set of gases about what 29:36 a cultural object or a thing that will influence a cultural object is going to 29:40 have on the world 29:41 but if we don't start thinking about it we're definitely not going to get there 29:45 so arm one of the things that we're talking about 29:49 is trying to stretch out are mines 29:53 stretch out like our conceptions of history while living 29:56 while those institutions and as institutional ethics that we're talking 29:59 about 29:59 push you towards thinking in quarters most imp cultures currently conducted on 30:06 on like 30:06 quarters or maybe an annual cycle 30:09 a but something like pointed out to me recently that they can't right now find 30:14 any articles that are making predictions for 2014 30:19 our time horizons have gotten so short 30:23 that we are too scared to predict next month but we can look back 30:28 we can look back at different points and and take lessons from them some other 30:31 things that we face right now are unprecedented 30:33 as all history has been and some other 30:37 is patterns that we can learn from and when we step back and look at 30:40 not just I not just things like Tindal 30:44 and more and that path they traced up to the Enlightenment 30:48 and again interestingly it is almost at we can also look at things like the fall 30:52 of the Roman Empire 30:53 the rise of paper money in China all these things 30:56 are things that can help inform us and make us understand the technologies that 31:00 we face today 31:01 but of course there are limits because every moment is unprecedented and right 31:06 now 31:06 there are so many freakin people out there that's what's so strange about 31:10 this moment every second two hundred and seventeen years a few min experience 31:15 pass on this planet since we've been talking it's something close to you 31:20 five hundred thousand years in as in the course of this talk 31:25 that's the that's the human attention that has passed 31:28 from seven billion people while we've been standing here we've been standing 31:31 you can stay 31:32 setting and what I really wanna start pushing on you 31:36 pushing toward you towards is trying to look at that long time 31:40 try to look at what the world was like a few hundred years ago 31:44 and try to imagine what you want the world to look like in a hundred years 31:49 but that's a question very few of us can answer at this point 31:52 not what do you think it will look like we want it to look like 31:58 what do you think is right for people in a hundred years 32:01 how do you hope people that you will never meet will live 32:13 people are different because at this network that we've dealt over the last 32:17 thirty years 32:17 I but they're having to do it on brains that haven't had a chance to change 32:22 I'm normally we have to we have decades and generations to adjust to these kinds 32:28 of change 32:28 currently living through an age where we have to adjust these changes 32:32 and and a biologically challenging period of time 32:35 am billions of people a number that none of us can conceive 32:40 I I not just once on the network for those touched by the network test for 32:45 the presence of a network 32:46 I are affected by what we 32:49 as a community have till on yes 32:54 we built the technology that let's governments monitor controller people 32:58 we also built a technology that lets people escape the fate's that their 33:02 rulers and cultures have for them 33:03 and sometimes we built those things in the same applications 33:07 you 33:10 have left millions and perhaps hundreds of millions 33:13 have children know the mothers and fathers who had to leave them 33:17 in order to feed them and care for them a tradition that goes back many 33:21 generations 33:22 many generations into social isolation in Los 33:25 you taken away the power economics and distance to make strangers a family's 33:31 on this is what's buried in those 33:35 dry remittance figures people 33:39 families families origin 33:43 families that we create distance no longer has 33:48 the same power over its lives over our lives 33:51 because other things that we all built in the last thirty years 33:54 this is what mutual care looks like it looks like the faces a 33:59 people it looks like their blood and their flash 34:03 and this is what our technology affects 34:06 controls and enables you made millions of people care 34:10 about people they didn't know existed millions of people they didn't know 34:15 existed 34:15 you made 34:18 not just distance but 34:22 the time but the depth of time the human record 34:26 all recorded history you made it so present 34:29 that we can pocket out of the air at any moment that's what you did in the last 34:34 thirty years 34:35 that's what you gave close to two billion people 34:39 on this planet in the last thirty years 34:42 that's what you're responsible for 34:46 I know that you didn't ask for this job 34:51 you didn't ask for this role in society none the view 34:54 not one %uh view wants to think about the many people that can be affected by 34:59 one fucking perfectly normal Bob or mistake 35:03 in the technology that you built and this is where the reasons we keep our 35:06 heads down 35:07 no one became a geek because they wanted to be the center of political attention 35:11 that just happened 35:14 you don't get to choose you don't get to choose what arab history you live in 35:19 and what that era wants to do with you and this is a moment when it 35:24 all up for grabs that's what it means to say we're on a burning planet and what 35:28 it means to say that we don't have neutral ground is that you're at the 35:30 center of that fire 35:32 you said it you one other people that said it you're one of the people 35:35 attended 35:36 and everything you do the changes you make over the next month in years ago in 35:41 a time down decades and centuries in shape the lives of people 35:44 you will never know but they will know you 35:47 for one thing your lives very well courted 35:51 and 35:55 at this point this is where we are in history 35:59 but we're standing at a conference where we still have to remind people in the 36:02 community to eat embed themselves 36:13 it is time for us to up our game 36:36 I believe me we taking questions at the Mikes 36:39 and possibly from the internet I'm not sure 36:44 I'm 36:48 but when many the citations that we use not all that many the situations that we 36:51 used in the talk 36:52 are contained within these books and essays and so on and so forth and 36:56 together they make a pretty interesting follow-on curriculum as it were 36:59 for the concepts even talking about 37:21 hi 37:22 good evening thanks for the bus station a.m. 37:25 after the printing technology came we saw a emancipate 37:29 emancipation of the human being human rights 37:33 end of slavery a do you think there could be something similar happening 37:37 with the 37:37 you man which is enhanced man also going through in speed 37:42 emancipation and of digital slavery and 37:45 new union rights committee um 37:48 so interestingly we thought we saw ups 37:51 slavery as a explicit condition abolished but we saw it as an implicit 37:56 condition expanded so we have various people who end up 38:00 I am essentially living in slave-like conditions 38:03 they can't be they they can be bought or sold well in some cases they almost 38:07 can be I'm but a it is 38:10 its interesting to watch how that institution changed I think actually 38:14 that's a really really important point 38:15 because this kind of modified human being 38:19 this we're all basically cyborgs have some sort or another at this point I 38:23 living on a cyborg planet like if you look at if you look at this planet that 38:27 is not what the planet naturally looks like this is what we have now 38:30 on and up and 38:33 I think that the job I have our generation especially in the next 38:37 generation is going to be 38:39 to try and and the slavery without instantiating a new 38:42 sadler form of slavery like we did last time 38:46 cell this is coming this these enhancements are coming there's nothing 38:50 we can do about it except make it positive 38:52 I see ways in which emergent structures can make this world a much better place 38:56 but I also see ways in which emergent structures fighting state power 39:00 turning violent could make a completely gray 39:04 featureless terrible planet where anyone who was different was instantly 39:08 destroyed 39:08 I think that's what our network could do in the worst-case I'd rather it didn't 39:12 do that okay thank you 39:16 I'm more remarkable order basically if you're standing in the Ailey II to go to 39:20 ask questions 39:21 sit down or leaf no standing around looking and chances are details 39:25 thank you and the next question over there on 39:29 I E not so much a question as a comment I would like to encourage 39:34 in addition to reading those books that we need to learn and remember more about 39:39 our own history I'm they are very recent history 39:42 it disturbs me that there have in 39:46 there are books about cryptographic algorithms 39:49 there are books about bomb early days of hacking but I talk to people younger 39:54 than myself 39:55 your the on their I teens and twenties 39:58 and Theor from the people i've talked to there is an astounding lack 40:03 awareness UVC like the first crypto war nobody 40:08 that I know I love who is to give him the younger than me 40:12 knows about the clipper chip ok for it has a or how weak I 40:16 a I want gonna over in crypto 40:20 with you know the combination the expiration have patents 40:23 and solve the other free software that developed 40:27 the period %uh naked silly 1988 1992 40:31 as a collected history seems to be 40:34 plank so let me actually don't know I find that can found the disturbing 40:38 everybody in the room house at some sort a computer science degree related degree 40:41 put up your hands 40:42 now everyone who 40:45 that we keep your hands up now everyone who read caught Shannon 40:50 in school choir hands down get all of your people with CS degrees who didn't 40:57 require Shannon 40:58 one of the most fundamental voices in everything you do 41:02 and that's kind of goes to this interesting point about I'm 41:07 about understandably I think one of the great things you can do is talk to all 41:10 people 41:11 ask them what like used to be like and I will talk your about this 41:16 talk about this because I thank you 3/28 talk 41:19 I on so you talked about the 41:25 view of the state's um by the state itself is just 41:29 are some top technology to keep society on 41:33 human time to working cell arm 41:36 while you're I rejoin to you talk I was 41:40 thinking whether you have thought about the possibility that 41:45 some sort of new technologies we're 41:48 inventing building may eat even supersede 41:52 the state structure and I am 41:56 to 'em region even more fundamental change how humans interact on the global 42:00 level 42:01 so while we could 42:04 and may replace the state's I am 42:10 I really like roads one of the things that we often 42:14 end up doing and especially in the gay community 42:17 we will end up building technologies which will they sort of mostly work 42:22 um that doesn't cut it for water systems that doesn't cut it for a lot of the 42:26 stuff that keeps us alive 42:30 I don't think it is unreasonable to start the project if trying to replace 42:33 the state I'd 42:34 I definitely don't but we need to make sure that we get it right 42:39 because if you fucked that one up too badly things get really really horrific 42:43 I completely agree but I am I was just 42:47 I thought this song was a bit focus on the state love is safe for me is just 42:50 another technology 42:52 and this state is the technology that has kept most humans alive 42:57 foremost recorded history so it's unreasonable to spend a certain amount 43:01 of time on it 43:14 thank you 43:15 thank you for bringing talk um basically from you 43:18 parts down to this so instead of a question 43:22 people don't be scared be prepare 43:25 repaired don't be predictable take questions are 43:32 short answer the question mark and put into this quiet down some boats 43:36 good people watching this team are complaining about older college because 43:40 the lawyers have people and singer leaving 43:42 so I the common take a seat be quiet or just leave 43:46 thank you know an expression lip balm most question 43:49 that overtime yes sir actually 43:52 I am afraid I am very very afraid because 43:56 I feel like we're walking on a very very thin line because the 44:00 action that that we take could easily tip 44:03 what whatever will happen a lucky in the 44:07 papal what what we want to what we don't want and I feel like even when I look 44:11 back within his history 44:12 it's never been like this that that I basically when it tried to create 44:17 something I might 44:18 later wake up in like it a scene of a dystopian movie 44:21 where all I have created end up destroying all that I love so 44:25 how can I not be afraid so I think that was always true 44:30 yet but you're gonna be dead before it happens 44:34 dawson's on 44:38 %ah tell you layup treetop for its harbour 44:43 I is a guy who dedicated his life to inventing as many horrific 44:47 chemical weapons as he could and along the way he worked out nitrogen-fixing 44:51 which is why we have all these people and I 44:57 and what's really interesting about that to me things like for toppers while 45:01 people I keep in mind I think to some degree we have to let go 45:04 the fear because we will never actually control the gutter ill we do in the 45:07 world we can not we can push we can hope but at the end 45:11 if the most I amazing ugg boots you human life 45:16 came from a guy who was trying to invent chemical weapons 45:19 we really I no one's driving this crazy train 45:23 you okay thank you very much 45:27 on the 2 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999