How your personality shapes your politics
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0:01 - 0:03I'm a political and social psychologist.
-
0:04 - 0:07I study how people understand the world
-
0:07 - 0:10and what this means for society
and for democracy ... -
0:10 - 0:13which, as it turns out, is quite a lot.
-
0:13 - 0:15Some people see the world
as safe and good, -
0:16 - 0:18and this allows them
to be OK with uncertainty -
0:18 - 0:22and to take time to explore and play.
-
0:22 - 0:25Others are acutely aware
of threats in their environment, -
0:25 - 0:28so they prioritize order
and predictability -
0:28 - 0:31over openness and experimentation.
-
0:32 - 0:33In my academic research,
-
0:33 - 0:38I study how these two approaches
shape how we think and feel -
0:38 - 0:40about everything from art to politics.
-
0:41 - 0:43I also explore how political elites
-
0:43 - 0:46and partisan media
use these very differences -
0:46 - 0:49to engender hatred and fear
-
0:49 - 0:54and how the economics of our media system
exploit these same divides. -
0:55 - 0:56But after studying this,
-
0:56 - 1:00I have come away not with a sense
that we are doomed to be divided -
1:00 - 1:04but that it's up to us
to see both sets of traits -
1:04 - 1:07as necessary and even valuable.
-
1:08 - 1:13Take for example two men who have been
so influential in my own life. -
1:14 - 1:16First, my late husband, Mike.
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1:16 - 1:20He was an artist who saw the world
as safe and good. -
1:20 - 1:23He welcomed ambiguity
and play in his life. -
1:23 - 1:25In fact, we met through improv comedy
-
1:25 - 1:29where he taught improvisers
to listen and be open -
1:29 - 1:32and to be comfortable not knowing
what was going to happen next. -
1:33 - 1:36After we got married and had our baby boy,
-
1:36 - 1:39Mike was diagnosed with a brain tumor.
-
1:39 - 1:43And through months
of hospitalizations and surgeries, -
1:43 - 1:45I followed Mike's lead,
-
1:45 - 1:48trying to practice being open,
-
1:48 - 1:52trying to be OK not knowing
what was going to happen next. -
1:52 - 1:55It was Mike's tolerance for ambiguity
-
1:55 - 1:58that allowed me to survive
those months of uncertainty, -
1:58 - 2:03and that helped me explore new ways
to rebuild my life after he died. -
2:04 - 2:07About a year and a half
after Mike passed away, -
2:07 - 2:10I met my current husband, PJ.
-
2:10 - 2:12PJ is a criminal prosecutor
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2:12 - 2:15who sees the world as potentially good
-
2:16 - 2:19provided that threats
are properly managed. -
2:19 - 2:22He also is someone
who embraces order and predictability -
2:22 - 2:24in his daily routine,
-
2:24 - 2:25in the foods that he eats,
-
2:25 - 2:28in his selection of wardrobe.
-
2:28 - 2:30And PJ has a vicious wit,
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2:30 - 2:32but he's also morally very serious
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2:32 - 2:35with a strong sense of duty and purpose.
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2:35 - 2:40And he values tradition,
loyalty and family, -
2:40 - 2:42which is why at the age of 28
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2:42 - 2:45he did not hesitate to marry a widow,
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2:45 - 2:47adopt her baby boy
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2:47 - 2:49and raise him as his son.
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2:50 - 2:53It was PJ's need for certainty and closure
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2:53 - 2:55that brought stability to our lives.
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2:56 - 2:59I share these two stories of Mike and PJ
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2:59 - 3:01not just because they're personal,
-
3:01 - 3:06but because they illustrate two things
that I have found in my own research. -
3:06 - 3:11First, that our psychological traits
shape how we engage with the world, -
3:11 - 3:13and second,
-
3:13 - 3:17that both of these approaches
make all of our lives possible. -
3:17 - 3:23Tragically though, political and economic
incentives of our media environment -
3:23 - 3:26seek to exploit these differences
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3:26 - 3:27to get us angry,
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3:27 - 3:29to get our attention,
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3:29 - 3:31to get clicks
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3:31 - 3:32and to turn us against one another.
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3:33 - 3:35And it works.
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3:35 - 3:39It works in part because
these same sets of traits -
3:39 - 3:42are related to core
political and cultural beliefs. -
3:43 - 3:46For years, political
psychologists have studied -
3:46 - 3:49how our psychological traits
shape our political beliefs. -
3:49 - 3:51We've conducted experiments to understand
-
3:51 - 3:58how our psychology and our politics shape
how we respond to apolitical stimuli. -
3:58 - 3:59And this research has shown
-
3:59 - 4:02that those people
who are less concerned with threats, -
4:02 - 4:05who are tolerant of ambiguity,
-
4:05 - 4:08these people tend to be
more culturally and socially liberal -
4:08 - 4:12on matters like immigration
or crime or sexuality. -
4:12 - 4:14And because they're tolerant of ambiguity,
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4:14 - 4:17they also tend to be OK with nuance
-
4:17 - 4:21and they enjoy thinking
for the sake of thinking, -
4:21 - 4:23which helps explain why it is
-
4:23 - 4:27that there are distinct aesthetic
preferences on the left and the right, -
4:27 - 4:29with liberals more likely
than conservatives -
4:29 - 4:33to appreciate things like abstract art
-
4:33 - 4:36or even stories that lack a clear ending.
-
4:36 - 4:37In my experimental work,
-
4:37 - 4:40I've also found that these
differences help explain -
4:40 - 4:44why ironic, political satire
is more likely to be appreciated -
4:44 - 4:47and understood by liberals
than conservatives. -
4:48 - 4:49On the other hand,
-
4:49 - 4:52those people who
are monitoring for threats, -
4:52 - 4:54who prefer certainty and closure,
-
4:54 - 4:59those tend to be our political,
cultural, social conservatives. -
4:59 - 5:01Because they're on alert,
-
5:01 - 5:04they also make decisions
quickly and efficiently, -
5:04 - 5:07guided by intuition and emotion.
-
5:07 - 5:09And we've found
that these traits help explain -
5:09 - 5:13why conservatives enjoy
political opinion talk programming -
5:13 - 5:17that clearly and efficiently
identifies threats and enemies. -
5:18 - 5:20What is essential though
-
5:20 - 5:23is that these propensities
are not absolute -- -
5:23 - 5:25they're not fixed.
-
5:25 - 5:27There are liberals
who are monitoring for threats -
5:27 - 5:31just as there are conservatives
who are tolerant of ambiguity. -
5:31 - 5:33In fact, PJ's political beliefs
-
5:33 - 5:36are not that radically different
from those that Mike held. -
5:37 - 5:43The link between psychology
and politics is contingent on context: -
5:43 - 5:46who we're with
and what's going on around us. -
5:46 - 5:48The problem is that right now,
-
5:48 - 5:50our dominant context,
-
5:50 - 5:52our political and media context,
-
5:52 - 5:57actually needs these
differences to be absolute, -
5:57 - 5:59to be reinforced
-
5:59 - 6:01and even to be weaponized.
-
6:02 - 6:05For reasons related to power and profit,
-
6:05 - 6:08some in politics and media
want us to believe -
6:08 - 6:11that those people who approach
the world differently from us -- -
6:11 - 6:13the Mikes or the PJs --
-
6:13 - 6:15themselves are dangerous.
-
6:15 - 6:20And social media platforms
use algorithms and microtargeting -
6:20 - 6:23to deliver divisive messages
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6:23 - 6:26in our preferred messaging aesthetic.
-
6:26 - 6:30Messages that relate to politics,
culture and race. -
6:30 - 6:35And we see the devastating effects
of these messages every single day. -
6:35 - 6:39Americans who are angry
and fearful of the other side. -
6:39 - 6:42Charges of the other side
destroying America. -
6:43 - 6:45But stop and think for a moment.
-
6:45 - 6:50What would happen if those differences
had never been weaponized? -
6:51 - 6:54It is liberal inclinations
towards openness and flexibility -
6:54 - 6:57that allow us to cope with uncertainty
-
6:58 - 7:03and that allow us to explore new paths
towards innovation, creativity -- -
7:03 - 7:04scientific discovery.
-
7:06 - 7:10Think of things like space travel
or cures for diseases -
7:10 - 7:15or art that imagines
and reimagines a better world. -
7:15 - 7:21And those conservative inclinations
towards vigilance and security -
7:21 - 7:23and tradition.
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7:23 - 7:25These are the things that motivate us
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7:25 - 7:27to do what must be done
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7:27 - 7:29for our own protection and stability.
-
7:30 - 7:33Think of the safety
that's offered by our armed forces -
7:33 - 7:36or the security of our banking system.
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7:36 - 7:37Or think about the stability
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7:37 - 7:41that's offered by such democratic
institutions as jury duty, -
7:41 - 7:45or cultural traditions
like fireworks on the Fourth of July. -
7:46 - 7:51What if the real threat
posed to society and democracy -
7:51 - 7:54is not actually posed by the other side?
-
7:54 - 7:59What if the real danger is posed
by political and media elites -
7:59 - 8:01who try to get us to think
-
8:01 - 8:04that we'd be better off
without the other side -
8:04 - 8:07and who use these divisions
for their own personal, -
8:07 - 8:09financial, political benefit?
-
8:11 - 8:15Mike and PJ engaged
with the world very differently, -
8:15 - 8:19but these distinct approaches
continue to enrich my life every day. -
8:20 - 8:23Instead of our political and media context
-
8:24 - 8:27determining that
the other side is the enemy -
8:27 - 8:30and lulling us into believing
that that's true, -
8:30 - 8:34what if we choose to create the context?
-
8:34 - 8:37Real people connecting
with other real people, -
8:37 - 8:41appreciating these two approaches
for what they are: -
8:41 - 8:46necessary gifts that can help us all
survive and thrive together. -
8:48 - 8:49Thank you.
- Title:
- How your personality shapes your politics
- Speaker:
- Dannagal G. Young
- Description:
-
Social psychologist Dannagal Young breaks down the link between our psychology and politics, showing how personality types largely fall into people who prioritize openness and flexibility (liberals) and those who prefer order and certainty (conservatives). Hear why both sets of traits are crucial to any society -- and how our differences are being dangerously exploited to divide us. What if things weren't that way?
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 09:04
Oliver Friedman edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Erin Gregory approved English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Erin Gregory edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz accepted English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Leslie Gauthier edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs | ||
Leslie Gauthier edited English subtitles for The psychological traits that shape your political beliefs |