[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.48,0:00:06.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U 1832. g. matematičar, Carl Gauss,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.33,0:00:08.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i profesor fizike, Wilhelm Weber
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.70,0:00:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,su dizajnirali sustav koji im je \Nomogućio komunikacju
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.94,0:00:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,na udaljenosti dok su radili na njihovim\Neksperimentima-
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.00,0:00:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,povezujući obzervatorij i labaratorij\Nza fiziku.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.24,0:00:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo je riješilo vrlo važan problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.61,0:00:22.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koji je više bio zagonetka:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.87,0:00:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kako poslati sva slova abecede
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.05,0:00:28.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koristeći samo jedan krug - ili crtu.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.10,0:00:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I njihov sustav je koristio galvanometar,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.56,0:00:33.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jer je bilo poznato da električna struja,\Nprolazeći kroz
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.41,0:00:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zavojnicu, stvara magnetsko polje \Nkoje prolazi
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.72,0:00:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kroz centar petlje, i koje može pomicati iglu.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.09,0:00:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali umjesto samog pomicanja igle na daljinu,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.05,0:00:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,njihov sustav je koristio prekidač koji\Nje mogao obrnuti
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.92,0:00:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smjer struje istog trenutka.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.80,0:00:50.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo bi uzrokovalo da se
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.41,0:00:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,magnetsko polje oko petlje okrene,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.35,0:00:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i da se igla otkloni u desno ili u lijevo,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.92,0:00:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ovisno o smjeru struje -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.27,0:01:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time, davajući dva različita oblika signala -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.04,0:01:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ili 'simbola' - desnog ili lijevog otklona.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.93,0:01:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Najvažnije,dodjelio je kraći
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.67,0:01:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simbol najčešćim slovima.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.91,0:01:14.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Npr.] 'A' je bio jedan otklon u desno.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.66,0:01:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A 'E' je bio jedan otklon u lijevo.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.38,0:01:20.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I koristio je duže kodove za manje česta slova,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.41,0:01:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kao što je 'K' koji je bio tri otklona u desno.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.50,0:01:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I nakon nekog vremena, brzina prijenosa je bila
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.66,0:01:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oko devet slova u minuti.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.12,0:01:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Svi telegrafi sa iglom koji su usljedili
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.66,0:01:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,patili su od istog problema -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.08,0:01:41.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i to je bio inžinjerski problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.29,0:01:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Brzina signaliranja je bila spora.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.21,0:01:45.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sada je 'Brzina signaliranja'
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.90,0:01:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bila broj otklona u minuti
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.18,0:01:51.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja se mogla točno prenjeti i primiti.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.43,0:01:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I ako bi približio signale jedan drugome,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.59,0:01:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,primatelj bi se zbunio, zbog brzine -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.10,0:01:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,što bi rezultiralo greškama -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.78,0:02:01.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slično kako se slične note na klaviru poklope
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.40,0:02:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i zajedno zvuče manje prepoznatljivo \N- ako sviraš brzo.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.42,0:02:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tjekom vremena, brzina signaliranja
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.45,0:02:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,se ubrzano popravila.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.02,0:02:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jedno poboljšanje je bilo da se
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.37,0:02:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maleni trajni magnet doda na vanjski dio zavojnice.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.92,0:02:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ovo je pomoglo da se igla vraća nazad
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.69,0:02:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u neutralnu poziciju,nakon svakog otklona.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.62,0:02:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I ovi dizajn je doveo do širokog spektra
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.78,0:02:26.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,telegrafa sa iglama, koji su razmješteni\Ndiljem europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.61,0:02:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Electric Relegraph Company
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.03,0:02:32.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,je bila prva javna telegrafska kompanija,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.20,0:02:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Formirana je u 1846. g. nakon što su\Nnjezini vlasnici kupili
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.61,0:02:39.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,patent za telegrafe sa iglom u to vrijeme.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.15,0:02:45.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ali brzina tih raznih telegrafa sa iglom
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.63,0:02:50.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nikada nije prekoračila brzinu od \N60 slova u minuti -
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.25,0:02:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jer nijedna igla nije mogla postići brzinu signala\Nveću od
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.10,0:02:59.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jednog otklona u sekundi.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.83,0:03:02.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I u početku, kompanija je naplaćivala\Nkorisnicima
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.39,0:03:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prema njihovim porukama -
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.59,0:03:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koje su mogle sadržavati do maximalno\Ndvadeset riječi -
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.27,0:03:09.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,što je dužina jednog ''stausa na Twitteru''.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.82,0:03:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do 1848, cijena slanja jedne poruke
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.58,0:03:17.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iz Londona u Edinburg je bila šesnaest šilinga.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.73,0:03:19.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I to je otprilike bila tjedna plaća za, recimo,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.86,0:03:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vlasnika trgovine u to vrijeme.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.42,0:03:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tako je ova tehnologija bila van dometa
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.43,0:03:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,većine ljudi.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.75,0:03:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U SAD-u, komercijalizacija telegrafa je bila
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.99,0:03:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predvođena slikarom portreta, zvanog Samuel Morse.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.83,0:03:38.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koji je pratio razvoj
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.09,0:03:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,telegrafa sa iglom u Europi.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.13,0:03:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Morse je bitan, jer se fokusirao na
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.69,0:03:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,povećanje brzine kojom su slova mogla putovati.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.52,0:03:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To je učinio sa iglama.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.66,0:03:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I u 1838.g. je prvotno podnio patent
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.16,0:03:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,baziran na ideji da električna struja
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.64,0:03:58.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,može ili teći ili biti prekinuta -
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.34,0:04:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i neprekinutost može biti organizirana da\Nima smisao.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.18,0:04:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Iako su njegovi dizajni na koji način proizvesti\Nove prekide
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.34,0:04:09.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bili komplicirani, uključujući savijen sustav
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.40,0:04:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zupčanika, poluga i elektromagneta.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.26,0:04:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ipak, njegov sustav je bio pojednostavljen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.94,0:04:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nakon njegove suradnje sa Alfredom Vail-om.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.64,0:04:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To je dovelo do ikoničnog dijela korisničkog\Nsučelja -
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.76,0:04:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jednostavna poluga pokrenuta oprugom\Nili ključem
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.72,0:04:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koji se mogao kontrolirati pritiskom prsta.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.22,0:04:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I na primateljskom kraju se nalazila \Npoluga pokrenuta oprugom
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.53,0:04:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja se mogla povlačiti i puštati
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.56,0:04:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pomoću snažnog elektromagneta.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.91,0:04:49.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Da bi se stvorila razlika slična otklonu lijevo-desno,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.11,0:04:55.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mijenjao je dužinu pritiska ključa ili širinu pulsa.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.05,0:04:58.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zatvaranje sklopke prvi put za kratko vrijeme,\Nse nazivalo točka.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.37,0:05:00.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.50,0:05:02.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Točka se može zamisliti kao
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.49,0:05:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,osnovna jedinica Morseova koda.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.39,0:05:09.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zatvaranje sklopke
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.19,0:05:12.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,za tri jedinice vremena predstavlja crticu.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.67,0:05:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[ZVUK PORUKE KOJA SE ŠALJE MORSEOVIM KODOM]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.14,0:05:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Razmak upravo dovoljan.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.80,0:05:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vrlo mali, uski razmaci između
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.05,0:05:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,točkica i crtica u slovu.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.86,0:05:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Točkica crtica točkica
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.42,0:05:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[PORUKA SE ŠALJE MORSEOVIM KODOM]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.08,0:05:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Točkica crtica točkica
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.04,0:05:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[PORUKA SE ŠALJE MORSEOVIM KODOM]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.07,0:05:35.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I to je bio izvor razlike
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.03,0:05:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,u njihovoj strategiji kodiranja.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.53,0:05:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Počevši od početne točke ili crtice - lijeve ili desne strane-
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.87,0:05:46.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja vodi ka drugoj točki ili crtici, i tako dalje.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.17,0:05:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I ta šema je pridodavala kraće redove simbola
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.80,0:05:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,češćim slovima -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.60,0:05:52.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bazrano na učestalosti slova -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.30,0:05:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,koja su mogla biti preuzeta iz knjiga.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.26,0:05:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Najjednostavniji elementi -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.06,0:06:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kao što je jedna točka - predstavlja E.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.34,0:06:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jedna crtica predstavlja T
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.12,0:06:05.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kako se elementi kompliciraju,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.47,0:06:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pridodajemo im rijeđe korištena slova.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.04,0:06:13.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I nakon slova, ovaj sustav umeće pauzu \Nod tri jedinice vremena
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.73,0:06:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Razmak između znakova u riječi ili grupi
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.68,0:06:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,je konstantan također - ali duži.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.41,0:06:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[PORUKA SE ŠALJE MORSEOVIM KODOM]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.06,0:06:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Važno je shvatiti da je značenje ovih poruka
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.36,0:06:30.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bilo isprepleteno sa kontekstom u kojem su se slali
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.28,0:06:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sigurno se pitaš dali je točan razmak
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.94,0:06:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stvarno tako bitan?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.06,0:06:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ili je to samo dodatno uglađivanje -
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.56,0:06:39.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lijepa stvar za učiniti- poput lijepog rukopisa?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.44,0:06:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ako misliš tako, u krivu si.\NI pokazati ću ti zašto.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.18,0:06:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[PORUKA SE ŠALJE MORSEOVIM KODOM]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.52,0:06:50.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Točka za točku, crtica za crticu\Noni se poklapaju.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.53,0:06:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Samo razmak čini razliku između \N
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.41,0:06:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jedne riječi i druge.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.32,0:06:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.91,0:07:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.75,0:07:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.83,0:07:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.40,0:07:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.58,0:07:16.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.37,0:07:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.11,0:07:22.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.84,0:07:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.21,0:07:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.42,0:07:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.51,0:07:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.67,0:07:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.44,0:07:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.13,0:07:51.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.73,0:07:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.22,0:07:57.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.17,0:07:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.20,0:08:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.54,0:08:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.55,0:08:10.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.52,0:08:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.26,0:08:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.73,0:08:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.92,0:08:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.11,0:08:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.89,0:08:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.33,0:08:34.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.47,0:08:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.62,0:08:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.41,0:08:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.65,0:08:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.02,0:08:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.29,0:08:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.78,0:08:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.64,0:09:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.51,0:09:03.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.91,0:09:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.23,0:09:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.25,0:09:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.71,0:09:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.51,0:09:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.88,0:09:20.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.96,0:09:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.08,0:09:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.25,0:09:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.98,0:09:34.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.25,0:09:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.84,0:09:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.72,0:09:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.95,0:09:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.81,0:09:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.60,0:09:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.05,0:09:53.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,