[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.62,0:00:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[ UFOs and Extraterrestrial life]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.70,0:00:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's an idea that demonstrates the lack of education in our society.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.07,0:00:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A society which claims to educate the population.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.93,0:00:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Due to poor or deliberately bad management,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.94,0:00:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the monetary system has placed more emphasis on movies,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.71,0:00:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tragedy and drama,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.28,0:00:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leading citizens through a hallucinating state.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.94,0:01:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the film "Alien"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.96,0:01:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a human being plays host to a parasitic alien,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.42,0:01:15.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until it's ready to be born.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.10,0:01:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has long bothered biologist Jack Cohen.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.09,0:01:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alien is not concerned with the biology.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.05,0:01:31.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can't have a creature living in your chest, which is bigger than your heart
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.22,0:01:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you don't know it's there, and your immune system isn't turned on.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.08,0:01:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Particularly, it has never seen a human being before.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.84,0:01:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't work biologically
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.11,0:01:42.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it does work as a film.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.72,0:01:45.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you see the thing coming up from the chest and you scream "Ahhhh"!
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.98,0:01:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's exactly what they want - it is a horror film.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.24,0:01:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another classic hard image of extraterrestrials shows them as giant insects.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.93,0:02:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The alien of choice for the film "Star ship Trooper".
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.06,0:02:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But according to the laws of physics
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.52,0:02:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this kind of anatomy is impossible.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.28,0:02:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like bringing a mouse up to be the size of an elephant.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.24,0:02:20.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its little thin legs wouldn't take the weight or they would break.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.86,0:02:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to redesign.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.17,0:02:28.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a lot easier to have a terrifying film with giant ants.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.47,0:02:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As unscientific as the oversized insects of the Star Ship Trooper's are.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.70,0:02:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least they don't look like people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.82,0:02:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By far, most films, even the ones with huge special effects budgets,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.15,0:02:54.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,depict aliens that actually look like they evolved on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.49,0:02:57.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they have faces that resemble ours.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.70,0:03:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nearly all the vertebrates we see around us,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.37,0:03:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,humans included,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.63,0:03:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have faces.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.91,0:03:09.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With two eyes, two nostrils and a mouth below.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.03,0:03:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This configuration came from a common ancestor
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.08,0:03:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who lived hundreds of millions of years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.89,0:03:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, when we look at these aliens
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.20,0:03:22.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've got faces with two eyes, the nose, the mouth,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.79,0:03:24.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they can't be aliens.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.55,0:03:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They must've been developed on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.20,0:03:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They must share that same ancestor or they wouldn't have faces like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.91,0:03:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We expect the living thing-the dog, the cat or even a fish,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.70,0:03:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have a face.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.27,0:03:40.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Therefore, when we invent something for film
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.90,0:03:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we give it a face.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.01,0:03:46.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that realy enables the people who are watching
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.57,0:03:48.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get moved by it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.50,0:03:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Real aliens can't be like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.58,0:03:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do I believe in UFOs?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.07,0:04:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or extraterrestrial visitors?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.92,0:04:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not authorized to answer that question.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.50,0:04:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where shall I begin...
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.50,0:04:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UFO.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.39,0:04:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, remember what the U stands for in UFO.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.85,0:04:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, there's fascinating frailty of the human mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.89,0:04:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that psychologists know all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.52,0:04:44.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's called argument from ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.64,0:04:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is how it goes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.38,0:04:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ready?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.03,0:04:50.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody sees lights flashing in the sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.28,0:04:52.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've never seen it before.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.57,0:04:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They don't understand what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.33,0:04:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They say: A UFO!
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.60,0:05:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The U stands for unidentified.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.30,0:05:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they say I don't know what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.78,0:05:08.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It must be aliens from out of space visiting from another planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.27,0:05:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, if you don't know what it is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.91,0:05:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's where your conversation should stop!
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.96,0:05:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, they say it must be anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.03,0:05:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.44,0:05:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what argument from ignorance is.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.15,0:05:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's common, I'm not blaming anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.73,0:05:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Psychologists kow all about it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.90,0:05:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it may relate to our burning need
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.18,0:05:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have to know stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.25,0:05:40.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we are uncomfortable steeped in ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.30,0:05:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can't be a scientist if you are uncomfortable with ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.68,0:05:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we live at the boundary between what is known and unknown in the Universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.45,0:05:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unlike what journalists write...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.40,0:05:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you seen journalists... any journalists here?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.41,0:05:55.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, journalists...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.38,0:06:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, journalists...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.59,0:06:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all articles about scientist ... begin:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.95,0:06:07.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists now have to go back to the drawing board.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.44,0:06:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As though we're sitting up in our office, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.09,0:06:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,masters of the Universe, as if ooops...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.02,0:06:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somebody discovered something.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.42,0:06:16.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No,we are always at the drawing board.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.72,0:06:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you are not at the drawing board you are not making discoveries.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.85,0:06:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You are something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.08,0:06:23.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.93,0:06:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the public, it appears, seems to have that burning need
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.90,0:06:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have to have an answer to what is unknown.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.85,0:06:33.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so you go from an abject statement of ignorance
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.54,0:06:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an abject statement of certainty.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.28,0:06:39.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that is operating within us.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.37,0:06:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's start there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.50,0:06:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.14,0:06:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know not only from research and psychology,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.88,0:06:49.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but simple empirical evidence from the history of science,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.69,0:06:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the lowest form of evidence,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.68,0:06:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that exists in this world, is eye witness testimony.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.86,0:07:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is scary because that's some of the highest form of evidence in the court of law.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.44,0:07:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we know from the second grade
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.81,0:07:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where's my guy from second grade....
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.57,0:07:10.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Grab the microphone for a minute...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.03,0:07:13.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Grab the microphone! Grab the microphone!
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.24,0:07:19.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In your classes have you done the famous experiment where you play telephone
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.63,0:07:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you line up all the kids in class and one person starts with a story
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.70,0:07:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you hear it and you repeat it to the next person and the next person ....
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.49,0:07:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you done this in class yet?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.01,0:07:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.69,0:07:33.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens by the time you get to the last person
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.89,0:07:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they retell the story what happens?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.71,0:07:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like completely different.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.41,0:07:42.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Completely different, completely different. ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.16,0:07:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the conveyance of information
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.22,0:07:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was relying on eye witness testimony
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.70,0:07:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which in that case is ear witness testimony.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.13,0:07:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, let's take it, so he knows that.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.62,0:07:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he knows it and he is a second grade!
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.70,0:07:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right, so
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.88,0:07:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually he should be in twelvth grade...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.88,0:08:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.17,0:08:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now, so now
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.45,0:08:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wouldn't matter if you saw a flying saucer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.21,0:08:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In science even if you have something less controversial than a flying saucer,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.97,0:08:17.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're coming to my lab and you say : You gotta believe me I saw it!,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.05,0:08:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you are one of my fellow scientists, I'd say: Go home!
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.13,0:08:27.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Go back and retrieve some other kind of evidence that it's not just you saw it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.67,0:08:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok? Because human perception system is rife
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.100,0:08:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all ways of getting it wrong, ok.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.14,0:08:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we don't like thinking of ourselves that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.40,0:08:41.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have higher opinions of our human biology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.14,0:08:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when in fact we should not.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.90,0:08:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll give you an example of how it reveals itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.94,0:08:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've all bought and enjoyed books called optical illusions, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.48,0:08:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all love optical illusions, but that's not what they should call the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.100,0:08:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They should call them "Brain failures".
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.45,0:09:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, 'cause that's what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.24,0:09:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a complete failure of human perception, all right.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.93,0:09:12.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All it takes is a few sketches that are cleverly done and you brain can't figure it out.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.27,0:09:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.23,0:09:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we are poor data taking devices,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.13,0:09:19.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's why we have such a thing as science.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.36,0:09:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we have machines
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.76,0:09:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that don't care what side of the bed they woke up in the morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.87,0:09:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't care what they said to the spouse that day,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.44,0:09:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't care whether they had their morning caffeine to get the data right, ok.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.30,0:09:37.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So maybe you did see visitors from another part of the Galaxy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.94,0:09:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I need more than your eyewitness testimony.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.07,0:09:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in modern times I need more than your photograph,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.66,0:09:47.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which photoshop probably has an UFO button
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.37,0:09:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today sticked in
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.74,0:09:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, your computer!,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.40,0:09:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so here is what you do: I'm not saying we haven't been visited.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.48,0:10:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm saying the evidence thus far brought forth
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.83,0:10:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not satisfy the standards of evidence that any scientist
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.40,0:10:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would require for any other claim that you're gonna walk into the lab with.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.96,0:10:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you're done, you come back and say: Look what I got!
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.44,0:10:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like I stole the ashtray off the shelf of the flying saucer
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.27,0:10:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you bring that to the lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.34,0:10:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not about eyewitness testimony at that point
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.67,0:10:28.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cause you have something of alien manufacture.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.47,0:10:31.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And anything you pull out of the flying saucer that cross the Galaxy
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.03,0:10:34.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is gonna be interesting, ok.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.27,0:10:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because even objects within our own culture .....
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.15,0:10:42.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got this device here,ok,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.35,0:10:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the iphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.99,0:10:47.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ten years ago they would've resurrected the witch burning laws
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.48,0:10:48.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had you pull this thing out.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.92,0:10:50.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.44,0:10:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's in our own culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.04,0:10:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our own culture produced this over 10 years back.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.65,0:11:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if this is some technology that crossed the Galaxy,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.07,0:11:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's gonna be some serious stuff to look at in the lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.96,0:11:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we can have the conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.80,0:11:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until then - I can't, I'm sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.86,0:11:12.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Go ahead, keep trying to find it, I'm not gonna stop you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.53,0:11:15.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But get ready for that time you are abducted,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.45,0:11:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I'll be looking for your evidence when that happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.88,0:11:19.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and...
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.74,0:11:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And last point on that is
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.07,0:11:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are people who look up all the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.55,0:11:31.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like for example the Community of amateur astronomers in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.37,0:11:36.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was an amateur astronomer. We come out of a building and we look up.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.93,0:11:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are looking up.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.36,0:11:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UFO sightings are not higher among amateur astronomers than they are in the general public.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.80,0:11:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, they are lower. You'd say why is that so.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.61,0:11:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, because we know what the hell we're looking at.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.10,0:11:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we study this stuff!
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.19,0:12:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you know there was an UFO sighting reported by a police officer
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.15,0:12:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you think that when you have a badge or you are a pilot or whatever,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.88,0:12:06.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that your testimonies are somehow better than the average person.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.03,0:12:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all bad because we are human. ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.80,0:12:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there was a police officer who was tracking an UFO
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.34,0:12:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was swaying back and forth in the sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.43,0:12:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ok, reported on the ... what it called the cop?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.28,0:12:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the squad car chasing an UFO and the UFO was moving back and forth like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.42,0:12:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok? Later it turned out
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.50,0:12:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cop car was chasing Venus
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.55,0:12:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was driving on a curved road.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.48,0:12:41.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but was so distracted by Venus he though Venus was the one moving
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.26,0:12:44.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he wasn't even thinking why he was doing this
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.90,0:12:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had a conversation with a layman about flying saucers -
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.13,0:12:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I am scientific I know all about flying saucers!
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.49,0:13:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said “I don’t think there are flying saucers”.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.20,0:13:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my antagonist said,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.91,0:13:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Is it impossible that there are flying saucers?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.50,0:13:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you prove that it’s impossible?”
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.41,0:13:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“No”, I said, “I can’t prove it’s impossible. It’s just very unlikely”.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.46,0:13:15.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that he said, “You are very unscientific.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.14,0:13:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you can’t prove it impossible
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.91,0:13:19.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then how can you say that it’s unlikely?”
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.80,0:13:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that is the way that is scientific.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.54,0:13:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is scientific only to say what is more likely and what less likely,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.39,0:13:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not to be proving all the time the possible and impossible.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.69,0:13:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To define what I mean, I finally said to him,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.71,0:13:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Listen, I mean that from my knowledge of the world that I see around me,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.12,0:13:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that it's much more likely
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.58,0:13:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the reports of flying saucers are the results of the known irrational characteristics of terrestrial intelligence
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.50,0:13:49.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than of the unknown rational efforts of extra-terrestrial intelligence."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.59,0:13:59.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look at our closest genetic relative
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.17,0:14:01.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to human beings- the chimpanzees-
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.92,0:14:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we share like 98+% identical DNA,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.58,0:14:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are smarter than a chimpanzee.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.18,0:14:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let’s invent a measure of intelligence that make humans unique.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.89,0:14:16.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let’s say intelligence is your ability to compose poetry,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.32,0:14:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,symphonies, do art, math and science, let’s say.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.73,0:14:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.13,0:14:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let’s make that as the arbitrary definition of intelligence for the moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.86,0:14:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chimps can't do any of that
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.48,0:14:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet we share 98% - 99% identical DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.16,0:14:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.45,0:14:37.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most brilliant chimp there ever was
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.34,0:14:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe can do a little bit of sign language
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.12,0:14:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well our toddlers can do that
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.35,0:14:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Toddlers.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.46,0:14:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.20,0:14:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's what concerns me deeply, deeply
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.56,0:14:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything that we are, that distinguishes us from chimps
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.07,0:15:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emerges from that 1% difference in the DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.51,0:15:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has to because that’s the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.17,0:15:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Hubble telescope, the grand… that’s in that 1%.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.05,0:15:16.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe...
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.74,0:15:21.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything that we are that is not the chimp
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.02,0:15:26.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not as smart compared to the chimp as we tell ourselves it is
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.02,0:15:33.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe the difference between constructing and launching a Hubble telescope
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.21,0:15:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a chimp combining two finger motions as a sign language
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.30,0:15:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe that difference is not all that great
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.28,0:15:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we tell ourselves it is
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.13,0:15:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just the same when we label our books
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.95,0:15:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,optical illusions
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.25,0:15:54.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We tell ourselves it's a lot. Maybe it's almost nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.01,0:15:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would we decide that? Imagine another life form!
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.76,0:16:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is 1% different from us!
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.72,0:16:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the direction that we are different from the chimp.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.53,0:16:10.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.38,0:16:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have 1% difference and we are building the Hubble telescope.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.29,0:16:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Go another 1%.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.07,0:16:20.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are we to they?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.65,0:16:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We would be drooling, blithering idiots in their presence.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.14,0:16:26.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That’s what we would be.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.77,0:16:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They would take Stephen Hawking and roll him in front of their
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.46,0:16:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,primate researchers and say well
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.54,0:16:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this one is like the most brilliant among them
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.60,0:16:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cause he can do sort of astrophysics in his head
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.28,0:16:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh isn't that cute! Little Johny can do that too
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.88,0:16:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh!!
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.98,0:16:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me get it it's on the refrigerator door here it is
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.14,0:16:56.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he did it in his elementary school class
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.54,0:16:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about how smart they would be!
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.36,0:17:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quantum mechanics would be intuitive to their toddlers.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.66,0:17:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whole symphonies would be written by their children, and like I said just put on the refrigerator door
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.93,0:17:15.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way our pasta collages are on our refrigerator doors.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.41,0:17:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the notion, that we're gonna find some intelligent life
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.22,0:17:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have a conversation with it!?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.26,0:17:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When was the last time you stopped to have a conversation with a worm?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.43,0:17:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or a bird?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.24,0:17:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you might have had a conversation but I don’t think you expected an answer, alright.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:41.60,0:17:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right? So...
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.24,0:17:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't have conversations with any other species on earth
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.08,0:17:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with whom we have DNA in common.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.05,0:17:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To believe that some intelligent other species
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.44,0:17:57.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is gonna be interested in us? Enough to have a conversation?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.87,0:18:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they’ll look at our Hubble telescope and say, “isn’t that quaint… look at what they’re doing.”
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.43,0:18:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I lay awake at nights wondering whether simply we as a species
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.35,0:18:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are simply too stupid to figure out the universe that we are investigating
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.65,0:18:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe we need some other species 1% smarter than we are
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.50,0:18:20.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for which string theory would be intuitive,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.18,0:18:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for which all the greatest mysteries of the universe, from dark matter, dark energy, the origins of life
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.18,0:18:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all the frontiers of our thoughts
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.96,0:18:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be something that they would just self intuit.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:33.26,0:18:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm jealous of that possibility
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.04,0:18:39.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I want to be around for those discoveries.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.50,0:18:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[ Alternative solutions ]
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.71,0:19:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UFO associated with extraterrestrial life
Dialogue: 0,0:19:05.41,0:19:10.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,presents, very well, the aberrant approach of the monetary system.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:10.99,0:19:14.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thus, the solution is proper education of human beings
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.47,0:19:16.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a reorganising of our system
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.44,0:19:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that our priorities are aligned with natural necessities.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:21.10,0:19:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The monetary system is unable to achieve this
Dialogue: 0,0:19:24.02,0:19:28.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's main concerns are profit and consumption.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.69,0:19:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's disheartening that human beings consume their curiousity
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.48,0:20:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through films or discussions rather than inquire through science
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.47,0:20:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is even worse is that this organization called the monetary system
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.54,0:20:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allows and perpetuates this situation
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.05,0:20:16.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It does not give enough attention to science
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.31,0:20:20.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead it focuses on consumption and profit