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Hello, my name is Franky.
I work also with

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an organization called The Zeitgeist
Movement as you already know.

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I would like to
welcome everybody

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from far and wide; everybody did come.
Thank you very much.

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I would like to take this
opportunity to especially thank

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the teams of The
Zeitgeist Movement.

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Teams meaning the Linguistic Team,
the Web Team, the Technology Team,

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the Activism Team and also
the Project Team that

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coordinated this project.

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The whole German chapter
did a great job

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with establishing this
event within a month.

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I would like to thank
everybody personally.

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Good to see you here.

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I think Peter Joseph doesn't
need any introduction.

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I think everybody
here knows who he is.

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So, short and
precise: thank you.

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I hand the microphone
over to Peter.

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[Sustained Applause]

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You can turn this mic off since
I'm not going to use it.

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Ah, so it's the other mic.

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How's everybody doing? [Audience in unison]
- Good!

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I really appreciate
you all being here.

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I want to thank Franky
and the Berlin team

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for moving so fast;
it's really phenomenal.

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Having put on many events myself over
the years, it's not an easy task.

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I'm always reminded when
I travel these days,

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that The Zeitgeist Movement is truly a
global phenomenon at this stage, right?

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No matter where any of
us end up on the planet,

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you don't have to go very far to find
friends who share similar values

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in this pursuit of
a better world.

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The title of this talk
is "Economic Calculation

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in a Natural Law/Resource-Based
Economy (NLRBE)."

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For the past five years or so

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The Zeitgeist Movement has put out
quite a bit of educational media

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with respect to its advocation,

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and the learning curve
has been rather intense.

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There's been a
tendency to generalize

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with respect to how things
actually work technically.

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This is the contents
of this presentation.

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In Part I and two
I'm going to refine

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the inherent flaws of the
current market model

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regarding why we need to change

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along with relaying
the vast prospects

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we now have to solve
vast problems,

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improve efficiency, and
generate a form of abundance

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that could meet all human needs.

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The active term which has gained
popularity in the last couple years

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is called "post-scarcity,"

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even though that word is a little
misleading semantically as I'll explain.

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In Part III, I'll work to
show how this new society

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generally works in its structure
and basic calculation.

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I think most people on the planet
know that there is something

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very wrong with the current
socioeconomic tradition.

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They just don't know how to
think about the solution,

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or more accurately, how to
arrive at such solutions.

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Until that is addressed, we're
not going to get very far.

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On that note, in a number of
months, a rather substantial text

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is going to be put into
circulation, available for free

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and also in print
form or download form

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at cost (it's a
non-profit expression).

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This will be finished hopefully
by the first of the year

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and will be the definitive
expression (in the condensed form)

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of the Movement, something
that's been long overdue.

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It's called "The Zeitgeist Movement
Defined" and it will serve as both

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an orientation and
a reference guide.

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It will have probably over a
thousand footnotes and sources.

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Once finished, an educational
video series will be put out

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in about 20 parts to produce the
material along with a workbook

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to help people who want to learn how
to talk about these ideas because

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we basically need more people
on an international level

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to be able to communicate,
as I try to do.

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It's a very important thing, and I
think the future of the Movement

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rests in part on our capacity
to create a well-oiled

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international educational machine
with consistent language

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coupled with real design projects
and their interworkings.

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Part I: Why are we even here?

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Is this type of
large-scale change-

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what the Movement
advocates- really needed?

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Can't we just work to fix
and improve the current

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economic model, keeping the
general framework of money,

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trade, profit, power,
property and the like?

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The short answer is
a definitive "No,"

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as I'm going to explain.

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If there's any real interest
to solve the growing

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public health and
environmental crises at hand

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this system needs to go.

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Market capitalism, no matter
how you wish to regulate it

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or not regulate it, depending
on who you speak with,

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contains severe structural flaws

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which will always, to
one degree or another,

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perpetuate environmental
abuse and destabilization,

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and human disregard and
caustic inequality.

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Put another way, environmental
and social imbalance

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and a basic lack of sustainability
both environmentally and culturally

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is inherent to the market economy,
and it always has been.

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The difference between capitalism
today and say, the 16th century

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is that our technological
ability to rapidly accelerate

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and amplify this market process

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has brought to the surface consequences
which simply couldn't be understood

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or even recognized during
those early primitive times.

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In other words, the basic
principles of market economics

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have always been
intrinsically flawed.

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It has taken just this long for
the severity of those flaws

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to come to fruition.
Let me explain a little bit.

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From an environmental
standpoint,

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market perception simply
cannot view the Earth

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as anything but an inventory
for exploitation.

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Why? Because the entire
existence of the market economy

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has to do with keeping
money in circulation

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at a rate which can keep as many
people employed as possible.

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In other words, the world economy
is powered by constant consumption.

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If consumption levels drop,
so does labor demand,

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and so does the available purchasing
power of the general population

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and hence, so does demand for goods
as money isn't there to buy them.

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This cyclical consumption
is the lifeblood

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of our economic existence.

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The very idea of being
conservative or truly efficient

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with the Earth's finite
resources in any way

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is structurally
counterproductive

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to this needed driving
force of consuming.

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If you don't believe
that, ask yourself why

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virtually every life support system
on this planet is in decline.

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We have an ongoing loss of topsoil,
ever-depleting fresh water,

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atmospheric and climate
destabilization,

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a loss of oxygen-producing
plankton in the ocean

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(which is critical to marine
and atmosphere ecology),

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the ongoing depletion
of fish populations,

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the reduction of rain
forests, and so forth.

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In other words, an overall general
loss of critical biodiversity

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is occurring and increasing.

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For those not familiar with the
critical relevance of biodiversity,

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billions of years of evolution

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has created a vastly interdependent
biosphere of planetary systems.

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Disturbing one system always
has an effect on many others.

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This, of course, is
no new observation.

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In 2002, 192 countries in
association with the United Nations

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got together around something called "The
Convention on Biological Diversity."

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They made a public commitment to
significantly reduce this loss by 2010.

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And what changed eight years later?
Nothing.

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In their official 2010
publication, they state:

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"None of the 21 sub-targets
accompanying the overall target

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of significantly reducing the
rate of biodiversity loss by 2010

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can be said definitively to
have been achieved globally."

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"Actions to promote biodiversity
receive a tiny fraction of funding

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compared to infrastructure and
industrial developments."

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(Hmm, I wonder why?)

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"Moreover, biodiversity
considerations are often ignored

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when such developments
are designed.

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Most future scenarios project
continuing high levels of extinctions

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and loss of habitats
throughout this century."

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In a 2011 study published
which was in part

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a response to an general call to
isolate and protect certain regions

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to insure some security
of this biodiversity,

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found that, even with millions of
square kilometers of land and ocean

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currently under legal protection,
it has done very little

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to slow the trend of decline.

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They also made the following
highly troubling conclusion

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combining this trend with the state
of our resource consumption:

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"The excess use of the Earth's
resources or overshoot is possible

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because resources can be harvested
faster than they can be replaced.

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The cumulative overshoot
from the mid-1980's to 2002

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resulted in an 'ecological debt'

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that would require 2.5
planet Earths to pay.

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In a business-as-usual scenario,
our demands on planet Earth

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could mount to the productivity
of 27 planets by 2050."

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And there's no shortage of other
corroborating studies that confirm,

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to one degree or another, we are
indeed greatly overshooting

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the annual production
capacity of the Earth,

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coupled with pollution and
collateral destruction

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caused by industrial
and consumer patterns.

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Again, this kind of research has
been published for many decades now.

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Why is it that with all
this mounting data

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we can't seem to curb
life support depletion

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and our overshooting
consumption trends?

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Is it because there are too
many people on the planet?

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Is it because we're just
utterly incompetent

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and have no conscious
control over our actions?

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No. The problem is that we have a global
economic tradition still in place

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rooted in 16th century pre-industrial
handicraft-oriented thought

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that places the
act of consuming,

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buying and selling as the core
driver of all social unfolding.

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The best analogy I can think of is
to consider the gas pedal on a car:

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the more consumption of
fuel, the faster it goes,

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and buying things in
our world is the fuel.

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If you slow down consumption,
economic growth slows,

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people lose jobs,
purchasing power declines

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and things become
destabilized and so forth.

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So I hope it is clear that the system
simply does not reward or even support

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environmental sustainability
in the form of conservation.

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In fact, it doesn't even reward
sustainability in the form

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of any kind of earthly
or physical efficiency

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as I will talk more at
length of in a moment.

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Instead, it rewards servicing,
turnover and waste:

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the more problems and
inefficiencies we have,

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not to mention the more
insecure, materialistic

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and needy the population becomes,
the better it is for industry,

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the better it is for GDP, the
better it is for employment,

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regardless of the fact
that we may literally

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be killing ourselves
in the process.

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My friend John McMurtry, a philosopher
in Canada, refers to this state

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as the "Cancer Stage
of Capitalism,"

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a system which is now destroying
its host, us and the Earth,

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almost unknowingly because very
few today really understand

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how unsustainable the core driving
principles of the market really are.

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The second structurally inherent
consequence I want to mention

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is the fact that market
capitalism is indeed

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empirically socially
destabilizing.

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It creates unnecessary
and inhumane inequality,

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along with resulting
unnecessary human conflict.

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In fact, I would say
capitalism's most natural state

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is conflict and imbalance.

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I would categorize two forms
of conflict in the world:

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national and class.

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I'm not going to spend much time
on the causes of national warfare

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as it should be fairly obvious
to most of us at his point.

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Sovereign nations which are in
part protectionist institutions

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for the most powerful forces
of business have often engaged

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in the most primal act of
competition- systematic mass murder-

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in order to preserve the economic
integrity of their national economies

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and select business interests
which invariably comprise

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the political constituency
of any given country.

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All wars in history, while often
conveniently masked by various excuses,

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have predominately been about
land, natural resources,

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or geoeconomic strategy
on one level or another.

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The state institution
has always been driven

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by commercial and property interests,
existing as both a regulator

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of the basic day-to-day
internal economic operations

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in the form of legislation and as
a tool for power consolidation

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and competitive advantage by
the most dominant industries

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of the national or even, in fact
more importantly, global economy.

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There are many people in the world that
still look at this causality in reverse.

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In some economic views, state government
is deemed the central problem,

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as opposed to the self-interest and
competitive, advantage-seeking ethos

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inherent to market capitalism.

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As the argument goes "If state power
was removed or reduced dramatically,

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the market and society would be free
of most of its negative effects."

237
00:14:04,650 --> 00:14:06,848
The problem with this
argument is that it forgets

238
00:14:06,988 --> 00:14:11,208
that capitalism is just a
variation of a scarcity-driven

239
00:14:11,348 --> 00:14:14,860
specialization and
property-based exchange system,

240
00:14:15,271 --> 00:14:19,467
a system which actually goes back
millennia in one form or another.

241
00:14:20,174 --> 00:14:23,488
Early settlements naturally needed
to protect themselves as resource

242
00:14:23,628 --> 00:14:26,911
and land acquisition
moved forward over time.

243
00:14:27,051 --> 00:14:31,574
Armies were created to protect resources
from invading forces and the like.

244
00:14:31,714 --> 00:14:34,651
At the same time people
were working to engage

245
00:14:34,791 --> 00:14:36,826
agriculture and handicraft,

246
00:14:37,507 --> 00:14:42,975
and it revealed labor and exchange
value in a very primitive form.

247
00:14:43,658 --> 00:14:46,105
Hence property value, in the
midst of this scarcity,

248
00:14:46,245 --> 00:14:48,623
demanded regulation and laws,

249
00:14:48,763 --> 00:14:51,259
not only to protect property,
but to protect commerce

250
00:14:51,400 --> 00:14:55,000
and also avoid scams and
fraud in transactions.

251
00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:58,059
This is the seed of the state!

252
00:14:58,199 --> 00:15:01,350
The market is a game
and people can cheat.

253
00:15:01,800 --> 00:15:03,625
You need regulation.

254
00:15:03,765 --> 00:15:05,621
This is the basic problem.

255
00:15:05,761 --> 00:15:08,859
The market also allows-
and here's the punchline-

256
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,827
that regulation to be
purchased by money.

257
00:15:12,140 --> 00:15:15,203
Therefore, there is no
guaranteed integrity.

258
00:15:15,343 --> 00:15:17,716
The state and the market
both battle each other

259
00:15:17,856 --> 00:15:19,786
and compliment each other.

260
00:15:19,926 --> 00:15:23,648
You will always have regulatory
power centers in a market economy.

261
00:15:23,788 --> 00:15:26,672
The state and the
market are inseparable;

262
00:15:26,812 --> 00:15:28,957
they go hand-in-hand.

263
00:15:30,158 --> 00:15:32,798
Now, as an aside, people
often challenge this reality

264
00:15:32,898 --> 00:15:35,571
with moral or ethical arguments,

265
00:15:35,751 --> 00:15:40,065
which, I'm sorry to say, are
entirely culturally subjective.

266
00:15:40,540 --> 00:15:42,859
In a world where
everything is for sale,

267
00:15:43,000 --> 00:15:46,659
where the reward reinforcement,
the operant condition,

268
00:15:46,800 --> 00:15:50,948
is directly tied to seeking
personal advantage and gain,

269
00:15:51,088 --> 00:15:55,184
who is to say where the lines
should be drawn in that process?

270
00:15:56,266 --> 00:16:00,833
This is why moral principles
without structural reinforcement

271
00:16:01,390 --> 00:16:03,385
are useless.

272
00:16:03,942 --> 00:16:07,581
In the end, the question isn't what
is morally right or morally wrong.

273
00:16:07,721 --> 00:16:09,721
The question is what
works and what doesn't.

274
00:16:09,821 --> 00:16:11,821
And sometimes it takes
a great deal of time

275
00:16:11,921 --> 00:16:14,794
for the truth of such
patterns to materialize.

276
00:16:15,303 --> 00:16:18,053
For example, most
people, rightly so, see

277
00:16:18,193 --> 00:16:22,070
abject human slavery historically
as a morally wrong condition,

278
00:16:22,210 --> 00:16:26,230
but let's dig deeper into the
characteristics and think more deeply.

279
00:16:26,370 --> 00:16:30,859
I think it is much more productive to
recognize that slavery didn't work

280
00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:34,860
in the sense that it was
culturally unsustainable.

281
00:16:35,000 --> 00:16:37,659
Bigotry in all forms
is not just ugly,

282
00:16:37,800 --> 00:16:41,700
it is culturally unsustainable
because it generates conflict.

283
00:16:42,970 --> 00:16:45,364
I'm not aware of any
slave-owning society

284
00:16:45,504 --> 00:16:48,392
that did not undergo
large slave rebellions.

285
00:16:48,532 --> 00:16:51,760
It's unstable and again,
therefore, unsustainable.

286
00:16:51,900 --> 00:16:54,559
Market capitalism is
on the same path.

287
00:16:54,700 --> 00:16:57,339
There are more slaves
in the world today,

288
00:16:57,479 --> 00:17:00,621
operating within the bounds
of the market economy,

289
00:17:00,761 --> 00:17:03,501
than anytime in human history.

290
00:17:04,163 --> 00:17:07,059
And I have little doubt that if we get
through this rough period of time

291
00:17:07,199 --> 00:17:09,665
without destroying
ourselves by war,

292
00:17:09,806 --> 00:17:12,260
uprisings or
ecological collapse,

293
00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:17,167
people in the future will look back at
our world today with the same disgust

294
00:17:17,308 --> 00:17:21,179
regarding our human-rights-violating
economic system

295
00:17:21,554 --> 00:17:26,548
as we today look back upon the
period of abject human slavery.

296
00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:29,714
Class Warfare.

297
00:17:30,151 --> 00:17:32,754
This leads as well into the
subject of class warfare

298
00:17:32,894 --> 00:17:35,584
and socioeconomic inequality.

299
00:17:36,541 --> 00:17:40,886
The long history of so-called "socialist"
outcry has largely been about

300
00:17:41,026 --> 00:17:44,743
this constant and inhumane
imbalance on one level or another.

301
00:17:44,883 --> 00:17:47,995
A great deal of time has been spent
by many critics of capitalism,

302
00:17:48,135 --> 00:17:51,820
describing how it is indeed
a system of exploitation,

303
00:17:52,045 --> 00:17:56,880
which inherently separates a society
into stratified economic layers

304
00:17:57,349 --> 00:18:01,447
with a higher class given dominance
over the lower, structurally.

305
00:18:01,547 --> 00:18:03,547
It's structurally
built right in.

306
00:18:03,691 --> 00:18:06,604
If you're one of those people that
doesn't agree with this reality,

307
00:18:06,744 --> 00:18:09,443
ask yourself why there has been
one labor strike after another

308
00:18:09,543 --> 00:18:13,519
in the past 300 years, why worker
unions even exist, why CEOs

309
00:18:13,619 --> 00:18:16,973
often tend to make hundreds of times
more money than the common worker,

310
00:18:17,094 --> 00:18:21,937
or why 46% of the world's
wealth is now owned by 1%,

311
00:18:22,237 --> 00:18:24,947
which are almost exclusively
of what we could call

312
00:18:25,047 --> 00:18:27,806
the capitalist ownership class.

313
00:18:28,613 --> 00:18:32,534
Inequality and class separation
is a direct mathematical result

314
00:18:32,674 --> 00:18:35,678
of the market's inherently
competitive orientation,

315
00:18:35,818 --> 00:18:38,247
which divides individuals
in small groups

316
00:18:38,387 --> 00:18:42,454
as they work to compete against each
other for survival and security.

317
00:18:42,594 --> 00:18:45,617
It is entirely
individualistically oriented,

318
00:18:45,757 --> 00:18:51,077
driven by a core incentive system based
around isolated self-preservation,

319
00:18:51,217 --> 00:18:55,481
assuming the need to constantly
reinforce one's security financially

320
00:18:55,621 --> 00:18:59,246
since the market climate (the environment)
gives no certainty whatsoever

321
00:18:59,386 --> 00:19:03,959
of well-being in and of
itself: fear and greed.

322
00:19:04,799 --> 00:19:06,991
The rich get richer because
the model favors them,

323
00:19:07,131 --> 00:19:08,631
and the poor basically
stay the same

324
00:19:08,731 --> 00:19:11,890
because the system works
against them by comparison.

325
00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:14,568
It is structurally classed.

326
00:19:14,708 --> 00:19:18,259
Those with more money have more options
and influence than those with less.

327
00:19:18,400 --> 00:19:20,735
You are only as
free, as they say,

328
00:19:20,875 --> 00:19:24,021
as your purchasing power
will allow you to be.

329
00:19:24,578 --> 00:19:27,232
The credit system is
a perfect example.

330
00:19:27,372 --> 00:19:30,207
Money is treated as nothing
more than a product

331
00:19:30,347 --> 00:19:32,259
in the credit/banking system.

332
00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:35,053
Money is sold by banks
via loans for profit

333
00:19:35,193 --> 00:19:37,193
which comes in the
form of interest.

334
00:19:37,330 --> 00:19:39,859
If you miss payments or
violate your contract,

335
00:19:40,000 --> 00:19:42,559
often the interest rate, does what?
It goes up

336
00:19:42,700 --> 00:19:45,999
because you are now considered
a higher risk consumer.

337
00:19:46,389 --> 00:19:48,929
If you fail to meet that
interest or future payments,

338
00:19:49,069 --> 00:19:51,247
you might default on the loan.

339
00:19:52,518 --> 00:19:56,354
Your punishment is the ruining of
your credit rating or reputation

340
00:19:56,494 --> 00:19:57,994
in the financial circles.

341
00:19:58,154 --> 00:20:01,706
Once that happens, your financial
flexibility is even more stifled

342
00:20:01,846 --> 00:20:04,512
as your economic
access is limited.

343
00:20:06,289 --> 00:20:07,789
People see this as just
"the way things are"

344
00:20:07,935 --> 00:20:09,935
but they don't realize
how insidious this is.

345
00:20:10,071 --> 00:20:13,150
This pounds the lower
classes to stay low

346
00:20:13,290 --> 00:20:16,621
for reasons and forces of coercion
that are built into the structure

347
00:20:16,761 --> 00:20:20,060
that are beyond their control!
I could give many other examples.

348
00:20:20,200 --> 00:20:23,259
Everything in this system works
against you if you're not affluent

349
00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:25,859
in this society. And guess what?

350
00:20:26,000 --> 00:20:28,926
These financial policies
were created by ...

351
00:20:30,548 --> 00:20:34,537
self-interest-oriented
market logic,

352
00:20:34,677 --> 00:20:37,621
not some politician
or some government.

353
00:20:38,487 --> 00:20:41,112
I won't even go into the fact
that the interest charged

354
00:20:41,252 --> 00:20:45,460
for the sale of money today doesn't
even exist in the money supply itself,

355
00:20:45,600 --> 00:20:49,297
which creates a kind of
system-based social coercion

356
00:20:49,437 --> 00:20:53,345
forcing in the inevitability
of credit default over time,

357
00:20:53,695 --> 00:20:56,202
along with acts of economic
desperation such as

358
00:20:56,342 --> 00:21:00,621
selling property you rather would
not, to meet your basic needs

359
00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:04,085
or taking labor positions
that you do not appreciate.

360
00:21:04,225 --> 00:21:08,033
The market generates desperation
as its method of coercion.

361
00:21:08,652 --> 00:21:13,130
This leads into another very
common "free market" confusion

362
00:21:13,270 --> 00:21:16,488
I often see in the very popular
laissez-faire community.

363
00:21:16,628 --> 00:21:21,687
They talk about free trade as
trade that is entirely voluntary

364
00:21:21,827 --> 00:21:25,613
as though such a thing could ever
exist in an empirical sense.

365
00:21:25,753 --> 00:21:29,916
All decisions to trade come
from influences and pressures.

366
00:21:30,648 --> 00:21:34,314
Only perhaps the super rich,
who literally have no need

367
00:21:34,454 --> 00:21:37,568
to worry about basic
survival due to their wealth

368
00:21:37,708 --> 00:21:42,300
could possibly be said to engage in
the act of voluntary free trade.

369
00:21:42,826 --> 00:21:46,682
For 99% of the world, we either
trade or we don't survive,

370
00:21:46,922 --> 00:21:50,027
and that pressure is
empirically coercive.

371
00:21:50,167 --> 00:21:52,559
And no, it doesn't
have to be that way,

372
00:21:52,700 --> 00:21:56,008
which is the whole point
of this new social model.

373
00:21:57,000 --> 00:21:59,944
So with all that aside, and
with this understanding

374
00:22:00,084 --> 00:22:03,682
that wealth inequality is
inherent to capitalism itself

375
00:22:03,922 --> 00:22:05,859
- you can't regulate it out -

376
00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:08,462
the main issue I want to address
here has to do with what

377
00:22:08,602 --> 00:22:12,574
class separation and social
inequality does to us

378
00:22:12,714 --> 00:22:15,219
in the context of public health.

379
00:22:15,651 --> 00:22:18,525
It isn't just a simple issue of
some having more than others,

380
00:22:18,665 --> 00:22:22,149
and others suffering the
mere material inconvenience,

381
00:22:22,289 --> 00:22:25,859
or pressure to engage in labor or
trade they'd rather not have to.

382
00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:27,860
It goes way beyond that.

383
00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:31,159
Socioeconomic
inequality is a poison,

384
00:22:31,575 --> 00:22:34,159
a form of destabilizing
pollution

385
00:22:34,652 --> 00:22:39,259
that affects people's psychological and
physiological health in profound ways,

386
00:22:39,702 --> 00:22:44,059
while also very often accumulating
anger towards other groups,

387
00:22:44,423 --> 00:22:48,315
and hence, that generation
of social instability.

388
00:22:48,790 --> 00:22:53,426
The best term I know of that embodies
this issue is "structural violence."

389
00:22:54,000 --> 00:22:56,096
If I put a gun to
someone's head,

390
00:22:56,236 --> 00:23:00,084
say a 30-year-old healthy male,
pull the trigger and kill him,

391
00:23:00,224 --> 00:23:03,159
assuming an average life
expectancy of say 84,

392
00:23:03,300 --> 00:23:06,375
you can argue that
possibly 54 years of life

393
00:23:06,515 --> 00:23:10,014
was stolen from that person
in a direct act of violence.

394
00:23:10,433 --> 00:23:12,959
However, if a person
is born into poverty

395
00:23:13,099 --> 00:23:15,416
in the midst of an
abundant society

396
00:23:15,556 --> 00:23:18,721
where it is statistically proven
that it would hurt no one

397
00:23:18,861 --> 00:23:21,784
to facilitate meeting the
basic needs of that person,

398
00:23:21,924 --> 00:23:24,878
and yet they die at the age
of 30 due to heart disease

399
00:23:25,018 --> 00:23:28,614
which has been found to statistically
relate to those who endure

400
00:23:28,754 --> 00:23:32,517
the stress and effects of
low socioeconomic status –

401
00:23:33,574 --> 00:23:39,317
is that death, the removal of those
54 years again, an act of violence?

402
00:23:40,075 --> 00:23:42,311
The answer is "yes, it is."

403
00:23:42,451 --> 00:23:44,765
Our legal system has
conditioned us to think

404
00:23:44,905 --> 00:23:47,493
that violence is a
direct behavioral act.

405
00:23:47,633 --> 00:23:49,907
The truth is that
violence is a process,

406
00:23:50,047 --> 00:23:53,159
not an act, and it
can take many forms.

407
00:23:53,300 --> 00:23:58,500
You cannot separate any outcome from
the system by which it is oriented.

408
00:23:59,110 --> 00:24:02,540
This is virtually absent
from the way people think

409
00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:06,164
about cause-and-effect in
a socioeconomic system.

410
00:24:07,115 --> 00:24:09,868
The effects of market
capitalism cannot be reduced-

411
00:24:10,008 --> 00:24:13,009
or I should say cannot
be deduced- logically

412
00:24:13,149 --> 00:24:16,536
from local or
reductionist examination.

413
00:24:16,676 --> 00:24:19,060
[It's] like things are
working like a clock:

414
00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:22,759
the market is a synergistic system,
the economy is a synergistic system,

415
00:24:22,900 --> 00:24:27,059
and the behavior of the whole, meaning
large-scale social consequences

416
00:24:27,200 --> 00:24:30,466
such as the perpetuation
of inequality or violence,

417
00:24:30,606 --> 00:24:34,565
can only be assessed in
relationship to that whole.

418
00:24:34,705 --> 00:24:38,044
This is why there has been
one big dichotomy between

419
00:24:38,184 --> 00:24:41,158
what market theorists think is
supposed to happen in their world

420
00:24:41,298 --> 00:24:43,698
and what is actually happening.

421
00:24:43,838 --> 00:24:48,079
For example, there is no doubt
that poverty and social inequity

422
00:24:48,219 --> 00:24:52,892
is and has been causing a vast
spectrum of public health problems,

423
00:24:53,117 --> 00:24:56,051
both in the context of absolute
deprivation, which means not having

424
00:24:56,151 --> 00:24:59,772
the money to simply meet up with
basic needs such as nutrition,

425
00:25:00,052 --> 00:25:02,923
and in the context of
relative deprivation,

426
00:25:03,063 --> 00:25:07,148
which is a psychological
phenomenon related to the stress-

427
00:25:07,288 --> 00:25:10,157
the psychosocial stress-
of simply living

428
00:25:10,297 --> 00:25:12,822
in a highly-stratified society.

429
00:25:14,258 --> 00:25:17,787
One of the greatest predictors
of reduced public health

430
00:25:17,927 --> 00:25:21,258
is now to be found
as social inequity,

431
00:25:21,814 --> 00:25:23,376
social inequality.

432
00:25:23,516 --> 00:25:27,564
If you compare developed nations
by the level of wealth inequality

433
00:25:27,984 --> 00:25:32,096
you will find that those more equal
nations have much better health

434
00:25:32,236 --> 00:25:34,682
than those with less equality.

435
00:25:34,822 --> 00:25:37,244
This includes physical
health, mental health,

436
00:25:37,384 --> 00:25:41,033
drug abuse, educational levels,
imprisonment, obesity,

437
00:25:41,173 --> 00:25:46,213
social mobility, trust or social
capital, community life, violence,

438
00:25:46,575 --> 00:25:49,279
teen pregnancies, and child
well-being on average.

439
00:25:49,419 --> 00:25:51,788
These outcomes are
significantly worse

440
00:25:51,928 --> 00:25:54,856
in more unequal rich countries.

441
00:25:56,048 --> 00:25:59,934
Yet, if you tried to reduce
and analyze a single person

442
00:26:00,074 --> 00:26:02,981
for any of these noted
public health factors,

443
00:26:03,121 --> 00:26:06,708
you could never know for sure if
that person is actually a victim

444
00:26:06,848 --> 00:26:12,369
of the psycho-stress or the absolute
or relative violence condition itself.

445
00:26:12,509 --> 00:26:14,657
The causality can
only be understood

446
00:26:14,797 --> 00:26:17,189
on the large scale,
probabilistically,

447
00:26:17,329 --> 00:26:21,059
which is the importance
of statistical analysis.

448
00:26:21,247 --> 00:26:24,371
So again, the market
can only be perceived

449
00:26:24,511 --> 00:26:28,086
as a whole to gauge the
truth of its effects.

450
00:26:28,226 --> 00:26:32,100
This is why our legal system
is so base and primitive.

451
00:26:34,167 --> 00:26:38,569
That aside, I would like to detail a few
more examples of structural violence,

452
00:26:38,709 --> 00:26:41,360
as it obviously takes
many more forms.

453
00:26:41,500 --> 00:26:46,304
When we see 1.5 million children die
each year from diarrheal diseases-

454
00:26:46,444 --> 00:26:49,306
an utterly preventable
problem that isn't resolved

455
00:26:49,446 --> 00:26:52,345
due to a financial
limitation across the world,

456
00:26:52,485 --> 00:26:55,759
we are seeing the murder of 1.5
[million] children by a system

457
00:26:55,900 --> 00:26:58,999
that is so inefficient in
its process it cannot make

458
00:26:59,139 --> 00:27:02,453
the proper resources available
in certain regions,

459
00:27:02,593 --> 00:27:04,768
even though that they are there.

460
00:27:04,908 --> 00:27:07,334
Drug addiction, which
has become a plague

461
00:27:07,474 --> 00:27:11,266
of modern society across the
world, not only causing death,

462
00:27:11,406 --> 00:27:16,189
but also a spectrum of suffering, has
been found to have roots in stress.

463
00:27:16,329 --> 00:27:18,920
It has to do with a lack
of support which creates

464
00:27:19,060 --> 00:27:21,952
a psychological chain
reaction that leads to

465
00:27:22,340 --> 00:27:25,786
fill your feelings of pain
with self-medication.

466
00:27:25,926 --> 00:27:28,451
You will rarely find a study
on addiction patterns

467
00:27:28,591 --> 00:27:30,653
that does not see a
direct correlation

468
00:27:30,793 --> 00:27:33,866
to unstable life
conditions and stress.

469
00:27:34,949 --> 00:27:39,076
What is perhaps poverty's most
dominant psychological feature?

470
00:27:39,500 --> 00:27:42,646
Feelings of insecurity
and humility.

471
00:27:43,700 --> 00:27:46,847
Even the vast majority of
behavioral violence as we know it

472
00:27:46,987 --> 00:27:49,503
arises due to preconditions
which have been tied

473
00:27:49,643 --> 00:27:52,738
to poverty-induced
deprivation and abuse.

474
00:27:52,878 --> 00:27:57,124
Former head of the Study of Violence
at Harvard, Dr. James Gilligan,

475
00:27:57,264 --> 00:27:59,659
was a prison psychiatrist
for many decades

476
00:27:59,800 --> 00:28:03,103
analyzing the reasons for extreme
acts of murder and the like.

477
00:28:03,243 --> 00:28:07,165
In virtually all cases, high levels
of deprivation, neglect, and abuse

478
00:28:07,265 --> 00:28:11,492
occurred in the life history of the offenders.
And guess what?

479
00:28:11,772 --> 00:28:15,080
Poverty is the single
best predictor

480
00:28:15,220 --> 00:28:17,568
of child abuse and neglect.

481
00:28:17,708 --> 00:28:19,976
In a US study, children
who lived in families

482
00:28:20,116 --> 00:28:22,281
with an annual income
less than $15,000

483
00:28:22,421 --> 00:28:25,908
are 22 times more likely
to be abused or neglected

484
00:28:26,048 --> 00:28:30,858
than children living in families with
an annual income of $30,000 or more.

485
00:28:32,247 --> 00:28:37,584
Aristotle said "Poverty is the
parent of revolution and crime."

486
00:28:38,323 --> 00:28:41,508
Gandhi said "Poverty in the
worst form of violence."

487
00:28:42,152 --> 00:28:44,359
The interesting thing
about all this is

488
00:28:44,500 --> 00:28:47,812
is that we are all possible
victims of its effects,

489
00:28:47,952 --> 00:28:50,440
for every time you hear
about an act of theft,

490
00:28:50,580 --> 00:28:52,824
violence, murder, or the like,

491
00:28:52,964 --> 00:28:56,046
chances are the origins of
that behavior were born

492
00:28:56,186 --> 00:28:58,560
out of a preventable
form of deprivation.

493
00:28:58,700 --> 00:29:00,790
I say preventable because today

494
00:29:00,930 --> 00:29:03,953
there is absolutely no technical
reason for any human being

495
00:29:04,053 --> 00:29:07,442
to live in poverty and
resource deprivation.

496
00:29:07,622 --> 00:29:10,363
Solving social inequality is
not just a nice thing to do,

497
00:29:10,463 --> 00:29:12,827
it is a true public
health imperative.

498
00:29:13,107 --> 00:29:15,691
Just like making sure our
water isn't polluted,

499
00:29:15,831 --> 00:29:17,560
so we don't get diseases.

500
00:29:17,700 --> 00:29:21,536
And each of us have no idea when
we might be subjected to say,

501
00:29:21,676 --> 00:29:24,856
the violence bred by
this deprivation.

502
00:29:24,996 --> 00:29:27,460
It's a form of blowback.

503
00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:30,663
Just like how some social
theorists think about the reasons

504
00:29:30,803 --> 00:29:33,805
for modern terrorism
from abused countries.

505
00:29:33,945 --> 00:29:36,359
A country like the United
States bombs some town;

506
00:29:36,500 --> 00:29:39,763
the people in that town lose everything.
Certain people are deeply affected

507
00:29:39,903 --> 00:29:42,069
and find no other
emotional recourse

508
00:29:42,209 --> 00:29:45,146
but to act in the most violent
way that can in revenge.

509
00:29:45,286 --> 00:29:49,417
The next thing you know, a bomb
explodes at a coffee shop in your city,

510
00:29:49,557 --> 00:29:51,599
killing your sibling.

511
00:29:52,565 --> 00:29:56,682
In short, if you want to produce a
violent criminal or gang mentality,

512
00:29:56,822 --> 00:29:59,908
let them be raised in an environment
where they are reinforced

513
00:30:00,048 --> 00:30:03,455
with the sense that society
doesn't care about them.

514
00:30:03,595 --> 00:30:07,047
And hence they have no need
to care about society.

515
00:30:07,187 --> 00:30:08,902
This is the trademark,

516
00:30:09,042 --> 00:30:11,306
this is the core characteristic,

517
00:30:11,446 --> 00:30:14,024
of the capitalist social order.

518
00:30:15,191 --> 00:30:18,575
As a final aside before I move on,
I find it incredibly interesting

519
00:30:18,715 --> 00:30:22,188
that the vast majority of the
civil rights institutions today,

520
00:30:22,328 --> 00:30:24,741
or human rights
institutions today,

521
00:30:24,881 --> 00:30:30,159
which still demand more race, gender,
creed and political equality,

522
00:30:30,461 --> 00:30:34,939
tend to do very little to address
the roots of economic inequality.

523
00:30:35,608 --> 00:30:38,383
It's a very interesting contradiction.
I'm firmly convinced

524
00:30:38,483 --> 00:30:41,776
that as time moves forward,
economic equality will morph

525
00:30:41,876 --> 00:30:46,466
into the same role as
gender and race equality,

526
00:30:46,686 --> 00:30:50,215
where meeting human needs and
facilitating a high standard of living

527
00:30:50,355 --> 00:30:56,417
will be an issue of human
rights, not market expedience,

528
00:30:56,874 --> 00:30:59,400
and the social Darwinism
to which it is based.

529
00:31:00,509 --> 00:31:03,628
Part II: Post-Scarcity.

530
00:31:03,768 --> 00:31:05,918
I would like to spend
a moment clarifying

531
00:31:06,058 --> 00:31:08,859
what an "Abundance Focused
Society" actually means

532
00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:12,359
and give some tangible,
statistical extrapolations

533
00:31:12,500 --> 00:31:14,800
to confirm this potential.

534
00:31:16,400 --> 00:31:20,491
A Natural Law/Resource-Based
Economy is not a utopia.

535
00:31:20,631 --> 00:31:25,527
The Zeitgeist Movement seeks a high,
relative, sustainable abundance

536
00:31:25,667 --> 00:31:29,054
relieving the most relevant
forms of scarcity.

537
00:31:29,629 --> 00:31:32,403
Many who hear such distinctions
immediately dismiss

538
00:31:32,543 --> 00:31:35,181
such qualifications
as mere opinion.

539
00:31:35,321 --> 00:31:38,391
The fact is, it's not opinion
when it comes to life support

540
00:31:38,531 --> 00:31:40,700
or empirical human needs.

541
00:31:41,678 --> 00:31:43,809
Relative sustainable abundance

542
00:31:43,949 --> 00:31:48,237
means seeking more than enough to
meet all human needs and beyond

543
00:31:48,377 --> 00:31:51,300
while keeping
ecological balance.

544
00:31:52,003 --> 00:31:55,663
The most relevant forms of
scarcity means we differentiate

545
00:31:55,803 --> 00:31:58,360
between scarcity as it
relates to human needs

546
00:31:58,500 --> 00:32:01,230
and scarcity as it
relates to human wants,

547
00:32:01,370 --> 00:32:03,292
as they are not the same.

548
00:32:03,432 --> 00:32:06,544
Unfortunately, market logic
pretends that they are.

549
00:32:06,684 --> 00:32:09,808
The market cannot separate
needs from wants.

550
00:32:09,948 --> 00:32:14,397
And this gets to the root of the
life-blind, value-system disorder

551
00:32:14,537 --> 00:32:17,320
which continues to
distort our culture.

552
00:32:18,145 --> 00:32:20,838
The logic goes like
this: If there exists

553
00:32:20,978 --> 00:32:23,859
any form of scarcity of
anything on any level,

554
00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:27,715
then we need money and the
competitive market to regulate it.

555
00:32:29,308 --> 00:32:31,315
Let me explain this
a little bit more.

556
00:32:31,455 --> 00:32:34,018
One of our international lecture
team members, Matt Berkowitz,

557
00:32:34,158 --> 00:32:38,478
did a radio interview with a very popular
Austrian economist a little while back,

558
00:32:38,618 --> 00:32:42,809
and when the subject of scarcity came
up this economist responded with

559
00:32:42,949 --> 00:32:46,576
"Not everyone can have a
fancy steak or a Ferrari!"

560
00:32:47,223 --> 00:32:50,630
This was his definitive view
of what scarcity means.

561
00:32:51,200 --> 00:32:54,250
Now that may be true.
Not every human being

562
00:32:54,390 --> 00:32:58,499
can have a 500-room mansion with
three jets parked in the front lawn,

563
00:32:58,639 --> 00:33:02,334
with half the continent of
Africa as his or her back yard.

564
00:33:03,131 --> 00:33:05,681
In theory, we could
conjure up anything

565
00:33:05,821 --> 00:33:09,146
and use such luxury-based
scarcity defenses

566
00:33:09,286 --> 00:33:12,439
to support the existence
of the competitive market.

567
00:33:13,059 --> 00:33:16,179
So what are human needs?
Are they subjective?

568
00:33:16,785 --> 00:33:19,059
Human needs have been created

569
00:33:19,200 --> 00:33:23,259
by the process of our physical
and psychological evolution.

570
00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:27,956
Not meeting these virtually empirical
needs results, as noted before,

571
00:33:28,096 --> 00:33:32,239
in a statistically predictable
destabilizing spectrum

572
00:33:32,379 --> 00:33:36,166
of physical, mental
and social disorders.

573
00:33:37,327 --> 00:33:41,294
Human wants, on the other hand,
are cultural manifestations

574
00:33:41,434 --> 00:33:45,615
which have undergone enormous subjective
change over the course of time,

575
00:33:45,755 --> 00:33:48,945
revealing in truth something
of an arbitrary nature.

576
00:33:49,085 --> 00:33:53,703
This isn't to say neurotic
attachments can't be made to wants,

577
00:33:53,843 --> 00:33:57,427
so much so that they start
to take the role of needs.

578
00:33:57,567 --> 00:34:01,859
That's a phenomenon that occurs readily
in our materialistic society, in fact.

579
00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:05,938
This is exactly why the previously
noted wealth-imbalance issues,

580
00:34:06,078 --> 00:34:08,496
namely the
psychosocial-stress response

581
00:34:08,637 --> 00:34:12,072
resulting from social
comparison, is what it is.

582
00:34:12,511 --> 00:34:15,905
It's a part of our evolutionary
psychology in many ways.

583
00:34:16,045 --> 00:34:18,755
But this is partly why more
unequal societies also

584
00:34:18,896 --> 00:34:22,800
are the more unhealthy societies,
because we perpetuate it.

585
00:34:23,545 --> 00:34:26,804
The Zeitgeist Movement is not promoting
an infinite universal abundance

586
00:34:26,944 --> 00:34:30,159
of all things, which is clearly
impossible on a finite planet.

587
00:34:30,300 --> 00:34:34,228
Rather, it promotes a "post-scarcity'"
or "abundance" worldview,

588
00:34:34,369 --> 00:34:37,956
with an active recognition of the
natural limits of consumption

589
00:34:38,097 --> 00:34:41,199
on the planet while
seeking equilibrium.

590
00:34:42,652 --> 00:34:45,652
And what separates the world
today from the world of the past

591
00:34:45,793 --> 00:34:48,405
is that our scientific and
technological capacity

592
00:34:48,545 --> 00:34:51,106
has reached an accelerating
point of efficiency

593
00:34:51,246 --> 00:34:54,795
where creating a high standard of
living for all the world's people

594
00:34:54,936 --> 00:34:57,514
based on current cultural
preferences, in fact,

595
00:34:57,654 --> 00:35:01,212
is now possible within these
sustainable boundaries

596
00:35:01,352 --> 00:35:05,422
without the destructive need to
compete through the market mechanism.

597
00:35:06,805 --> 00:35:10,490
This is made by what has been
called "ephemeralization,"

598
00:35:10,630 --> 00:35:14,237
a term coined by engineer R.
Buckminster Fuller,

599
00:35:14,377 --> 00:35:16,336
and the recognition
is very simple.

600
00:35:16,476 --> 00:35:20,260
The amount of resources and energy
needed to achieve any given task

601
00:35:20,400 --> 00:35:22,722
has constantly
decreased over time,

602
00:35:22,862 --> 00:35:27,180
while the efficiency of that task
has increased, paradoxically.

603
00:35:27,700 --> 00:35:30,159
An example is wireless
satellite communication

604
00:35:30,300 --> 00:35:32,659
which uses exponentially
less materials

605
00:35:32,799 --> 00:35:35,690
than traditional
large-gauge copper wire

606
00:35:35,830 --> 00:35:38,573
and is more versatile
and effective.

607
00:35:39,315 --> 00:35:42,630
In other words, we are doing
more with less continually,

608
00:35:42,770 --> 00:35:45,859
and this trend can be noticed in all
areas of industrial development

609
00:35:45,999 --> 00:35:48,276
from computer processing
or Moore's Law

610
00:35:48,416 --> 00:35:53,329
to the rapid acceleration of human
knowledge or information technology.

611
00:35:56,022 --> 00:35:57,859
And it isn't just
physical goods.

612
00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:00,534
It also applies to
processes or systems.

613
00:36:00,674 --> 00:36:03,059
For example, the labor system,
via automation today,

614
00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:05,111
shows the exact same pattern.

615
00:36:05,251 --> 00:36:09,534
Industry has become more
productive with less people,

616
00:36:09,897 --> 00:36:12,122
ever-increasing
machine performance,

617
00:36:12,262 --> 00:36:17,209
with ever-decreasing energy and
material needs over time per operation.

618
00:36:18,600 --> 00:36:21,281
As a brief tangent,
some might have noticed

619
00:36:21,421 --> 00:36:23,901
I keep saying this phrase

620
00:36:24,041 --> 00:36:26,524
"High Standard of Living.
" What does that mean?

621
00:36:26,664 --> 00:36:29,567
Who is to say what a high
standard of living should be?

622
00:36:29,707 --> 00:36:33,196
The answer to that question
is not "who," it is "what."

623
00:36:33,336 --> 00:36:36,455
And "what" determines
our standard of living

624
00:36:36,595 --> 00:36:39,234
is the current state of
technology in many ways,

625
00:36:39,374 --> 00:36:41,759
and what is required to keep

626
00:36:41,900 --> 00:36:45,554
social and environmental
sustainability on a finite planet.

627
00:36:45,694 --> 00:36:47,849
That's basically the equation.

628
00:36:48,938 --> 00:36:52,347
If we as a society wish to keep the
value of constant materialism,

629
00:36:52,487 --> 00:36:57,096
growth, and consumption, promoting
the virtue of having infinite wants

630
00:36:57,236 --> 00:37:00,031
then we might as well just
kill ourselves right now,

631
00:37:00,171 --> 00:37:02,964
as that is going to be the end
result if we continue to push past

632
00:37:03,104 --> 00:37:06,641
the limits of the physical world with
respect to our resource exploitation

633
00:37:06,781 --> 00:37:09,119
and the loss of biodiversity.

634
00:37:09,259 --> 00:37:12,063
So I want to make it very clear:
this new economic proposal

635
00:37:12,203 --> 00:37:15,193
isn't just about seeing how the
market is obsolete per se,

636
00:37:15,333 --> 00:37:19,140
given our new powerful awarenesses
of technical efficiency;

637
00:37:19,280 --> 00:37:22,372
it is also about the
fact that we need

638
00:37:22,512 --> 00:37:26,342
to get out of the market
paradigm as fast as we can

639
00:37:26,482 --> 00:37:29,200
before it causes
even more damage.

640
00:37:30,633 --> 00:37:32,564
OK, Post-Scarcity.

641
00:37:32,704 --> 00:37:35,344
The four categories I want to
cover in detail regarding this

642
00:37:35,484 --> 00:37:38,461
are food, water, energy,
and material goods.

643
00:37:38,601 --> 00:37:41,245
Please note that for
food, energy, and water

644
00:37:41,385 --> 00:37:44,630
this is actually a very
conservative assessment,

645
00:37:44,770 --> 00:37:47,643
using statistics and
measures based only

646
00:37:47,783 --> 00:37:51,240
on existing methods that have
been put into industrial use,

647
00:37:51,380 --> 00:37:54,621
not theoretical things that
people talk about all the time.

648
00:37:54,761 --> 00:37:57,028
And all I'm going to
do is scale this out,

649
00:37:57,168 --> 00:37:59,849
applying a systems
theory context.

650
00:38:00,218 --> 00:38:01,454
Food.

651
00:38:01,594 --> 00:38:04,207
According to the United Nations, one
out of every eight people on Earth-

652
00:38:04,307 --> 00:38:08,247
nearly one billion people- suffer
from chronic undernourishment.

653
00:38:10,639 --> 00:38:13,616
Yet it is admitted that there
is enough food produced today

654
00:38:13,756 --> 00:38:15,838
by traditional market
methods alone,

655
00:38:15,978 --> 00:38:20,759
to provide everyone in the world with
at least 2,720 kilocalories per day

656
00:38:20,900 --> 00:38:24,343
which is more then enough to
maintain basic health for most.

657
00:38:24,483 --> 00:38:26,914
Therefore, just in
principle right now,

658
00:38:27,054 --> 00:38:30,730
the existence of such a large-scale
number of chronically hungry people

659
00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:34,220
reveals at a minimum that there
is something fundamentally wrong

660
00:38:34,360 --> 00:38:37,707
with the global industrial
and economic process.

661
00:38:39,190 --> 00:38:42,761
According to the Institution
of Mechanical Engineers,

662
00:38:42,901 --> 00:38:46,411
"It is estimated that
30-50% of all food produced

663
00:38:46,551 --> 00:38:48,663
never reaches a human stomach

664
00:38:48,803 --> 00:38:51,286
and this figure does not reflect
the fact that large amounts

665
00:38:51,386 --> 00:38:54,618
of land, energy, fertilizers,
and water have also been lost

666
00:38:55,198 --> 00:38:59,145
in the production of foodstuffs
which simply end up as waste."

667
00:39:00,700 --> 00:39:03,302
While there is certainly an
imperative to consider the relevance

668
00:39:03,402 --> 00:39:06,292
of these waste patterns, it
appears that the most effective

669
00:39:06,472 --> 00:39:10,283
and practical means to overcome
this global deficiency entirely

670
00:39:10,423 --> 00:39:13,865
is to update the system
of food production itself

671
00:39:14,005 --> 00:39:16,956
with the most strategic
localization

672
00:39:17,096 --> 00:39:20,924
in order to reduce the waste
caused by inefficiencies

673
00:39:21,064 --> 00:39:23,619
in the current
global supply chain.

674
00:39:24,328 --> 00:39:27,097
Perhaps the most promising of these
arrangements is something called

675
00:39:27,237 --> 00:39:30,137
vertical farming which I
assume many are familiar with.

676
00:39:30,277 --> 00:39:32,606
Vertical farming has been put
to test in a number of regions

677
00:39:32,746 --> 00:39:36,439
with extremely promising results
regarding efficiency and conservation.

678
00:39:36,579 --> 00:39:39,032
This method of abundant food
production will not only

679
00:39:39,172 --> 00:39:43,040
use less resources per unit
output, causing less waste,

680
00:39:43,180 --> 00:39:45,259
have a reduced
ecological footprint,

681
00:39:45,400 --> 00:39:47,459
increase food quality
and the like,

682
00:39:47,600 --> 00:39:50,593
it will also use less
surface of the planet,

683
00:39:50,733 --> 00:39:53,663
uses less land area
than we're doing today.

684
00:39:53,803 --> 00:39:57,559
It can even be done offshore-
it's that versatile-

685
00:39:57,700 --> 00:40:00,402
enabling types of food as well,
that certain climates and regions

686
00:40:00,542 --> 00:40:03,029
simply couldn't produce
because it's enclosed.

687
00:40:03,861 --> 00:40:06,562
A vertical farm system in
Singapore, for example,

688
00:40:06,702 --> 00:40:08,759
custom built, a
transparent enclosure,

689
00:40:08,900 --> 00:40:11,359
uses a closed loop
automated hydraulic system

690
00:40:11,500 --> 00:40:14,617
to rotate the crops in
circles between sunlight

691
00:40:14,757 --> 00:40:16,620
and organic nutrient treatment,

692
00:40:16,760 --> 00:40:22,200
costing only about $3 a month in
electricity for each enclosure.

693
00:40:22,724 --> 00:40:26,041
This system also has
reported to have 10 times

694
00:40:26,181 --> 00:40:29,960
more productivity per square
foot than conventional farming,

695
00:40:30,100 --> 00:40:33,686
again, using much less water,
labor, and fertilizer.

696
00:40:34,300 --> 00:40:37,171
Students at Columbia
University in the US

697
00:40:37,311 --> 00:40:41,625
determined that in order to feed
50,000 people, a 30-story farm

698
00:40:41,765 --> 00:40:44,944
built on the size of a basic
city block would be needed,

699
00:40:45,084 --> 00:40:47,214
which is about 6.4 acres.

700
00:40:47,354 --> 00:40:50,901
If we extrapolate this in the context
of the city of Los Angeles, California

701
00:40:51,041 --> 00:40:54,620
(where I'm coming from) with a
population of about 4 million,

702
00:40:54,760 --> 00:40:58,430
with a total acreage
of about 318,000

703
00:40:58,570 --> 00:41:02,843
it would take roughly 78
structures to feed all residents.

704
00:41:03,469 --> 00:41:08,540
This amounts to about 0.1% of the
total land area of Los Angeles,

705
00:41:08,953 --> 00:41:11,180
to feed the entire population.

706
00:41:12,106 --> 00:41:14,112
If we apply this
extrapolation to the Earth

707
00:41:14,252 --> 00:41:17,994
and the human population of 7.2
billion, we end up needing about

708
00:41:18,134 --> 00:41:21,911
144,000 vertical farms
to feed the whole world.

709
00:41:22,051 --> 00:41:26,874
This amounts to about 921,000 acres
of land to place these farms

710
00:41:27,014 --> 00:41:30,034
which, given about 38%
of the Earth's land

711
00:41:30,174 --> 00:41:33,012
is currently being used for
traditional agriculture,

712
00:41:33,152 --> 00:41:36,499
we find that we only
need about 0.006%

713
00:41:36,639 --> 00:41:39,167
of the Earth's existing
agricultural land

714
00:41:39,307 --> 00:41:41,560
to meet production requirements.

715
00:41:41,700 --> 00:41:43,700
Let's be a little bit
more consistent.

716
00:41:43,870 --> 00:41:46,938
Within that 38% land-use
statistic for agriculture,

717
00:41:47,078 --> 00:41:49,972
much of that land is also used
for livestock cultivation,

718
00:41:50,112 --> 00:41:52,444
not just crop cultivation.

719
00:41:52,584 --> 00:41:54,914
So, if we were to
theoretically take

720
00:41:55,054 --> 00:41:58,660
only the crop production
land currently being used,

721
00:41:58,800 --> 00:42:03,021
which is about 4 billion acres,
replacing land-based cultivation

722
00:42:03,161 --> 00:42:08,300
by dropping these 30-story vertical
farms side-by-side in theory,

723
00:42:08,865 --> 00:42:12,798
the food output would be enough to
meet the nutritional needs to feed

724
00:42:12,938 --> 00:42:15,810
34.4 trillion people.

725
00:42:18,417 --> 00:42:22,619
Given that we only need to
feed about 9 billion by 2050,

726
00:42:22,759 --> 00:42:28,681
we only need to harness about 0.02%
of this theoretical capacity, which

727
00:42:28,832 --> 00:42:32,971
it could be argued, makes rather moot
any seemingly practical objections

728
00:42:33,111 --> 00:42:36,160
common to the aforementioned
extrapolation.

729
00:42:36,300 --> 00:42:40,487
In short, we have absolute
global food abundance potential.

730
00:42:42,007 --> 00:42:43,365
Water.

731
00:42:43,505 --> 00:42:46,514
According to the World Health
Organization about 2.6 billion people-

732
00:42:46,654 --> 00:42:49,468
half of the developing world-
lack proper sanitation

733
00:42:49,608 --> 00:42:52,396
and about 1.1 billion
people have no access

734
00:42:52,536 --> 00:42:54,723
to any type of clean
drinking sources.

735
00:42:54,863 --> 00:42:57,974
Due to ongoing
depletion, by 2025,

736
00:42:58,114 --> 00:43:01,046
it is estimated that
almost 2 billion people

737
00:43:01,186 --> 00:43:04,137
will live in areas plagued
by water scarcity

738
00:43:04,277 --> 00:43:07,461
with 2/3 of the entire
world population living

739
00:43:07,601 --> 00:43:10,041
in water-stressed areas.

740
00:43:11,180 --> 00:43:14,160
The cause?
Obviously waste and pollution.

741
00:43:14,300 --> 00:43:16,684
But I'm not going
to talk about that-

742
00:43:16,824 --> 00:43:19,359
the details, causes and prevention;
that's not the point of this.

743
00:43:19,500 --> 00:43:23,219
Rather, let's take again, a
technological capacity approach only,

744
00:43:23,359 --> 00:43:27,924
considering modern purification
and modern desalination systems

745
00:43:28,064 --> 00:43:30,373
on the macro-industrial scale.

746
00:43:31,400 --> 00:43:33,188
Purification.

747
00:43:33,328 --> 00:43:38,600
The average person today globally
uses about 1,385m³ of water per year.

748
00:43:38,740 --> 00:43:43,200
This factors in all industrial
activity as well, such as agriculture.

749
00:43:43,907 --> 00:43:46,920
For the sake of argument, let's
consider what it would take to purify

750
00:43:47,060 --> 00:43:52,917
all the fresh water currently being
used in the world on average annually.

751
00:43:53,411 --> 00:43:57,590
Given the global
average of 1,385m³

752
00:43:57,730 --> 00:44:00,080
and a population of 7.2 billion,

753
00:44:00,220 --> 00:44:03,902
we arrive at a total annual
use of about 10 trillion m³.

754
00:44:05,004 --> 00:44:10,560
Using a New York State USA
UV-disinfection plant as a base measure,

755
00:44:11,120 --> 00:44:15,123
which has an output capacity of roughly
3 billion cubic meters a year,

756
00:44:15,500 --> 00:44:18,945
taking up about 3.7
acres of land,

757
00:44:19,085 --> 00:44:22,030
we would need 3,327 plants

758
00:44:22,170 --> 00:44:27,109
to purify all the water used by
the entire global population,

759
00:44:27,249 --> 00:44:30,182
taking up about
12,000 acres of land.

760
00:44:30,884 --> 00:44:33,959
Needless to say, there are many
other factors that come into play,

761
00:44:34,099 --> 00:44:36,731
such as power needs, location, and the like.
That's fair enough.

762
00:44:36,871 --> 00:44:39,465
However, this is a
minor inconvenience.

763
00:44:39,605 --> 00:44:41,874
12,000 acres is
nothing compared to

764
00:44:42,014 --> 00:44:46,112
the 36 billion acres of
land on the planet Earth.

765
00:44:47,183 --> 00:44:50,471
To give this a more practical
example, the US military

766
00:44:50,611 --> 00:44:54,788
alone has about 845,000
military bases

767
00:44:55,800 --> 00:44:58,109
and buildings, I
should say, as well.

768
00:44:58,249 --> 00:45:02,939
This has been reported to take up about
30 million acres of land globally.

769
00:45:03,954 --> 00:45:08,327
Only 0.04% of that
land would be needed

770
00:45:08,467 --> 00:45:12,360
to disinfect the total fresh
water use of the entire world

771
00:45:12,500 --> 00:45:15,839
if that were even needed,
which of course it is not.

772
00:45:16,975 --> 00:45:18,545
Desalination.

773
00:45:18,946 --> 00:45:22,378
Let's run the same theoretical
extrapolation on desalination.

774
00:45:22,518 --> 00:45:26,044
The most common method of desalination
used today is called reverse osmosis,

775
00:45:26,184 --> 00:45:29,459
and according the International
Desalination Association,

776
00:45:29,600 --> 00:45:33,500
it accounts for 60% of the
installed capacity globally.

777
00:45:33,640 --> 00:45:36,719
There are a lot of other methods
that are emerging quite rapidly

778
00:45:36,859 --> 00:45:40,285
with high levels of efficiency [which]
can move water much more quickly.

779
00:45:40,385 --> 00:45:42,385
But I'm not going to talk about that.
I want to stay only

780
00:45:42,485 --> 00:45:44,485
within the common
methods applied today.

781
00:45:44,585 --> 00:45:46,585
But keep in mind that
everything I'm speaking of

782
00:45:46,685 --> 00:45:49,235
has dramatic improvements
coming very soon.

783
00:45:49,358 --> 00:45:51,358
There's an advanced
reversed osmosis

784
00:45:51,469 --> 00:45:53,935
seawater desalinization
plant in Australia

785
00:45:54,075 --> 00:45:57,710
that can produce about 150
million m³ of fresh water a year

786
00:45:57,850 --> 00:46:00,318
while occupying about 50 acres.

787
00:46:00,458 --> 00:46:03,809
Given the total annual water
use of the world today,

788
00:46:03,949 --> 00:46:06,629
- it's about 10 trillion
cubic meters again -

789
00:46:06,769 --> 00:46:09,147
it would take about
60,000 plants to produce

790
00:46:09,287 --> 00:46:11,691
current global water
usage in total.

791
00:46:11,831 --> 00:46:14,660
Using the dimensions of that
plant, which is quite large,

792
00:46:14,800 --> 00:46:18,322
such a feat would take about
18,000 miles of coast land,

793
00:46:18,462 --> 00:46:21,839
or about 8.5% of the
world's coast land.

794
00:46:22,408 --> 00:46:25,501
Obviously, that's not really ideal,
that's a lot of coast land,

795
00:46:25,641 --> 00:46:27,788
but this exercise is
about proportion.

796
00:46:27,928 --> 00:46:31,140
Clearly, we do not need to
desalinate all water used,

797
00:46:31,280 --> 00:46:34,440
nor would we bypass the use
of purification processes

798
00:46:34,580 --> 00:46:39,476
or ignore the vast reforms needed to
preserve efficiency and fresh water

799
00:46:39,616 --> 00:46:43,559
or, equally as important, the reuse
schemes that are coming to fruition

800
00:46:43,700 --> 00:46:46,567
where buildings are able to
use water in multiple ways

801
00:46:46,707 --> 00:46:49,914
by recycling water that comes
from a sink into toilets,

802
00:46:50,054 --> 00:46:54,107
and other mechanisms that unfortunately
go unused for the vast majority.

803
00:46:55,159 --> 00:46:58,208
Let's do a slightly more practical
real life extrapolation,

804
00:46:58,348 --> 00:47:00,916
combining only purification
and desalination

805
00:47:01,056 --> 00:47:03,980
with actual regional
scarcity statistics.

806
00:47:04,299 --> 00:47:07,591
On the continent of Africa,
roughly 345 million people

807
00:47:07,731 --> 00:47:09,743
lack access to freshwater.

808
00:47:09,883 --> 00:47:12,613
If we apply the noted global
average consumption rate

809
00:47:12,753 --> 00:47:15,860
again of 1,385m³ a year,

810
00:47:16,135 --> 00:47:20,400
seeking to provide each of those
345 million people that amount,

811
00:47:20,800 --> 00:47:24,800
we would need about 480 billion
cubic meters produced annually.

812
00:47:25,400 --> 00:47:29,261
If we divided this number in half
and use purification systems

813
00:47:29,401 --> 00:47:32,281
for one section and
desalination for the other,

814
00:47:32,421 --> 00:47:35,582
the desalination process
would need about 1.9%

815
00:47:35,722 --> 00:47:40,083
or 494 miles of coastline for
desalination facilities,

816
00:47:40,808 --> 00:47:45,758
and only about 296 acres of land
for purification facilities,

817
00:47:45,898 --> 00:47:49,185
which is a minuscule fraction
of Africa's total land mass

818
00:47:49,325 --> 00:47:51,343
of about 7 billion acres.

819
00:47:51,483 --> 00:47:54,489
So, this is highly doable
even in this crude example.

820
00:47:54,629 --> 00:47:59,823
In all cases, we would strategically
maximize purification processes

821
00:47:59,963 --> 00:48:02,134
since it is clearly
more efficient

822
00:48:02,274 --> 00:48:06,069
while using desalination
for the remaining demand.

823
00:48:06,663 --> 00:48:08,938
In short, it's absurd for
anyone on this planet

824
00:48:09,078 --> 00:48:12,376
to be going without freshwater,
not to mention, as an aside,

825
00:48:12,516 --> 00:48:16,458
70% of all freshwater used today

826
00:48:16,598 --> 00:48:22,127
is used in agriculture in our grossly
wasteful agricultural methods. 70%!

827
00:48:22,921 --> 00:48:25,810
If we, for example, apply
again vertical farm systems

828
00:48:25,950 --> 00:48:30,438
which have been noted to reduce water
by upwards of 80% in comparison,

829
00:48:30,678 --> 00:48:32,295
we would see an
enormous freeing up

830
00:48:32,435 --> 00:48:36,147
of this unnecessarily
scarce resource as well.

831
00:48:36,487 --> 00:48:38,280
Moving on to Energy.

832
00:48:38,420 --> 00:48:42,800
We live in one massive perpetual
motion machine known as the Universe.

833
00:48:43,229 --> 00:48:46,660
The fact that we still use polluting
fossil fuel stores in the Earth

834
00:48:46,800 --> 00:48:49,590
or the incredibly unstable
nuclear phenomenon

835
00:48:49,730 --> 00:48:52,760
which gives very little
room for human fallibility

836
00:48:52,900 --> 00:48:54,976
is truly frightening.

837
00:48:55,640 --> 00:48:58,861
There are four main
large capacity

838
00:48:59,001 --> 00:49:02,345
"base-load," as they would
say, renewable energy means

839
00:49:02,485 --> 00:49:04,708
which are currently most ideal

840
00:49:04,848 --> 00:49:08,057
as per our current state of
technological application.

841
00:49:08,197 --> 00:49:11,111
These are geothermal
plants, wind farms,

842
00:49:11,251 --> 00:49:14,060
solar fields, and
water-based power.

843
00:49:14,200 --> 00:49:16,766
Due to time I'm not going to
explain what these mediums are

844
00:49:16,906 --> 00:49:19,242
as I assume most know.
I'm just going to run through

845
00:49:19,382 --> 00:49:21,367
the abundance comparison.

846
00:49:21,507 --> 00:49:22,685
Geothermal.

847
00:49:22,825 --> 00:49:25,610
A 2006 MIT report on
geothermal found that

848
00:49:25,750 --> 00:49:29,326
13,000 zettajoules of power are
currently available in the Earth

849
00:49:29,466 --> 00:49:32,690
with the possibility of 2000
zettajoules being harvestable

850
00:49:32,830 --> 00:49:35,180
with improved technology.

851
00:49:35,452 --> 00:49:38,255
The total energy consumption of
all the countries on the planet

852
00:49:38,395 --> 00:49:41,337
is only about half a
zettajoule a year.

853
00:49:41,477 --> 00:49:44,230
This means literally thousands
of years of planetary power

854
00:49:44,370 --> 00:49:47,033
could be harnessed in
this medium alone.

855
00:49:47,173 --> 00:49:51,870
Geothermal energy also uses much
less land than other energy sources.

856
00:49:52,592 --> 00:49:55,523
Over 30 years, a period of
time commonly used to compare

857
00:49:55,663 --> 00:49:59,562
the life cycle impacts from
different power sources,

858
00:49:59,984 --> 00:50:03,385
it was found that a
geothermal facility

859
00:50:03,525 --> 00:50:08,860
uses 404 m² of land
per gigawatt hour

860
00:50:09,000 --> 00:50:10,838
while a coal facility

861
00:50:10,978 --> 00:50:15,968
uses 3,632 m² per gigawatt hour.

862
00:50:16,688 --> 00:50:19,859
If we were to do a basic
comparison of geothermal to coal

863
00:50:20,000 --> 00:50:22,897
given this ratio of m² to GWh

864
00:50:23,037 --> 00:50:25,343
we find that we could fit
about 9 geothermal plants

865
00:50:25,483 --> 00:50:27,674
in the space of one coal plant.

866
00:50:27,814 --> 00:50:30,892
And that isn't accounting
for the vast amount of land

867
00:50:31,032 --> 00:50:33,032
that is currently used
for coal extraction-

868
00:50:33,165 --> 00:50:36,360
you know, those huge holes
that we see in the earth.

869
00:50:36,500 --> 00:50:39,048
By the way, the beauty of
geothermal, and in fact,

870
00:50:39,188 --> 00:50:43,240
all of the renewables I'm going
to speak of, is that extraction

871
00:50:43,380 --> 00:50:47,303
or the harnessing location is
almost always the exact same place

872
00:50:47,443 --> 00:50:50,933
as processing for the power
distribution as well.

873
00:50:51,073 --> 00:50:54,960
All hydrocarbon sources on the
other hand require both extraction

874
00:50:55,100 --> 00:50:58,675
and power production facilities
almost always in separate locations,

875
00:50:58,815 --> 00:51:02,122
sometimes refineries as well,
in separate locations.

876
00:51:02,769 --> 00:51:06,627
In 2013, it was announced that
a 1,000 megawatt power station

877
00:51:06,767 --> 00:51:08,948
was to begin construction
in Ethiopia.

878
00:51:09,088 --> 00:51:13,000
We're going to use this as a base,
theoretical for extrapolation.

879
00:51:13,769 --> 00:51:18,300
If a 1000-megawatt geothermal power
station operated at full capacity

880
00:51:18,730 --> 00:51:21,265
24 hours a day, 365 days a year,

881
00:51:21,405 --> 00:51:25,700
it would produce 8.7
million MWh a year.

882
00:51:26,261 --> 00:51:29,458
The world's current annual
energy usage is about

883
00:51:29,598 --> 00:51:34,642
153 billion MWh a year, which would
mean it would take in abstraction

884
00:51:34,782 --> 00:51:38,831
about 17,000 geothermal
plants to match global use.

885
00:51:40,160 --> 00:51:44,997
There are over 2,300 coal power
plants in operation worldwide today.

886
00:51:45,137 --> 00:51:48,701
Using the aforementioned
plant-sized capacity comparison

887
00:51:48,841 --> 00:51:52,667
of about nine geothermal plants
fitting into one coal plant,

888
00:51:52,807 --> 00:51:57,084
the space of 1,940 coal plants
would be needed in theory

889
00:51:57,224 --> 00:52:00,625
to contain the 17,000
geothermal plants

890
00:52:00,765 --> 00:52:04,403
or 84% of the total
in existence.

891
00:52:04,870 --> 00:52:07,669
Also, given that coal
accounts for only 41%

892
00:52:07,809 --> 00:52:09,860
of today's current
energy production,

893
00:52:10,000 --> 00:52:12,684
this theoretical
extrapolation also shows

894
00:52:12,824 --> 00:52:17,420
how in 84% of the current
space used by coal plants,

895
00:52:17,560 --> 00:52:24,011
geothermal could supply 100%
of total global power supply.

896
00:52:25,646 --> 00:52:27,508
Wind Farms.

897
00:52:27,648 --> 00:52:30,762
It's been calculated that today
with existing turbine technology,

898
00:52:30,902 --> 00:52:33,108
which is improving rapidly,
that Earth could produce

899
00:52:33,248 --> 00:52:36,040
hundreds of trillions of watts
of power, many more times

900
00:52:36,180 --> 00:52:38,871
than what the world
consumes, overall.

901
00:52:39,011 --> 00:52:41,649
However, breaking this
down, using the 9,000 acre

902
00:52:41,789 --> 00:52:45,034
Alta Wind Center in California
as a theoretical basis,

903
00:52:45,174 --> 00:52:50,509
which has an active capacity
of 1,320 MW of power,

904
00:52:50,649 --> 00:52:54,986
a theoretical annual output of
11 million MWh is possible.

905
00:52:55,536 --> 00:52:58,780
This means 13,000

906
00:52:59,209 --> 00:53:02,422
9,000-acre wind farms
would be needed to meet

907
00:53:02,562 --> 00:53:06,800
total global demand
of 153 billion MWh.

908
00:53:07,487 --> 00:53:11,029
This requires about 119
million acres of land

909
00:53:11,169 --> 00:53:15,500
or 0.3% of the Earth's surface

910
00:53:15,790 --> 00:53:18,618
to power the world
in abstraction.

911
00:53:18,758 --> 00:53:21,796
However as some may
know, offshore wind

912
00:53:21,936 --> 00:53:24,636
is typically much more
powerful than land-based.

913
00:53:24,776 --> 00:53:27,190
According to the Assessment

914
00:53:27,916 --> 00:53:31,980
of Offshore Wind Energy Resources
for the United States, a report:

915
00:53:32,120 --> 00:53:36,715
4,150 gigawatts of potential
wind turbine technology-

916
00:53:36,855 --> 00:53:39,615
turbine capacity- from
offshore wind resources

917
00:53:39,755 --> 00:53:43,060
are available in the
United States alone.

918
00:53:43,200 --> 00:53:46,778
Assuming this power capacity was
consistent for a whole year,

919
00:53:46,918 --> 00:53:51,658
we end up with an energy conversion
of 36 billion MWh a year.

920
00:53:52,171 --> 00:53:54,697
Given the United States in 2010

921
00:53:54,837 --> 00:53:57,860
used 25.7 billion MWh,

922
00:53:58,216 --> 00:54:01,073
we find that offshore
wind harvesting alone

923
00:54:01,213 --> 00:54:03,535
could exceed the national use

924
00:54:03,675 --> 00:54:08,000
by about 10.6
billion MWh or 41%.

925
00:54:08,706 --> 00:54:11,653
And axiomatically,
extrapolating this national

926
00:54:11,793 --> 00:54:15,181
level of capacity to the rest
of the world's coast lines,

927
00:54:16,035 --> 00:54:20,302
also taking into account the
aforementioned land-based statistics,

928
00:54:20,890 --> 00:54:24,818
it is clear that we can power
the world many, many times over

929
00:54:24,958 --> 00:54:27,438
with wind, and
quite practically.

930
00:54:28,924 --> 00:54:30,739
Solar Fields.

931
00:54:31,633 --> 00:54:35,498
If humanity could capture 0.1% of the
solar energy striking the Earth,

932
00:54:35,638 --> 00:54:37,991
we would have access to
six times as much energy

933
00:54:38,131 --> 00:54:40,589
we consume in all forms today.

934
00:54:40,729 --> 00:54:43,214
The ability to harness this
power depends on technology

935
00:54:43,354 --> 00:54:46,999
and how high the percentage
of radiation conversion is.

936
00:54:47,662 --> 00:54:51,142
The Ivanpah Solar Electric
System in California:

937
00:54:51,282 --> 00:54:53,601
it's a 3,500-acre field

938
00:54:53,741 --> 00:54:57,314
with an annual stated generation
of about one million MWh.

939
00:54:57,454 --> 00:55:01,250
If we were to extrapolate using
this as a theoretical basis,

940
00:55:02,476 --> 00:55:07,520
it would take about 142,000 fields
or about 500 million acres of land

941
00:55:07,660 --> 00:55:10,654
to theoretically meet
current global energy use.

942
00:55:10,794 --> 00:55:14,368
That's about 1.5% of
total land on Earth.

943
00:55:15,228 --> 00:55:20,040
Deserts cover about 1/3 of the
world or about 12 billion acres,

944
00:55:20,180 --> 00:55:23,146
and they tend to be fairly
conducive to solar fields,

945
00:55:23,286 --> 00:55:26,746
while often less conducive
to life support for people.

946
00:55:26,886 --> 00:55:30,640
Given the roughly
500 million acres

947
00:55:30,780 --> 00:55:33,372
theoretically needed to
power the world as noted,

948
00:55:33,512 --> 00:55:37,038
only 4.1% of the world's
deserts would be needed

949
00:55:37,178 --> 00:55:39,360
to contain these fields,

950
00:55:39,500 --> 00:55:42,446
land that pretty much just
otherwise sits there.

951
00:55:44,122 --> 00:55:45,794
Water-Based Power.

952
00:55:45,934 --> 00:55:49,774
There are five dominant types of
water-based power: wave, tidal,

953
00:55:49,914 --> 00:55:51,950
ocean current, osmotic,

954
00:55:52,090 --> 00:55:54,726
ocean thermal, and water course.

955
00:55:54,866 --> 00:55:58,195
Overall, the technology for
harnessing ocean in general

956
00:55:58,335 --> 00:56:01,284
is in its infancy, but
the potential is vast.

957
00:56:01,424 --> 00:56:04,008
And based on
traditional estimates

958
00:56:04,148 --> 00:56:07,303
here is what the accepted
global potentials

959
00:56:07,443 --> 00:56:10,823
have been estimated at
using existing methods;

960
00:56:10,963 --> 00:56:15,243
we're not applying advanced technology
that's not in application yet.

961
00:56:16,084 --> 00:56:20,596
This all figures up to be
about 150,000 TWh/year

962
00:56:20,736 --> 00:56:23,587
or 96% of current global use

963
00:56:24,094 --> 00:56:26,360
of the half of a zettajoule,

964
00:56:26,500 --> 00:56:30,911
pretty much enough to power the world
in one medium alone if applied.

965
00:56:31,451 --> 00:56:34,025
However to give a sense of
growing technological potential

966
00:56:34,165 --> 00:56:37,108
(because I think this is important
considering how technology

967
00:56:37,248 --> 00:56:40,969
and water-oriented power
is deeply in its infancy)

968
00:56:41,109 --> 00:56:44,453
recent developments in 'ocean
current' harnessing technology

969
00:56:44,593 --> 00:56:46,668
(the currents that go
underneath the ocean)

970
00:56:46,808 --> 00:56:49,760
which can embrace much lower
speeds now than they used to,

971
00:56:49,900 --> 00:56:53,035
it has estimated that ocean
current alone could now

972
00:56:53,175 --> 00:56:57,000
theoretically power the entire
world if applied correctly.

973
00:56:58,779 --> 00:57:00,346
So, let's recap.

974
00:57:00,810 --> 00:57:03,713
Wind, solar, water and
geothermal have shown,

975
00:57:03,853 --> 00:57:06,800
as large scale, base-load
renewable energy mediums,

976
00:57:06,940 --> 00:57:11,216
that they are capable, individually,
of meeting or vastly exceeding

977
00:57:11,356 --> 00:57:14,678
current annual global energy
consumption at this time.

978
00:57:14,818 --> 00:57:19,341
And obviously a systems approach,
harmonizing an optimized fraction

979
00:57:19,481 --> 00:57:22,340
of each of those renewables
strategically is the key

980
00:57:22,480 --> 00:57:26,173
to achieving a global,
total energy abundance.

981
00:57:26,929 --> 00:57:29,277
For example, it's not
inconceivable to imagine

982
00:57:29,417 --> 00:57:32,010
a series of man-made
floating islands

983
00:57:32,150 --> 00:57:35,872
off select coastlines which are
designed to harness, at once,

984
00:57:36,012 --> 00:57:40,860
wind, solar, thermal difference,
wave, tidal and currents,

985
00:57:41,000 --> 00:57:43,630
all at the same time and
in the same general area.

986
00:57:43,770 --> 00:57:47,586
Such energy islands would then
pipe their harvest back to land

987
00:57:47,726 --> 00:57:49,836
for storage and distribution.

988
00:57:49,976 --> 00:57:54,279
It is only up to our design ingenuity
to figure things like this out.

989
00:57:55,712 --> 00:57:58,027
Localization and Reuse.

990
00:57:58,167 --> 00:58:00,395
The final energy factor
I want to mention,

991
00:58:00,535 --> 00:58:03,591
which builds upon this
systems-thinking explicitly,

992
00:58:03,731 --> 00:58:07,500
has to do with localization
and re-use schemes.

993
00:58:08,416 --> 00:58:11,323
Localized energy harnessing
isn't given a fraction

994
00:58:11,463 --> 00:58:13,588
of the attention it needs today.

995
00:58:13,728 --> 00:58:16,449
Smaller scale renewable methods
which are conducive to

996
00:58:16,590 --> 00:58:18,894
single structures or small areas

997
00:58:19,034 --> 00:58:22,430
find the same systems logic,
regarding combination.

998
00:58:22,943 --> 00:58:26,411
These local systems could also, if
need be, connect back into the larger

999
00:58:26,551 --> 00:58:30,812
base-load systems, creating a total,
mixed medium, integrated network

1000
00:58:30,952 --> 00:58:33,981
which happens sometimes
today with solar.

1001
00:58:34,121 --> 00:58:37,009
There are many localized systems
out there which can draw energy

1002
00:58:37,150 --> 00:58:40,379
from the immediate environment:
there's solar power arrays,

1003
00:58:40,519 --> 00:58:42,909
there's small wind
harvesting systems,

1004
00:58:43,050 --> 00:58:45,234
localized geothermal
heating and cooling

1005
00:58:45,374 --> 00:58:48,404
and even architectural design
that just simply makes

1006
00:58:48,544 --> 00:58:51,388
natural light and heat/cool
preservation more efficient.

1007
00:58:51,528 --> 00:58:53,579
Buckminster Fuller was great
with his dome structures

1008
00:58:53,720 --> 00:58:57,361
and how they actually contained
energy quite well. Same idea.

1009
00:58:57,501 --> 00:58:59,952
Extending outwards to
city infrastructure

1010
00:59:00,092 --> 00:59:04,033
we see the same wasted possible
efficiency almost everywhere.

1011
00:59:04,173 --> 00:59:06,883
A simple technology
called piezoelectric

1012
00:59:07,023 --> 00:59:11,315
is able to convert pressure and mechanical
energy directly into electricity.

1013
00:59:11,455 --> 00:59:15,357
It's an excellent example of an energy
reuse method with great potential.

1014
00:59:15,497 --> 00:59:17,892
Existing applications have
included power generation

1015
00:59:18,032 --> 00:59:21,757
by people simply walking on these
engineered floors and sidewalks,

1016
00:59:21,897 --> 00:59:25,079
streets which can generate power
as automobiles cross over them,

1017
00:59:25,220 --> 00:59:28,009
and train rail systems which
can also capture energy

1018
00:59:28,150 --> 00:59:31,006
from passing train
cars through pressure.

1019
00:59:31,146 --> 00:59:34,650
It has been suggested by
people who have studied this

1020
00:59:34,790 --> 00:59:38,240
that a stretch of road
less than one mile long,

1021
00:59:38,380 --> 00:59:40,543
four lanes wide, a highway,

1022
00:59:40,683 --> 00:59:43,422
and trafficked by about
1,000 vehicles per hour

1023
00:59:43,562 --> 00:59:46,249
can create about 0.4
Megawatt of power,

1024
00:59:46,390 --> 00:59:49,182
which is enough to
power 600 homes.

1025
00:59:49,322 --> 00:59:52,491
Now extrapolate that out to the bulk
of all the highways in the world;

1026
00:59:52,631 --> 00:59:56,071
you have a very, very powerful
regenerative energy source.

1027
00:59:57,751 --> 01:00:01,098
Overall, if we think about the
enormous mechanical energy wasted

1028
01:00:01,238 --> 01:00:04,758
by vehicle transport modes and
high-traffic walking centers alone,

1029
01:00:04,898 --> 01:00:07,980
the potential of that possible
regenerated energy is quite substantial.

1030
01:00:08,120 --> 01:00:10,686
It's this systems-thinking
once again that is needed

1031
01:00:10,826 --> 01:00:13,169
in order to maintain
sustainability,

1032
01:00:13,310 --> 01:00:17,819
while also pursuing this
global energy abundance.

1033
01:00:18,651 --> 01:00:21,637
The final more complex
subject, energy aside,

1034
01:00:21,777 --> 01:00:24,703
will be the subject
of material abundance

1035
01:00:24,843 --> 01:00:26,890
and creating
life-supporting goods.

1036
01:00:28,363 --> 01:00:32,621
Unlike the prior, more simple
post-scarcity categories of food,

1037
01:00:32,761 --> 01:00:37,270
water and energy, the creation
of a broad material abundance

1038
01:00:37,410 --> 01:00:41,460
of all basic goods, which comprise
the current average, you could say,

1039
01:00:41,600 --> 01:00:45,029
of what is culturally considered a
'high standard of living' today

1040
01:00:45,169 --> 01:00:47,481
is substantially more
radical in its need

1041
01:00:47,621 --> 01:00:50,481
for industrial
revision and change.

1042
01:00:51,075 --> 01:00:54,889
As expressed before, the current
highly inefficient methods

1043
01:00:55,029 --> 01:00:59,342
we use in industrial design, production,
distribution and regeneration

1044
01:00:59,482 --> 01:01:01,949
is one of the main reasons
we are in a constant state

1045
01:01:02,090 --> 01:01:04,336
of global resource overshoot

1046
01:01:04,476 --> 01:01:07,680
and destabilizing
biodiversity loss.

1047
01:01:08,515 --> 01:01:11,749
Also as noted prior, there
is no market incentive

1048
01:01:11,889 --> 01:01:13,889
for advanced states
of efficiency,

1049
01:01:14,026 --> 01:01:16,889
as efficiency always reduces
the amount of labor,

1050
01:01:17,029 --> 01:01:20,374
resources and service
needed for a given purpose;

1051
01:01:20,514 --> 01:01:23,231
and hence, reduces
monetary circulation.

1052
01:01:23,371 --> 01:01:25,503
I can't reinforce that enough.

1053
01:01:25,643 --> 01:01:29,420
Therefore, a new synergistic
systems-view of industry

1054
01:01:29,560 --> 01:01:33,415
focused explicitly on material
and labor efficiency,

1055
01:01:33,555 --> 01:01:37,647
along with an optimized strategy
for sustainability, is in order.

1056
01:01:38,179 --> 01:01:43,012
For the sake of time and as a lead-in
to the final section on calculation,

1057
01:01:43,152 --> 01:01:45,644
I'm going to focus on a few
principles or protocols

1058
01:01:45,784 --> 01:01:48,883
and how each protocol
assists efficiency

1059
01:01:49,023 --> 01:01:51,761
towards this
post-scarcity abundance.

1060
01:01:51,901 --> 01:01:54,503
Otherwise it would take an
enormous amount of time;

1061
01:01:54,633 --> 01:01:56,633
it's not as simple as the
prior extrapolations.

1062
01:01:56,737 --> 01:01:59,026
However, in this book that I mentioned
there will be a whole chapter

1063
01:01:59,166 --> 01:02:02,451
dedicated to this issue
in great detail.

1064
01:02:06,790 --> 01:02:08,826
(1) Access, not property.

1065
01:02:09,633 --> 01:02:13,218
A property-based society
incentivizes the preference to own

1066
01:02:13,900 --> 01:02:16,420
a given product,
rather than rent,

1067
01:02:17,266 --> 01:02:19,489
or gain access to as needed.

1068
01:02:19,629 --> 01:02:22,939
I'm a filmmaker and while I do
rent some things occasionally,

1069
01:02:23,080 --> 01:02:26,382
it's much more cost-effective
and smart to buy things

1070
01:02:26,522 --> 01:02:28,907
because they have resale value.

1071
01:02:29,047 --> 01:02:32,045
This incentive of universal
ownership is incredibly wasteful

1072
01:02:32,185 --> 01:02:35,883
when we examine actual use
time of a given good.

1073
01:02:36,740 --> 01:02:40,698
Facilitating a means of access where
things can be literally shared

1074
01:02:40,838 --> 01:02:44,573
will allow many more to gain use
of goods they otherwise could not,

1075
01:02:44,713 --> 01:02:48,496
along with there being less production
of those goods in proportion.

1076
01:02:48,609 --> 01:02:50,609
In a Natural Law/Resource
Based Economy

1077
01:02:50,720 --> 01:02:55,264
we seek to create an access
abundance, not a property abundance

1078
01:02:55,404 --> 01:02:57,729
which is inherently wasteful.

1079
01:02:57,869 --> 01:03:01,616
As an aside, it's also important
to note that property

1080
01:03:01,756 --> 01:03:03,979
is not an empirical concept.

1081
01:03:04,119 --> 01:03:06,899
Only access is
empirically valid.

1082
01:03:07,102 --> 01:03:09,843
Property is a protectionist
contrivance.

1083
01:03:10,021 --> 01:03:13,153
Access is the reality of the
social and human condition.

1084
01:03:13,293 --> 01:03:16,005
In order for you to truly
say "own" a computer,

1085
01:03:16,145 --> 01:03:18,193
you have to have had alone

1086
01:03:18,333 --> 01:03:22,096
come up with the entire technological
process that made that thing

1087
01:03:22,236 --> 01:03:24,449
along with the ideas
that comprise the tools

1088
01:03:24,589 --> 01:03:26,618
you might have used to
make that computer.

1089
01:03:26,758 --> 01:03:29,116
This is literally impossible

1090
01:03:29,256 --> 01:03:32,928
and is what destroys the
early labor theory of value

1091
01:03:33,068 --> 01:03:36,421
(property is stuff that's put
forward by classical economists).

1092
01:03:36,561 --> 01:03:39,790
There's no such thing as property.
There is only access and sharing,

1093
01:03:39,930 --> 01:03:42,926
no matter what social
system you employ.

1094
01:03:44,274 --> 01:03:46,518
(2) Designed-in Recycling

1095
01:03:46,658 --> 01:03:49,532
Contrary to our intuition, there
is no such thing as waste

1096
01:03:49,672 --> 01:03:51,277
in the natural world.

1097
01:03:51,417 --> 01:03:54,050
Not only from the standpoint
of the biosphere which reuses

1098
01:03:54,190 --> 01:03:55,893
everything in its process,

1099
01:03:56,033 --> 01:04:00,968
the 92 main naturally occurring
elements in the periodic table

1100
01:04:01,108 --> 01:04:04,724
that comprise all matter
cannot be exhausted.

1101
01:04:05,251 --> 01:04:08,174
Humanity has given very little
consideration to the role

1102
01:04:08,314 --> 01:04:11,842
of material regeneration, and
how all of our design practices

1103
01:04:11,982 --> 01:04:14,836
must account for this recycling.

1104
01:04:15,479 --> 01:04:18,342
In fact, as some may know, the
highest state of this recycling

1105
01:04:18,482 --> 01:04:21,016
will eventually come in the
form of nanotechnology.

1106
01:04:21,156 --> 01:04:23,894
Nanotechnology will eventually
be able to create goods

1107
01:04:24,034 --> 01:04:28,195
from the atomic level up and
disassemble them right back down

1108
01:04:28,335 --> 01:04:30,855
to the almost virtual
starting point.

1109
01:04:30,995 --> 01:04:34,777
It is the ultimate form of recycling.
By the way, I'm not suggesting this.

1110
01:04:34,917 --> 01:04:38,409
I'm not suggesting that nanotechnology
is even needed at this time,

1111
01:04:38,550 --> 01:04:40,608
as though that that's what
we're doing right now.

1112
01:04:40,748 --> 01:04:43,620
It's just [that] this is a
great principle to reference

1113
01:04:43,760 --> 01:04:46,795
as far as regenerative
importance.

1114
01:04:48,465 --> 01:04:51,714
Today, industry has little sense
of synergy in this context.

1115
01:04:51,854 --> 01:04:54,680
Recycling is an afterthought.
Companies continue to do things

1116
01:04:54,820 --> 01:04:58,169
such as blindly coat materials with
chemical paints, and the like,

1117
01:04:58,310 --> 01:05:00,660
that distort the properties
of those materials,

1118
01:05:00,800 --> 01:05:02,929
making the materials
less salvageable,

1119
01:05:03,070 --> 01:05:06,349
or maybe completely unsalvageable,
to current recycling methods.

1120
01:05:06,490 --> 01:05:09,129
It happens all the time.
So long story short,

1121
01:05:09,269 --> 01:05:11,809
strategic recycling
just might be

1122
01:05:11,949 --> 01:05:15,144
the most core seed of a
continued abundance.

1123
01:05:15,601 --> 01:05:19,151
Every landfill on earth is
just a waste of potential.

1124
01:05:20,262 --> 01:05:23,788
Number 3: Strategic
conformation of good design

1125
01:05:23,928 --> 01:05:26,000
to the most conducive

1126
01:05:26,140 --> 01:05:29,016
and abundant materials known.

1127
01:05:30,005 --> 01:05:33,494
You will notice this efficiency
qualification in what I just said:

1128
01:05:33,634 --> 01:05:36,224
conducive and abundant.

1129
01:05:36,364 --> 01:05:40,997
Conducive means most appropriate
based on the material properties.

1130
01:05:41,300 --> 01:05:44,539
Abundant means you weigh
the value of conduciveness

1131
01:05:44,680 --> 01:05:48,958
against the value of how accessible
and low-impact the material is,

1132
01:05:49,098 --> 01:05:53,681
compared to other materials which
may be more or less conducive.

1133
01:05:54,345 --> 01:05:57,381
This is a synergistic
efficiency comparison.

1134
01:05:57,521 --> 01:06:00,244
(I'm sorry if the language sounds
a little bit complicated.)

1135
01:06:00,384 --> 01:06:04,735
Probably the best example of this
is home or domicile construction.

1136
01:06:04,875 --> 01:06:08,061
The common use of wood, bricks,
screws and the vast array of parts

1137
01:06:08,201 --> 01:06:12,954
that is typical of a common house is
comparatively, vastly inefficient

1138
01:06:13,094 --> 01:06:18,105
to more modern, simplified
pre-fabrication or moldable materials.

1139
01:06:18,648 --> 01:06:21,450
A traditional 2000 square-foot
home requires about

1140
01:06:21,590 --> 01:06:24,109
40 to 50 trees, about an acre.

1141
01:06:24,249 --> 01:06:27,779
Compare that with houses that can be
created in prefabrication processes

1142
01:06:27,919 --> 01:06:30,664
with simple,
earth-friendly polymers,

1143
01:06:30,804 --> 01:06:34,705
concrete, or other
easily formable methods.

1144
01:06:34,845 --> 01:06:37,888
3D printing, for
example, is on pace.

1145
01:06:38,761 --> 01:06:43,640
These new approaches have a very
small footprint as compared to

1146
01:06:43,780 --> 01:06:47,058
our destruction of global forests
which continue, for wood.

1147
01:06:47,198 --> 01:06:50,138
Home construction today is one
of the most resource intensive

1148
01:06:50,278 --> 01:06:53,484
and wasteful industrial
mediums in the world,

1149
01:06:53,624 --> 01:06:57,044
with about 40% of all materials
collected for construction

1150
01:06:57,184 --> 01:06:59,438
ended up as waste in the end.

1151
01:07:01,202 --> 01:07:04,779
Number 4: Design conduciveness
for labor automation.

1152
01:07:04,920 --> 01:07:07,587
Now this is very
foreign to many.

1153
01:07:07,727 --> 01:07:10,418
The more we conform
to the current state

1154
01:07:10,558 --> 01:07:13,703
of rapid, efficient
production processes,

1155
01:07:13,843 --> 01:07:16,464
obviously, the more
abundance we can create.

1156
01:07:16,604 --> 01:07:19,832
If you read texts on
manufacturing processes,

1157
01:07:19,972 --> 01:07:22,732
they typically divide labor
into three categories.

1158
01:07:22,872 --> 01:07:26,749
There's human assembly, there's
mechanization and there's automation.

1159
01:07:26,889 --> 01:07:28,955
Human assembly means handmade,

1160
01:07:29,095 --> 01:07:32,189
mechanization means machines
assist the laborer,

1161
01:07:32,329 --> 01:07:34,948
and automation means
no human action.

1162
01:07:36,681 --> 01:07:40,064
Imagine if you needed a chair
and there were three designs.

1163
01:07:40,204 --> 01:07:44,100
The first is elaborate and complex,
and could only be done by hand.

1164
01:07:44,240 --> 01:07:46,983
The second is more streamlined
where its parts could be made

1165
01:07:47,123 --> 01:07:50,068
mostly by machines, but would
need to be assembled by hand.

1166
01:07:50,208 --> 01:07:56,691
The third chair is produced by
one process, fully automated.

1167
01:07:58,088 --> 01:08:01,367
The latter chair design
would be the design goal

1168
01:08:01,507 --> 01:08:04,290
in theory of this new approach.

1169
01:08:05,110 --> 01:08:08,356
What this would do is reduce the
complexity of the automation process

1170
01:08:08,496 --> 01:08:10,300
with little to no human labor.

1171
01:08:10,440 --> 01:08:13,986
Imagine a production plant
that not only produces cars,

1172
01:08:14,126 --> 01:08:16,974
it can produce virtually any
kind of industrial product

1173
01:08:17,113 --> 01:08:20,078
comprised of the same
basic shared materials.

1174
01:08:20,219 --> 01:08:22,004
This is very feasible.

1175
01:08:22,144 --> 01:08:24,725
This would increase
output substantially.

1176
01:08:24,866 --> 01:08:28,569
In other words, we are optimizing
the means of production.

1177
01:08:29,198 --> 01:08:32,129
And as an aside, many
who see stuff like this

1178
01:08:32,270 --> 01:08:35,232
think that this means there's not going
to be any variety in the future,

1179
01:08:35,372 --> 01:08:39,279
that it's just going to be cold and
uniform and everyone gets the same thing.

1180
01:08:39,420 --> 01:08:42,654
No. I'm just using this as an example
to make an efficiency point.

1181
01:08:42,795 --> 01:08:45,997
Being conducive to automation does
not mean universal uniformity

1182
01:08:46,136 --> 01:08:49,417
of design because the incredible
amount of variance possible

1183
01:08:49,559 --> 01:08:53,223
in our current automation technology
is amazing and accelerating.

1184
01:08:53,363 --> 01:08:57,514
Modular robotics, there's many
different self-changing machines

1185
01:08:57,654 --> 01:08:59,911
that can create a great
amount of variance.

1186
01:09:00,051 --> 01:09:03,038
All this means is the existing
processes in their current state

1187
01:09:03,180 --> 01:09:05,551
should be respected
to ease production.

1188
01:09:05,692 --> 01:09:08,959
Don't confuse this with the idea that
everyone just gets the same everything.

1189
01:09:09,100 --> 01:09:11,707
What they get is the same basic
sustainability principles,

1190
01:09:11,848 --> 01:09:15,055
which come in many different forms,
if you can understand that.

1191
01:09:15,196 --> 01:09:19,145
These four parameters set in motion,
along with the basic intent

1192
01:09:19,285 --> 01:09:23,037
to assist the trend of
ephemeralization on all levels,

1193
01:09:23,176 --> 01:09:25,845
there is little doubt
that every human being

1194
01:09:25,986 --> 01:09:28,272
could have a very high
standard of living.

1195
01:09:28,412 --> 01:09:32,327
It is simply about converting
all of the inefficiency we have

1196
01:09:32,466 --> 01:09:36,099
straight into productivity,
strategically.

1197
01:09:37,965 --> 01:09:41,504
I will conclude this section by noting that R.
Buckminster Fuller

1198
01:09:41,644 --> 01:09:44,649
is probably the only human
being that has ever attempted

1199
01:09:44,790 --> 01:09:48,341
to account and quantify the state
of resources and their potential

1200
01:09:48,482 --> 01:09:51,410
within the past hundred
years and, while primitive,

1201
01:09:51,550 --> 01:09:55,569
he was able to arrive at the
following conclusion in 1969:

1202
01:09:56,906 --> 01:10:00,762
"Man developed such intense
mechanization in World War I

1203
01:10:00,902 --> 01:10:05,561
that the percentage of total world
population that were industrial 'haves'

1204
01:10:05,701 --> 01:10:08,593
rose by 1919 to
the figure of 6%.

1205
01:10:08,713 --> 01:10:10,713
This was an abrupt
change in history.

1206
01:10:10,833 --> 01:10:13,986
By the time of World War
II, 20% of all humanity

1207
01:10:14,126 --> 01:10:16,429
had become industrial 'haves.'

1208
01:10:16,570 --> 01:10:20,665
At the present moment the proportion
of 'haves' is at 40% of humanity.

1209
01:10:20,805 --> 01:10:24,300
If we up the performances of
resources from the present level

1210
01:10:24,440 --> 01:10:28,781
to a highly feasible overall
efficiency of 12% more

1211
01:10:28,921 --> 01:10:31,963
(increasing by 12%, our use,
holistically, on average)

1212
01:10:32,103 --> 01:10:34,941
all humanity can
be provided for."

1213
01:10:35,380 --> 01:10:39,907
The exponential increase in
information technology since 1969,

1214
01:10:40,047 --> 01:10:42,122
along with the applied
technology and advanced

1215
01:10:42,362 --> 01:10:45,838
synergetic understandings
we have today,

1216
01:10:45,978 --> 01:10:48,162
I suspect, now far exceeds-...

1217
01:10:48,302 --> 01:10:52,769
we are way beyond the 12% efficiency
increase that he saw as needed.

1218
01:10:52,910 --> 01:10:58,152
The problem now is conforming to
industrial conduciveness appropriately

1219
01:10:58,590 --> 01:11:00,964
which is currently not done.

1220
01:11:01,871 --> 01:11:06,277
This leads us to Part III: Economic
Organization and Calculation.

1221
01:11:07,876 --> 01:11:09,981
If you're wondering why
I spent so much time

1222
01:11:10,121 --> 01:11:12,263
on the prior points
of post-scarcity

1223
01:11:12,403 --> 01:11:15,010
and those two core problems
inherent to market capitalism-

1224
01:11:15,150 --> 01:11:18,098
social imbalance and
environmental imbalance-

1225
01:11:18,238 --> 01:11:21,327
it's because you cannot understand
the logic of the economic factors

1226
01:11:21,467 --> 01:11:25,108
involved in this model without
those prior awarenesses.

1227
01:11:26,703 --> 01:11:30,174
A Natural Law/Resource Based Economy
is not just a progressive outgrowth

1228
01:11:30,314 --> 01:11:33,635
of our increased capacity to
be productive as a species,

1229
01:11:33,775 --> 01:11:36,531
as though we would just gradually
evolve out of the market system

1230
01:11:36,671 --> 01:11:39,159
step-by-step into this approach.

1231
01:11:39,299 --> 01:11:42,534
No. The dire need for
this system's removal

1232
01:11:42,674 --> 01:11:44,936
needs to be realized once again.

1233
01:11:45,076 --> 01:11:47,172
It has to become
a part, in fact,

1234
01:11:47,312 --> 01:11:49,981
of the incentive structure
of the new model:

1235
01:11:50,121 --> 01:11:53,506
the historical understanding that
if we do not adjust in this way

1236
01:11:53,646 --> 01:11:56,621
we will revert right back into
this highly unstable period

1237
01:11:56,761 --> 01:11:58,795
we are in right now.

1238
01:12:00,061 --> 01:12:03,265
An economic model is a
theoretical construct

1239
01:12:03,405 --> 01:12:07,787
representing component processes by
a set of variables or functions,

1240
01:12:07,927 --> 01:12:10,916
describing the logical
relationships between them.

1241
01:12:11,056 --> 01:12:12,556
Basic definition.

1242
01:12:12,658 --> 01:12:15,989
If anyone has studied traditional
or market-based economic modeling,

1243
01:12:16,130 --> 01:12:19,459
a great deal of time is often spent
on things such as price trends,

1244
01:12:19,600 --> 01:12:22,559
behavioral patterns,
utilitarianistic functions,

1245
01:12:22,699 --> 01:12:25,952
inflation, currency
fluctuations and so forth.

1246
01:12:26,453 --> 01:12:30,916
Rarely, if ever, is anything said
about public or ecological health.

1247
01:12:31,385 --> 01:12:34,979
Why? Because the market
is, again, life-blind

1248
01:12:35,120 --> 01:12:38,937
and decoupled from the science of
life support and sustainability.

1249
01:12:39,077 --> 01:12:41,727
It is simply a proxy system.

1250
01:12:43,643 --> 01:12:47,902
The best way to think about this economy
is not in the traditional terms,

1251
01:12:48,042 --> 01:12:50,491
but rather as an
advanced production,

1252
01:12:50,631 --> 01:12:55,338
distribution and management system
which is democratically engaged

1253
01:12:55,478 --> 01:12:59,174
by the public through a kind
of participatory economics

1254
01:13:00,169 --> 01:13:03,953
that facilitates input processes,
such as design proposals

1255
01:13:04,093 --> 01:13:07,845
and demand assessment, while
filtering all actions

1256
01:13:07,985 --> 01:13:13,014
through what we will call sustainability
and efficiency protocols.

1257
01:13:13,449 --> 01:13:17,167
These are the basic rules
of industrial action

1258
01:13:17,307 --> 01:13:20,808
set by natural law,
not human opinion.

1259
01:13:20,948 --> 01:13:25,000
As noted prior, neither of these
interests are structurally inherent

1260
01:13:25,140 --> 01:13:28,771
in the capitalist model, and it is
clear that humanity needs a model

1261
01:13:28,911 --> 01:13:33,164
that has this type of stuff built
right into it for consideration.

1262
01:13:34,053 --> 01:13:36,521
Structural System Goals.

1263
01:13:37,490 --> 01:13:39,985
All economic systems
have structural goals

1264
01:13:40,125 --> 01:13:42,542
which may not be
readily apparent.

1265
01:13:42,682 --> 01:13:46,013
Market capitalism's structural
goal, as described, is growth

1266
01:13:46,153 --> 01:13:50,058
and maintaining rates of consumption
high enough to keep people employed

1267
01:13:50,198 --> 01:13:55,079
at any given time, and employment
requires also a culture of real

1268
01:13:55,219 --> 01:14:00,180
or perceived inefficiency, and that
essentially means the preservation

1269
01:14:00,320 --> 01:14:05,411
of scarcity in one form or another.
That is its structural goal.

1270
01:14:05,543 --> 01:14:09,884
And good luck getting a market
economist to admit to that.

1271
01:14:11,237 --> 01:14:15,408
This model [NLRBE] goal is to
optimize technical efficiency

1272
01:14:15,548 --> 01:14:18,940
and create the highest level
of abundance we possibly can

1273
01:14:19,080 --> 01:14:22,272
within the bounds of
earthly sustainability,

1274
01:14:22,412 --> 01:14:25,415
seeking to meet human
needs directly.

1275
01:14:27,879 --> 01:14:29,917
System Overview.

1276
01:14:30,057 --> 01:14:33,890
One of the great myths of this model
is that it's centrally planned;

1277
01:14:34,030 --> 01:14:36,273
I'm sure many of us
have heard this.

1278
01:14:36,413 --> 01:14:39,818
What this means based on historical
precedent is that it is assumed

1279
01:14:39,958 --> 01:14:43,736
that an elite group of people basically
will make the economic decisions

1280
01:14:43,876 --> 01:14:46,118
for a society.

1281
01:14:46,258 --> 01:14:52,258
No. This model is a collaborative
design system: CDS.

1282
01:14:52,474 --> 01:14:54,053
Not centrally planned.

1283
01:14:54,193 --> 01:14:57,000
It is based entirely
upon public interaction

1284
01:14:57,440 --> 01:15:00,641
facilitated by programmed,
open-source systems

1285
01:15:00,781 --> 01:15:03,769
that enable a constant
dynamic feedback flow

1286
01:15:03,909 --> 01:15:06,958
that can literally allow the
input of the public on any

1287
01:15:07,098 --> 01:15:10,814
given industrial matter
whether personal or social.

1288
01:15:11,733 --> 01:15:14,169
Now a common question, when
you bring that up they say

1289
01:15:14,309 --> 01:15:16,425
"Well, who programs
this system?"

1290
01:15:16,565 --> 01:15:18,837
The answer is:
Everyone and no one.

1291
01:15:18,977 --> 01:15:21,640
The tangible rules of the
laws of nature as they apply

1292
01:15:21,780 --> 01:15:25,708
to environmental sustainability
and engineering efficiency

1293
01:15:25,848 --> 01:15:29,164
is a completely objective
frame of reference.

1294
01:15:29,304 --> 01:15:32,110
The nuances may change to
some degree over time,

1295
01:15:32,250 --> 01:15:34,621
but the general
principles remain.

1296
01:15:35,804 --> 01:15:39,139
Over time, the logic of such an
approach will also become more rigid

1297
01:15:39,279 --> 01:15:42,035
because we learn more as we
perfect our understandings,

1298
01:15:42,175 --> 01:15:44,266
and hence, less room
for subjectivity

1299
01:15:44,406 --> 01:15:46,852
in certain areas that
might have had it prior.

1300
01:15:46,992 --> 01:15:49,970
Again I'll be describing
this more so in a moment.

1301
01:15:50,110 --> 01:15:53,899
Also the programs themselves will be
available in an open source platform

1302
01:15:54,039 --> 01:15:57,016
for public input and review,
absolutely transparent.

1303
01:15:57,156 --> 01:15:59,323
And if someone noticed a problem

1304
01:15:59,463 --> 01:16:02,783
or unapplied optimization strategy,
which will probably be the case,

1305
01:16:02,923 --> 01:16:05,550
it is evaluated and
tested by the community

1306
01:16:05,690 --> 01:16:08,588
kind of like a Wikipedia
for calculation,

1307
01:16:08,728 --> 01:16:12,122
except much less
subjective than Wikipedia,

1308
01:16:12,262 --> 01:16:14,761
without the moody
administrators.

1309
01:16:16,216 --> 01:16:19,012
Another traditional confusion
surrounds the concept

1310
01:16:19,152 --> 01:16:22,179
which has become to many
the defining difference

1311
01:16:22,319 --> 01:16:25,124
between capitalism
and everything else.

1312
01:16:25,264 --> 01:16:28,435
And it has to do with whether
the means of production

1313
01:16:28,575 --> 01:16:30,549
is privately owned or not.

1314
01:16:30,689 --> 01:16:33,891
This is replete throughout
tons of traditional

1315
01:16:34,830 --> 01:16:37,939
literary treatments on
capitalism when they describe

1316
01:16:38,079 --> 01:16:41,887
how it's the ultimate manifestation
of human behavior, of society.

1317
01:16:42,027 --> 01:16:44,527
If you don't know what this
means, the means of production

1318
01:16:44,627 --> 01:16:48,677
refers to the non-human assets that
create goods such as machines,

1319
01:16:48,890 --> 01:16:51,981
tools, factories,
offices and the like.

1320
01:16:52,121 --> 01:16:54,465
In capitalism, the means
of production is owned

1321
01:16:54,605 --> 01:16:59,017
by the capitalist by historical
definition, hence the origin of the term.

1322
01:16:59,157 --> 01:17:02,759
I bring this up because there's been
an ongoing argument for a century

1323
01:17:02,899 --> 01:17:05,748
that any system which does not
have its means of production owned

1324
01:17:05,888 --> 01:17:10,576
as a form of private property is just not
going to be as economically efficient

1325
01:17:10,716 --> 01:17:13,677
as one that has or maybe
not even efficient at all.

1326
01:17:13,817 --> 01:17:18,027
This, as the argument goes, is
because of the need for price:

1327
01:17:18,167 --> 01:17:20,310
the price mechanism.

1328
01:17:20,450 --> 01:17:23,931
Price, which has a fluid ability

1329
01:17:24,071 --> 01:17:26,967
to exchange value amongst
virtually any type of good

1330
01:17:27,107 --> 01:17:31,598
due to its indivisibility of value,
creates indeed a feedback mechanism

1331
01:17:31,738 --> 01:17:35,423
that connects the entire market
system in a certain narrow way.

1332
01:17:35,563 --> 01:17:40,071
Price is a way to allocate scarce
resources amongst competing interests.

1333
01:17:40,211 --> 01:17:44,166
Price, property and money
translate, in short,

1334
01:17:44,266 --> 01:17:48,370
subjective demand preferences into
semi-objective exchange values.

1335
01:17:48,795 --> 01:17:53,754
I say "semi" because it is a
culturally relative measure only,

1336
01:17:54,398 --> 01:17:58,229
absent most every factor that gives
true technical consideration

1337
01:17:58,370 --> 01:18:00,299
to a given material or good.

1338
01:18:00,439 --> 01:18:03,098
It has nothing to do with what
the materials or goods are;

1339
01:18:03,238 --> 01:18:05,692
it's just a mechanism.

1340
01:18:05,832 --> 01:18:08,777
Perhaps the only real
technical data, in fact,

1341
01:18:08,917 --> 01:18:11,049
that price embraces very crudely

1342
01:18:11,189 --> 01:18:14,620
relates to resource
scarcity and labor energy.

1343
01:18:14,760 --> 01:18:16,684
Resource scarcity
and labor energy.

1344
01:18:16,824 --> 01:18:19,838
You can basically
find that in price.

1345
01:18:19,978 --> 01:18:22,599
So in this context the
question becomes:

1346
01:18:22,740 --> 01:18:25,133
Is it possible to create
a system that can

1347
01:18:25,273 --> 01:18:27,736
equally, if not
more efficiently,

1348
01:18:27,876 --> 01:18:32,014
facilitate feedback with respect
to consumer preference, demand,

1349
01:18:32,154 --> 01:18:35,505
labor value and resource
or component scarcity

1350
01:18:35,645 --> 01:18:40,538
without the price system, subjective
property values or exchange?

1351
01:18:41,684 --> 01:18:43,490
And, of course, there is.

1352
01:18:43,630 --> 01:18:46,920
The trick is to completely
eliminate exchange

1353
01:18:47,060 --> 01:18:50,475
and create a direct
control and feedback link

1354
01:18:50,615 --> 01:18:54,244
between the consumer and the
means of production itself.

1355
01:18:54,384 --> 01:18:57,241
The consumer becomes part
of the means of production

1356
01:18:57,381 --> 01:19:01,498
and the "industrial complex"
becomes nothing more than a tool

1357
01:19:01,638 --> 01:19:05,454
that is accessed by the
public to generate goods.

1358
01:19:06,430 --> 01:19:09,842
In fact as alluded to
prior, the same system

1359
01:19:09,982 --> 01:19:13,158
can be used for just about
any societal calculation,

1360
01:19:13,298 --> 01:19:16,084
virtually eliminating the
state government, in fact,

1361
01:19:16,224 --> 01:19:18,077
and politics as we know it.

1362
01:19:18,217 --> 01:19:21,659
It is a participatory
decision-making process.

1363
01:19:22,597 --> 01:19:26,624
As an aside, as far as the fact
that there will indeed always

1364
01:19:26,764 --> 01:19:29,087
be scarcity of something
in the world,

1365
01:19:29,227 --> 01:19:32,974
which is the very basis of existence
of price, market and money,

1366
01:19:33,114 --> 01:19:36,500
human beings can again either
understand the dire need

1367
01:19:36,640 --> 01:19:39,679
to exist in a steady-state
relationship with nature

1368
01:19:39,819 --> 01:19:42,588
and the global human
species for cultural

1369
01:19:42,728 --> 01:19:45,914
and environmental
sustainability, or not.

1370
01:19:46,054 --> 01:19:48,689
We can either continue down
the same path we are now

1371
01:19:48,829 --> 01:19:54,112
or become more aware, responsible
to the world and to each other,

1372
01:19:54,252 --> 01:19:57,739
seeking post-scarcity and using
natural law rules of sustainability

1373
01:19:57,879 --> 01:20:03,444
and efficiency to decide how to best
allocate our raw materials, or not.

1374
01:20:03,584 --> 01:20:06,979
But I think the former is
the most intelligent path.

1375
01:20:07,892 --> 01:20:10,438
I state that because again,
this resource argument

1376
01:20:10,578 --> 01:20:15,561
always comes down to the abstractions ...
of scarcity.

1377
01:20:15,717 --> 01:20:19,796
It never qualifies what scarcity
is in certain contexts.

1378
01:20:19,928 --> 01:20:22,950
It doesn't separate scarcity
and that's its fatal flaw,

1379
01:20:23,090 --> 01:20:25,458
between human needs
and human wants.

1380
01:20:25,598 --> 01:20:29,578
Also, I want to point
out another fallacy,

1381
01:20:29,718 --> 01:20:32,470
which of this private ownership
of the means of production,

1382
01:20:32,610 --> 01:20:35,249
a fallacy of this broad
concept is its culture lag!

1383
01:20:35,755 --> 01:20:39,340
Today we are seeing a
merger of capital goods,

1384
01:20:39,480 --> 01:20:41,846
consumer goods and labor power.

1385
01:20:41,986 --> 01:20:44,537
Machines are taking
over human labor power,

1386
01:20:44,677 --> 01:20:48,930
becoming capital goods,
while also reducing in size

1387
01:20:49,070 --> 01:20:51,091
to become consumer goods.

1388
01:20:52,042 --> 01:20:55,697
I'm sure almost everyone in this
room has a home paper printer.

1389
01:20:55,837 --> 01:20:58,129
When you send a file to
print from your computer,

1390
01:20:58,269 --> 01:21:02,476
you are in control of a mini-version
of a means of production.

1391
01:21:03,271 --> 01:21:04,959
What about 3D printers?

1392
01:21:05,099 --> 01:21:07,475
In some cities today there
are now 3D printing labs

1393
01:21:07,615 --> 01:21:12,513
which people can send their design
to print, in physical form.

1394
01:21:12,653 --> 01:21:15,703
The model I'm going to
describe is a similar idea.

1395
01:21:15,843 --> 01:21:18,092
The next step is the creation

1396
01:21:18,232 --> 01:21:20,871
of a strategically automated
industrial complex

1397
01:21:21,011 --> 01:21:23,266
localized as much as possible

1398
01:21:23,406 --> 01:21:26,199
which is designed to produce,
through automated means,

1399
01:21:26,339 --> 01:21:30,541
the average of everything any given
region has found demand for.

1400
01:21:31,271 --> 01:21:34,493
Think about it: on-demand
production on a mass scale.

1401
01:21:34,988 --> 01:21:37,218
Consider for a moment
how much storage space,

1402
01:21:37,358 --> 01:21:39,449
transport energy
and overrun waste

1403
01:21:39,589 --> 01:21:42,271
is immediately eliminated
by this approach.

1404
01:21:42,411 --> 01:21:45,543
I think the days of large,
wasteful mass producing economies

1405
01:21:45,683 --> 01:21:50,820
of scale are coming to an end,
well, if we want them to.

1406
01:21:51,866 --> 01:21:55,383
This type of thinking:
true economic calculation,

1407
01:21:55,927 --> 01:21:59,880
by the most technical sense of the
term, I can't reiterate that enough.

1408
01:22:00,020 --> 01:22:02,657
We are calculating to be as technically
efficient and conservative

1409
01:22:02,757 --> 01:22:07,455
as possible which again, almost
paradoxically, is what will facilitate

1410
01:22:07,635 --> 01:22:12,703
a global access abundance to
meet all human needs and beyond.

1411
01:22:13,473 --> 01:22:15,704
Structure and Processes.

1412
01:22:15,844 --> 01:22:18,635
I'm going to walk through
the following 3 processes:

1413
01:22:18,775 --> 01:22:21,789
(1) the collaborative design
interface and industrial schematic,

1414
01:22:21,929 --> 01:22:24,263
(2) resource management,
feedback and value

1415
01:22:24,403 --> 01:22:28,567
and (3) general principles of
sustainability and the macro-calculation.

1416
01:22:30,209 --> 01:22:33,940
The collaborative design interface
is essentially the new market;

1417
01:22:34,080 --> 01:22:36,060
it's a market of ideas.

1418
01:22:36,200 --> 01:22:39,152
This system is the first step
in any production interest.

1419
01:22:39,292 --> 01:22:43,358
It can be engaged by a single
person; it can be engaged by a team

1420
01:22:43,498 --> 01:22:45,897
if you have friends and you want
to put it together, sort of like

1421
01:22:46,037 --> 01:22:48,506
how businesses think; it can
be engaged by everyone.

1422
01:22:48,646 --> 01:22:50,799
It is open source
and open access,

1423
01:22:50,940 --> 01:22:54,641
and your concept is open to
input from anyone interested

1424
01:22:54,781 --> 01:22:58,977
in that good genre or anyone that's
online that cares to contribute.

1425
01:22:59,797 --> 01:23:02,291
Obviously it comes in the form
of a website, as I stated;

1426
01:23:02,431 --> 01:23:05,354
and likewise, whatever
exists as a final decision,

1427
01:23:05,494 --> 01:23:07,694
whatever is put into production,
even though in theory

1428
01:23:07,799 --> 01:23:09,812
everything will be under
modification at all times,

1429
01:23:09,952 --> 01:23:13,554
but what has been approved, if
you will, is digitally stored

1430
01:23:13,694 --> 01:23:17,053
in a database which makes that
good available to everyone.

1431
01:23:17,193 --> 01:23:19,184
Sort of like a goods catalog,

1432
01:23:19,324 --> 01:23:22,799
except it contains all of
the information digitally

1433
01:23:22,939 --> 01:23:25,261
that is required
to produce them.

1434
01:23:25,401 --> 01:23:27,828
This is how demand is assessed.

1435
01:23:27,968 --> 01:23:30,234
It's feedback and
it's immediate.

1436
01:23:30,374 --> 01:23:33,188
Instead, of course,
of advertising

1437
01:23:33,328 --> 01:23:37,778
and the unidirectional consumer
good proposal system, which it is,

1438
01:23:37,918 --> 01:23:41,538
that we have today where corporations
basically tell you what you should buy

1439
01:23:41,678 --> 01:23:44,234
with the public generally
going with the flow,

1440
01:23:44,374 --> 01:23:47,761
favoring one good component
or feature, using price,

1441
01:23:47,901 --> 01:23:51,021
if they don't like something then
clearly they won't produce it anymore

1442
01:23:51,161 --> 01:23:53,186
to weed out supply and demand.

1443
01:23:53,326 --> 01:23:55,211
This system works
the opposite way.

1444
01:23:55,351 --> 01:23:57,571
The entire community has the
option of presenting ideas

1445
01:23:57,711 --> 01:24:00,728
for everyone to see and
weigh in on and build upon.

1446
01:24:00,868 --> 01:24:04,349
Whatever isn't of interest simply
won't be executed to begin with.

1447
01:24:04,490 --> 01:24:07,097
There's no testing here such as
you would see with marketing,

1448
01:24:07,237 --> 01:24:10,222
which is incredibly wasteful.
It's as simple as that.

1449
01:24:11,160 --> 01:24:13,181
The actual mechanism of proposal

1450
01:24:13,321 --> 01:24:16,545
will come in the form of an
interactive design interface

1451
01:24:16,685 --> 01:24:20,927
such as we see with computer-aided
design, or CAD as it's called,

1452
01:24:21,067 --> 01:24:24,149
or more specifically
computer-aided engineering

1453
01:24:24,289 --> 01:24:27,494
which is a more complicated
synergistic process.

1454
01:24:28,280 --> 01:24:32,359
As an aside, some see computer-aided
design programs as they exist

1455
01:24:32,499 --> 01:24:35,215
as having an enormous
learning curve, and they do.

1456
01:24:35,355 --> 01:24:37,260
But just as the first computers

1457
01:24:37,400 --> 01:24:40,269
were very difficult
code-based interfaces

1458
01:24:40,876 --> 01:24:43,404
which were later replaced
by small little programs

1459
01:24:43,544 --> 01:24:46,286
in the form of graphic icons
that we're all so familiar with

1460
01:24:46,426 --> 01:24:50,903
the future CAD-type programs could
be oriented in the exact same way

1461
01:24:51,043 --> 01:24:53,423
to make them more user-friendly.

1462
01:24:53,563 --> 01:24:57,127
Obviously, not everyone
has to engage in design.

1463
01:24:57,267 --> 01:25:01,208
Some people, like most people today,
appreciate what's been created prior.

1464
01:25:01,348 --> 01:25:04,201
They absorb and they use what
other people have come up with.

1465
01:25:04,341 --> 01:25:07,363
So there's a diminishing law of returns
in a lot of ways, if you will.

1466
01:25:07,503 --> 01:25:10,892
Not everyone has to get in there
and has some role to do this.

1467
01:25:11,032 --> 01:25:13,698
But many will and many
will enjoy the process.

1468
01:25:14,966 --> 01:25:18,289
And you can customize things as
you go which is a great point.

1469
01:25:18,430 --> 01:25:21,185
There's minor things that can happen
with a product that someone doesn't know

1470
01:25:21,285 --> 01:25:23,785
anything about, but maybe they just
want to change the color and that's it.

1471
01:25:23,899 --> 01:25:26,399
Obviously, that doesn't
take a lot of education.

1472
01:25:27,075 --> 01:25:29,929
More importantly,
technically speaking,

1473
01:25:30,070 --> 01:25:33,582
the beauty of these design and
engineering programs today

1474
01:25:33,722 --> 01:25:36,556
is that they incorporate
advanced physics

1475
01:25:36,696 --> 01:25:39,773
and other real-world,
natural-law properties.

1476
01:25:39,913 --> 01:25:43,519
So a good isn't just viewable
in a static 3D model.

1477
01:25:43,660 --> 01:25:46,410
It can be tested, right
there, digitally.

1478
01:25:46,550 --> 01:25:49,050
And while some testing capacity
might be limited today,

1479
01:25:49,156 --> 01:25:52,929
it's simply a matter of focus
to perfect such digital means.

1480
01:25:53,069 --> 01:25:56,601
For example, in the automotive industry,
long before new ideas are built,

1481
01:25:56,741 --> 01:25:59,593
they run them through similar
digital testing processes,

1482
01:25:59,733 --> 01:26:01,595
and there's no reason to believe

1483
01:26:01,735 --> 01:26:04,818
that we will not eventually be
able to digitally represent

1484
01:26:04,958 --> 01:26:10,944
and imitate and set in motion virtually
all known laws of nature in time,

1485
01:26:11,084 --> 01:26:14,131
and being able to apply
them to different contexts.

1486
01:26:15,138 --> 01:26:17,565
Similarly, and this is critical,

1487
01:26:18,235 --> 01:26:22,249
this design that's proposed
in this system is filtered

1488
01:26:22,706 --> 01:26:26,811
through a series of sustainability
and efficiency protocols

1489
01:26:26,951 --> 01:26:30,597
which relate to not only the
state of the natural world

1490
01:26:30,737 --> 01:26:33,485
but also the total
industrial system,

1491
01:26:33,625 --> 01:26:35,598
in as far as what is compatible.

1492
01:26:35,738 --> 01:26:39,875
Processes of evaluation and suggestion
would include the following:

1493
01:26:40,431 --> 01:26:43,461
strategically
maximized durability,

1494
01:26:43,601 --> 01:26:45,231
adaptability,

1495
01:26:45,371 --> 01:26:48,246
standardization of
genre components,

1496
01:26:48,386 --> 01:26:52,656
strategically integrated recycling
conduciveness, as I mentioned before,

1497
01:26:52,796 --> 01:26:55,642
and strategically conducive
designs themselves,

1498
01:26:55,782 --> 01:26:58,808
making them conducive
for labor automation.

1499
01:26:59,607 --> 01:27:01,669
I'm going to go through
these, each quickly.

1500
01:27:01,809 --> 01:27:05,631
Durability just means to make the good as
strong and as long-lasting as relevant,

1501
01:27:05,771 --> 01:27:09,924
the materials utilized comparatively
assuming possible substitutions

1502
01:27:10,064 --> 01:27:12,210
due to levels of scarcity
or other factors

1503
01:27:12,350 --> 01:27:14,377
would be dynamically calculated

1504
01:27:14,517 --> 01:27:17,702
likely automatically, in
fact, by the design system

1505
01:27:17,842 --> 01:27:21,920
to be most conducive to an
optimized durability standard.

1506
01:27:22,672 --> 01:27:24,177
Adaptability.

1507
01:27:24,317 --> 01:27:26,752
This means that the highest
state of flexibility

1508
01:27:26,892 --> 01:27:29,517
for replacing component
parts is made.

1509
01:27:29,657 --> 01:27:32,747
Has anyone seen this thing
called "phonebloks?"

1510
01:27:33,999 --> 01:27:35,261
Brilliant.

1511
01:27:35,401 --> 01:27:38,570
In the event a component part
of this good becomes defective

1512
01:27:38,670 --> 01:27:41,967
or out-of-date, whenever
possible the design facilitates

1513
01:27:42,097 --> 01:27:44,395
that such components
are easily replaced

1514
01:27:44,535 --> 01:27:47,486
to maximize full
product life span.

1515
01:27:48,226 --> 01:27:51,585
Standardization of
genre components.

1516
01:27:52,098 --> 01:27:56,245
All new designs either conform to
or replace, if they're updated,

1517
01:27:56,385 --> 01:27:59,889
existing components which are
either already in existence

1518
01:28:00,029 --> 01:28:03,662
or outdated due to a comparative
lack of efficiency.

1519
01:28:04,463 --> 01:28:08,472
Many don't know this, but a
man named Eli Whitney in 1801

1520
01:28:08,612 --> 01:28:11,664
was the first to really apply
standardization in production.

1521
01:28:11,804 --> 01:28:14,379
He made muskets and back
then they were handmade,

1522
01:28:14,520 --> 01:28:16,819
and they were not interchangeable,
so the musket parts,

1523
01:28:16,959 --> 01:28:20,008
if anything broke, you couldn't
take a part from something else.

1524
01:28:20,148 --> 01:28:22,491
He was the first to actually
make the tools to do this,

1525
01:28:22,631 --> 01:28:26,013
and he basically started the
entire process of standardization,

1526
01:28:26,153 --> 01:28:29,497
and the US military was now able
to buy huge things of muskets

1527
01:28:29,637 --> 01:28:32,449
and interchanged them and,
much more sustainable,

1528
01:28:32,589 --> 01:28:34,982
even though they
were killing people.

1529
01:28:35,850 --> 01:28:38,350
Which is interesting for the military
because if you think about it,

1530
01:28:38,450 --> 01:28:41,551
the military is one of the most
efficient systems on the planet

1531
01:28:41,690 --> 01:28:43,816
because it's absent
the market economy.

1532
01:28:43,956 --> 01:28:46,889
If you really want to look to where
industrial efficiency was born,

1533
01:28:47,029 --> 01:28:50,629
as much as I dislike it, the
military is where it becomes,

1534
01:28:51,186 --> 01:28:53,560
where it's been harnessed
the most, excuse me.

1535
01:28:53,700 --> 01:28:57,431
Anyway, this logic not only
applies to a given product,

1536
01:28:57,571 --> 01:29:01,021
it's applied to the entire
good genre: standardization.

1537
01:29:01,836 --> 01:29:05,377
By the way, this efficiency will
never happen in a market economy

1538
01:29:05,517 --> 01:29:08,969
with its basis in competition,
as proprietary technology

1539
01:29:09,109 --> 01:29:12,528
removes all such collaborative efficiency.
No one wants that.

1540
01:29:12,668 --> 01:29:14,668
No one wants to share
everything like that.

1541
01:29:14,800 --> 01:29:17,966
Otherwise, people wouldn't have a
need to go back to the root company

1542
01:29:18,069 --> 01:29:20,206
and buy the part; they
would go somewhere else

1543
01:29:20,346 --> 01:29:23,189
where they'd have access
to it through other means.

1544
01:29:23,650 --> 01:29:25,555
Recycling conduciveness.

1545
01:29:25,695 --> 01:29:28,206
As noted before, this means
every design must conform

1546
01:29:28,346 --> 01:29:31,253
to the current state of
regenerative possibility.

1547
01:29:31,393 --> 01:29:34,372
The breakdown of any
good must be anticipated

1548
01:29:34,512 --> 01:29:37,563
and allowed for in the
most optimized way,

1549
01:29:39,126 --> 01:29:42,660
and made conducive for
labor automation.

1550
01:29:43,111 --> 01:29:45,889
This means that the current
state of optimized

1551
01:29:46,029 --> 01:29:49,487
automated production is
directly taken into account

1552
01:29:49,627 --> 01:29:52,165
seeking to refine the process-

1553
01:29:52,305 --> 01:29:55,081
excuse me- seeking to refine
the design that's submitted

1554
01:29:55,221 --> 01:29:57,946
to be most conducive to the
current state of production

1555
01:29:58,086 --> 01:30:01,762
with the least amount of
human labor or monitoring.

1556
01:30:01,902 --> 01:30:07,261
We seek to simplify the way materials
and production means are used

1557
01:30:07,361 --> 01:30:09,861
so that the maximum number
of goods can be produced

1558
01:30:10,000 --> 01:30:13,728
with the least variation of
materials and production equipment.

1559
01:30:13,868 --> 01:30:15,960
It's a very important point.

1560
01:30:16,100 --> 01:30:18,559
These five factors will be
what we can call in total

1561
01:30:18,700 --> 01:30:23,254
the optimized design-efficiency
function, if you want to be technical.

1562
01:30:23,394 --> 01:30:26,293
Keep this in mind as I'm going to
return to all of this in a moment.

1563
01:30:27,643 --> 01:30:30,658
Moving on to the industrial
complex, the layout.

1564
01:30:30,798 --> 01:30:34,152
This means that the network of
facilities, which are directly connected

1565
01:30:34,292 --> 01:30:37,432
to the design and the database
system I have just described.

1566
01:30:37,573 --> 01:30:41,445
Servers, production, distribution,
recycling is basically it.

1567
01:30:41,870 --> 01:30:45,828
Also, we'd need to relate the
current state of resources,

1568
01:30:45,968 --> 01:30:50,702
critically important, as per the
global resource management network,

1569
01:30:50,842 --> 01:30:54,936
another tier, which I'm going
to also describe in a moment.

1570
01:30:55,843 --> 01:30:59,607
Production- this means of
course actual manufacturing-

1571
01:30:59,747 --> 01:31:03,993
would evolve, as expressed
before, as automated factories

1572
01:31:04,500 --> 01:31:07,021
which are increasingly
able to produce more

1573
01:31:07,161 --> 01:31:11,050
with less material inputs and
less machines: ephemeralization.

1574
01:31:11,190 --> 01:31:15,424
If we were to consciously design out
unnecessary levels of complexity,

1575
01:31:15,564 --> 01:31:17,822
we can further this
efficiency trend greatly

1576
01:31:17,962 --> 01:31:21,398
with an ever-lower environmental
impact and resource use

1577
01:31:21,538 --> 01:31:25,206
while maximizing, again, our
abundance-producing potential.

1578
01:31:25,750 --> 01:31:27,833
The number of
production facilities,

1579
01:31:27,973 --> 01:31:30,755
whether homogeneous or heterogeneous,
as they would be called,

1580
01:31:30,895 --> 01:31:33,537
would be strategically
distributed topographically

1581
01:31:33,677 --> 01:31:36,420
based around population
statistics, very simple stuff.

1582
01:31:36,560 --> 01:31:38,731
It's no different than how
grocery stores work today

1583
01:31:38,871 --> 01:31:41,102
where they try to average
distances as best they can

1584
01:31:41,242 --> 01:31:43,496
between pockets of people
and neighborhoods.

1585
01:31:43,636 --> 01:31:45,966
You could call this the
'Proximity Strategy'

1586
01:31:46,106 --> 01:31:48,630
which I'll mention
again in a moment.

1587
01:31:48,770 --> 01:31:50,050
Distribution.

1588
01:31:50,190 --> 01:31:53,076
This can either be directly
from the production facility

1589
01:31:53,216 --> 01:31:56,793
as in the case of on-demand
custom one-off production,

1590
01:31:56,933 --> 01:31:59,665
or it can be sent to a
distribution library

1591
01:31:59,805 --> 01:32:02,372
for public access en masse,

1592
01:32:02,512 --> 01:32:05,249
based on demand interest
in that region.

1593
01:32:05,389 --> 01:32:08,678
The library system is where
goods can be obtained.

1594
01:32:09,416 --> 01:32:12,023
Some goods can be
conducive to low demand

1595
01:32:12,163 --> 01:32:14,588
and custom production
and some will not be.

1596
01:32:14,728 --> 01:32:17,717
Food is an easy example of a
mass production necessity,

1597
01:32:17,857 --> 01:32:19,952
while a personal tailored
piece of furniture

1598
01:32:20,092 --> 01:32:23,550
would come directly from the
manufacturing facility once created.

1599
01:32:24,604 --> 01:32:26,817
I suspect that this
on-demand process,

1600
01:32:26,957 --> 01:32:31,629
which will likely become equally
as utilized as mass production,

1601
01:32:31,769 --> 01:32:33,904
will be an enormous advantage.

1602
01:32:34,044 --> 01:32:36,556
As noted, on-demand
production is more efficient

1603
01:32:36,696 --> 01:32:40,359
since the resources are going to be
utilized for the exact-use demand,

1604
01:32:40,500 --> 01:32:43,783
as opposed to the block
things that we do today.

1605
01:32:46,800 --> 01:32:50,000
Distribution Library.

1606
01:32:50,436 --> 01:32:53,505
Inventory is accessed in a
dynamic direct feedback link

1607
01:32:53,645 --> 01:32:56,706
between production,
distribution and demand.

1608
01:32:56,846 --> 01:32:59,259
If that doesn't make sense to you,
all you have to think about is

1609
01:32:59,400 --> 01:33:01,701
how inventory accounting
and tracking works

1610
01:33:01,841 --> 01:33:04,808
in any major commercial
distribution center today

1611
01:33:04,948 --> 01:33:07,059
with, of course, a few
adjustments made in this model.

1612
01:33:07,200 --> 01:33:09,660
We're already doing this
type of stuff already.

1613
01:33:09,800 --> 01:33:12,559
Regardless of where the
good is classified to go,

1614
01:33:12,699 --> 01:33:16,090
whether it's custom or not,
libraries or to the direct user,

1615
01:33:16,230 --> 01:33:18,355
this is still an access system.

1616
01:33:18,495 --> 01:33:21,684
In other words, at any time
the user of the custom good

1617
01:33:21,824 --> 01:33:24,190
can return the item
for reprocessing,

1618
01:33:24,330 --> 01:33:28,400
just as the person who obtained something
from the library can, as well.

1619
01:33:28,838 --> 01:33:31,133
Since, as noted, the good
has been pre-optimized

1620
01:33:31,273 --> 01:33:33,473
(all goods are pre-optimized
for conducive recycling)

1621
01:33:33,627 --> 01:33:36,956
odds are the recycling facility
is actually built directly in

1622
01:33:37,096 --> 01:33:40,382
to the production facility or the
genre of production facility,

1623
01:33:40,522 --> 01:33:43,741
depending on how many facilities you
need to create the variety of demand.

1624
01:33:44,954 --> 01:33:47,257
So again, there's no trash
here: whether it's a phone,

1625
01:33:47,397 --> 01:33:49,481
a couch, a computer,
a jacket, a book,

1626
01:33:49,621 --> 01:33:53,046
everything goes back to where it came
back from, for direct reprocessing.

1627
01:33:53,186 --> 01:33:56,319
Ideally this is a
zero-waste economy.

1628
01:33:57,906 --> 01:34:00,913
Resource Management,
Feedback and Value.

1629
01:34:01,053 --> 01:34:04,540
The computer-aided and
engineering design process

1630
01:34:04,680 --> 01:34:06,771
obviously does not
exist in a vacuum.

1631
01:34:06,911 --> 01:34:12,439
Processing demands input from the
natural resources that we have.

1632
01:34:13,496 --> 01:34:17,442
So connected to this design
process, literally built into the

1633
01:34:17,582 --> 01:34:20,695
optimized design-efficiency
function noted prior,

1634
01:34:20,835 --> 01:34:24,070
is dynamic feedback from an
Earth-wide accounting system

1635
01:34:24,210 --> 01:34:26,855
which gives data about
all relevant resources

1636
01:34:26,995 --> 01:34:29,274
which pertain to
all productions.

1637
01:34:29,414 --> 01:34:32,465
Today, most major industries
keep periodic data

1638
01:34:32,605 --> 01:34:35,124
of their genre materials as
far as how much they have,

1639
01:34:35,264 --> 01:34:37,264
but clearly it's
difficult to ascertain

1640
01:34:37,380 --> 01:34:40,470
due to the nature of corporate
secrets and the like.

1641
01:34:41,238 --> 01:34:43,075
But it's still done.

1642
01:34:43,215 --> 01:34:47,589
To whatever degree ...
technically possible this is,

1643
01:34:47,948 --> 01:34:50,272
all resources are
tracked and monitored,

1644
01:34:50,412 --> 01:34:52,756
and in as close to real
time ideally as possible.

1645
01:34:52,896 --> 01:34:56,331
Why? Mainly because we need
to maintain equilibrium

1646
01:34:56,471 --> 01:34:59,308
with the Earth's regenerative
processes at all times

1647
01:34:59,448 --> 01:35:02,781
while also, as noted before,
work to strategically maximize

1648
01:35:02,921 --> 01:35:05,559
our use of the most
abundant materials

1649
01:35:05,700 --> 01:35:08,715
while minimizing anything
with emerging scarcity.

1650
01:35:10,160 --> 01:35:11,565
Value.

1651
01:35:11,705 --> 01:35:14,780
As far as value, the
two dominant measures,

1652
01:35:14,920 --> 01:35:17,539
which will undergo constant
dynamic recalculation

1653
01:35:17,679 --> 01:35:20,039
through feedback as
industry unfolds,

1654
01:35:20,179 --> 01:35:23,166
[are] scarcity and
labor complexity.

1655
01:35:24,104 --> 01:35:26,507
Scarcity value without
a market system

1656
01:35:26,647 --> 01:35:30,473
could be assigned a numerical
value, say one to 100.

1657
01:35:30,613 --> 01:35:32,731
One would denote the
most severe scarcity

1658
01:35:32,871 --> 01:35:36,298
with respect to the current rate
of use, and 100 the least severe.

1659
01:35:36,438 --> 01:35:39,346
50 would mark the
steady-state dividing line.

1660
01:35:39,486 --> 01:35:42,085
For example, if the use
of wood lumber passes

1661
01:35:42,225 --> 01:35:44,654
below the steady
state level of 50,

1662
01:35:44,794 --> 01:35:47,209
which would mean consumption is
currently surpassing the Earth's

1663
01:35:47,349 --> 01:35:49,811
natural regeneration
rate, this would trigger

1664
01:35:49,951 --> 01:35:52,026
a counter-move of some kind,

1665
01:35:52,166 --> 01:35:55,970
such as the process of
material substitution,

1666
01:35:56,110 --> 01:35:59,805
hence the replacement for wood
in any given future productions,

1667
01:35:59,945 --> 01:36:02,069
finding alternatives.

1668
01:36:02,482 --> 01:36:05,146
And of course, if you are a free
market mindset listening to this,

1669
01:36:05,286 --> 01:36:08,493
you are likely going to object at
this point by saying "Without price,

1670
01:36:08,633 --> 01:36:12,247
how can you compare value of one
material to another or many materials?"

1671
01:36:12,387 --> 01:36:19,302
Simple: you organize genres or
groups of similar-use materials

1672
01:36:19,442 --> 01:36:23,255
and quantify, as best you can,
their related properties

1673
01:36:23,395 --> 01:36:27,020
and degree of efficiency
for a given purpose,

1674
01:36:27,160 --> 01:36:29,660
and then you apply a general
numerical value spectrum

1675
01:36:29,774 --> 01:36:31,968
to those relationships, as well.

1676
01:36:32,869 --> 01:36:35,512
For example, there are
a spectrum of metals

1677
01:36:35,652 --> 01:36:39,150
which have different efficiencies
for electrical conductivity.

1678
01:36:39,591 --> 01:36:41,591
These efficiencies
can be quantified,

1679
01:36:41,710 --> 01:36:44,292
and if they can be quantified,
they can be compared.

1680
01:36:44,432 --> 01:36:49,923
So if copper goes below the 50
median value regarding its scarcity,

1681
01:36:50,063 --> 01:36:52,869
calculations are triggered
by the management program

1682
01:36:53,010 --> 01:36:57,033
to compare the state of other
conducive materials in its database,

1683
01:36:57,173 --> 01:36:59,878
compare their scarcity level
and their efficiency,

1684
01:37:00,018 --> 01:37:02,401
preparing for substitution,
and that kind of information

1685
01:37:02,541 --> 01:37:04,865
goes right back to the designer.

1686
01:37:05,848 --> 01:37:09,279
Naturally, this type of reasoning might
indeed get extremely complicated

1687
01:37:09,379 --> 01:37:13,395
as again: numerous resources and
numerous efficiencies and purposes

1688
01:37:13,575 --> 01:37:16,819
which is exactly why it is
calculated by a machine, not people.

1689
01:37:16,959 --> 01:37:19,839
And it's also why it completely blows
the price system out of the water

1690
01:37:19,979 --> 01:37:24,508
when it comes to true resource
awareness and intelligent management.

1691
01:37:25,829 --> 01:37:27,917
Labor Complexity.

1692
01:37:28,057 --> 01:37:32,200
This simply means estimating the
complexity of a given production.

1693
01:37:32,825 --> 01:37:36,502
Complexity, in the context of
an automated-oriented industry,

1694
01:37:36,642 --> 01:37:39,810
can be quantified by
defining and comparing

1695
01:37:39,950 --> 01:37:42,901
the number of process
stages, if you will.

1696
01:37:43,680 --> 01:37:46,355
Any given good production
can be foreshadowed

1697
01:37:46,495 --> 01:37:50,136
as to how many of these stages
of production it will take.

1698
01:37:50,276 --> 01:37:52,827
It can then be compared to
other good productions,

1699
01:37:52,967 --> 01:37:56,728
ideally in the same genre, for
a quantifiable assessment.

1700
01:37:56,868 --> 01:37:59,820
The units of measurement are
the stages, in other words.

1701
01:37:59,960 --> 01:38:02,420
For example, a chair that can
be molded in three minutes

1702
01:38:02,560 --> 01:38:05,101
from simple polymers in one
process will have a lower

1703
01:38:05,241 --> 01:38:09,032
labor complexity value than a chair
which requires automated assembly

1704
01:38:09,172 --> 01:38:13,098
down a more tedious production
chain with mixed materials.

1705
01:38:13,961 --> 01:38:16,893
In the event a given process
value is too complex

1706
01:38:17,033 --> 01:38:20,497
or inefficient in terms of what is
currently possible in production,

1707
01:38:20,637 --> 01:38:24,351
or too inefficient by comparison
to an already existing design

1708
01:38:24,491 --> 01:38:28,205
of a similar nature as well, the
design, along with other parameters,

1709
01:38:28,345 --> 01:38:31,565
would be flagged and
would be re-evaluated.

1710
01:38:31,705 --> 01:38:35,088
And again, all of this comes from
feedback from the design interface;

1711
01:38:35,228 --> 01:38:38,188
and there's no reason to assume
that with ongoing advancement

1712
01:38:38,328 --> 01:38:40,631
in AI (artificial intelligence),

1713
01:38:40,771 --> 01:38:44,112
we wouldn't be able to feedback not
only the highlight of the problem

1714
01:38:44,252 --> 01:38:46,962
but would also create
suggestions or substitutions

1715
01:38:47,102 --> 01:38:49,955
for you to understand
in the interface.

1716
01:38:51,661 --> 01:38:53,888
[Macro]-Calculation.

1717
01:38:54,282 --> 01:38:56,743
Let's put some of this
reasoning together.

1718
01:38:56,883 --> 01:38:59,477
I hope everyone
can bear with me.

1719
01:38:59,617 --> 01:39:01,800
If we were to look
at good design

1720
01:39:01,940 --> 01:39:05,272
in the broadest possible way with
respect to industrial unfolding,

1721
01:39:05,412 --> 01:39:08,500
we would end up with about
four functions or processes

1722
01:39:08,640 --> 01:39:12,371
each relating to the four dominant,
linear stages of design,

1723
01:39:12,511 --> 01:39:14,896
production, distribution
and recycling.

1724
01:39:15,036 --> 01:39:19,212
The following propositions should be
obvious enough as a rule structure.

1725
01:39:19,352 --> 01:39:22,806
All product designs must adapt
to optimized design efficiency.

1726
01:39:22,946 --> 01:39:26,308
They must all adapt to optimized
production efficiency.

1727
01:39:26,448 --> 01:39:29,089
They must adapt to optimized
distribution efficiency,

1728
01:39:29,230 --> 01:39:31,969
and they must adapt to optimized
recycling efficiency.

1729
01:39:32,109 --> 01:39:35,366
Seems redundant, but this is
how we have to think about it.

1730
01:39:35,506 --> 01:39:39,350
Here is a linear block schematic and
the symbolic logic representation

1731
01:39:39,490 --> 01:39:42,217
which embodies the
subprocesses or functions

1732
01:39:42,357 --> 01:39:44,490
I'm now going to very
generally break down.

1733
01:39:46,453 --> 01:39:48,985
Process 1: The Design.

1734
01:39:49,125 --> 01:39:51,172
Optimized Design Efficiency.

1735
01:39:51,312 --> 01:39:55,631
A product design must meet
or adapt to criteria set

1736
01:39:55,771 --> 01:39:59,516
by what we have called the
current efficiency standards.

1737
01:39:59,656 --> 01:40:04,176
This efficiency process has
five evaluative subprocesses,

1738
01:40:04,750 --> 01:40:07,114
as noted before earlier
in the presentation:

1739
01:40:07,254 --> 01:40:10,555
durability, adaptability,
standardization,

1740
01:40:10,695 --> 01:40:14,134
recycling conduciveness, maximized
automation conduciveness.

1741
01:40:16,580 --> 01:40:19,448
Further breakdown of these
variables and logical associations

1742
01:40:19,588 --> 01:40:21,848
can be figuratively made
as well, of course,

1743
01:40:21,988 --> 01:40:24,999
which I don't think is conducive
for this type of presentation

1744
01:40:25,139 --> 01:40:28,723
because we're going to get lost
in ever- reductionist minutia.

1745
01:40:29,192 --> 01:40:33,055
But for more detail this stuff will
be developed much more and be put

1746
01:40:33,195 --> 01:40:36,290
into this text as I've just described
which will be available for free.

1747
01:40:36,430 --> 01:40:40,439
I'm going to try to do my best to give
the general efficiency process here.

1748
01:40:40,983 --> 01:40:43,650
In the end, when it comes to this
Design Efficiency process set,

1749
01:40:43,790 --> 01:40:47,641
we end up with this design
function at the top.

1750
01:40:48,881 --> 01:40:52,550
Just to see it, I'll list all of
the function meanings at the end.

1751
01:40:54,339 --> 01:40:58,501
We move on to process 2:
Production Efficiency.

1752
01:40:58,641 --> 01:41:01,348
In short, this is
the digital filter

1753
01:41:01,488 --> 01:41:05,747
that moves design to one of two
production facility types.

1754
01:41:06,383 --> 01:41:08,577
One for high demand
or mass goods

1755
01:41:08,717 --> 01:41:11,361
and one for low demand
or custom goods.

1756
01:41:11,501 --> 01:41:14,049
The first uses fixed automation,

1757
01:41:14,189 --> 01:41:18,017
meaning unvaried production
ideal for high demand,

1758
01:41:18,157 --> 01:41:20,556
and the second:
flexible automation

1759
01:41:20,696 --> 01:41:23,864
which can do a variety of things,
but usually in shorter runs.

1760
01:41:24,004 --> 01:41:26,004
This is a distinction
that's commonly made

1761
01:41:26,107 --> 01:41:28,223
in traditional
manufacturing terms.

1762
01:41:28,663 --> 01:41:32,111
This structure assumes only
two types of facilities.

1763
01:41:32,251 --> 01:41:35,698
Obviously there could be more,
based on the production factors.

1764
01:41:35,838 --> 01:41:39,101
But if the design rules in
the process are respected,

1765
01:41:39,241 --> 01:41:41,746
as expressed before, there
shouldn't be much variety.

1766
01:41:41,886 --> 01:41:44,967
Over time things get
simpler and simpler.

1767
01:41:46,093 --> 01:41:48,423
So to state this, I'm just going
to run through it for those that

1768
01:41:48,563 --> 01:41:50,619
like to hear things
spelled out like this.

1769
01:41:50,759 --> 01:41:52,802
All product designs
are filtered by a

1770
01:41:52,942 --> 01:41:56,360
demand class
determination: process D;

1771
01:41:56,500 --> 01:41:59,160
the demand class determination
process filters

1772
01:41:59,400 --> 01:42:04,385
based on the standards set for
low demand or high demand.

1773
01:42:04,907 --> 01:42:07,174
All low consumer
demand product designs

1774
01:42:07,284 --> 01:42:09,405
are to be manufactured by the
flexible automation process,

1775
01:42:09,535 --> 01:42:11,535
all high consumer
demand product designs

1776
01:42:11,645 --> 01:42:13,645
are manufactured by the
fixed automation process.

1777
01:42:13,778 --> 01:42:15,843
Also both the manufacturing
of low consumer demand

1778
01:42:15,943 --> 01:42:17,943
and high consumer
demand product designs

1779
01:42:18,043 --> 01:42:22,420
will be regionally allocated
as per the proximity strategy

1780
01:42:22,548 --> 01:42:25,794
of the manufacturing facility.
This simply means

1781
01:42:25,934 --> 01:42:28,999
you keep things as close to you as
possible, as close to the average

1782
01:42:29,139 --> 01:42:32,217
of any given demand as far as what
type of facility you're using.

1783
01:42:32,357 --> 01:42:34,957
And this will change over
time as populations change,

1784
01:42:35,097 --> 01:42:37,188
so you keep updating.

1785
01:42:37,328 --> 01:42:38,820
Process 3.

1786
01:42:38,960 --> 01:42:43,430
Once process 2 is finished, the
product design is now a product

1787
01:42:43,570 --> 01:42:47,106
and it moves towards optimized
distribution efficiency.

1788
01:42:47,820 --> 01:42:51,674
In short, all products are
allocated based on the prior

1789
01:42:51,814 --> 01:42:54,577
demand class determination
as noted before,

1790
01:42:54,717 --> 01:42:58,700
so low consumer demand products
follow a direct distribution process,

1791
01:42:58,840 --> 01:43:02,275
high consumer demands follow
the mass distribution process

1792
01:43:02,415 --> 01:43:04,415
which would likely be the
libraries in that case.

1793
01:43:04,546 --> 01:43:08,508
Both low consumer demand and high
consumer demand products will be

1794
01:43:08,648 --> 01:43:12,857
regionally allocated per the
proximity strategy, as noted before.

1795
01:43:13,488 --> 01:43:17,497
And process 4, very simple, the
product undergoes its life span.

1796
01:43:17,637 --> 01:43:20,921
Ideally it's been updated and
adapted; ideally it's been used

1797
01:43:21,061 --> 01:43:24,537
to the highest degree and made as advanced
as it could within its life cycle.

1798
01:43:24,677 --> 01:43:27,936
Once it's done it becomes void
and moves on to process 4

1799
01:43:28,076 --> 01:43:30,725
which is simply optimized
recycling efficiency.

1800
01:43:30,865 --> 01:43:33,956
All voided products will
follow a regenerative protocol

1801
01:43:34,096 --> 01:43:36,782
which is a subprocess that
clearly I'm not going to go into

1802
01:43:36,922 --> 01:43:38,905
because it's deeply complicated

1803
01:43:39,045 --> 01:43:41,436
and is the role of engineers
to develop over time.

1804
01:43:41,576 --> 01:43:44,419
This is just a simple
macro representation;

1805
01:43:44,559 --> 01:43:49,249
again these subvariables or subprocesses
go on to quite a large degree.

1806
01:43:50,550 --> 01:43:53,919
Keeping all of this in mind, again,
a lot of this will be in the text

1807
01:43:54,060 --> 01:43:56,257
and hopefully others, I
think, can see this stuff,

1808
01:43:56,397 --> 01:43:58,592
that are fluent with this
type of thinking, and hone in

1809
01:43:58,732 --> 01:44:00,760
and perfect these equations
and relationships.

1810
01:44:00,900 --> 01:44:03,733
What I tried to do here
is to give a broad sense

1811
01:44:03,873 --> 01:44:06,392
of how this type
of thing unfolds.

1812
01:44:06,532 --> 01:44:08,764
As a concluding statement,
more or less, the way

1813
01:44:08,904 --> 01:44:11,504
this extrapolation of
sustainability and efficiency-

1814
01:44:11,644 --> 01:44:13,958
it's really quite a
simple logical thing.

1815
01:44:14,098 --> 01:44:16,980
You don't have to be a rocket scientist
to see how things work on this level.

1816
01:44:17,120 --> 01:44:20,297
Creating a real program
that can factor in

1817
01:44:20,437 --> 01:44:24,150
what are hundreds if not thousands
of subprocesses in algorithmic form,

1818
01:44:24,290 --> 01:44:27,548
as they pertain to such an
economic complex is indeed

1819
01:44:27,688 --> 01:44:31,231
a massive project in and of itself,
but it's more of a tedious project.

1820
01:44:31,371 --> 01:44:33,714
You don't need to be a genius
to figure this stuff out.

1821
01:44:33,854 --> 01:44:36,545
I think this is an excellent
think-tank program

1822
01:44:36,645 --> 01:44:38,645
for anyone out there that's
interested in projects.

1823
01:44:38,745 --> 01:44:41,102
I have a number of little projects
that I'm trying to get going

1824
01:44:41,275 --> 01:44:43,724
when I have time; one is simply
called The Global Redesign Institute,

1825
01:44:43,864 --> 01:44:46,085
which is a macroeconomic
approach to redesign

1826
01:44:46,225 --> 01:44:48,579
the entire surface of
the planet, basically.

1827
01:44:48,719 --> 01:44:51,624
And in this other programming concept,
we create an open-source platform

1828
01:44:51,764 --> 01:44:53,899
where people can begin to
engineer this very program

1829
01:44:54,039 --> 01:44:55,627
that I'm describing.

1830
01:44:56,467 --> 01:44:58,578
That's it. I was going to make
a conclusion to this talk

1831
01:44:58,718 --> 01:45:00,484
but it was already way too long.

1832
01:45:00,624 --> 01:45:02,959
So I just hope this gives a deeper
understanding of the model,

1833
01:45:03,100 --> 01:45:05,100
how it could work and
thank you for listening.

1834
01:45:05,277 --> 01:45:08,677
[Applause]