[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.46,0:00:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You have cancer."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.06,0:00:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sadly, about 40 percent of us will hear\Nthose three words within our lifetime,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.21,0:00:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and half will not survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.18,0:00:21.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This means that two of five\Nof your closest friends and relatives
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.01,0:00:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be diagnosed\Nwith some form of cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.51,0:00:25.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one will die.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.34,0:00:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beyond the physical hardships,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.02,0:00:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,roughly one-third of cancer\Nsurvivors here in the US
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.28,0:00:33.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will go into debt from treatment.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.97,0:00:37.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're at least two-and-a-half times\Nmore likely to declare bankruptcy
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.66,0:00:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than those without cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.79,0:00:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This disease is pervasive.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.37,0:00:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's emotionally draining,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.92,0:00:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for many,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.09,0:00:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,financially destructive.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.07,0:00:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a cancer diagnosis doesn't\Nhave to be a death sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.13,0:00:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finding cancer early,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.04,0:00:55.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,closer its genesis,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.25,0:00:58.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one of the critical factors\Nto improving treatment options,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.91,0:01:00.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reducing its emotional impact
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.99,0:01:03.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and minimizing financial burdens.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.65,0:01:05.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.03,0:01:06.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,finding cancer early --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.33,0:01:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is one of the primary\Naims of my research --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.27,0:01:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,greatly enhances your odds of survival.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.37,0:01:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we just look at the case\Nof breast cancer for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.19,0:01:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we find that those who are diagnosed\Nand treated at stage one
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.63,0:01:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have a five-year survival rate\Nof nearly 100 percent --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.98,0:01:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,odds that decrease to just 22 percent\Nif treated at stage four.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.32,0:01:33.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And similar trends are found\Nfor colorectal and ovarian cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.22,0:01:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, we're all aware that an early\Ndiagnosis that is accurate
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.70,0:01:42.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is critical for survival.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.90,0:01:47.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem is that many\Ncancer diagnostic tools are invasive,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.73,0:01:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,costly,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.76,0:01:49.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often inaccurate,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.93,0:01:54.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they can take an agonizing\Namount of time to get the results back.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.68,0:01:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Still worse,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.69,0:01:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to some forms of cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.52,0:02:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as ovarian, liver\Nor pancreatic cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.50,0:02:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good screening methods simply don't exist,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.20,0:02:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning that often people wait\Nuntil physical symptoms surface,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.29,0:02:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are themselves already indicators\Nof late-stage progression.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.22,0:02:17.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like a tornado strike in an area\Nwithout an early warning system,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.80,0:02:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no alarm to warn
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.77,0:02:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the danger is already\Nat your doorstep ...
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.64,0:02:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when your odds of survival\Nare greatly reduced.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.68,0:02:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having the convenience and accessibility\Nof regular screening options
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.95,0:02:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are affordable, noninvasive\Nand could provide results much sooner,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.33,0:02:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would provide us with a formidable\Nweapon in the fight against cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.100,0:02:46.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An early warning would allow us\Nto get out ahead of the disease
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.09,0:02:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of merely following\Nin its relentless wake.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.67,0:02:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is exactly what I've been doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.64,0:02:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the past three years,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.38,0:02:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been developing technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.97,0:02:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that could ultimately aid clinicians
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.71,0:02:58.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with rapid, early-stage\Ncancer diagnostics.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.23,0:03:03.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've been fueled by a deep\Nscientific curiosity,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.06,0:03:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a passion to change these statistics.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.100,0:03:09.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last year however,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.20,0:03:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this fight became much more personal
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.18,0:03:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when my wife was diagnosed\Nwith breast cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.79,0:03:20.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was an experience that added a strong\Nand unexpected emotional dimension
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.19,0:03:21.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to these efforts.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.52,0:03:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know firsthand how life altering\Ntreatment can be,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.77,0:03:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm keenly aware\Nof the emotional havoc
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.47,0:03:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that cancer and wreak on a family,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.93,0:03:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which in our case included\Nour two young daughters.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.69,0:03:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we found it early\Nduring a routine mammogram,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.87,0:03:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were able to focus primarly\Non treatment options
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.48,0:03:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the localized tumor,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.19,0:03:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reaffirming to me how important\Nan early diagnosis is.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.26,0:03:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unlike other forms of cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.58,0:03:57.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mammograms do offer an early stage\Nscreening option for breast cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.37,0:03:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Still, not everyone has this done,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.64,0:04:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they may develop cancer before\Nthe middle age recommendation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.76,0:04:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for having a mammogram.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.65,0:04:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there's still a lot\Nof room for improvement,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.90,0:04:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even for cancers that do\Nhave screening options.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.21,0:04:11.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.21,0:04:13.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,considerable benefits\Nfor those that don't.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.97,0:04:16.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A key challenge then\Nfor cancer researchers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.67,0:04:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to develop methods
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.06,0:04:23.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that make regular screening for many\Ntypes of cancers much more accessible.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.11,0:04:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine a scenario where during\Nyour regular checkup,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.30,0:04:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your doctor can take a simple,\Nnoninvasive urine sample,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.02,0:04:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or other liquid biopsy,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.04,0:04:37.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and present you with the results\Nbefore you even leave the doctor's office.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.05,0:04:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Such a technology could dramatically\Nreduce the number of people
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.67,0:04:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who slip through the net\Nof an early-stage cancer diagnosis.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.08,0:04:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My research team\Nof engineers and biochemists
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.88,0:04:50.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is working on exactly this challenge.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.67,0:04:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're working on ways to frequently\Nactivate an early-stage cancer alarm
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.84,0:05:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by enabling regular screenings\Nthat would start when a person is healthy
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.13,0:05:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that action could be taken to stop\Ncancer the moment it emerges,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.47,0:05:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and before it can progress\Nbeyond its infancy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.94,0:05:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The silver bullet in this case\Nare tiny vesicles,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.91,0:05:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little escape pods regularly shed\Nby cells called exosomes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.87,0:05:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exosomes are important biomarkers\Nthat provide an early-warning system
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.55,0:05:23.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the development of cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.90,0:05:27.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And because they're abundantly present\Nin just about every bodily fluid,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.29,0:05:29.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including blood, urine and saliva,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.91,0:05:34.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're extremely attractive\Nfor noninvasive liquid biopsies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.28,0:05:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's just one problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.90,0:05:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An automated system for rapidly sorting\Nthese important biomarkers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.24,0:05:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not currently available.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.95,0:05:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've created a technology\Nthat we call nano-DLD
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.35,0:05:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is capable of precisely this:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.05,0:05:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automated exosome isolation
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.02,0:05:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to aid rapid cancer diagnostics.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.27,0:05:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exosomes are the newest\Nearly-warning weapon,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.08,0:06:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you will,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.08,0:06:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to emerge on the liquid biopsy front.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.08,0:06:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're really, really small.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.25,0:06:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They measure just 30 to 150\Nnanometers in diameter.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.37,0:06:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is so tiny
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.76,0:06:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you could fit about a million\Nof them into a single red blood cell.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.94,0:06:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's roughly the difference\Nbetween a golf ball
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.27,0:06:18.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a fine grain piece of sand.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.12,0:06:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once thought to be little bins\Nfor unwanted cellular waste,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.76,0:06:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has been found that cells\Nactually communicate
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.86,0:06:28.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by producing and absorbing these exosomes
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.100,0:06:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which contain surface receptors,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.41,0:06:32.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proteins
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.48,0:06:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other genetic material\Ncollected from their cell of origin.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.75,0:06:39.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When absorbed by a neighboring cell,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.45,0:06:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exosomes release their contents\Ninto the receiving cell,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.25,0:06:46.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can set in motion fundamental\Nchanges in gene expression --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.55,0:06:47.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some good --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.55,0:06:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is where cancer comes in --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.33,0:06:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some bad.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.02,0:06:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they are clothed\Nin the material of the mother cell,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.82,0:06:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and contain a sample of its environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.74,0:07:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they provide a genetic snapshot\Nof that cell's health and its origin.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.42,0:07:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these qualities make exosomes\Ninvaluable messengers
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.61,0:07:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that potentially allow physicians\Nto eavesdrop on your health
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.93,0:07:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the cellular level.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.19,0:07:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To catch cancer early however,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.03,0:07:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to frequently\Nintercept these messages
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.97,0:07:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to determine when cancer-causing\Ntroublemakers within your body
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.47,0:07:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decide to start staging a coup,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.27,0:07:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is why regular\Nscreening is so critical,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.47,0:07:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why we're developing\Ntechnologies to make this possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.08,0:07:35.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While the first exosome-based diagnostics\Nemerged on the market just this year,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.15,0:07:38.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are not yet part of mainstream\Nhealthcare options.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.52,0:07:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition to their recent emergence,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.35,0:07:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another factor that's limiting\Ntheir widespread adoption
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.84,0:07:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that currently,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.95,0:07:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no automated exosome\Nisolation system exists
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.94,0:07:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make regular screening\Neconomically accessible.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.96,0:07:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The current gold standard\Nfor exosome isolation
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.77,0:07:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,includes ultracentrifugation,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.82,0:08:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a process requiring expensive\Nlaboratory equipment,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.02,0:08:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a trained lab tech
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.18,0:08:05.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about 30 hours of time\Nto process a sample.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.77,0:08:11.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've come up with a different approach\Nfor achieving automated exosome isolation
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.53,0:08:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a sample such as urine.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.85,0:08:18.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We use a chip-based, continuous flow\Nseparation technique
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.10,0:08:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called deterministic lateral displacement,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.92,0:08:22.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have done with it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.52,0:08:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the semiconductor industry has done\Nso successfully for the past 50 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.84,0:08:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We shrunk the dimensions\Nof this technology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.91,0:08:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the micron scale\Nto the true nanoscale.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.90,0:08:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how does it work?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.35,0:08:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a nutshell,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.52,0:08:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a set of tiny pillars separated\Nby nanoscopic gaps
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.64,0:08:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are arranged in such a way
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.90,0:08:44.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the system divides\Nthe fluid into streamlines,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.11,0:08:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the larger cancer-related\Nnanoparticles being separated
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.44,0:08:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through a process of redirection\Nfrom the smaller, healthier ones,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.48,0:08:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can in contrast,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.02,0:08:55.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,move around the pillars\Nin a zigzag-type motion
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.62,0:08:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the direction of fluid flow.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.30,0:09:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The net result is a complete separation\Nof these two particle populations.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.62,0:09:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can visualize\Nthis separation process --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.47,0:09:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar to traffic on a highway\Nthat separates into two roads,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.24,0:09:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with one road going into\Na low-clearance tunnel under a mountain,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.83,0:09:16.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other road going around it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.86,0:09:19.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, smaller cars\Ncan go through the tunnel
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.59,0:09:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while larger trucks,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.74,0:09:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carrying potentially hazardous material,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.96,0:09:25.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are forced to take the detour route.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.74,0:09:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Traffic is effectively separated\Nby size and contents
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.96,0:09:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without impeding its flow.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.03,0:09:36.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is exactly how our system works\Non a much, much smaller scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.72,0:09:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea here is that the separation\Nprocess for screening
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.74,0:09:45.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be as simple as processing\Na sample of urine, blood or saliva,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.87,0:09:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a near-term possibility\Nwithin the next few years.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.01,0:09:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ultimately, it could be used to isolate\Nand detect target exosomes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.46,0:09:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associated with a particular\Ntype of cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.66,0:10:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensing and reporting\Ntheir presence within minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.83,0:10:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This would make rapid diagnostics\Nvirtually painless.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.80,0:10:05.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Broadly speaking,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.99,0:10:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ability to separate\Nand enrich biomarkers
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.82,0:10:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with nanoscale precision\Nin an automated way,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.55,0:10:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,opens the door to better understanding\Ndiseases such as cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.08,0:10:20.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with applications ranging from sample\Npreparation to diagnostics,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.10,0:10:22.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from drug resistance\Nmonitoring to therapeutics.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.58,0:10:25.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even before my wife's bout with cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.85,0:10:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was a dream of mine to facilitate\Nthe automation of this process --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.08,0:10:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make regular screening more accessible,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.95,0:10:35.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar to the way Henry Ford\Nmade the automobile accessible
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.89,0:10:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the general population
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.50,0:10:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through development of the assembly line.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.87,0:10:42.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Automation is the key to accessibility.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.40,0:10:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the spirit of the Hoover dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.24,0:10:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"a chicken in every pot\Nand a car in every garage,"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.31,0:10:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're developing a technology\N
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.71,0:10:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that could ultimately place
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.22,0:10:54.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an early-warning cancer detection system
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.63,0:10:55.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in every home.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.21,0:10:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This would allow every\Nman, woman and child
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.30,0:11:02.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the opportunity to be regularly tested\Nwhile their still healthy,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.45,0:11:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,catching cancer when it first emerges.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.56,0:11:07.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is my hope and dream
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.23,0:11:10.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help people around the world\Navoid the high costs --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.85,0:11:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physical, financial and emotional --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.46,0:11:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,faced by today's cancer patients ...
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.76,0:11:18.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hardships that I'm well acquainted with.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.69,0:11:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm also happy to report that because\Nwe caught my wife's cancer early,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.71,0:11:25.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her treatment was successful,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.70,0:11:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she is now, thankfully, cancer-free.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.67,0:11:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.37,0:11:40.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is an outcome that I would like to see\Nfor everyone with a cancer diagnosis.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.41,0:11:43.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the work that my team\Nhas already done
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.41,0:11:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on separation of nanoscale biomarkers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.34,0:11:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for rapid, early-stage cancer diagnostics,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.34,0:11:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am optimistic that within\Nthe next decade,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.90,0:11:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this type of technology will be available,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.46,0:11:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,helping protect our friends, our family,\Nand future generations.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.95,0:12:02.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if we are so unlucky\Nas to be diagnosed with cancer,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.82,0:12:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that early-stage alarm will provide\Na strong beacon of hope.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.29,0:12:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.14,0:12:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)