[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.76,0:00:02.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was in the fifth grade,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.24,0:00:06.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I bought an issue\Nof "DC Comics Presents #57"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.64,0:00:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,off of a spinner rack\Nat my local bookstore,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.40,0:00:13.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that comic book changed my life.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.12,0:00:16.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The combination of words and pictures\Ndid something inside my head
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.52,0:00:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that had never been done before
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.08,0:00:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I immediately fell in love\Nwith the medium of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.80,0:00:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I became a voracious comic book reader,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.00,0:00:26.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I never brought them to school.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.72,0:00:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instinctively, I knew that comic books\Ndidn't belong in the classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.56,0:00:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My parents definitely were not fans
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.00,0:00:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was certain that my teachers\Nwouldn't be either.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.12,0:00:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, they never used them to teach,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.40,0:00:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comic books and graphic novels were never\Nallowed during silent sustained reading
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.32,0:00:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were never sold\Nat our annual book fair.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.84,0:00:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even so, I kept reading comics
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.44,0:00:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I even started making them.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.08,0:00:55.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually I became a published cartoonist
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.12,0:00:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,writing and drawing\Ncomic books for a living.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.68,0:01:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also became a high school teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.96,0:01:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is where I taught:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.28,0:01:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bishop O'Dowd High School\Nin Oakland, California.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.12,0:01:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I taught a little bit of math\Nand a little bit of art,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.68,0:01:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but mostly computer science,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.08,0:01:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was there for 17 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.52,0:01:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was a brand new teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.40,0:01:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tried bringing comic books\Ninto my classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.56,0:01:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember telling my students\Non the first day of every class
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.68,0:01:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I was also a cartoonist.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.80,0:01:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't so much that I was planning\Nto teach them with comics,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.92,0:01:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was more that I was hoping comics\Nwould make them think that I was cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.96,0:01:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.40,0:01:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.80,0:01:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the '90s,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.80,0:01:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so comic books didn't have\Nthe cultural cachet that they do today.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.12,0:01:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My students didn't think I was cool.\NThey thought I was kind of a dork.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.08,0:01:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even worse,\Nwhen stuff got hard in my class,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.00,0:01:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would use comic books\Nas a way of distracting me.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.32,0:01:50.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They would raise their hands\Nand ask me questions like,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.96,0:01:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mr. Yang, who do you think\Nwould win in a fight,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.32,0:01:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Superman or the Hulk?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.60,0:01:55.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.64,0:02:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I very quickly realized I had to keep\Nmy teaching and my cartooning separate.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.72,0:02:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seemed like my instincts\Nin fifth grade were correct.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.16,0:02:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books didn't belong\Nin the classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.80,0:02:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But again, I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.80,0:02:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A few years into my teaching career,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.88,0:02:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned firsthand\Nthe educational potential of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.80,0:02:20.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One semester, I was asked to sub\Nfor this Algebra 2 class.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.36,0:02:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was asked to long-term sub it\Nand I said yes, but there was a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.68,0:02:28.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the time, I was also\Nthe school's educational technologist,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.40,0:02:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which meant every couple of weeks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.32,0:02:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had to miss one or two periods\Nof this Algebra 2 class
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.76,0:02:36.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I was in another classroom\Nhelping another teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.60,0:02:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a computer-related activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.72,0:02:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For these Algebra 2 students,\Nthat was terrible.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.88,0:02:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, having a long-term\Nsub is bad enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.52,0:02:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but having a sub for your sub?\NThat's the worst.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.36,0:02:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In an effort to provide some sort\Nof consistency for my students,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.24,0:02:55.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began videotaping\Nmyself giving lectures.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.12,0:02:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd then give these videos to my sub\Nto play for my students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.76,0:03:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tried to make these videos\Nas engaging as possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.24,0:03:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I even included\Nthese little special effects.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.40,0:03:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For instance, after I finished\Na problem on the board,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.28,0:03:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd clap my hands
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.92,0:03:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the board would magically erase.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.36,0:03:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.80,0:03:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought it was pretty awesome.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.16,0:03:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was pretty certain\Nthat my students would love it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.04,0:03:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.28,0:03:21.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.68,0:03:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These video lectures were a disaster.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.56,0:03:27.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had students coming up to me\Nand saying things like,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.16,0:03:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mr. Yang, we thought\Nyou were boring in person,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.44,0:03:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but on video, you are just unbearable."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.92,0:03:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.56,0:03:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as a desperate second attempt,\NI began drawing these lectures as comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.92,0:03:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd do these very quickly\Nwith very little planning.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.40,0:03:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd just take a sharpie,\Ndraw one panel after the other,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.24,0:03:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figuring out what I wanted\Nto say as I went.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.96,0:03:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These comics lectures would come out
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.72,0:03:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to anywhere between\Nfour and six pages long,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.84,0:03:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd xerox these, give them to my sub\Nto hand to my students.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.84,0:03:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And much to my surprise,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.08,0:04:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these comics lectures were a hit.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.92,0:04:05.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My students would ask me\Nto make these for them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.48,0:04:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even when I could be there in person.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.44,0:04:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was like they liked cartoon me\Nmore than actual me.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.56,0:04:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.64,0:04:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This surprised me, because my students\Nare part of a generation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.36,0:04:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was raised on screens,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.28,0:04:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I thought for sure they would like\Nlearning from a screen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.52,0:04:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better than learning from a page,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.08,0:04:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when I talked to my students
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.76,0:04:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about why they liked\Nthese comics lectures so much,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.00,0:04:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began to understand\Nthe educational potential of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.40,0:04:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, unlike their math textbooks,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.04,0:04:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these comics lectures taught visually.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.64,0:04:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our students grow up in a visual culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.48,0:04:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they're used to taking in\Ninformation that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.24,0:04:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But unlike other visual narratives,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.04,0:04:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like film or television\Nor animation or video,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.88,0:04:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comics are what I call permanent.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.76,0:05:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a comic, past, present and future\Nall sit side by side on the same page.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.44,0:05:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This means that the rate\Nof information flow
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.88,0:05:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is firmly in the hands of the reader.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.56,0:05:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When my students didn't understand\Nsomething in my comics lecture,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.60,0:05:17.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could just reread that passage\Nas quickly or as slowly as they needed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.84,0:05:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was like I was giving them\Na remote control over the information.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.84,0:05:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same was not true of my video lectures
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.76,0:05:27.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it wasn't even true\Nof my in-person lectures.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.56,0:05:32.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I speak, I deliver the information\Nas quickly or slowly as I want.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.32,0:05:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for certain students\Nand certain kinds of information,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.72,0:05:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these two aspects of the comics medium,\Nits visual nature and its permanence,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.68,0:05:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make it an incredibly powerful\Neducational tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.36,0:05:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was teaching this Algebra 2 class,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.36,0:05:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was also working on my master's\Nin education at Cal State East Bay
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.60,0:05:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was so intrigued by this experience\Nthat I had with these comics lectures
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.68,0:05:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I decided to focus\Nmy final master's project on comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.80,0:06:02.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to figure out\Nwhy American educators
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.80,0:06:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have historically been so reluctant\Nto use comic books in their classrooms.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.04,0:06:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's what I discovered.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.16,0:06:12.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books first became\Na mass medium in the 1940s,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.84,0:06:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with millions of copies\Nselling every month
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.28,0:06:17.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and educators back then took notice.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.44,0:06:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of innovative teachers began\Nbringing comics into their classrooms
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.44,0:06:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.80,0:06:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1944, the "Journal\Nof Educational Sociology"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.68,0:06:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even devoted an entire issue\Nto this topic.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.28,0:06:32.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things seemed to be progressing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.68,0:06:35.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Teachers were starting\Nto figure things out.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.08,0:06:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then along comes this guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.40,0:06:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is child psychologist\NDr. Fredric Wertham,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.40,0:06:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 1954, he wrote a book\Ncalled "Seduction of the Innocent,"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.36,0:06:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he argues that comic books\Ncause juvenile delinquency.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.92,0:06:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.00,0:06:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.64,0:06:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Dr. Wertham was actually\Na pretty decent guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.04,0:06:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He spent most of his career\Nworking with juvenile delinquents
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.12,0:07:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in his work he noticed\Nthat most of his clients read comic books.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.36,0:07:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What Dr. Wertham failed to realize\Nwas in the 1940s and '50s,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.12,0:07:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost every kid in America\Nread comic books.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.28,0:07:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. Wertham does a pretty\Ndubious job of proving his case,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.64,0:07:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his book does inspire\Nthe Senate of the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.00,0:07:20.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hold a series of hearings
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.12,0:07:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see if in fact comic books\Ncaused juvenile delinquency.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.72,0:07:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hearings lasted\Nfor almost two months.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.48,0:07:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They ended inconclusively,\Nbut not before doing tremendous damage
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.00,0:07:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the reputation of comic books\Nin the eyes of the American public.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.20,0:07:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After this, respectable American\Neducators all backed away
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.56,0:07:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they stayed away for decades.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.40,0:07:43.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't until the 1970s
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.88,0:07:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a few brave souls\Nstarted making their way back in
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.36,0:07:49.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it really wasn't\Nuntil pretty recently,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.44,0:07:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe the last decade or so,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.16,0:07:54.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that comics have seen\Nmore widespread acceptance
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.08,0:07:55.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among American educators.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.88,0:08:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books and graphic novels\Nare now finally making their way
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.04,0:08:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back into American classrooms
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.92,0:08:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is even happening\Nat Bishop O'Dowd, where I used to teach.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.76,0:08:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Smith, one of my former colleagues,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.68,0:08:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses Scott McCloud's\N"Understanding Comics"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.64,0:08:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in his literature and film class,\Nbecause that book gives his students
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.64,0:08:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the language with which to discuss\Nthe relationship between words and images.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.76,0:08:23.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Burns assigns a comics essay\Nto his students every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.68,0:08:27.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By asking his students\Nto process a prose novel using images,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.64,0:08:30.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Burns asks them to think deeply
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.20,0:08:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just about the story
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.16,0:08:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also about how that story is told.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.20,0:08:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Ms. Murrock uses\Nmy own "American Born Chinese"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.32,0:08:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her English 1 students.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.12,0:08:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For her, graphic novels
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.76,0:08:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are a great way of fulfilling\Na Common Core Standard.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.56,0:08:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Standard states that students\Nought to be able to analyze
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.48,0:08:54.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how visual elements contribute\Nto the meaning, tone and beauty of a text.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.76,0:08:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over in the library, Ms. Counts\Nhas built a pretty impressive
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.00,0:09:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,graphic novel collection\Nfor Bishop O'Dowd.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.36,0:09:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Ms. Counts and all\Nof her librarian colleagues
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.56,0:09:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have really been at the forefront\Nof comics advocacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.60,0:09:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really since the early '80s,\Nwhen a school library journal article
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.12,0:09:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stated that the mere presence\Nof graphic novels in the library
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.48,0:09:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increased usage by about 80 percent
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.28,0:09:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and increased the circulation\Nof noncomics material
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.36,0:09:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by about 30 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.24,0:09:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inspired by this renewed interest\Nfrom American educators,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.68,0:09:31.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American cartoonists are now producing\Nmore explicitly educational content
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.64,0:09:34.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the K-12 market than ever before.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.36,0:09:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of this is directed\Nat language arts,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.56,0:09:39.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but more and more comics\Nand graphic novels
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.64,0:09:43.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are starting to tackle\Nmath and science topics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.16,0:09:47.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,STEM comics graphics novels\Nreally are like this uncharted territory,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.68,0:09:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ready to be explored.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.92,0:09:52.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America is finally waking up to the fact
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.44,0:09:56.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that comic books\Ndo not cause juvenile delinquency.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.64,0:09:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.68,0:10:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That they really do belong\Nin every educator's toolkit.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.88,0:10:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no good reason\Nto keep comic books and graphic novels
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.24,0:10:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of K-12 education.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.32,0:10:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They teach visually,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.00,0:10:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they give our students\Nthat remote control.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.52,0:10:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The educational potential is there
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.24,0:10:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just waiting to be tapped
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.00,0:10:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by creative people like you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.44,0:10:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.68,0:10:23.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)