[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.85,0:00:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was in the fifth grade,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.33,0:00:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I bought an issue\Nof DC Comics Presents #57
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.76,0:00:09.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,off of a spinner rack\Nat my local bookstore,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.56,0:00:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that comic book changed my life.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.29,0:00:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The combination of words and pictures\Ndid something inside my head
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.52,0:00:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that had never been done before,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.29,0:00:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I immediately fell in love\Nwith the medium of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.04,0:00:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I became a voracious comic book reader,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.22,0:00:27.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I never brought them to school.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.04,0:00:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instinctively, I knew that comic books\Ndidn't belong in the classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.78,0:00:35.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My parents definitely were not fans,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.13,0:00:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was certain that my teachers\Nwouldn't be either.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.30,0:00:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, they never used them to teach,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.33,0:00:44.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comic books and graphic novels were never\Nallowed during silent sustained reading,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.65,0:00:48.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were never sold\Nat our annual book fair.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.10,0:00:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even so, I kept reading comics,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.33,0:00:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I even started making them.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.40,0:00:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually I became a published cartoonist
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.06,0:00:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,writing and drawing\Ncomic books for a living.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.84,0:01:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also became a high school teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.22,0:01:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is where I taught:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.46,0:01:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bishop O'Dowd High School\Nin Oakland, California.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.43,0:01:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I taught a little bit of math\Nand a little bit of art,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.48,0:01:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but mostly computer science,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.10,0:01:11.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was there for 17 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.68,0:01:13.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was brand new teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.53,0:01:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tried bringing comic books\Ninto my classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.78,0:01:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember telling my students\Non the first day of every class
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.66,0:01:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I was also a cartoonist.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.81,0:01:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't so much that I was planning\Nto teach them with comics,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.26,0:01:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was more that I was hoping comics\Nwould make them think that I was cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.65,0:01:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.65,0:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.00,0:01:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the '90s,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.09,0:01:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so comic books didn't have\Nthe cultural cache that they do today.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.10,0:01:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My students didn't think I was cool.\NThey thought I was kind of a dork.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.12,0:01:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even worse, when stuff\Ngot hard in my class,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.15,0:01:48.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would use comic books\Nas a way of distracting me.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.36,0:01:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They would raise their hands\Nand me questions like,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.04,0:01:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mr. Yang, who do you think\Nwould win in a fight,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.93,0:01:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Superman or the Hulk?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.15,0:01:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.07,0:02:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I very quickly realized I had to keep\Nmy teaching and my cartooning separate.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.03,0:02:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seemed like my instincts\Nin fifth grade were correct.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.10,0:02:07.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books didn't belong\Nin the classroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.01,0:02:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But again, I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.98,0:02:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A few years into my teaching career,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.10,0:02:16.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned firsthand\Nthe educational potential of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.91,0:02:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One semester, I was asked to sub\Nfor this Algebra 2 class.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.61,0:02:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was asked to long-term sub it,\Nand I said yes, but there was a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.90,0:02:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the time, I was also the school's\Neducational technologist,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.56,0:02:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which meant every couple of weeks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.57,0:02:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had to miss one or two periods\Nof this Algebra 2 class
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.88,0:02:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I was in another classroom\Nhelping another teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.81,0:02:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a computer-related activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.90,0:02:41.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For these Algebra 2 students,\Nthat was terrible.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.94,0:02:44.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, having a long-term\Nsub is bad enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.58,0:02:48.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but having a sub for your sub?\NThat's the worst.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.22,0:02:52.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In an effort to provide some sort\Nof consistency for my students,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.39,0:02:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began videotaping\Nmyself giving lectures.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.45,0:02:58.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd then give these videos to my sub\Nto play for my students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.94,0:03:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tried to make these videos\Nas engaging as possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.14,0:03:05.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I even included these\Nlittle special effects.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.55,0:03:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For instance, after I finished\Na problem on the board,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.32,0:03:10.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd clap my hands,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.33,0:03:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the board would magically erase.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.62,0:03:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.05,0:03:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought it was pretty awesome.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.45,0:03:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was pretty certain\Nthat my students would love it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.22,0:03:20.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.85,0:03:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.35,0:03:24.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These video lectures were a disaster.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.81,0:03:26.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had students coming up to me\Nand saying things like,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.92,0:03:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mr. Yang, we thought\Nyou were boring in person,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.23,0:03:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but on video, you are just unbearable."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.61,0:03:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.75,0:03:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as a desperate second attempt,\NI began drawing these lectures as comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.13,0:03:42.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd do these very quickly\Nwith very little planning.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.41,0:03:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd just take a sharpie,\Ndraw one panel after the other,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.57,0:03:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figuring out what I wanted\Nto say as I went.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.18,0:03:52.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These comics lectures would come out to\Nanywhere between four and six pages long,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.15,0:03:55.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd xerox these, give them to my sub
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.03,0:03:56.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hand to my students,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.94,0:03:59.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and much to my surprise,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.13,0:04:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these comics lectures were a hit.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.25,0:04:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My students would ask me\Nto make these for them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.86,0:04:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even when I could be there in person.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.76,0:04:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was like they liked cartoon me\Nmore than actual me.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.57,0:04:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.98,0:04:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This surprised me, because my students\Nare part of a generation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.47,0:04:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was raised on screens,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.28,0:04:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I thought for sure they would like\Nlearning from a screen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.52,0:04:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better than learning from a page,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.02,0:04:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when I talked to my students
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.99,0:04:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about why they liked\Nthese comics lectures so much,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.12,0:04:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began to understand\Nthe educational potential of comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.60,0:04:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, unlike their math textbooks,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.04,0:04:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these comics lectures taught visually.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.73,0:04:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our students grow up in a visual culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.78,0:04:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they're used to taking in\Ninformation that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.19,0:04:49.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But unlike other visual narratives,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.14,0:04:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like film or television\Nor animation or video,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.50,0:04:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comics are what I call permanent.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.72,0:05:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a comic, past, present, and future\Nall sit side by side on the same page.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.46,0:05:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This means that the rate\Nof information flow
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.63,0:05:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is firmly in the hands of the reader.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.98,0:05:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When my students didn't understand\Nsomething in my comics lecture,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.76,0:05:18.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could just reread that passage\Nas quickly or as slowly as they needed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.12,0:05:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was like I was giving them\Na remote control over the information.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.84,0:05:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same was not true of my video lectures
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.76,0:05:27.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it wasn't even true\Nof my in-person lectures.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.65,0:05:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I speak, I deliver the information\Nas quickly or slowly as I want.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.42,0:05:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for certain students\Nand certain kinds of information,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.04,0:05:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these two aspects of the comics medium,\Nits visual nature and its permanence,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.96,0:05:44.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make it an incredibly powerful\Neducational tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.57,0:05:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was teaching this Algebra 2 class,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.57,0:05:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was also working on my Masters\Nin Education at Cal State East Bay,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.69,0:05:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was so intrigued by this experience\Nthat I had with these comics lectures
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.82,0:05:59.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I decided to focus\Nmy final Masters project on comics.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.94,0:06:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to figure out\Nwhy American educators
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.00,0:06:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have historically been so reluctant\Nto use comic books in their classrooms.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.14,0:06:10.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's what I discovered.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.37,0:06:13.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books first became\Na mass medium in the 1940s,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.10,0:06:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with millions of copies\Nselling every month,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.26,0:06:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and educators back then took notice.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.72,0:06:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of innovative teachers began\Nbringing comics into their classrooms
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.25,0:06:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.16,0:06:26.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1944, the Journal\Nof Educational Sociology
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.78,0:06:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even devoted an entire issue\Nto this topic.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.64,0:06:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things seemed to be progressing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.93,0:06:35.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Teachers were starting\Nto figure things out.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.20,0:06:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then along comes this guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.40,0:06:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is child psychologist\NDr. Fredric Wertham,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.41,0:06:45.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 1954, he wrote a book\Ncalled "Seduction of the Innocent,"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.35,0:06:50.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he argues that comic books\Ncause juvenile delinquency.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.27,0:06:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.30,0:06:52.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.86,0:06:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Dr. Wertham was actually\Na pretty decent guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.88,0:06:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He spent most of his career\Nworking with juvenile delinquents,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.29,0:07:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in his work he noticed\Nthat most of his clients read comic books.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.25,0:07:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What Dr. Wertham failed to realize\Nwas in the 1940s and '50s,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.12,0:07:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost every kid in America\Nread comic books.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.26,0:07:14.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. Wertham does a pretty\Ndubious job of proving his case,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.66,0:07:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his book does inspire\Nthe Senate of the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.49,0:07:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hold a series of hearings
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.12,0:07:25.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see if in fact comic books\Ncause juvenile delinquency.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.04,0:07:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hearings lasted\Nfor almost two months.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.71,0:07:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They ended inconclusively,\Nbut not before doing tremendous damage
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.95,0:07:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the reputation of comic books\Nin the eyes of the American public.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.48,0:07:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After this, respectable American\Neducators all backed away,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.67,0:07:42.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they stayed away for decades.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.78,0:07:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't until the 1970s\Nthat a few brave souls
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.11,0:07:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,started making their way back in,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.62,0:07:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it really wasn't\Nuntil pretty recently,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.63,0:07:51.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe the last decade or so,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.29,0:07:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that comics have seen\Nmore widespread acceptance
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.82,0:07:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among American educators.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.10,0:07:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comic books and graphic novels are now\Nfinally making their way
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.99,0:08:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back into American classrooms,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.02,0:08:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is even happening\Nat Bishop O'Dowd, where I used to teach.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.02,0:08:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Smith, one of my former colleagues,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.74,0:08:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses Scott McCloud's\N"Understanding Comics"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.65,0:08:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in his literature and film class,\Nbecause that book gives his students
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.50,0:08:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the language with which to discuss\Nthe relationship between words and images.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.74,0:08:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Burns assigns a comics essay\Nto his students every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.42,0:08:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By asking his students to process\Na prose novel using images,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.66,0:08:30.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Burns asks them to think deeply
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.12,0:08:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just about the story
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.28,0:08:35.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also about how that story is told.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.39,0:08:38.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Ms. Murrock uses my own\N"American Born Chinese"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.45,0:08:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her English 1 students.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.34,0:08:43.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For her, graphic novels\Nare a great way of fulfilling
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.87,0:08:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a Common Core Standard.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.74,0:08:48.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Standard states that students\Nought to be able to analyze
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.75,0:08:54.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how visual elements contribute\Nto the meaning, tone and beauty of a text.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.79,0:08:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over in the library, Mr. ??\Nhas built a pretty impressive
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.98,0:09:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,graphic novel collection\Nfor Bishop O'Dowd.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.37,0:09:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Ms. ?? and all\Nof her librarian colleagues
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.67,0:09:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have really been at the forefront\Nof comics advocacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.70,0:09:09.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really since the early '80s,\Nwhen a school library journal article
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.85,0:09:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stated that the mere presence\Nof graphic novels in the library
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.59,0:09:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increased usage by about 80 percent,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.34,0:09:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and increased the circulation\Nof non-comics material
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.07,0:09:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by about 30 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.09,0:09:26.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inspired by this renewed interest\Nfrom American educators,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.61,0:09:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American cartoonists are now producing\Nmore explicitly educational content
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.42,0:09:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the K-12 market than ever before.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.56,0:09:37.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of this is directed\Nat language arts,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.56,0:09:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but more and more comics\Nand graphic novels
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.78,0:09:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are starting to tackle\Nmath and science topics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.38,0:09:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,STEM comics graphics novels\Nreally are like this uncharted territory,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.82,0:09:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ready to be explored.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.84,0:09:55.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America is finally waking up to the fact\Nthat comic books do not cause
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.51,0:09:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,juvenile delinquency,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.59,0:10:01.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they really do belong\Nin every educator's toolkit.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.85,0:10:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no good reason to keep\Ncomic books and graphic novels
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.48,0:10:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of K-12 education.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.28,0:10:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They teach visually,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.01,0:10:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they give our students\Nthat remote control.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.57,0:10:15.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The educational potential is there
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.24,0:10:17.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just waiting to be tapped
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.89,0:10:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by creative people like you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.54,0:10:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.15,0:10:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)