WEBVTT 00:00:06.795 --> 00:00:08.055 Curiosity: 00:00:08.055 --> 00:00:09.863 a blessing, or a curse? 00:00:09.863 --> 00:00:11.603 The paradoxical nature of this trait 00:00:11.603 --> 00:00:13.553 was personified for the ancient Greeks 00:00:13.553 --> 00:00:15.913 in the mythical figure of Pandora. 00:00:15.913 --> 00:00:17.033 According to legend, 00:00:17.033 --> 00:00:18.743 she was the first mortal woman, 00:00:18.743 --> 00:00:23.413 whose blazing curiosity set a chain of earth-shattering events in motion. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:23.413 --> 00:00:27.076 Pandora was breathed into being by Hephaestus, God of fire, 00:00:27.076 --> 00:00:31.266 who enlisted the help of his divine companions to make her extraordinary. 00:00:31.266 --> 00:00:34.626 From Aphrodite she received the capacity for deep emotion; 00:00:34.626 --> 00:00:37.386 from Hermes she gained mastery over language. 00:00:37.386 --> 00:00:41.826 Athena gave the gift of fine craftsmanship and attention to detail, 00:00:41.826 --> 00:00:44.506 and Hermes gave her her name. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:44.506 --> 00:00:48.006 Finally, Zeus bestowed two gifts on Pandora. 00:00:48.006 --> 00:00:50.376 The first was the trait of curiosity, 00:00:50.376 --> 00:00:54.546 which settled in her spirit and sent her eagerly out into the world. 00:00:54.546 --> 00:00:58.926 The second was a heavy box, ornately curved, heavy to hold – 00:00:58.926 --> 00:01:00.792 and screwed tightly shut. 00:01:00.792 --> 00:01:04.802 But the contents, Zeus told her, were not for mortal eyes. 00:01:04.802 --> 00:01:08.592 She was not to open the box under any circumstance. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:08.592 --> 00:01:13.313 On earth, Pandora met and fell in love with Epimetheus, a talented titan 00:01:13.313 --> 00:01:17.093 who had been given the task of designing the natural world by Zeus. 00:01:17.093 --> 00:01:19.763 He had worked alongside his brother Prometheus, 00:01:19.763 --> 00:01:21.503 who created the first humans 00:01:21.503 --> 00:01:24.603 but was eternally punished for giving them fire. 00:01:24.603 --> 00:01:27.103 Epimetheus missed his brother desperately, 00:01:27.103 --> 00:01:31.773 but in Pandora he found another fiery-hearted soul for companionship. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:31.773 --> 00:01:34.403 Pandora brimmed with excitement at life on earth. 00:01:34.403 --> 00:01:37.743 She was also easily distracted and could be impatient, 00:01:37.743 --> 00:01:42.073 given her thirst for knowledge and desire to question her surroundings. 00:01:42.073 --> 00:01:45.568 Often, her mind wandered to the contents of the sealed box. 00:01:45.568 --> 00:01:49.784 What treasure was so great it could never be seen by human eyes, 00:01:49.784 --> 00:01:51.864 and why was it in her care? 00:01:51.864 --> 00:01:54.244 Her fingers itched to pry it open. 00:01:54.244 --> 00:01:57.234 Sometimes she was convinced she heard voices whispering 00:01:57.234 --> 00:01:59.334 and the contents rattling around inside, 00:01:59.334 --> 00:02:00.944 as if straining to be free. 00:02:00.944 --> 00:02:04.674 Its enigma became maddening. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:04.674 --> 00:02:08.736 Over time, Pandora became more and more obsessed with the box. 00:02:08.736 --> 00:02:12.396 It seemed there was a force beyond her control that drew her to the contents, 00:02:12.396 --> 00:02:15.516 which echoed her name louder and louder. 00:02:15.516 --> 00:02:17.817 One day she could bear it no longer. 00:02:17.817 --> 00:02:19.437 Stealing away from Epimetheus, 00:02:19.437 --> 00:02:21.697 she stared at the mystifying box. 00:02:21.697 --> 00:02:23.830 She’d take one glance inside, 00:02:23.830 --> 00:02:27.091 then be able to rid her mind of it forever... NOTE Paragraph 00:02:27.091 --> 00:02:30.339 But at the first crack of the lid, the box burst open. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:30.339 --> 00:02:32.309 Monstrous creatures and horrendous sounds 00:02:32.309 --> 00:02:36.639 rushed out in a cloud of smoke and swirled around her, screeching and cackling. 00:02:36.639 --> 00:02:37.629 Filled with terror, 00:02:37.629 --> 00:02:42.309 Pandora clawed desperately at the air to direct them back into their prison. 00:02:42.309 --> 00:02:46.222 But the creatures surged out in a gruesome cloud. 00:02:46.226 --> 00:02:49.806 She felt a wave of foreboding as they billowed away. 00:02:49.806 --> 00:02:51.826 Zeus had used the box as a vessel 00:02:51.826 --> 00:02:55.176 for all the forces of evil and suffering he’d created – 00:02:55.176 --> 00:02:56.276 and once released, 00:02:56.276 --> 00:02:58.196 they were uncontainable. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:58.196 --> 00:02:59.296 As she wept, 00:02:59.296 --> 00:03:03.266 Pandora became aware of a sound echoing from within the box. 00:03:03.266 --> 00:03:05.954 This was not the eerie whispering of demons, 00:03:05.954 --> 00:03:09.264 but a light tinkling that seemed to ease her anguish. 00:03:09.264 --> 00:03:11.914 When she once again lifted the lid and peered in, 00:03:11.914 --> 00:03:15.914 a warm beam of light rose out and fluttered away. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:15.914 --> 00:03:19.624 As she watched it flickering in the wake of the evil she’d unleashed, 00:03:19.624 --> 00:03:21.934 Pandora’s pain was eased. 00:03:21.934 --> 00:03:24.594 She knew that opening the box was irreversible – 00:03:24.594 --> 00:03:29.464 but alongside the strife, she’d set hope forth to temper its effects. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:29.464 --> 00:03:32.894 Today, Pandora’s Box suggests the extreme consequences 00:03:32.894 --> 00:03:34.992 of tampering with the unknown – 00:03:34.992 --> 00:03:38.822 but Pandora’s burning curiosity also suggests the duality that lies 00:03:38.822 --> 00:03:40.752 at the heart of human inquiry. 00:03:40.752 --> 00:03:43.492 Are we bound to investigate everything we don’t know, 00:03:43.492 --> 00:03:45.542 to mine the earth for more – 00:03:45.542 --> 00:03:47.082 or are there some mysteries 00:03:47.082 --> 00:03:48.852 that are better left unsolved?