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Selamat datang ke pembentangan 
tentang "Pendaraban"

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dan "Pembahagian Nombor Negatif".

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Mari kita mulakan.

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Anda akan dapati bahawa Pendaraban

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dan Pembahagian nombor negatif

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lebih senang dari yang anda sangka.

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Anda cuma perlu ingat beberapa peraturan saja.

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Apabila 2 nombor negatif didarabkan,

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contohnya (-2) x (-2);

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Mula-mula anggapkan tiada 
tanda negatif (-)

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pada nombor-nombor itu.

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Jadi 2 x 2 = 4.

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Bila nombor negatif didarabkan bersama,

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jawapannya ialah positif (+).

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Jadi tuliskan peraturan pertama ini.

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(-) x (-) = (+).

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Bagaimana pula dengan (-2) x 2 = ?

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Mula-mula, anggapkan tiada tanda negatif (-)

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pada nombor-nombor itu.

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2 x 2 = 4.

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Kita ada (-2) x (+2);

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bila nombor (-) didarabkan dengan nombor (+),

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jawapannya ialah (-).

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Ini ialah peraturan kedua.

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(-) x (+) = (-)

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Bagaimana pula jika 2 x (-2) ?

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Saya rasa anda boleh teka jawapannya

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sebab hampir sama dengan contoh tadi.

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Ini dipanggil "Penukaran Tertib" atau

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"Commutative Property" dalam Bahasa Inggeris.

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2 x (-2) = (-4)

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Maka peraturan yang terakhir ialah

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(+) x (-) = (-)

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2 peraturan terakhir ini

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sebenarnya sama saja.

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(-) x (+) = (-), 
atau

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(+) x (-) = (-)

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Juga boleh dinyatakan,
jika nombor berbeza 'tanda' didarabkan,

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jawapannya ialah negatif (-).

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Dan semestinya anda tahu apa jawapannya

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jika nombor positif didarabkan bersama;

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anda akan dapat nombor positif (+).

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Jom kita imbas kembali.

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(-) x (-) = (+)

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(-) x (+) = (-)

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(+) x (-) = (-)

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Dan (+) x (+) = (+)

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Mungkin anda sedikit keliru,

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jadi saya permudahkan untuk anda.

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Bila anda mendarab nombor-nombor

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yang sama 'tanda'; anda dapat jawapan positif (+).

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yang berlainan 'tanda'; anda dapat jawapan negatif (-).

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Contohnya, 
1 x 1 = 1,

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ataupun
(-1) x (-1) = 1

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Ini pula,
1 x (-1) = (-1)

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ataupun
(-1) x 1 = (-1).

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Perhatikan, ada 2 'tanda' pada latihan di bawah;

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(+) 1 dan 
(-1).

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Dan pada latihan di atas
di sebelah sini,

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kedua-dua nombor 1 bertanda (+).

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Di sebelah sini pula bertanda (-).

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Sekarang mari kita buat sedikit latihan

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supaya anda boleh cuba contoh-contoh ini,

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dan 'tips' serta peraturan yang membantu anda.

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Contoh;
(-4) x 3,

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4 x 3 = 12,
di sini ada tanda (-) dan (+).

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Tanda berlainan;
jawapannya (-).

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Maka (-4) x 3 = (-12).

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Ini logik sebab asasnya,

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(-4) x 3 sama dengan,

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(-4) + (-4) + (-4) = (-12)!

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Anda boleh rujuk dalam video

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"Penambahan & Penolakan Nombor Negatif".

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Jom selesaikan 1 latihan lagi.

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(-2) x (-7) = ?

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Anda boleh hentikan video ini seketika

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untuk cuba selesaikan sendiri

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dan semak jawapannya kemudian.

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2 x 7 = 14,
dan semua nombor sama tanda,

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jadi jawapannya (+14). 
Biasanya tanda (+) tidak ditulis,

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ini cuma untuk pemahaman anda.

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Bagaimana pula dengan
9 x (-5) = ?

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9 x 5 = 45,

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Perhatikan,tandanya berlainan.

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Jadi 9 x (-5) = (-45)

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Seterusnya,
(-6) x (-11) = ?

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6 x 11 = 66,
ada tanda (-)

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dan (-) juga,
jadi jawapannya (+).

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Sekarang,saya nak berikan anda ujian.

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Berapakah jawapan
0 x (-12) = ?

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Anda boleh rujuk pada tanda berlainan di sini,

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tapi sebenarnya,
0 bukan nombor (+) atau (-).

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Apa saja nombor yang didarabkan dengan 0,
jawapannya ialah 0.

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Samada nombor itu (-) atau (+).

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bila darab 0 jawapannya ialah 0.

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Sekarang, mari kita tengok samada

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peraturan yang sama boleh diguna untuk "Pembahagian".

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Contoh:
9 ÷ (-3) = ?

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9 ÷ 3 = 3,

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Nombor-nombor ini berlainan tanda,

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iaitu 9 dan (-3).

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Tanda berlainan jawapannya (-).

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Jadi
9 ÷ (-3) = (-3).

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Bagaimana pula
(-16) ÷ 8 = ?

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Anda tahu 
16 ÷ 8 = 2,

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tetapi lihat tandanya berlainan.

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Maka,
(-16) ÷ 8 = (-2).

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Ingat ya, 
tanda berlainan jawapannya (-).

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Apakah jawapan
(-54) ÷ (-6) = ?

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54 ÷ 6 = 9,

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Kedua-dua "Pembahagi" dan 'yang dibahagi'

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bertanda (-);
(-54) dan (-6),

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maka jawapannya ialah (+).

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Tanda sama jawapannya (+).

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0 ÷ (-1) = 0

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Mudah saja,

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sebab 0 bahagi apa saja nombor
jawapannya 0.

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Mari cuba 1 lagi latihan.

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4 ÷ (-1) = ?

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4 ÷ 1 = 4,
tetapi lihat tandanya berlainan.

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Jadi 
4 ÷ (-1) = (-4).

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Saya harap latihan tadi

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dapat membantu anda.

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Lakukan sebanyak mungkin latihan 
"Pendaraban & Pembahagian Nombor Negatif".

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Klik pada tanda "Hints"

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dan anda boleh rujuk peraturan untuk digunakan.

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Anda mungkin terfikir 
bagaimana peraturan tadi terjadi,

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dan apa sebenarnya maksud pendaraban

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nombor (-) dengan nombor (+).

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Dan pendaraban nombor (-)

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dengan nombor (-) juga.

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Selamat maju jaya!