WEBVTT

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Anything?

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Yes? Okay.

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Fine, then I’m skipping the thank-yous

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so we don’t have to get back to it.
Okay, I was saying that what

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I’m gonna try to talk about in a little while
is my personal vision of free software

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which, therefore, doesn’t try to be
one of those thorough matters

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about why free software may be
interesting to you or so,

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but why it is interesting to me.
It may be similar to what's

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interesting to you too.
And, in the end, if we have a little time

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we can talk a bit about it.
The first slide is almost

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mandatory, lest someone is still
up in the clouds

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and still doesn't know what
free software is.

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I guess there's no need now to
say that, nowadays, free software

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is everywhere, you all know 
you're carrying several millions

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of free software code lines
in your pocket, right?

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Yeah? Does everybody know?
And do you know where they are and so?

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And do you know how to log in and so?
Careful, because if you don't,

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someone does for sure, lest they
are logging in on your cell easily.

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Okay, anyway, this is free software
and we have it everywhere.

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Everytime we're using the Internet,
everytime we're using a cellphone,

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everytime we're using a car,
probably a television.

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you're using a lot of free software.
Maybe you've seen it and it got to you

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as free, but at least, originally,
that software was free.

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When software gets to you as free,
that is its definition, this is not

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Jesus' definition and it's not accepted,
well, a little changed

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so it's easier to understand, but
it's basically the commonly accepted

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definition and for those who've heard
the English term, it's the same one

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as "open source software" or so.

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For Spanish, I tend to use
free software.

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First off, you can use free software
as you please. It may sound silly,

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but you know that exclusive or owner
software cannot always be used as you like

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on devices of your choice. Sometimes,
there are time limitations, sometimes

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you can use it on just one, sometimes
you can just use it for certain things.

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Free software has to able to be used
in any way, if not, it's not free.

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Second, you can redistribute it, copy it,
share it on the Internet,

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give it away to someone or charge
them for it.

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Careful, it's not said you can't charge for it
but you can redistribute it as you please,

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without necessarily being the owner, obviously,
but he can do so as well, for sure.

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Third, and it's one of the things on
which I'll focus today:

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"You can modify it". You can change
it as you please,

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typically to enhance it, many will
worsen it but you can do whatever

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you want with it. You can adapt it...
anything.

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Naturally, to do so, you have to count 
with the necessary technical mecanisms,

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which you know that, in the case of 
compiled languages, for example it's the source code.

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In the case of interpreted languages,
it's an eligible source code,

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because interpreted languages can also
be made hard to edit.

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And, last, you can redistribute the
modifications, which kind of makes it come full circle

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and makes it all work with many mechanisms
that are combined.

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And, obviously, it's said nowhere that free
software has to be free.

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Maybe, in many cases, it gets to us free,
but it's not an essential condition.

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There could be a software which was free
and cost you a million euros to get it.

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So if you're later interested, we'll discuss those 
details but it's not what I wanted to talk about today.

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If you'd like to go deeper, those
two URLs down there

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are the standard definitions.
The first one is by the Free Software Foundation,

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and the second one is by the OSI,
the Open Source Initiative,

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which handles the term 'open source' that,
as I was saying, at least concerning

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all I'm going to talk about today,
is exactly equivalent to free software

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in everything I'm going to discuss.

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Okay, let's cut to the chase.
First, the thing is I'm splitting it

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a bit into two different points of view.
One is the most professional, let's say,

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which is very likely, I think, that I'll
share with many of you.

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Then, it's the personal one and, being personal,
maybe we'll not share it that much.

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The first one focuses on something very basic,
on this thing, the car's engine.

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I'm one of those people who, when their
car stops, go and open up the hood, look at it and close it back

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because I don't know anything about mechanics,
and call someone to come and help.

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But you know there's people, this funny
people who like to oil themselves,

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who go and take a look to what's inside,
start pulling out wires and pieces

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and, sometimes, fix your engine.

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The question is: 
Can mechanics fix a car's engine?

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And why can they do so?

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Then one thinks "sure they can".
You open up the car and touch here and there

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and you can touch anything.
Those of us who are computer technicians,

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or work with stuff linked to computers and
know how to code, can fix programs.

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The question is: can we do it?
We can but not just because we technically

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have the necessary knowledge, but can we
do it because we're allowed

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legally and technically? In other words,
if that Word you hate so much goes corrupt,

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can you fix it? You say 
"you're speaking nonsense,

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how am I going to fix a program?"
There's people who'll even think:

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"Jeez, we spend years in faculties
or schools studying precisely

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how to make and fix programs".
But then it turns out you can't

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because you're not given the programs
with the ways to be able to fix them.

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To begin with, they come in binary,
you don't have the source code.

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But, also, you legally can't.
You know that, legally, that thing

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you see around, the license, 
which we never ever read,

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but you should sometime and you'll
have a blast, you grab a beer,

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start reading, you have a laugh... and
you realize it states things such as you can't change

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the program in any way, even if you paid
for it with your money, even if you're

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daily using it and it has a tiny error you
could fix, because you know how to fix it,

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it's from class 101 if such
thing still exists.

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Note that that means we learn
for doing things

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that later, in the real life, 
we cannot make use of.

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Free software changes that radically,
because in free software,

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as you've seen before, I always need
to be given the technical mechanisms to change a program.

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And as silly as it seems,
professionally it's a whole world.

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It opens not just chances of business, because 
you can make business out of solving problems

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that others have because you know about it,
you have the knowledge.

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Just as a mechanic knows how to fix cars,
and many mechanics make business and

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do it for a living, fixing cars of 
others who don't know how,

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us, the people who know how to code
or know enough about computers,

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to put it somehow, we could, 
at least in theory, fix any program.

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It's just a matter of knowledge and effort.
I mean, any human

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who wants to go for it, has both things.
Knowledge can be acquired,

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and about effort it's up to you
how much you put into it.

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Just as any mechanic, at least theoretically,
can fix any breakdown

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if you give him enough time and enough
engine manuals,

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so should any computer technician be able
to fix any problem

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if he has enough time for it
and the proper manuals or information.

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But, again, in our profession we legally
can't do it in many cases

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and neither technically, but not
because it's hard,

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but because technical mechanisms 
have been placed to prevent us from it.

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They basically don't give us
the source code.

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Note that in the free software world,
that does not happen,

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hence the much bigger possibilities we have.

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And, suddenly, we can do our jobs and

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not just be, to put it somehow, consumers

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or adapters of third-party products,
but we can directly work on it.

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And if you're interested, for example,
in working on on-cloud software

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then you can go and search on the Internet
for free products which are being installed

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on big enterprises, and learn 
how they're made and see their source code

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and install it on your laptop if you please 
or on a thousand computers if you're

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working for a company that has a
thousand computers to install it on.

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And, if any problem occurs, you can fix it
if you think you'd better do so or you

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want to dedicate to it or you're being 
paid for dedicating it the necessary effort.

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And, careful, things are changing a lot.

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We said mechanics can fix cars.

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Nowadays, that's not so clear.
A modern car, of a high range,

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has around 50 or 100 million
code lines.

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To be clear, 50 or 100 million code lines
is serious business.

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The ISS has between 5 and 10 million 
code lines that make

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every system of the ISS work.
Although, on the other hand,

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a slightly modern TV probably has
around 10 million code lines

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without the kernel, because almost
all of them have Linux, which has 5 million by itself.

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Therefore, well, it looks like a lot of lines
but they're really not so many.

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But what it really does mean is that
if I don't have access to the car's software,

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I'll probably won't be able to fix it.
Typical issue: I own a kind of modern car

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and it stops and first thing
I have to do is put it

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in the diagnosis machine from the manufacturer
which connects with the car's software,

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which has made a diagnosis,
to see what's happening to it.

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If I don't have any access to both things,
I can hardly go further.

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because most of things that have anything
to do with the software is not

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working properly in God knows which part:
gasoline is not being pumped how it should,

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it's not slowing down properly or
it shouldn't be doing whatever.

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So, not long from now,
being able to fix our car

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or that a mechanic can fix our car
will have to do with

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how that car's software is,
and it's already happening, as I said

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Until the point where models are starting 
to being planned out where the car

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is not sold to us and, hence is not
even ours, not even the software

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it has is ours, they give us a license of use
for the car.

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As it widely happens with the Teslas,
if anyone's been interested in looking them up.

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So, in fact, funny things start happening,

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like my car did certain things,
I took it to the dealer's for a check,

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I get it back and it does different things
because they changed its software,

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they installed a new release of the software
that now does other things.

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And, suddenly, it turns out the pumping
works differently or, if it's electric,

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the acceleration works differently,
or the locking of the doors

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or any other detail you can think of.
And remember that, at this very moment,

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cars are starting to learn how to make
decisions all by themselves,

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and, at a given time, they'll have
to choose between "I brake and kill the pilot"

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or "I don't brake and kill the guy on the street",
and you're the pilot.

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So think about if knowing how
that software works is of interest to us or not.

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This is not theoretical, there are already
cars which are doing it,

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which are being tested on the streets
of many cities around the world.

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But note how, what was first 
the mechanic's analogy, becomes

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to people who know about computers,
to put it somehow,

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in the reality of future, and that you
can apply it to any device you want.

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So, using or not free software
from a professional point of view

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becomes something fundamental 
and completely basic.

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If I use free software, I can understand
devices, programs, systems

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I'm working with because if I'd like, I can take a look at their source code and, above all,

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I can collaborate with other people who
are interested in the same and we can document it,

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understand it, learn a lot from that code.

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Note that, in many cases,
in computing faculties and schools

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we're asking people to learn how to code
without having seen programs.

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Let's say we asked architects to learn
how to make buildings without

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ever having seen actual buildings.
Not some shack I've built

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in some kind of practice,
but an actual building, as we know them.

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Sure, architects would say:
"That's impossible".

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However, if you think about it,
how many actual programs,

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of those which are known, have you
seen during all the time you've been studying?

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In many classes, they're teaching them
bit by bit and, maybe,

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you've been lucky to be there
but it's not usual.

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The usual thing is that you've
seen the little shacks you build in practices.

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And, with some luck, maybe a more
proper shack

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your teacher gives to you as a model,
and sometimes, not even that.

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And that's what you have with you to learn
how to code, it's very hard.

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But you can read, read the actual
programs. If you're interested in word

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processors, you can take LibreOffice,
three or four millions of code lines,

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you can read them all.
Obviously you won't,

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but you can do a lot with them.
In fact, there are ways to look

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at a complex program and understand it
by looking at its source code if you know how to,

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those are skills which are still not being
taught nowadays but that we should

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probably be teaching.
Anyway, you can really learn

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about our profession.
You can take part, because most

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of this software is developed in communities
where there are lots of people who know

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and who can help you learn,
and it's nowadays one of the most clear

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ways to learn how to really code,
not to learn how to code a for loop,

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but to learn how to really code,
collaborate with people who know.

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To help them, because you help
to improve their software and

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they help you to learn.
And, lastly, reusing.

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Reusing software made by others
but with a good understanding of it,

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not as a black box, which you
see down below and it's probably

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the most interesting part. There are no
black boxes in the world of free software,

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you can check anything out, you
don't have to believe what they tell you,

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you can check it out by yourself. For example,
you don't have to believe whether your phone

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is sending telemetry to Google or not, so they
know right now where you are, you can look

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at the code and see whether it's sending telemetry
or not. And if you don't want it to send it,

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you can disable it, not because there's
a default option, but because you,

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who knows about it, go and change
it in the program and maybe there's someone

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who wants to pay you to do this
kind of stuff.

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And as I said, then there's a more
personal vision, until now the professional

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one, which maybe lots of you share
because, in my opinion,

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it's the only real way to become
a developer,

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if you're interested in working in
computing development it's working with free code,

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there aren't many more options nowadays.

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But the other side is more personal,
more social if you'd like.

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What kind of society are we heading towards?
This is a pretty classic book

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by a man called Lawrence Lessig,
who's one of the people who started

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the Creative Commons project and other stuff.
Actually, he's a lawyer,

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but he has a lot of technical knowledge
and has a very interesting approach,

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let's just say he got to the technical
from the legal world.

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So, he does very interesting analogies and,
for example, he has an analogy

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which I think it's very enlightening,
and it's:

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"The code is law", and he means the code
from computer programs,

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not the civil code.
What does that mean?

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Nowadays, the things we can or cannot do

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are more and more limited by the code
of the programs we use than by the laws.

00:13:20.633 --> 00:13:24.575
Take a moment to think about it. When
you're about to tweet about someone,

00:13:24.609 --> 00:13:27.408
what's limiting you the most nowadays,
with all we may say about

00:13:27.446 --> 00:13:32.436
judges and all, are the filters they may use
on Twitter for deciding if that tweet can be published or not,

00:13:32.595 --> 00:13:34.941
even if they delete your account
because they don't like that tweet.

00:13:35.006 --> 00:13:39.054
In other words, the code of the "program",
I mean, the mechanism we use

00:13:39.089 --> 00:13:43.656
to express ourselves limits us more than the
legislation we have in a country such as Spain.

00:13:43.689 --> 00:13:48.936
If you're about to do something to your TV
that maybe you'd like to but,

00:13:49.022 --> 00:13:52.343
perhaps, you can't because, legally,
it's not allowed, what's probably

00:13:52.378 --> 00:13:54.784
going to stop you from it
is your TV's code.

00:13:54.947 --> 00:14:00.229
For example, think about what happens
when you try to watch a show that is not allowed

00:14:00.341 --> 00:14:04.891
to watch in Spain. Maybe, legally, it is,
but the producer of that show

00:14:04.891 --> 00:14:07.591
won't let you watch it. There are filters
on the Internet that check the IP address,

00:14:07.662 --> 00:14:11.359
that see you're connected from Spain and
won't let you get access

00:14:11.359 --> 00:14:14.909
to that series, for example, that you
like so much. Even if you're willing to pay,

00:14:14.980 --> 00:14:18.423
but there're no distribution rights for Spain,
or it has no commercial interests in Spain

00:14:18.496 --> 00:14:21.884
or something else. It's not the legislation
what's limiting you, maybe it is too,

00:14:22.019 --> 00:14:25.451
but it's not relevant in this case,
because the very code is limiting you.

00:14:25.576 --> 00:14:29.343
You can find examples over and over,
and as our lives are

00:14:29.497 --> 00:14:34.139
more and more measured by technology,
more often what allows us to make

00:14:34.170 --> 00:14:38.087
technology is what's really limiting us.
But there's a fundamental difference

00:14:38.201 --> 00:14:42.556
between technology and the law,
and it's that the law, at least theoretically

00:14:42.578 --> 00:14:45.811
in democratic societies, is made by all of us,
and we have mechanisms

00:14:45.904 --> 00:14:48.629
that may work better or worse,
but are at least designed

00:14:48.696 --> 00:14:52.427
for us to take part in how those laws are,
but not in technology.

00:14:52.571 --> 00:14:56.163
You have a program that does certain things,
and, for example, one may think:

00:14:56.293 --> 00:15:01.166
"Why is there on Facebook a thumb-up button
and not a thumb-down to state something's crap?"

00:15:01.321 --> 00:15:04.091
And one may say "oh, that could come in handy,
it would be really nice".

00:15:04.134 --> 00:15:07.365
In fact, if you think about it,
when one is on a social network,

00:15:07.406 --> 00:15:10.350
you have ways to upload content
and ways to download it,

00:15:10.480 --> 00:15:13.982
I mean, to say "this content is not worthy at all".
The kind of content that everyone

00:15:14.010 --> 00:15:17.695
ends up watching is different, because
you just can't, or maybe you can,

00:15:17.734 --> 00:15:22.166
say "I don't like this". But that's a decision
somebody made somewhere

00:15:22.242 --> 00:15:25.823
and you didn't take part in it and,
however, it's shaping the way

00:15:25.856 --> 00:15:29.754
you're communicating.
If someone would like to read the book,

00:15:29.839 --> 00:15:33.983
you'll see many examples of how on
many things that, at first, you didn't realize,

00:15:34.142 --> 00:15:37.279
the fundamental decision by which
you can do things or not

00:15:37.354 --> 00:15:41.749
has not been made by you, it's been made
at some enterprise which is making

00:15:41.885 --> 00:15:44.594
software you're using to make it,
even indirectly.

00:15:44.646 --> 00:15:48.086
And remember, once more, that software
is more and more around us.

00:15:48.086 --> 00:15:51.283
Software will be in cars, for examples,
as I said before, making decisions

00:15:51.446 --> 00:15:55.822
like "in a critic situation, I'm killing the driver
or I'm killing the guy crossing the street".

00:15:55.856 --> 00:15:59.255
And that's what's it's going to be,
and those decisions will probably be

00:15:59.375 --> 00:16:04.629
made by someone, somewhere,
maybe not with your consent.

00:16:04.898 --> 00:16:09.294
So, deep down, the thing is that
we're heading more and more towards a society

00:16:09.334 --> 00:16:11.797
where the one who's in control
of the code, is in control of everything.

00:16:12.139 --> 00:16:17.661
For those who like sci-fi novels,
read plenty of Cory Doctorow, for example,

00:16:17.721 --> 00:16:23.302
where he precisely talks about scenarios where,
in different ways, there are people controlling code

00:16:23.339 --> 00:16:25.992
that, in the end, is completely influencing
in everybody's lives,

00:16:26.130 --> 00:16:29.505
achieving from political changes to
someone being chased by everyone.

00:16:29.546 --> 00:16:31.586
There are movies about it, too,
which you'll have seen.

00:16:31.664 --> 00:16:36.820
Many people thinks "that's sci-fi".
It's reality, and to my generation is still

00:16:36.856 --> 00:16:39.902
half sci-fi. To yours is full reality,
you'll be living in that world.

00:16:40.006 --> 00:16:43.786
In a world where the one who's in control
of the code will be in control of much more, probably,

00:16:43.865 --> 00:16:48.925
than who's in control of the Parliament.
Unless we socially do things

00:16:48.925 --> 00:16:52.401
against it, I mean, for example, that
the Parliament takes care that those things

00:16:52.538 --> 00:16:55.720
can't be done or they'll be done
with control by all society.

00:16:55.752 --> 00:16:58.683
So, all of a sudden, there free software
starts playing a role,

00:16:58.735 --> 00:17:02.042
because, to begin with, if you don't know
what software that's doing those things looks like,

00:17:02.131 --> 00:17:05.986
you don't even know what you're
exactly doing. As I was saying before,

00:17:05.986 --> 00:17:11.094
if we had to see here how many of you,
someone in a building

00:17:11.179 --> 00:17:16.792
in Silicon Valley knows where you are
sitting now... it's probably impossible to know,

00:17:16.792 --> 00:17:20.885
because you have several millions of lines
in you phones that perhaps are

00:17:20.885 --> 00:17:24.506
sending a detailed telemetry signposting.
In fact, maybe one of them

00:17:24.506 --> 00:17:28.358
is streaming this talk live to someone
over there who's very interested

00:17:28.358 --> 00:17:31.222
and it's applauding us right now.
There's no way for us to know.

00:17:31.363 --> 00:17:34.120
Or, to be precise, it would be very hard.
We'd have to do a black box analysis,

00:17:34.120 --> 00:17:36.790
check if any phone around here is sending
a bunch of signals,

00:17:36.790 --> 00:17:41.342
perhaps ciphered, check if it follows a certain 
pattern to see if that's what's being recorded in here.

00:17:41.342 --> 00:17:45.386
But there's no easy way to know because you 
don't have any access to the source code of your own phone.

00:17:45.473 --> 00:17:51.317
Again, as this happens more and more,
look how far things can go.

00:17:51.457 --> 00:17:54.801
So, to sum it up a little,
free software is a mechanism

00:17:54.866 --> 00:17:57.722
which helps us in this scenario,
it helps us much more than it may seem

00:17:57.809 --> 00:18:02.134
because very basic things like, for example,
if I could remake all the software

00:18:02.298 --> 00:18:06.947
of my phone from scratch and install it
again, I could feel reasonably safe

00:18:06.978 --> 00:18:10.226
about what my phone does, and you
could have business based off of it.

00:18:10.251 --> 00:18:12.685
And there are people who does.
Remember there are Android versions

00:18:12.734 --> 00:18:16.347
which are free, there are companies that
are in charge of going through all the code of Android,

00:18:16.347 --> 00:18:20.448
certifying it for you and generate versions
from it that are theoretically clean.

00:18:20.500 --> 00:18:23.662
And you can install that on phones or
buy phones that have it installed.

00:18:23.662 --> 00:18:27.127
But you could do it if you wanted to,
a coordinated group of persons could do it

00:18:27.137 --> 00:18:30.687
if they cared, but you can extend that
to any other aspects of life,

00:18:30.709 --> 00:18:35.732
but you need the possibility to access to 
the code and to be able to modify it, redistribute it...

00:18:35.732 --> 00:18:39.391
In other words, you need free code.
Note that free code,

00:18:39.391 --> 00:18:44.335
free software, is not the only requirement 
to be able to do this. There are others.

00:18:44.335 --> 00:18:48.074
But without that, you can't do anything.
Because of that, my point of view goes like:

00:18:48.104 --> 00:18:51.573
"We need free software to be 
an integral part of this

00:18:51.638 --> 00:18:55.204
so called by people 'the society of information' ".
It really is our daily life.

00:18:55.232 --> 00:18:58.943
And we need that whoever that wants to,
is able to at least handle it.

00:18:58.943 --> 00:19:02.054
There'll be people who don't care about
all this, but there'll be others who may want to handle it,

00:19:02.147 --> 00:19:06.086
and it's necessary that that person has
access to that code to do so.

00:19:06.086 --> 00:19:10.456
That's why I said, from my personal point of view,
that free code is much more important,

00:19:10.456 --> 00:19:13.535
or will be, in the next years, socially,

00:19:13.568 --> 00:19:17.236
than it's ever been before in the whole history 
of free software, with its 40 years by now.

00:19:17.320 --> 00:19:22.817
And in the end, anyway, as I said,
all of this is just a personal point of view.

00:19:22.870 --> 00:19:26.662
What's important is what it means to you.
If all goes well, we'll later have some time

00:19:26.662 --> 00:19:30.413
to talk about it. If it's okay, as English people
say, let it soak in

00:19:30.413 --> 00:19:33.845
and see if someone really thinks
some of these things are worrying

00:19:33.880 --> 00:19:36.162
and thinks free software could or could
not help

00:19:36.204 --> 00:19:38.023
or this is all just irrelevant.

00:19:38.162 --> 00:19:39.750
Thanks very much to you all.

00:21:22.983 --> 00:21:26.034
Well, while I look how
and where to plug this,

00:21:26.034 --> 00:21:28.390
I'm skipping the greetings
and thank-yous parts.

00:21:28.403 --> 00:21:30.018
Thank you all for coming.

00:21:30.462 --> 00:21:35.037
So many people...
and I feel shy about this kind of stuff,

00:21:35.124 --> 00:21:39.099
and feel overwhelmed when seeing that many 
people... thank you very much, especially for inviting me,

00:21:39.151 --> 00:21:42.705
for bringing me here and because I've been told
they're buying me lunch later, so...

00:21:42.876 --> 00:21:44.275
I've got all I need.

00:21:49.937 --> 00:21:54.004
Okay, I've come to talk a little
about free software and its demons.

00:21:54.004 --> 00:21:58.901
To begin with, I gotta say that the
title of this talk has been infamously taken

00:21:59.057 --> 00:22:05.314
from a book by Sagan, I don't know if you've
heard of it, "The Demon-Haunted World".

00:22:05.403 --> 00:22:11.550
And Sagan, in this book, intends to talk about 
the things he considers menacing to the world

00:22:11.550 --> 00:22:15.995
in the future. I'm talking a bit about the
little things that are menacing to free software

00:22:16.092 --> 00:22:19.093
in the future.
Okay, to begin with,

00:22:19.093 --> 00:22:22.993
this guy is me, looking better
there because I'm less visible.

00:22:23.843 --> 00:22:24.911
Eh..

00:22:25.695 --> 00:22:26.734
My name is Pablo Hinojosa.

00:22:26.983 --> 00:22:28.879
Although I usually use the name
"psycobyte".

00:22:30.687 --> 00:22:32.328
because I’m a kind of funny guy.

00:22:33.605 --> 00:22:36.919
This is my blog where I write some nonsense.

00:22:37.808 --> 00:22:40.201
This is my twitter where I write some shorter nonsense.

00:22:42.425 --> 00:22:45.421
This.. well, my github account, 
where I give proof of my disability of programing.

00:22:46.161 --> 00:22:48.815
And this is the free software’s office and his blog where i work.

00:22:49.144 --> 00:22:49.972
¿All right?

00:22:50.197 --> 00:22:51.354
The free software’s office is called Granada.

00:22:52.423 --> 00:22:56.033
Eh.. it’s a place where there are a lot of people 
who work and try to promote free software

00:22:56.033 --> 00:22:56.860
inside of Granada’s,

00:22:57.201 --> 00:23:00.483
to try that people use free software, 
help to people free theirs things,

00:23:00.483 --> 00:23:03.101
and we all say:
"Dude, please free this, really, it’s very cool".

00:23:03.420 --> 00:23:03.759
etc.

00:23:04.004 --> 00:23:06.244
Even though it doesn’t cool we say:
"Yeah man, it’s really cool, do it”.

00:23:06.921 --> 00:23:07.707
Em..

00:23:08.317 --> 00:23:12.100
The fact is that the most interesting is that 
have contact with... what we call "community".

00:23:12.615 --> 00:23:15.806
Although, it would really is best 
communities of free software. yes?

00:23:16.190 --> 00:23:18.309
EH... let's just say the contact out here.

00:23:19.221 --> 00:23:20.647
I found all kinds of people.

00:23:22.660 --> 00:23:23.140
Good.

00:23:24.331 --> 00:23:24.970
Let’s see a little..

00:23:25.264 --> 00:23:27.905
Free software faces, in the near future,

00:23:28.104 --> 00:23:28.354
Already.

00:23:28.575 --> 00:23:29.425
In fact, it’s facing now.

00:23:29.577 --> 00:23:32.412
It faces to a lot of huge demons, 
of large problems.

00:23:33.202 --> 00:23:37.872
They are going to face to... above all, the 
intellectual property legislation,

00:23:38.513 --> 00:23:42.441
There are people trying to impose legislations
that can be very harmful to free software,

00:23:42.855 --> 00:23:44.161
patents... that sort of things.

00:23:45.243 --> 00:23:48.303
It faces to the DRM, that sort of things.

00:23:48.515 --> 00:23:49.543
We can see them alter, more calmly.

00:23:50.016 --> 00:23:55.734
It faces to things like, well, 
the software as service or the cloud,

00:23:56.118 --> 00:23:59.640
they are problems for free software 
because they force it to reconsider itself.

00:23:59.649 --> 00:24:03.132
and to face to new perspectives, 
to new ways of seeing the software.

00:24:04.070 --> 00:24:05.379
Eh.. but I haven't come here to talk about that.

00:24:06.088 --> 00:24:07.473
I'm going to talk about the little demons.

00:24:07.628 --> 00:24:10.439
Eh.. the small problems that software free have,

00:24:10.733 --> 00:24:11.535
Now and everyday.

00:24:11.889 --> 00:24:13.448
The small mistakes of conception,

00:24:14.228 --> 00:24:16.458
and the small confusions we have 
with free software.

00:24:19.810 --> 00:24:22.029
I start with that free software is very cool.

00:24:22.790 --> 00:24:24.760
Now I'm going to say problems, 
I’m gonna say bad things and say:

00:24:24.760 --> 00:24:26.190
"Dude! wht’s up? Are you against..?"

00:24:26.190 --> 00:24:29.320
No, free software is very cool,
but it has its imperfections as all things.

00:24:29.360 --> 00:24:31.710
And we have our problems and we will see some of them.

00:24:33.642 --> 00:24:36.454
To start, I want to see it from the point of view of 
"the newcomer"

00:24:36.897 --> 00:24:39.189
The newcomer is the person who is knowing the free software.

00:24:39.738 --> 00:24:43.143
And he has not very clear what is it or what is not that.

00:24:43.474 --> 00:24:46.969
Here I was told that everyone has more or less clear 
what is the free software, isn’t it?

00:24:48.553 --> 00:24:50.884
Those who don't know what it is free software, 
raise your hand.

00:24:51.914 --> 00:24:52.444
Good.

00:24:53.914 --> 00:24:56.321
In addition, Jesús has mentioned the four freedoms before.

00:24:56.326 --> 00:24:57.886
So, I save to mention that. 
Is wonderful.

00:24:58.026 --> 00:25:00.242
People say to me: "Dude, you're a tiresome, 
your are again with the four freedoms".

00:25:00.803 --> 00:25:01.553
Good.
I save to mention that.

00:25:04.030 --> 00:25:08.479
But, reaches many people to the world of the free software, 
and we face, often, to the first demon.

00:25:09.284 --> 00:25:10.839
The first demon of the free software is this:

00:25:11.346 --> 00:25:12.164
"This is free".

00:25:13.517 --> 00:25:15.236
We always say. 
Free software office we say:

00:25:15.455 --> 00:25:20.035
“No, free software is like the sun when it rises, 
not like free bar”.

00:25:21.340 --> 00:25:27.025
Even so, always, always there are people that say: 
"Hello, I came to see if you can install a free windows for me"

00:25:28.374 --> 00:25:29.830
You have not understood what is "free", haven’t you?

00:25:30.110 --> 00:25:30.606
That is to say.

00:25:31.327 --> 00:25:33.256
Of course he has not understood. 
In fact, he doesn’t have why to understanding.

00:25:33.413 --> 00:25:36.393
People don’t have why to know this, 
It doesn't appear just like, it doesn’t come an angel and he shows you

00:25:36.393 --> 00:25:37.648
and he says: 
“dude, free software is this "

00:25:37.978 --> 00:25:38.929
Don’t, we must to explain them.

00:25:39.613 --> 00:25:43.809
Certainly is difficult to explain, above all, because, 
also, we..from the point of view of the free software,

00:25:44.198 --> 00:25:45.950
we use free as a low.

00:25:46.270 --> 00:25:49.417
When we say: 
"dude, you have to put a free software in your collegue"

00:25:49.719 --> 00:25:51.171
or
"you have to put a free software in your business"

00:25:52.144 --> 00:25:55.310
Those kind of weapons, we often use. 
is saying: "It’s just free".

00:25:56.010 --> 00:25:58.353
It is not really free, actually it costs money.

00:25:58.562 --> 00:25:59.212
We have to do it.

00:25:59.357 --> 00:26:00.756
We have to pay people because programmers eat.

00:26:00.902 --> 00:26:03.277
Dude… I mean, fuck, 
they need to pay also those children’s schools.

00:26:04.696 --> 00:26:07.220
And yet, by that reaches people saying "install me a free windows"

00:26:07.400 --> 00:26:08.575
or better, 
reaches people saying:

00:26:08.725 --> 00:26:11.497
"It’s just I have a project, a very good idea, 
and I need to people program codes for me".

00:26:12.961 --> 00:26:14.347
Okay, 
those people who program codes, eat.

00:26:16.864 --> 00:26:19.064
People expect that we program things for them just for the sake of it.

00:26:20.565 --> 00:26:23.404
Actually, in fact, 
We usually do free things.

00:26:23.804 --> 00:26:27.784
We work voluntarily a lot of hours at day, 
we do a lot of projects and things.

00:26:29.371 --> 00:26:31.325
But that doesn't mean 
that we are a free workers.

00:26:31.394 --> 00:26:31.912
¿All right?

00:26:33.866 --> 00:26:37.169
The next most important thing and it was mentioned by Javier, 
and it’s very important.

00:26:37.700 --> 00:26:39.310
This is a mere technique question.

00:26:40.083 --> 00:26:40.451
No.

00:26:40.795 --> 00:26:43.965
In fact, if you look the first sentence I wrote, 
in the phrase of Lessin.

00:26:44.102 --> 00:26:45.032
"The Code is Law"

00:26:45.721 --> 00:26:46.601
This is very important.

00:26:47.964 --> 00:26:52.382
From DRMs, the managements of digital rights and so, 
they are software applied.

00:26:52.626 --> 00:26:55.456
But it’s an ideology implemented into software.

00:26:55.565 --> 00:26:59.187
There are several ideas, political ideas or ideas of 
how things should be done,

00:26:59.187 --> 00:27:01.039
that they are implemented into software.

00:27:01.039 --> 00:27:01.618
¿All right?

00:27:01.618 --> 00:27:02.219
In code.

00:27:03.939 --> 00:27:04.551
The Bitcoin

00:27:04.984 --> 00:27:08.835
[He comments about a mistake...]

00:27:09.742 --> 00:27:15.794
The Bitcoin, the virtual coin, is a technique implementation of 
an ideology very concrete.

00:27:15.982 --> 00:27:16.555
¿All right?

00:27:16.679 --> 00:27:20.759
People who have done the Bitcoin they was thinking 
some way to manage resources,

00:27:20.809 --> 00:27:23.483
and some way to manage richment wealth very very very concrete.

00:27:23.676 --> 00:27:24.397
¿All right?

00:27:25.048 --> 00:27:25.958
Open Data etc.

00:27:26.347 --> 00:27:29.591
When we, in the office of free software, for example we say that...

00:27:31.067 --> 00:27:36.176
We decided to do...
we started to do the portal of information ***

00:27:36.801 --> 00:27:39.682
We decided that we were going to do about a portal of open data.

00:27:40.895 --> 00:27:44.280
Of course, and you are thinking that is something logic.
If you want transparency you should free the datas.

00:27:44.384 --> 00:27:46.554
Fine, is logical, but it doesn’t the only way of do it.

00:27:46.639 --> 00:27:47.723
And there are many who do so.

00:27:47.879 --> 00:27:49.070
The do in a very different way.

00:27:50.942 --> 00:27:54.829
There is an ideology there. 
There is an approach of how things should be.

00:27:55.549 --> 00:27:57.128
This is very very very important.

00:27:57.563 --> 00:27:58.701
Not is a mere technical problem.

00:27:58.984 --> 00:27:59.528
¿All right?

00:27:59.736 --> 00:28:04.314
Free software is ethic, 
free software is philosophy, 
free software is politic.

00:28:04.559 --> 00:28:05.163
¿All right?

00:28:07.645 --> 00:28:08.967
But, I step to the next because...

00:28:09.136 --> 00:28:12.076
It is logical that people coming out of the 
world of free software,

00:28:12.076 --> 00:28:13.957
they aren’t sure what is free software.

00:28:13.957 --> 00:28:15.199
That is not actually a problem.

00:28:15.199 --> 00:28:17.029
That is to say, it is the reality. 
Is that just so.

00:28:19.029 --> 00:28:20.191
From the point of view of who releases.

00:28:20.407 --> 00:28:22.426
That is, when people say: "dude, I want to release something"

00:28:22.426 --> 00:28:25.117
Or when I say to someone: "man, release this". 
Or whatever, yes?

00:28:26.793 --> 00:28:27.219
Ok.

00:28:27.409 --> 00:28:29.565
The daemon: 
"It doesn’t ready for release yet".

00:28:30.989 --> 00:28:31.444
It fails.

00:28:31.510 --> 00:28:32.748
That is, dude release that.

00:28:32.821 --> 00:28:33.335
"Pff... "

00:28:35.299 --> 00:28:38.391
"Man pfff... is that I can’t, 
is that you'll see, the code is very dirty".

00:28:38.532 --> 00:28:42.054
It's that man, I have to debug it first. 
I'm going to put it, is that it is poorly indented. It's just..

00:28:42.924 --> 00:28:43.493
No.

00:28:44.179 --> 00:28:47.335
“No, but is that I have that check that it’s good because 
I have shame to show it so”.

00:28:47.704 --> 00:28:50.769
"It is not commented, 
is that I have to split it into modules, is that..."

00:28:51.121 --> 00:28:51.766
No.

00:28:51.769 --> 00:28:52.451
Let’s see.

00:28:52.576 --> 00:28:55.669
The right moment to release the code is already.

00:28:57.074 --> 00:28:58.081
Already implies already.

00:28:58.373 --> 00:28:59.418
He says: "But is that I still haven’t written code"

00:28:59.418 --> 00:29:00.907
Fine, you can start releasing.

00:29:00.907 --> 00:29:02.504
First thing is a license and then we can talk.

00:29:03.214 --> 00:29:06.709
The ideal moment to release code 
always, always is already.

00:29:06.848 --> 00:29:08.639
It is never tomorrow, 
it is never within a minute.

00:29:08.751 --> 00:29:09.529
It’s already.

00:29:09.627 --> 00:29:10.188
¿All right?

00:29:10.209 --> 00:29:11.700
While you do it go releasing.

00:29:11.848 --> 00:29:13.137
You will have all the advantages.

00:29:13.204 --> 00:29:14.958
It will be the right way to do it.

00:29:15.670 --> 00:29:19.081
And it'll be the way more efficient, more comfortable, 
easier and less traumatic.

00:29:19.808 --> 00:29:20.390
¿All right?

00:29:21.244 --> 00:29:23.203
Well, this is continuous, systematic.

00:29:24.628 --> 00:29:26.368
Next.
The demon of:

00:29:26.368 --> 00:29:27.778
"I don’t need a license".

00:29:28.374 --> 00:29:30.951
I don’t need a license because: 
"Agg, is that of a license is very seriously".

00:29:31.772 --> 00:29:34.134
"Ah, it doesn’t have license?" "I upload it on Internet 
and people will copy it".

00:29:34.681 --> 00:29:35.272
No.

00:29:36.309 --> 00:29:38.147
If you...
Let’s see, Law says:

00:29:38.147 --> 00:29:41.771
If you don’t say explicitly: 
"Hey, I share this so you can use it".

00:29:42.407 --> 00:29:45.422
That’s same to say:
This has all the rights reserved.

00:29:45.625 --> 00:29:46.246
¿All right?

00:29:46.715 --> 00:29:49.197
If you don’t put license expressly.

00:29:49.197 --> 00:29:51.122
At the end a license is a text 
Where you are saying:

00:29:51.122 --> 00:29:52.821
"Hey, I let you to do something with this”.

00:29:53.347 --> 00:29:56.674
If you don’t put a license that allows people do that, 
you are not releasing.

00:29:57.231 --> 00:29:58.189
Even though you think you do.

00:29:58.218 --> 00:30:02.386
Because I try to use that code for my own work, 
make a development, make a fork.

00:30:02.386 --> 00:30:03.360
To do something like that.

00:30:03.476 --> 00:30:06.931
And I say: “Oh shit, it has no license, 
now I cannot use because...

00:30:06.931 --> 00:30:08.809
and if tomorrow I have with a lawyer, what? "
What do I do?”

00:30:08.934 --> 00:30:09.633
I mean, I cannot.

00:30:09.633 --> 00:30:10.665
I have my hands tied.
All right?

00:30:10.740 --> 00:30:11.829
It’s a danger, it’s risk to me.

00:30:12.793 --> 00:30:15.818
So that, if you don’t put license to your code, 
you are not releasing.

00:30:16.058 --> 00:30:17.306
Put them license!.
Cm’on.

00:30:21.596 --> 00:30:23.495
And now..***

00:30:23.620 --> 00:30:26.566
I'm trying to be very fast, very summarized. 
There are much more things, well.

00:30:26.566 --> 00:30:28.163
And now the most interesting part:

00:30:28.753 --> 00:30:29.193
The bad habits.

00:30:29.269 --> 00:30:30.516
The bad things that we have in the community.

00:30:30.737 --> 00:30:32.105
Or rather, in the communities.

00:30:32.455 --> 00:30:35.238
We have many bad.. 
and we have a few demons enough crappy.

00:30:37.254 --> 00:30:38.428
The first one is the "purity".

00:30:39.218 --> 00:30:42.968
The demon of purity is horrible. 
We have a lot of people who are really infamous.

00:30:43.649 --> 00:30:46.566
Eh.. or we are infamous. 
Perhaps I should say so.

00:30:46.798 --> 00:30:49.543
It is: "dude, I am more free than you".

00:30:50.510 --> 00:30:51.250
Yeahh..

00:30:51.317 --> 00:30:55.462
"How can use...? I don’t know... sorry".

00:30:55.462 --> 00:30:56.342
"How can you use Windows?"

00:30:57.011 --> 00:30:59.073
"This way you think you make free software 
on Windows?".

00:30:59.073 --> 00:31:00.704
"For God's sake: how do you do it?".

00:31:00.705 --> 00:31:02.034
"It cannot be, it’s not free enough".

00:31:02.034 --> 00:31:03.395
" Impure, get out of here! "

00:31:03.561 --> 00:31:04.142
No.

00:31:04.769 --> 00:31:06.331
I mean it. No.
It’s a complete mistake.

00:31:06.407 --> 00:31:10.865
The fact that you use free software does not make you purer, 
more suitable, more wonderful, better person

00:31:11.144 --> 00:31:11.505
No.

00:31:12.131 --> 00:31:15.023
The fact that you use free software makes you a guy more fortunate.

00:31:15.615 --> 00:31:16.245
All right?

00:31:16.659 --> 00:31:18.019
It make you more lucky.

00:31:18.262 --> 00:31:18.813
Why?

00:31:18.909 --> 00:31:22.223
Because you have the control of the code, 
of the software that you are using, etc.

00:31:24.209 --> 00:31:26.739
But it doesn’t make you a better person in any case.

00:31:28.069 --> 00:31:31.818
However, there is a certain attitude, often, 
within the community of the software free or

00:31:31.818 --> 00:31:32.750
Communities of free software .

00:31:33.004 --> 00:31:38.258
Of that, of lashing those who don’t use free software, 
or those who use a free software a little less,

00:31:38.258 --> 00:31:42.061
Or to those who use repositories as Unity of Debian.

00:31:42.650 --> 00:31:43.832
I mean, that kind of things

00:31:44.315 --> 00:31:45.006
All right?

00:31:46.680 --> 00:31:50.682
And this is a horrible demon, 
because the truth turns us into guys enough assholes.

00:31:50.799 --> 00:31:52.250
I didn’t come to speak about that, but well.

00:31:54.567 --> 00:31:55.520
The "obstacles of entry".

00:31:55.684 --> 00:31:58.906
This is very important, it has a bit of relation 
with the previous thing and it has a bit of relation

00:31:58.906 --> 00:31:59.859
with next thing I’m going to say:

00:32:00.969 --> 00:32:02.773
Sometimes it’s not easy to get in a project.

00:32:03.086 --> 00:32:05.471
You have a project. 
Normally in the small projects you do something,

00:32:05.471 --> 00:32:08.198
and you have your project, you do your things. 
You are wishing that people come to participate.

00:32:08.198 --> 00:32:09.830
"Come guys, lend me a hand".

00:32:09.830 --> 00:32:12.246
And someone send you an email: 
"Eh! I made a patch for your thing" and so.

00:32:12.246 --> 00:32:14.184
And you see it and you say: 
"Oah! Yo, they sent me a patch,

00:32:14.184 --> 00:32:16.060
how cool!, 
I’m happy, finally"

00:32:16.244 --> 00:32:19.580
And he answers to the guy: "hey thank you very much for the patch, 
look I‘m going to apply it..."

00:32:19.580 --> 00:32:22.335
or “I have applied it, look I’ve put here 
and I've put your name here and so…”

00:32:22.335 --> 00:32:23.782
That’s for small projects.

00:32:23.794 --> 00:32:27.375
When a project starts to get bigger... 
course there comes a time when you cannot manage it

00:32:27.375 --> 00:32:31.854
to receive 15 patches daily, to check that 
patches are OK, that they work and so...

00:32:32.008 --> 00:32:36.684
And you have to invent a system to manage 
how is that handles

00:32:36.759 --> 00:32:44.248
Some important communities have made those systems, 
mounted, etc, to manage this kind of things.

00:32:45.385 --> 00:32:49.134
Others have it worse managed, others don’t have any 
and they do it on their own.

00:32:49.456 --> 00:32:57.130
And everywhere there are usually kind of guys a little... 
complicated that make hard to solve that task.

00:32:57.420 --> 00:33:00.821
The typical thing: 
"I would like to make such such..."

00:33:00.821 --> 00:33:02.182
"-Then search it in google, dude".

00:33:02.182 --> 00:33:04.003
That happens, I mean , you don’t solve anything saying to the guy 
To search it in google.

00:33:04.003 --> 00:33:06.694
You are not helping him. 
He already knew that he had to search it in google.

00:33:06.694 --> 00:33:09.581
And if he has not done it is because he has not been able to
Or it has not occurred to him, or whatever.

00:33:10.466 --> 00:33:13.471
Or "is that this forum is not for that, 
You had to post it to another forum".

00:33:14.789 --> 00:33:15.864
What other type of forum?

00:33:16.149 --> 00:33:17.015
That kind of things.

00:33:17.164 --> 00:33:20.245
We often encounter obstacles to enter 
in projects.

00:33:21.506 --> 00:33:25.382
I insist, the projects more important, bigger 
they already have people dedicated to them

00:33:25.382 --> 00:33:29.045
to manage that kind of things 
and to facilitate that kind of things.

00:33:29.362 --> 00:33:32.436
But we often find with projects 
that people don’t do it, and it’s very complicated.

00:33:33.408 --> 00:33:37.415
We put them obstacles and we stop people 
who might have contributed something to our project,

00:33:37.415 --> 00:33:39.959
at the end they just get tired and aren’t into contribute us anymore.

00:33:40.664 --> 00:33:43.305
And this has a very important relation 
with what I was saying in the following point:

00:33:43.492 --> 00:33:44.490
The "assholes".

00:33:44.944 --> 00:33:48.669
I have been thinking for ways to say it 
more diplomatic, more so...

00:33:48.669 --> 00:33:50.374
How would say this... people who has soso...

00:33:50.374 --> 00:33:51.873
But at the end it comes into my mind... assholes.

00:33:52.855 --> 00:33:55.900
They are many in the free software, sorry. 
I don’t know if more than other projects.

00:33:55.900 --> 00:33:57.430
I don’t know if more than another software.

00:33:57.430 --> 00:34:01.746
But there are people, that we say, 
they have a little complicated social life.

00:34:02.666 --> 00:34:08.639
I'm not going to mention any of the great gurus 
of free software, but without mentioning any

00:34:09.330 --> 00:34:13.485
I’m going to mention something very important and.. 
We have people that we know they are assholes,

00:34:14.373 --> 00:34:17.650
We know that they have a complicated character, 
that it’s difficult to work with them,

00:34:17.650 --> 00:34:20.469
that they have managed to get people out from their projects 
because they didn’t bear them.

00:34:20.469 --> 00:34:21.176
All right?

00:34:21.873 --> 00:34:23.745
But what’s up?
As he’s a great guy,

00:34:23.745 --> 00:34:28.922
as he’s a very good guy, who code program very good, 
even so we can bear him and we don’t say him:

00:34:28.922 --> 00:34:30.291
"Dude, you’re an asshole".

00:34:31.431 --> 00:34:36.137
Eh.. of course this is a problem because, again, 
that’s why I said that it related to what we saw before,

00:34:36.137 --> 00:34:39.998
we create obstacles to people to enter, again,
we create difficulties to them.

00:34:39.998 --> 00:34:42.217
And that’s not what we want. 
We want people are able to contribute,

00:34:42.217 --> 00:34:43.277
We want people work.

00:34:44.007 --> 00:34:48.870
That a guy is a great programmer, 
is a super guy and programs fantastically

00:34:48.870 --> 00:34:53.529
it doesn’t mean that we have to bear your bullshit.

00:34:53.755 --> 00:34:54.466
All right?

00:34:54.722 --> 00:34:56.042
Or that should be allowed.

00:34:56.070 --> 00:34:56.739
Very good.

00:34:57.569 --> 00:35:00.370
And notice a thing. 
I have been saying it all the time,

00:35:01.289 --> 00:35:04.225
Since I've started to speak, 
in all the time I've been here.

00:35:04.920 --> 00:35:06.281
Perhaps someone has thought that it was strange.

00:35:06.819 --> 00:35:08.064
[a technic comment]

00:35:08.400 --> 00:35:12.992
I have been saying all the time: "A programmer
"A guy" and I have spoken in masculine.

00:35:13.612 --> 00:35:18.247
Because in fact, 
first, because there are many more men in proportion.

00:35:18.247 --> 00:35:23.439
And secondly, because we have a serious problem 
of sexism in the communities of free software.

00:35:23.986 --> 00:35:30.977
In fact,it’s a problem most of software in general, 
but is applied as a minimum, equally, to free software.

00:35:33.575 --> 00:35:39.025
I talk especially of things as I'm saying now. 
Say: "a guy", "a man", "a such..."

00:35:39.481 --> 00:35:42.359
There are women programmers, there are many women programmers 
Who are great doing very great things,

00:35:42.359 --> 00:35:43.780
they are partners who are very marvelous.

00:35:45.275 --> 00:35:47.826
But mostly I talk of things of put 
in my slides.

00:35:48.435 --> 00:35:52.726
I ‘ve seen many times, practically, 
in any Congress about software that I usually assist.

00:35:52.726 --> 00:35:55.725
And specifically I usually go to congresses of free software , 
and not another type of Congress.

00:35:56.305 --> 00:36:01.494
I find with that someone has showed as symbol, 
Idk.. to represent a award,

00:36:01.594 --> 00:36:02.854
to show a girl in a bikini...

00:36:03.345 --> 00:36:07.874
Dude!, I mean, but I no longer say that you're not sexist
or you’re so...

00:36:07.874 --> 00:36:10.134
It not looks like any sense.
For God’s sake.

00:36:10.392 --> 00:36:11.744
And that happen to us very often.

00:36:14.267 --> 00:36:17.092
It’s not a serious problem. 
Serious... I mean as you look at it,

00:36:17.092 --> 00:36:19.471
It’s not a serious problem as for example 
sectors of construction.

00:36:21.527 --> 00:36:24.081
Which is a sector where there is a very serious problem in that sense.

00:36:24.374 --> 00:36:25.483
Or as in other sectors, 
...

00:36:25.691 --> 00:36:28.904
There are no people telling her: "women go to the kitchen" 
at least not in public.

00:36:29.833 --> 00:36:33.226
But really there is a problem. 
To ignore this problem and say: "No, that doesn’t happen here,"

00:36:33.967 --> 00:36:35.044
It doesn’t solve anything.

00:36:35.067 --> 00:36:35.787
Ok?

00:36:35.862 --> 00:36:36.440
It’s there.

00:36:37.158 --> 00:36:41.658
Which take to the next demon: 
"The gender breach ".

00:36:41.983 --> 00:36:46.618
That’s to say, we have very few women in free software,

00:36:46.618 --> 00:36:48.439
basically because we have very few women 
in the software.

00:36:48.439 --> 00:36:49.080
All right?

00:36:49.251 --> 00:36:55.716
If you don’t enter to our world, 
If 50% of the population doesn’t enter to the software,

00:36:56.483 --> 00:36:58.103
we are losing 50% of talent.

00:36:58.171 --> 00:36:59.672
Ok? 
And it’s a problem.

00:36:59.895 --> 00:37:04.067
There’re tons of people working, 
trying to find out what the problem is,

00:37:04.124 --> 00:37:07.715
Why they don’t enter, 
why we’re lack of women in the free software.

00:37:08.289 --> 00:37:10.227
Obviously related to what I was talking about before.

00:37:10.526 --> 00:37:13.924
And there are a lot of people trying to see what 
solutions we can give to.

00:37:14.378 --> 00:37:19.231
Doing activities, doing things, etc. 
Looking for tools to try to give that jump we have.

00:37:20.170 --> 00:37:23.288
It’s not much less easy obviously. 
It’s not a thing you do from one day to another.

00:37:23.288 --> 00:37:25.710
But we are trying and we are getting things.

00:37:26.020 --> 00:37:30.782
It’s something that we don’t have to forget, because really,
I insist, I no longer talk about an equality topic,

00:37:31.091 --> 00:37:35.913
a solidarity topic, or topic of... 
I’m not talking about those topics, I talk simply

00:37:35.913 --> 00:37:37.191
about pure pragmatism.

00:37:37.446 --> 00:37:40.261
We are losing half the talent, 
They are going to other places.

00:37:41.181 --> 00:37:42.742
People perfectly qualified.

00:37:45.483 --> 00:37:48.371
And finally. 
He didn’t want to make it so serious, as I am getting myself...

00:37:50.669 --> 00:37:55.089
Let's not be serious, let's take it with a little of laugh, 
with a little relaxation.

00:37:56.368 --> 00:38:01.199
Emma Goldman said: 
"If I cannot dance, I’m not interested in your revolution"

00:38:02.278 --> 00:38:05.042
It’s not that Emma thought that revolutions are a party,

00:38:05.822 --> 00:38:07.546
or that she thought that revolutions should be a party.

00:38:07.856 --> 00:38:12.987
It’s really just that, in a context we are, 
obviously, is not the same as Emma’s,

00:38:13.695 --> 00:38:19.193
In a context we are, that we do a work which our will, 
our motivation,

00:38:19.193 --> 00:38:26.054
self-interest, personal interest to doing something, 
to getting something, is so important,

00:38:26.054 --> 00:38:33.155
it’s very very easy that, simply, our own effort, 
the small advances that you make to flow

00:38:33.155 --> 00:38:34.788
in the big obstacles that you have.

00:38:35.008 --> 00:38:37.485
If we don’t take it with a bit to laugh, 
it won’t get itself any more...

00:38:37.485 --> 00:38:40.672
We need to laugh, to take with a bit of humor...

00:38:41.077 --> 00:38:41.947
Ok?

00:38:42.031 --> 00:38:46.426
And finally, in any case, and despite everything, 
I insist. It’s worth.

00:38:47.117 --> 00:38:53.008
I mena, free software is very cool.
Participate, get into, do something

00:38:53.008 --> 00:38:56.521
because it’s worth, really.

00:38:56.980 --> 00:39:03.474
I’ve met the most qualified people, 
to more intelligent people, to the most motivated people

00:39:03.474 --> 00:39:05.000
within the world of free software.

00:39:05.164 --> 00:39:10.589
Despite everything I've been saying right now, 
I’ve seen the best atmosphere of the world of job,

00:39:11.925 --> 00:39:16.635
the best atmosphere of... I mean it, to be happy 
and to be well on free software.

00:39:16.868 --> 00:39:18.649
More than any other.
Yes?

00:39:19.250 --> 00:39:22.270
If you don’t work in a project with free software, 
get into it, get into whatever,

00:39:22.270 --> 00:39:27.981
participate in projects that they are running, release things…
translate if you want, whatever...

00:39:28.107 --> 00:39:30.417
But it’s really worth it, it’s much worth.

00:39:31.119 --> 00:39:31.987
And that’s it.

00:39:31.999 --> 00:39:32.846
Thanks very much.

00:39:33.164 --> 00:39:34.703
[applauses from public]

00:41:25.980 --> 00:41:27.124
Do you hear me?

00:41:27.124 --> 00:41:27.871
Yes?.

00:41:27.871 --> 00:41:29.263
Ok, it’s not necessary to shout...

00:41:29.678 --> 00:41:32.918
Well, firstly thank you very much for... 
No?

00:41:38.971 --> 00:41:40.290
So not, you didn’t hear me...

00:41:40.290 --> 00:41:42.062
So I have a good voice, haven’t I?

00:41:44.167 --> 00:41:49.743
First of all, like all yes?, to be thankful for 
your invitation in Madrid, in the College.

00:41:49.743 --> 00:41:55.626
It has made me very excited that they invited me. 
And I’m going to talk a little bit about...

00:41:55.626 --> 00:41:58.269
I have not done almost ever but
I’m going to talk a little bit of me.

00:41:58.801 --> 00:42:05.313
I'm not narcissistic, I think, but sometimes I think that with 
the experiences we've lived and now years have passed yes?

00:42:05.407 --> 00:42:07.812
and someone perhaps they can be useful to you

00:42:08.359 --> 00:42:12.161
I'm going to talk a little bit of me, briefly, 
so I can tell you a couple of anecdotes

00:42:12.486 --> 00:42:16.996
and later I’ll talk a little bit of Debian yes?
because I have to sell my improvement way.

00:42:18.229 --> 00:42:23.839
Well, who am I? Maybe you will not know me
Because we are usually behind the keyboard

00:42:24.056 --> 00:42:32.166
Mainly took about 10 years
Becoming a teacher teaching programming

00:42:32.233 --> 00:42:35.926
And always from almost always I have used
Free software both to tell my

00:42:35.926 --> 00:42:40.476
Students, in fact the little template I make
For them to write their code already carries the GPL

00:42:40.476 --> 00:42:44.276
If anyone tells me this, but this
I say is what there is

00:42:44.276 --> 00:42:52.306
And on the other hand as catching code and being able to
Show, as a teacher is a source of inspiration

00:42:52.319 --> 00:42:53.949
And incredible creation

00:42:54.738 --> 00:42:59.558
I have not been doing it for a few months now
Teacher, but I got into a challenge

00:42:59.560 --> 00:43:04.180
Very curious that is that I am working
In a syndicate for public education

00:43:04.180 --> 00:43:09.955
In Catalonia and I'm trying to convince them
To see if they hear me, this is going to be published not?

00:43:09.955 --> 00:43:16.505
To see if they hear me to move everything
Your project to free software both the web

00:43:16.505 --> 00:43:18.223
Like your entire network

00:43:19.504 --> 00:43:24.324
But hey I think I've been invited here not for being
Teacher that there are 500 if not because I am

00:43:24.351 --> 00:43:29.321
Since 2012 I am developing in Debian
I carry a few packages is very little

00:43:29.321 --> 00:43:34.528
But this is the grace of free software too
That if we all do a little we get

00:43:34.528 --> 00:43:42.008
Great challenges right? Collaboration and work
On the net what gratifies is what we get

00:43:42.008 --> 00:43:47.328
I suppose, is there anyone who does not know what Debian is?
Does anyone dare to tell me that they do not know what Debian is?

00:43:47.328 --> 00:43:53.423
Well no one dares, in case there is one that does not dare
I commented that it is a distribution of GNU / Linux

00:43:54.963 --> 00:44:04.493
Of the perhaps there are like several branches of distributions
Large Debian is one of which deriban

00:44:04.493 --> 00:44:07.671
Many of the best known then I will speak a
A little more of him

00:44:08.533 --> 00:44:13.863
But if I had to define I do not think so
I will identify myself as a developer

00:44:13.946 --> 00:44:19.966
There is forgiveness neither as a teacher nor as a developer
Debian but would define me as passionate

00:44:19.966 --> 00:44:27.109
Software and technology and that's what I'm going to
Well I would like to focus the talk a little with that

00:44:27.417 --> 00:44:31.417
As my partner has explained?
The advantages of free software

00:44:31.417 --> 00:44:38.877
At a professional level because you can reuse,
You can modify on a personal level you can

00:44:38.926 --> 00:44:46.956
You can see if they're cheating you
But I have come to talk about passion

00:44:46.975 --> 00:44:52.845
Passion for technology, I do not know how many
Are you passionate about technology here?

00:44:52.845 --> 00:44:58.655
Motivates you, you would have to raise everyone's hand,
Please, it's worth more

00:44:58.675 --> 00:45:03.628
Okay, how many are you passionate about technology?
And you all make a huge wave there

00:45:03.634 --> 00:45:07.170
And I, I, because otherwise you would not be studying
This, I guess you did not get in here.

00:45:07.170 --> 00:45:10.260
To be millionaires, because maybe you are
mistaking

00:45:10.820 --> 00:45:14.170
You are here because you like it, you like it
The software, like to program

00:45:14.782 --> 00:45:23.892
And that is what has always moved me
Sorry I jumped I'm going to count a couple

00:45:23.919 --> 00:45:25.069
Of anecdotes

00:45:25.469 --> 00:45:29.469
The first is when before being a teacher
I was working in service companies

00:45:29.469 --> 00:45:33.469
I was in a little business
Software and such

00:45:34.461 --> 00:45:41.511
And I to my little programs at home, my games
I was not going to say which operating system

00:45:41.511 --> 00:45:47.231
Which gives me as repellent and ... but I was like
Restless with the subject saw computer science as

00:45:47.293 --> 00:45:52.943
Something neutral something pff, and talking to a
I told the guy at work that my computer

00:45:52.960 --> 00:45:58.290
I love it, I love it, but I'm missing something.
I lack something a social point, a political point

00:45:58.317 --> 00:46:02.427
With the computer this world is going to move
It is much more important and he tells me

00:46:02.427 --> 00:46:08.398
But come, come to the hacklab of Barcelona
KernelPanic we do courses

00:46:08.398 --> 00:46:13.578
We used GNU / Linux and I looked at it as
What are you telling me? I went

00:46:13.578 --> 00:46:19.314
And from there on because first skin of goose
Okay the second comes later, I saw that there were people

00:46:19.406 --> 00:46:25.656
Like me, that there were passionate people, I saw
Really physical

00:46:25.894 --> 00:46:32.234
I saw people as passionate as I
And that got me good curiosity

00:46:32.302 --> 00:46:37.022
That they did not use
The nameless, used another operating system

00:46:37.022 --> 00:46:41.762
Of which I knew nothing and learned it
I learned what GNU / Linux was the 4 freedoms

00:46:41.817 --> 00:46:46.317
That I was going to tell them, but there's no need
Because the first speaker saved us

00:46:46.320 --> 00:46:53.360
5 minutilles all, and I saw what was a license of
Free software, which was viral

00:46:53.372 --> 00:47:00.962
I say I give but I force you to give
Okay, and it was one of, the first anecdote I wanted to explain

00:47:00.962 --> 00:47:06.246
Of passion for software and the second
Was that after a few years, well sorry

00:47:06.246 --> 00:47:12.601
With the whole theme of hacklabs that I started with
Meet people not only from Barcelona but all

00:47:12.601 --> 00:47:20.319
The state that made hackmeeting hacker with
The ... when I speak of hacker I speak of

00:47:20.329 --> 00:47:24.459
The people who are passionate about the software, not the
People who are passionate about breaking bank accounts

00:47:24.459 --> 00:47:28.452
If not the passionate people we enjoy
Knowing how things are done

00:47:28.670 --> 00:47:31.260
With proprietary software this is impossible

00:47:31.695 --> 00:47:37.895
With which I got in touch with a lot
People, have spent many years spreading free software

00:47:37.895 --> 00:47:43.468
Giving away CDs until there was a
moment to say I have spread a lot

00:47:43.468 --> 00:47:47.466
I used a lot, I want to return something
To the community, and I still do not know how I

00:47:47.466 --> 00:47:51.466
Started to bring Debian that was the
Distribution of GNU / Linux that I had always used

00:47:51.759 --> 00:47:58.869
And one day, well, I started sending some
Patch, talk to developers

00:47:58.869 --> 00:48:04.398
Which for me was also amazing, I found this error
And at 5 minutes I had answered the developer

00:48:04.398 --> 00:48:09.806
Of that package and it was like but, well
But this where he is and we will call you later

00:48:09.806 --> 00:48:14.536
No longer was it was completely a communication
Completely fluid

00:48:16.046 --> 00:48:20.696
And well, I got going
Until one day I start to pack

00:48:20.705 --> 00:48:28.395
A little and I uploaded my first package, I remember completely
To be in the metro to take the email to me

00:48:28.422 --> 00:48:35.352
Your package "has been accepted" and I wow
Goose bumps again, without charging anything

00:48:35.393 --> 00:48:40.533
A packet that was worthless, but you
Full of brutal satisfaction

00:48:40.533 --> 00:48:47.545
That the rest of ... whoever goes is going to
Be able to use, it will be able to improve and

00:48:47.550 --> 00:48:49.940
Do what suits you best

00:48:52.061 --> 00:48:59.261
And now you could tell me: but that has
To see the passion for technology with

00:48:59.267 --> 00:49:00.517
Free software?

00:49:01.377 --> 00:49:05.747
Because I think it makes it very easy
Obviously you can be passionate about

00:49:05.747 --> 00:49:10.510
Technology, but you already see the fans of all
Mac products do not?

00:49:11.190 --> 00:49:17.670
They are passionate too, but as a technician
Eh free software makes it very easy

00:49:17.670 --> 00:49:21.643
And I will put as an example, I will tell a little bit
How the Debian community works

00:49:21.643 --> 00:49:30.143
So that you see that the freedom he gives you and
The community that gives you can help you a lot

00:49:30.163 --> 00:49:35.823
That you develop and be able to do what you want
With what you generate as code

00:49:36.214 --> 00:49:42.334
Some time ago, just like the four freedoms
I decided that Debian had the 4 spirals

00:49:42.334 --> 00:49:47.868
The Debian symbol is a spiral and I'm going
To relate a little bit each what it means

00:49:47.868 --> 00:49:51.114
And see if you can understand a little of what
I was talking

00:49:51.281 --> 00:49:54.401
First of all the community, what is the
Debian community?

00:49:54.401 --> 00:49:58.631
The Debian community is huge is not a
Small project is a very large project

00:49:58.631 --> 00:50:03.531
With which to enter costs a lot, costs
A lot if you're shy, if you're not shy

00:50:03.535 --> 00:50:07.535
You throw yourself but if you're shy it costs you a lot
Because it is very big

00:50:07.535 --> 00:50:13.383
All mailing lists on which,
Most of the communication is done there

00:50:13.383 --> 00:50:19.643
Are less any specifically public
Less one that is only developers

00:50:19.643 --> 00:50:23.623
To discuss private things, but all
The others are public therefore what you write

00:50:23.623 --> 00:50:28.553
It stays in public and it's embarrassing, but I'm going to
Explain a little how it works

00:50:28.553 --> 00:50:35.227
The community have different profile,
The first is a user, the first thing that

00:50:35.244 --> 00:50:39.244
You could do is use it and therefore
And you are part of that community

00:50:39.651 --> 00:50:47.621
Then there are people who make collaborations
Such as writing a patch or writing a bug

00:50:47.621 --> 00:50:56.369
Because he finds an error and reports it
If you go further and there is one of the ...

00:50:56.369 --> 00:51:01.878
Well I do not know if you know how distributions work
But in general all the software is packaged

00:51:01.878 --> 00:51:11.081
In packages ie we take the source code of
Free software that exists and we put it in a special way

00:51:11.081 --> 00:51:17.620
We package it so that it can adapt to the
Distribution then you when you are using Debian

00:51:17.620 --> 00:51:19.006
Do you install packages

00:51:20.408 --> 00:51:26.538
Eh then if you have a package that you are developing
Long ago you can become a Debian maintainer

00:51:26.538 --> 00:51:34.318
That is to say you are given the permissions so that your
Keep that package and upload it to the Debian repository

00:51:34.318 --> 00:51:35.623
without any problem

00:51:36.233 --> 00:51:43.263
And finally they are Debian developer that these
We are people who have already become more involved in

00:51:43.263 --> 00:51:49.766
The community we have done a whole process
To enter, there are basically two parts

00:51:49.769 --> 00:51:56.089
The first part is very philosophical is wanted
Ensure that you are committed to

00:51:56.089 --> 00:52:02.547
Free software and with Debian and the other more technical
So good to see that you know what you do, right?

00:52:02.547 --> 00:52:09.897
Debian is characterized by its quality and safety and is not
Can put any package that is wrong

00:52:09.897 --> 00:52:13.871
Then you have to check that you really
Are you doing things right

00:52:14.497 --> 00:52:19.817
Which I would like to comment also on the community
Is how Debian works, you do not have to go

00:52:19.817 --> 00:52:27.013
Asking for permissions if I do this or do the other
We have a few guides and from there you are doing

00:52:27.059 --> 00:52:31.059
And talk about democracy when you are
Debian developer you can vote

00:52:31.480 --> 00:52:37.620
That is you can propose things and vote
But also the "docracy" "do" of doing

00:52:37.658 --> 00:52:42.678
Do not come with rolls this would do it like this or that
Because it is best to do this does not code

00:52:42.678 --> 00:52:50.416
Do and we already see how everything else
Debian spiral would be freedom

00:52:50.418 --> 00:52:59.858
Freedom in that sense, because on the one hand we have
The freedom that the software will always remain

00:52:59.891 --> 00:53:07.131
Free, in fact as I commented before when
You become a Debian developer

00:53:07.258 --> 00:53:12.498
When you become Debian developer these
According to the Debian Social Contract

00:53:12.556 --> 00:53:17.405
Which is a contract made with the
Debian users and this agreement says

00:53:17.405 --> 00:53:21.205
The first thing he says is that Debian software
Always remain free

00:53:22.560 --> 00:53:26.560
Says other things the truth is that I do not know
Of memory but I can comment them

00:53:26.560 --> 00:53:33.420
Says that we will always give back to the community
Everything we do bone that we consider

00:53:33.421 --> 00:53:41.091
To the community, that we will not hide problems
That's brutal is not it? Go look at this bug

00:53:41.113 --> 00:53:48.993
As it is all free you can see that really
There is no problem and everyone can fix it

00:53:49.139 --> 00:53:56.789
And fin, not finally, that our priorities
It is people users and free software

00:53:56.817 --> 00:54:05.037
And finally trying to remove one of the fears
That comrade commented that if your

00:54:05.057 --> 00:54:09.057
You need proprietary software even if you are not
In repositories that would be official

00:54:09.057 --> 00:54:15.377
Of Debian if there are two repositories that can
Have proprietary software for if you want to install them

00:54:15.402 --> 00:54:22.282
That's one that the Taliban would say
Debian is not purely free because it has

00:54:22.282 --> 00:54:27.503
Two repositories that ... well it's true
Is purely free because the repository

00:54:27.589 --> 00:54:32.839
Main is all free, but if you can
Install private things if you need them

00:54:33.972 --> 00:54:39.772
Also freedom as a person when you are
In the community, because you can do whatever you want

00:54:39.772 --> 00:54:50.021
Freedom and independence Debian does not depend on a company
Is a community of volunteers with which there is no

00:54:50.021 --> 00:54:56.978
Guidelines apart from the social contract and the Debian guides
That they tell you you have to go here or you have to go there

00:54:56.978 --> 00:55:00.094
Everything is decided in community and democratically

00:55:01.249 --> 00:55:06.159
To talk about good quality in free software
Quality is relatively easy if there is sufficient

00:55:06.159 --> 00:55:13.029
People like to go fix things
But in the case of Debian I think that if

00:55:13.029 --> 00:55:18.939
That we could assure that it is a project
Which takes into account the quality of the

00:55:18.989 --> 00:55:25.039
Software, in fact there are Debian Policies
That when you start with Debian it's a bit

00:55:25.039 --> 00:55:29.696
A torture that is when a package enters
In the repository you have to fulfill them

00:55:29.696 --> 00:55:38.331
If you are not sent bugs or do not go to the stable version
Debian and well we have many tools

00:55:38.331 --> 00:55:43.402
I'm not going to roll up with this if someone
Have doubts I will explain, but we have tools like

00:55:43.418 --> 00:55:51.968
"Piuparts" or "Lintian" that he does is that when you have
Finished making the package you check that package

00:55:51.993 --> 00:55:58.173
Do not misrepresent yourself and have the copyright for example
What do you say or what, I'm a programmer, I do not want

00:55:58.205 --> 00:56:02.205
Because if you do not have a well-placed copyright
Also tells you

00:56:04.622 --> 00:56:14.562
And finally as the flavors we have
In Debian, Debian as well as being the main source

00:56:14.562 --> 00:56:20.624
Of many distributions known as
Can be Ubuntu or Linux Mint or many others

00:56:20.652 --> 00:56:24.652
Also has flavors inside for example
You say to me that I really like Debian.

00:56:24.666 --> 00:56:32.385
But it is that I am very involved in the medical world
As there are "DebianMeds" or I'm involved in education

00:56:32.385 --> 00:56:38.655
Because "DebianEdu" or I really like children
"DebianJunior" there are as flavors that are compilations

00:56:38.669 --> 00:56:46.709
Of software in that particular field therefore
We have to choose in fact Debian is defined as

00:56:46.738 --> 00:56:49.318
A universal operating system so you like everything
the world

00:56:50.785 --> 00:57:00.495
Finished this mini presentation of Debian
I would also like to comment

00:57:00.505 --> 00:57:07.715
Because in the projects of free software
It is easy to enter and as not, I already commented it my partner

00:57:07.743 --> 00:57:12.763
And I really liked that a man
Talk about women and not a woman talking about women

00:57:12.766 --> 00:57:16.216
What is always what happens
I would like to know how many people here

00:57:16.216 --> 00:57:18.046
It's a woman or a woman

00:57:20.560 --> 00:57:26.310
It's okay, though, right?
Now everyone is watching, where are they?

00:57:26.310 --> 00:57:35.607
where are they? In the ... a clear example even
Is very worrisome in the world of free software

00:57:35.607 --> 00:57:42.454
This issue is worrying because statistically
There are more women in the technological field than in

00:57:42.467 --> 00:57:49.045
Free software, the Debian case about 1000
Developers, women or sitting

00:57:49.045 --> 00:57:54.395
Wife did not arrive at 20 ok
What are we doing wrong

00:57:54.395 --> 00:58:00.812
I do not know, I've read a lot of books
Of people who say no

00:58:00.820 --> 00:58:07.530
Video games, but it's now girls
They play video games is complicated

00:58:07.530 --> 00:58:12.767
I think it's not just about women
That we focus on this if not also

00:58:12.767 --> 00:58:19.636
Of how men receive us and why
Debian Women is not a project that people who are

00:58:19.636 --> 00:58:25.814
Inside are women, but they are men and women
That what they want is that in Debian there are more women

00:58:25.814 --> 00:58:32.672
I hope it will cease to exist because that would mean
That is not necessary, but it is simply a

00:58:32.672 --> 00:58:39.197
Entrance door to that: I'm ashamed
That they are all boys here, well, I'm starting to talk here

00:58:39.197 --> 00:58:43.341
How can I collaborate and such and then you're already inside

00:58:43.860 --> 00:58:53.340
But not only women because sometimes the criticism
But because only communities that encourage women

00:58:53.426 --> 00:59:01.066
As it was not long ago in Debian the Diversity Statement
It's going to be the only slide that I put with text

00:59:01.096 --> 00:59:08.426
In English but I will translate it into which Debian animates
To anyone who can collaborate

00:59:08.426 --> 00:59:15.870
And says: the Debian project welcomes and encourages
To anyone's participation, no matter how you identify

00:59:15.870 --> 00:59:22.440
To yourself or as others perceive you,
We welcome you

00:59:22.495 --> 00:59:27.875
We welcome contributions from anyone
Provided they interact constructively

00:59:27.875 --> 00:59:35.081
With our community, although the majority of
Our work is technical in nature

00:59:35.081 --> 00:59:39.981
We also value and encourage contributions from
Those who have experience in other areas

00:59:39.981 --> 00:59:42.708
And encourage them to enter our community

00:59:42.708 --> 00:59:48.552
With which we try to get people to come
To the project, welcome

00:59:48.552 --> 00:59:56.632
No matter what gender, gender, race, religion
Have and that is why I say that entering into

00:59:56.654 --> 01:00:02.194
Free software, if you have passion in principle
It would have to be much easier

01:00:02.269 --> 01:00:08.859
And with this thank you
And well if you have questions and you will do them to me later

01:01:33.946 --> 01:01:37.946
Well, good morning to everyone
And all

01:01:38.404 --> 01:01:43.394
I am Pablo Soto I am the participation councilor
Citizen transparency and open government

01:01:43.423 --> 01:01:48.390
Of the city of Madrid, you will discover in the
Next few minutes I do not talk like a politician

01:01:48.390 --> 01:01:55.550
That I speak more like a developer
And I will try to live or surf the thin line

01:01:55.550 --> 01:01:59.528
Between the two things, I really have been
A hacktivist all my life

01:01:59.528 --> 01:02:07.028
And I am part of those hundreds of new
Political experiences, political parties

01:02:07.028 --> 01:02:11.967
In the case of Madrid is called Ahora Madrid
But there are in hundreds of cities and

01:02:11.969 --> 01:02:15.969
Govern in fact in the most
Large throughout the state

01:02:17.306 --> 01:02:20.756
Barcelona, Valencia, Madrid, La Coruña
Santiago, Cádiz, Zaragoza

01:02:20.756 --> 01:02:24.996
We could spend so much time, right?
In a country where everyone is always

01:02:25.040 --> 01:02:28.920
I knew who was going to be the next president
Of the government, right?

01:02:28.929 --> 01:02:34.789
Notice that more special things have had to happen
So that nothing less than in the capital

01:02:34.789 --> 01:02:40.088
One of the most important countries of the
World and a large European capital

01:02:40.089 --> 01:02:46.839
Find a hacker in the government deciding
How are public policies made

01:02:46.989 --> 01:02:50.399
Well sure many of you
Remembers it but I would like to know

01:02:50.399 --> 01:02:57.289
Who knows what happened in Madrid the night
Of May 15, 2011? You can raise your hand

01:02:57.306 --> 01:03:04.876
Those that you know happened that night
What little, well that night

01:03:04.908 --> 01:03:13.068
That day, on the 15th of May, there was a series
Of demonstrations in 50 cities in Spain

01:03:13.083 --> 01:03:19.183
It was the first time a large demonstration was called
Without the support of any traditional political party

01:03:19.183 --> 01:03:26.619
Not traditional, no political party no
Trade union, no traditional civil society organization

01:03:26.636 --> 01:03:32.626
And rather through social networks moving
In small groups of activists a high percentage

01:03:32.626 --> 01:03:39.729
Of them were activists who came from the world
Of free software, a mobilization was moved

01:03:39.736 --> 01:03:45.746
We are talking about 2011 when
There was a very serious crisis problem in Spain

01:03:45.752 --> 01:03:51.952
We still have it but if you go back to May 2011
Unemployment was shooting up millions of people

01:03:51.952 --> 01:03:58.776
Hundreds of thousands of people were starting to
Lose their homes because they could not pay the mortgages

01:03:58.776 --> 01:04:03.969
Million Spaniards and Spanish went out to
Other countries have sought the future

01:04:05.182 --> 01:04:12.533
Cutbacks in health and education began.
and a mobilization emerges and the slogan,

01:04:12.533 --> 01:04:19.793
the main banner did not read "Work, roof, bread"
if you remember it was "real democracy now".

01:04:20.011 --> 01:04:26.147
And that responds to an analysis that emerges from
many places in society, which say

01:04:26.147 --> 01:04:31.076
well maybe the problem is not so much this specific problem that can be with housing or

01:04:31.076 --> 01:04:34.986
this specific problem that we can have with education if not that we have a collective

01:04:34.987 --> 01:04:40.407
problem with democracy, it seems that democracy is not finishing giving everything

01:04:41.176 --> 01:04:49.516
that came to give, and it seems that surely we can improve it and it seems that we are at a crucial moment,

01:04:49.516 --> 01:04:57.822
we are in a moment where, well, I do not know if maybe sounds a little grandiloquent

01:05:00.066 --> 01:05:04.860
but the work done by the most important human genre in history is before us

01:05:04.860 --> 01:05:09.900
and it's the internet, we are in a moment where if we think of history in something similar

01:05:09.900 --> 01:05:17.258
we can think perhaps in the printing press, to notice that the printing, the effect it can have,

01:05:17.488 --> 01:05:24.078
that it has been able to have in humanity comparing it with the internet, that the internet is as if we put

01:05:24.078 --> 01:05:31.133
steroids to the printing and we had one in each house, well, look what the printing caused,

01:05:31.133 --> 01:05:36.377
because it provoked, it contributed to that generated a very interesting thing in Europe

01:05:36.377 --> 01:05:41.377
which was called "Illustration", which in turn triggered a cycle of revolutions that in turn brought us

01:05:41.377 --> 01:05:47.074
the parliamentary democracies we now have systems where society could not be

01:05:47.076 --> 01:05:52.586
more pyramidal, and fix what brought the press, well Now it turns out we have internet

01:05:52.586 --> 01:05:56.696
and we do not have it now, we have for a few decades and we are still with

01:05:56.696 --> 01:06:01.260
those same democracies, where we have decided in some way that we are unable to agree

01:06:01.260 --> 01:06:06.711
all of us and then we appoint a few and they agree,

01:06:06.711 --> 01:06:12.741
we gather them in a building, we call it parliament, that they decide and we will obey,

01:06:13.423 --> 01:06:19.852
well then, this analysis that we can be at a point where it is very important what

01:06:19.852 --> 01:06:25.312
we can do collectively arise these mobilizations and fix it is not only in Spain,

01:06:26.579 --> 01:06:32.189
have occurred throughout all continents, have occurred since:

01:06:32.189 --> 01:06:38.427
"Occupy Wall street" until the revolution of the sunflowers, we have the Arab revolt

01:06:38.427 --> 01:06:43.706
not everywhere has worked the same in each place is different but there is a common element

01:06:43.706 --> 01:06:49.559
that is civil society making a very intensive use of technologies, go out to

01:06:49.559 --> 01:06:55.435
the street, in some places with bloody dictatorships and I am thinking of Tunez, had decades

01:06:55.435 --> 01:07:02.902
with a dictator who murdered them if they go out on the street, agree through

01:07:02.902 --> 01:07:08.628
social networks, there is a spark that is a street merchant who arbitrarily,

01:07:08.628 --> 01:07:15.293
the police demanded his post and set himself on fire. The new is obviously not given by the official media

01:07:15.293 --> 01:07:20.458
but through the internet people are getting the news and a manifestation

01:07:20.458 --> 01:07:27.006
is generated that is growing every day, every day it is growing, every day it is growing and there comes a time when

01:07:27.006 --> 01:07:33.156
Ben Ali, who was this dictator has the distrust of his own bodyguards and decides to ride

01:07:33.173 --> 01:07:38.013
a helicopter and leave, and since then
There is democracy in Tunez, there they call it

01:07:38.013 --> 01:07:44.603
the Facebook revolution, Facebook is a company and yet there they do not live it

01:07:44.607 --> 01:07:50.587
with that sadness. Well let's talk a little bit about how free software can transform all of this.

01:07:51.530 --> 01:07:58.685
When we talk about democracy, we are sure that many of us think of a political key, and when we think

01:07:58.685 --> 01:08:04.755
of a political key, for many, I am sure that it is also a bit, it is a bit of a roll, this has to do

01:08:04.755 --> 01:08:08.726
with if you stop someone on the street and you questions that what is the policy, because maybe it responds to you

01:08:08.726 --> 01:08:13.635
of course if the leaders discussing on TV that maybe Albert Rivera

01:08:13.635 --> 01:08:17.638
and Pablo Iglésias argue a lot and who put a fatter "zasca" on the other and then

01:08:17.638 --> 01:08:25.828
wins the election, as that is politics, democracy and politics are something else,

01:08:25.828 --> 01:08:29.558
democracy and this is very important, this is where we touch what is really important, is that

01:08:29.558 --> 01:08:36.452
democracy is that you decide, democracy is that all of us here can decide in practice

01:08:36.452 --> 01:08:42.082
that we can decide what the city is like the country where we live, as is the world.

01:08:42.978 --> 01:08:50.348
And that's how, if I ask you which is the most democratic country in the world?

01:08:50.630 --> 01:08:51.805
Who knows?

01:08:53.711 --> 01:08:56.411
to have heard there some name of a country,

01:08:59.372 --> 01:09:01.140
Switzerland, Very good!

01:09:01.330 --> 01:09:06.660
Is the gold standard of democracy, it is like no one on the left or right dares

01:09:06.660 --> 01:09:12.560
to say that there is no democracy in Switzerland, notice that there has not been a very chaotic system either

01:09:12.560 --> 01:09:17.830
And yet if we look at what is in Switzerland when we are going to fill the contents

01:09:18.587 --> 01:09:26.098
of what the "Real Democracy Now" banners said and see what is in Switzerland, it does not seem to be

01:09:26.098 --> 01:09:30.640
a constant revolutionary process either, are some mechanisms that

01:09:30.640 --> 01:09:37.492
allow citizens to take control of politics whenever they want, when they want to pass a law

01:09:37.492 --> 01:09:42.572
that politicians do not agree to approve, citizens can propose it and in a

01:09:42.572 --> 01:09:48.490
referendum decide it and politicians obey or when politicians want to pass a law and approve it

01:09:48.490 --> 01:09:53.116
with which the social majority disagrees, Signatures are gathered, there is a deadline to gather the signatures and

01:09:53.116 --> 01:09:58.990
already then that law goes to referendum and if the people are against it undoes that law,

01:09:58.990 --> 01:10:06.270
what simpler mechanism, the census percentage in signatures, is very similar to the ILPs, what happens

01:10:06.270 --> 01:10:15.347
is that it works well and takes a referendum, well, that mechanism that is so simple

01:10:15.347 --> 01:10:21.656
at the same time is very powerful, It is very powerful because it is a legal mechanism that allows us

01:10:21.656 --> 01:10:26.167
to stop wars, for example, we always laugh at the Swiss because they are very neutral

01:10:26.167 --> 01:10:32.647
and it's like the topic, as we ridicule it, but to fix you is a country capable of stopping

01:10:32.647 --> 01:10:39.047
anyway when there is an impulse of a minority that wants to impose a war, look at you, and it's a country

01:10:39.047 --> 01:10:45.407
where things like income are already being talked about Universal, that is to say that everyone has a non-theoretical real right,

01:10:45.407 --> 01:10:51.164
we are not talking about a theoretical corpus that we build on Marxism, not, in practice

01:10:51.164 --> 01:10:56.534
in Europe, in a country besides culture rather conservative center we could say as Switzerland

01:10:56.534 --> 01:11:00.751
are posing the reality that everyone has the right to have the minimum to live

01:11:00.751 --> 01:11:05.272
and that implies having a basic income independently of all the conditions

01:11:05.272 --> 01:11:13.782
that we can put. You can see that the most powerful mechanism, well, we go back to 2015,

01:11:13.786 --> 01:11:18.866
it turns out that there are these municipal elections in which there are a lot of new governments

01:11:18.903 --> 01:11:25.873
and we arrived at the city hall of Madrid and we say, from this we have learned in civil society

01:11:25.879 --> 01:11:31.549
that fundamentally has to do with mechanisms of direct democracy that can be put

01:11:31.549 --> 01:11:36.868
into action and are known to work, are already known to work, the swiss had already in 1848

01:11:36.868 --> 01:11:48.488
because they do not put it here and there are a lot of difficulties because "tachán" arrives the greatest challenge that has the

01:11:48.497 --> 01:11:54.997
democracy, the biggest challenge that has direct democracy and the citizen participation that is, is none other

01:11:54.999 --> 01:12:01.299
han the politicians, the Biggest challenge ever for
People can take control of the institutions

01:12:01.299 --> 01:12:10.069
and political control are the politicians, I do not know any survey at a global level

01:12:10.082 --> 01:12:15.452
where people say they do not want to have the ability to decide what the laws are like, there is no way

01:12:15.452 --> 01:12:19.681
I know that survey and yet when asked to The politicians systematically say

01:12:19.681 --> 01:12:24.181
well that they do not agree that according to which mechanisms, what to see, what to see

01:12:25.411 --> 01:12:34.491
is very striking the case of Holland where a survey was made on the one hand to people,

01:12:34.491 --> 01:12:40.728
citizens and ordinary citizens and on the other hand council councilors and 80 percent

01:12:40.728 --> 01:12:45.387
of citizens agreed that the popular initiative was introduced to a binding referendum

01:12:45.387 --> 01:12:50.537
which is this mechanism and 80 percent of councilors were against fixing you,

01:12:53.079 --> 01:12:58.299
because they basically understood the importance of this mechanism, a mechanism

01:12:58.299 --> 01:13:03.332
capable of expropriating the minorities who are in command to distribute it among a lot of people,

01:13:03.332 --> 01:13:08.722
all over the world. There are a lot of arguments against these mechanisms

01:13:08.722 --> 01:13:17.783
But we had some trick and a very good trick that we knew was working

01:13:17.802 --> 01:13:23.922
in civil society was free software, so we decided to take this mechanism if the swiss

01:13:23.923 --> 01:13:29.003
had it in 1848 and it worked because they did not try it in 2015 in Madrid

01:13:29.682 --> 01:13:37.502
and what we said was, well if the Swiss have been doing it for centuries, collecting signatures on paper

01:13:38.127 --> 01:13:48.367
and voting exclusively in ballot boxes that are very similar to the times from which

01:13:48.367 --> 01:13:53.961
this mechanism was born, to think of what type of printing presses were formerly everything

01:13:53.971 --> 01:13:59.942
as very mechanical with wood and pieces and with
things and so clear envelopes, urn papers, signatures,

01:13:59.942 --> 01:14:05.670
pens but it is that we are in the 21st century so let's think as you join now people

01:14:05.670 --> 01:14:11.017
signatures sure you all know platforms of signatures I do not want to say any, we do not have to

01:14:11.022 --> 01:14:19.322
advertise Change, but you all use truth, people use those digital platforms

01:14:19.338 --> 01:14:26.688
to collect signatures because we do not make that legal mechanism through which

01:14:26.701 --> 01:14:32.041
a group of people can agree to propose a law and that is voted and made through the page of the city council.

01:14:32.966 --> 01:14:37.440
The initial response is because that page does not exist, so we said good then

01:14:37.440 --> 01:14:39.960
let's do it and we will do it in free software.

01:14:41.613 --> 01:14:48.523
I do not know if you have the city of Madrid but

01:14:48.529 --> 01:14:55.889
if I tell you that the city of Madrid has about 500 people in the computer department,

01:14:55.889 --> 01:15:01.648
say, Wow! That's a lot of people, but if I tell you that in total there are more than 30,000 employees maybe

01:15:01.648 --> 01:15:10.673
not so much, because it is difficult to find organizations where only one in 60 is the computer

01:15:10.681 --> 01:15:17.481
and that at the same time it is an organization where all the procedures can be done online, everything is

01:15:17.481 --> 01:15:24.919
automated, it is very difficult to find organizations so, although it seems that an organization of

01:15:24.919 --> 01:15:29.922
500 computers, not all are computers, but the computer branch of Madrid city council

01:15:29.922 --> 01:15:38.553
are 500 people with a budget of about 100,000,000 million euros a year seems to be a powerful machinery

01:15:38.553 --> 01:15:42.197
in fact the opposite happens, they are very heavy machinery

01:15:42.197 --> 01:15:50.037
where it is very difficult to produce innovation, it is very difficult and then we decided to do what

01:15:50.046 --> 01:15:55.696
Pablo recommended that is to open an account in Github first and from the first line of

01:15:55.700 --> 01:16:03.490
code was free, then we said: "Hello world we want to make a mechanism of citizen participation

01:16:03.493 --> 01:16:07.453
for direct democracy in Madrid," these are the rules, if 1 percent

01:16:07.453 --> 01:16:13.723
of the population supports a proposal, which anyone can do it we take it to a vote, the whole city

01:16:13.723 --> 01:16:17.299
votes and if the majority agrees the government carries it out.

01:16:17.980 --> 01:16:25.087
Now we are going to develop it, then as you know the elections were in May 2015 sorry

01:16:27.177 --> 01:16:32.727
in June 2015, we form government in July 2015,

01:16:33.756 --> 01:16:39.776
I think it was July 27, 2015

01:16:40.284 --> 01:16:47.224
we launched the mechanism with the portal, connected with the register , with secure connection, with verification,

01:16:47.232 --> 01:16:54.252
with electronic voting on September 15, 2015, this would have been absolutely unthinkable for

01:16:54.260 --> 01:17:01.080
any administration and there were not many people contributing to the code yet.

01:17:02.218 --> 01:17:07.136
We knew we had planted a good seed and that people were going to start using it and that

01:17:07.136 --> 01:17:09.836
it could already be spread to other places.

01:17:15.000 --> 01:17:22.580
At the same time that we understood that this project is something that surpasses Madrid because it is free software

01:17:22.580 --> 01:17:29.028
what we did was something a little radical in quotation marks that was something radial in the sense that it had never

01:17:29.029 --> 01:17:35.859
been done, that is to launch a department In a town hall whose sole purpose is

01:17:35.874 --> 01:17:41.650
to serve all institutions other than the city council, the outside world and call it

01:17:41.650 --> 01:17:48.030
the institutional extension service, a series of departments that are dedicated to call others

01:17:48.036 --> 01:17:53.606
places to get in touch with citizens of all the world, to receive when they contact us and tell

01:17:53.606 --> 01:17:58.583
we have these tools, we have this code and when we talk about code, we talk

01:17:58.583 --> 01:18:06.486
about the Code Decide Madrid, which is what is called the platform, but also the legal code of laws,

01:18:06.486 --> 01:18:12.556
regulations, ordinances, everything that we have needed to go approving, decrees to implement

01:18:12.562 --> 01:18:17.922
these democratic mechanisms, we have done the same, we have licensed GPL

01:18:17.923 --> 01:18:24.640
nothing else to the code, because the laws already have it by themselves, they are public domain, but the idea is the same

01:18:24.640 --> 01:18:32.460
let's to use these licenses to spread democracy, after all, what has been the result,

01:18:32.460 --> 01:18:37.173
after a few months Barcelona joined, shortly after Coruña, shortly after

01:18:37.173 --> 01:18:41.703
Santiago are now more than 30 cities, which use it.

01:18:42.498 --> 01:18:48.088
In Barcelona they called it Decidín Barcelona, in each place they have called it in a way and in some

01:18:48.096 --> 01:18:55.036
places they are exactly Decide Madrid modified the look and feel, the appearance but in other places

01:18:55.048 --> 01:19:00.408
they have opened their own lines of development, Around 100

01:19:00.420 --> 01:19:05.240
repositories where there are commits usually and we do not have a census

01:19:05.240 --> 01:19:12.378
but there are dozens of developers full time, not only in Spain, also for example is

01:19:12.385 --> 01:19:15.275
using Nariño which is a region of Colombia,

01:19:15.779 --> 01:19:22.012
They are installing it in the state of Jalisco (Guadalajara)

01:19:22.352 --> 01:19:28.532
We are talking about millions of people, Buenos Aires, I do not know if they have called it Decide Buenos Aires,

01:19:28.958 --> 01:19:31.568
well, multitude of cities around the world.

01:19:33.582 --> 01:19:42.572
We return to the case of Madrid, as well as working, well one of the things that has had this project of

01:19:42.584 --> 01:19:50.994
novel, is that in Switzerland as you know you have to collect all the signatures on paper in the street

01:19:50.999 --> 01:19:59.239
to get the number that is and when the You have achieved, present them in the institution

01:19:59.260 --> 01:20:06.080
and the referendum is called, here, not here a proposal with only seven supports, actually

01:20:06.080 --> 01:20:11.836
with only one support, you put it and that proposal the council has already published and

01:20:11.836 --> 01:20:20.554
is only one support , what are you and you have the same conditions to get in this case is 27,064

01:20:20.555 --> 01:20:24.736
supports, that is one in 100
madrilenians over the age of 16 have to agree

01:20:24.736 --> 01:20:26.117
With your proposal.

01:20:27.096 --> 01:20:31.926
That radically changes the way in which this mechanism of democracy works because in Switzerland

01:20:31.926 --> 01:20:36.594
most of the citizen initiatives manage to collect the necessary signatures to reach

01:20:36.594 --> 01:20:45.484
referendum, here there have been 15,000 proposals, obviously it is a minimum percentage that will

01:20:45.499 --> 01:20:52.379
get those firms , Why ?, because at the end
That threshold for what it serves is to regulate that

01:20:52.397 --> 01:20:58.357
we can not be voting one hundred things constantly all the time if not that we are going to vote X things a year.

01:20:58.370 --> 01:21:03.000
In Switzerland they vote 2, 3, 4 things every year,

01:21:03.011 --> 01:21:09.001
you can see that there are maybe 8 initiatives or 6 initiatives and get the signatures

01:21:09.102 --> 01:21:16.542
Only 4 or 2, here there have been 15,000 proposals but at the end of the first year they have obtained

01:21:16.551 --> 01:21:21.981
the signatures 2 or be that although the mechanism has very different flows and this

01:21:25.157 --> 01:21:30.257
works with a logic of very rapid change, new things on the platform

01:21:32.695 --> 01:21:37.625
people can make and disseminate their proposals in networks in a much simpler way but

01:21:37.625 --> 01:21:44.521
finally we arrive at the same result, which is that every year an affordable number of proposals

01:21:44.521 --> 01:21:50.858
are voted, in this case are 2 proposals that are going to vote of 13 To the 19 of February, they are going to vote

01:21:50.858 --> 01:21:55.589
in the same platform and with this I am going to enter in the detail

01:21:55.948 --> 01:21:58.898
I do not know how I go about time, I still have,

01:21:59.418 --> 01:22:04.448
I do not want to go over a subject that is that the code is law and here you will understand very well

01:22:04.448 --> 01:22:07.347
because here it is true that it is law

01:22:08.821 --> 01:22:14.961
From February 13 to 19, these two proposals will be voted on in Madrid, one of which is Madrid

01:22:14.961 --> 01:22:20.053
100 percent sustainable and is promoted by the climate alliance. There are 400 organizations

01:22:20.053 --> 01:22:28.393
that include people of all types, trade unions, Catholic Church, Greenpeace

01:22:29.003 --> 01:22:33.047
And is the profile of proposal that gets through a mechanism that has nothing to do

01:22:33.047 --> 01:22:37.759
with free software, nor with the internet, they would have managed to collect the same signatures,

01:22:37.759 --> 01:22:41.399
but if you see the other, only ticket of public transport.

01:22:43.092 --> 01:22:45.847
Proposes that there be a modality of

01:22:45.847 --> 01:22:50.759
public transport that is that with a ticket you can for ninety minutes ride as many times as

01:22:50.759 --> 01:22:55.799
you want in things, to make a trip maybe you catch bus, subway and bus

01:22:55.821 --> 01:23:02.121
or something, this proposal has been put by a specific person, an individual person,

01:23:02.122 --> 01:23:07.612
any one, you have In other debates, it is also very good here because

01:23:07.625 --> 01:23:15.985
in the debates section you have been able to see several debates where you have received very high consensuses,

01:23:16.000 --> 01:23:22.450
here in this debate there are 4,000 people and 95 percent agree that it would be possible

01:23:22.450 --> 01:23:29.266
to change transportation without paying another ticket.
He has made that proposal and fixate that a person

01:23:29.266 --> 01:23:35.007
without having a platform that supports him, through networks openly, has achieved

01:23:35.021 --> 01:23:37.451
to recapture the supports.

01:23:37.977 --> 01:23:44.165
These 2 proposals are put to the vote as I said they are going to vote from 13 to

01:23:44.165 --> 01:23:49.729
February 19 and this is where electronic voting comes into question and this is very important

01:23:49.729 --> 01:23:56.339
because this is where a crucial element comes where it is seen how free software

01:23:56.341 --> 01:24:03.691
is at this point in history at a point where it will shape itself we will have democratic and free societies

01:24:03.691 --> 01:24:09.698
or if we are going to have societies with different forms with authoritarianism

01:24:09.698 --> 01:24:18.046
is an authoritarianism of fascist court, of populist court, of cut capitalist of the court that

01:24:18.046 --> 01:24:21.790
is by means of the use of the technologies to control society.

01:24:22.083 --> 01:24:26.132
Electronic voting, at the moment is something that is in dispute by many giants

01:24:26.132 --> 01:24:32.932
technological, there are large companies some of the largest in the world are Spanish by

01:24:32.932 --> 01:24:38.585
chance who are striving to introduce electronic voting in countries little by little

01:24:39.620 --> 01:24:46.680
what happens is that most of these companies have proprietary software and that means,

01:24:46.680 --> 01:24:53.647
It means that you will not be able to see the code that processes your vote, you will not be able to modify it,

01:24:53.647 --> 01:24:58.962
you will not even be able to see it, you will not be able to check that this process is happening

01:24:58.962 --> 01:25:04.512
as says that independent authority that is happening, so

01:25:10.389 --> 01:25:14.212
this ritual that occurs every time there is an election is that every time the polls open

01:25:14.212 --> 01:25:19.832
and in front of anyone can go to see it and can go to see that count and can verify that on that

01:25:19.838 --> 01:25:27.068
table has come out So that voting does not necessarily translate to electronic voting.

01:25:27.819 --> 01:25:34.799
The solution to this is not so technological we already have the technology to verify that

01:25:34.799 --> 01:25:43.836
electronic voting retains all the properties it requires, secrecy of the vote, verifiability

01:25:43.836 --> 01:25:52.802
of the vote, control of scrutiny, all that already exists by means of cryptographic techniques,

01:25:52.802 --> 01:25:57.921
There are technical solutions so that electronic voting can happen like this and it is well

01:25:57.921 --> 01:26:03.911
implemented in places like Switzerland precisely but we have the political aspect that is or is

01:26:03.922 --> 01:26:09.952
decided from the political power that all the tools that are going to be introduced for

01:26:09.953 --> 01:26:15.963
the democratic area in this regard of the vote are going to be free software or we're going to have

01:26:15.963 --> 01:26:21.232
to rely on that authority because we really will not see cryptographic techniques that

01:26:21.232 --> 01:26:25.912
will guarantee that we will not finally see a manipulation behind.

01:26:28.041 --> 01:26:34.069
Well, they tell me that in time we do not go very well then three things nothing more.

01:26:34.069 --> 01:26:40.829
This mechanism of democracy that we are implementing and thanks to free software is

01:26:40.829 --> 01:26:47.487
spreading all over the world, a little time ago if we had seen that Madrid

01:26:47.490 --> 01:26:53.020
was exporting democracy to Europe the world would have said that was crazy,

01:26:53.023 --> 01:26:54.863
that was never going to happen.

01:26:55.698 --> 01:27:01.921
Is not the panacea this mechanism is not the panacea
But if we know that it is much better for those sites

01:27:01.921 --> 01:27:06.557
where it is working that is much better
that what we have all the politicians,

01:27:06.557 --> 01:27:11.912
they said everything and that there are about 4 politicians and
4 experts who decide on everything.

01:27:11.912 --> 01:27:16.982
We know that this produces better results
It's a question of results.

01:27:18.142 --> 01:27:26.862
Second, emmm this is global, ie this is not a 
thing that is happening here because it seems

01:27:26.864 --> 01:27:31.549
as in Spain has dislocated a little 
politics and then has broken in Podemos

01:27:31.549 --> 01:27:35.754
and then Ciudadanos have risen and then 
there is a thing as well as parliamentary

01:27:35.754 --> 01:27:41.484
it seems that there is change here
This is a global thing, this is happening

01:27:41.484 --> 01:27:47.094
in more than 100 countries I know cases from 
around the world where similar experiences are occurring

01:27:47.094 --> 01:27:51.235
what happens in each place is different,
in each site occur differently

01:27:51.235 --> 01:28:02.095
but there is a common thread that is that citizens
and citizens who did not have 5 years ago

01:28:02.095 --> 01:28:08.066
the intention to change things at the political level
And who did not think of us

01:28:08.066 --> 01:28:12.782
and in a we are going to change things now 
they are saying hey we are in an important moment

01:28:12.782 --> 01:28:18.532
we are playing it and things are really 
happening that require our attention, right?

01:28:18.532 --> 01:28:22.997
And this is happening at the global level, 
we are at a crucial point because

01:28:22.997 --> 01:28:28.147
that will depend on whether we have better or
worse societies and the last is that despite

01:28:28.159 --> 01:28:36.839
that also this from the scenarios so eh
It does not help either already someone has mentioned it

01:28:37.023 --> 01:28:43.623
It is very important to understand that this is not
going to be 4 experts who have decided as to where to go

01:28:43.623 --> 01:28:51.129
free software and where the tools of direct democracy 
have to go and how ... this does not have to go

01:28:51.129 --> 01:28:58.355
of all and all and this implies that you and you can 
get into the repositories of the Madrid tool

01:28:58.355 --> 01:29:06.145
is called the application consul and participate
and that everything we are doing in all

01:29:06.149 --> 01:29:11.229
free software projects and administrations in this regard

01:29:11.229 --> 01:29:19.759
is yours then it is not so much that we 
or "X" or 4 or that Pablo Iglesias on TV discusses

01:29:19.759 --> 01:29:26.349
I do not know who to tell who is right, right? ,
this has to go from that we all get

01:29:26.364 --> 01:29:29.949
the reins of society and you and you are 
at a very important point

01:29:29.949 --> 01:29:34.473
that is the technology and that is going 
to be what I said 7 times but I think

01:29:34.473 --> 01:29:39.004
it is very important to understand that 
we are in one of those pivotal points

01:29:39.004 --> 01:29:46.944
I do not know how to say it, well, a balance point 
where we can go...well, you've seen

01:29:46.944 --> 01:29:52.890
Trump in the USA, right? And the other may 
occur as well as many very different things may occur

01:29:52.890 --> 01:29:57.536
and technology is very important right 
now and it is in your hands.

01:29:57.536 --> 01:29:59.186
Thank you.