0:00:00.326,0:00:04.328
In consolidating power [br]and becoming this dictator,

0:00:04.328,0:00:08.142
pretty much everyone in the party[br]ended up getting pulled into this

0:00:09.032,0:00:11.290
to make room for Stalin to take over.

0:00:11.402,0:00:15.331
So, in 1927, Bukharin[br]testified against Trotsky,

0:00:15.529,0:00:19.095
making accusations [br]of fracturing and factions.

0:00:20.446,0:00:23.646
Bukharin described the party line[br]as the democratic outcome -

0:00:23.646,0:00:25.848
the result of a vote -

0:00:26.167,0:00:30.228
and he said that then has to be enforced[br]in order to maintain unity.

0:00:30.464,0:00:32.295
And so as Bukharin said to Trotsky,

0:00:32.295,0:00:35.085
"Why would the majority choose[br]the party line otherwise

0:00:35.085,0:00:38.021
if it wasn't the right line,[br]the line that we should back?"

0:00:39.925,0:00:44.077
Trotsky lost his responsibilities, [br]including that of War Minister,

0:00:44.077,0:00:46.527
due to his advocacy of Trotskyism,

0:00:46.527,0:00:49.304
which is obviously a belief [br]in his own ideas.

0:00:49.304,0:00:51.318
He relinquished control without a fight,

0:00:51.318,0:00:54.122
seeing that he agreed, in general,

0:00:54.122,0:00:56.788
that everyone in the party[br]had to follow the party line

0:00:56.788,0:00:58.147
in order to lead the people,

0:00:58.147,0:01:01.826
that this was the right and utopian thing[br]as they moved toward socialism.

0:01:01.826,0:01:06.547
So he gave up without a fight,[br]and he was later exiled and then killed.

0:01:08.161,0:01:09.537
A decade later,

0:01:09.537,0:01:15.047
it was Bukharin who was on trial in 1938[br]and finally executed.

0:01:15.047,0:01:17.758
Transcriber: Michel Smits[br]Reviewer: Maurício Kakuei Tanaka