[Script Info]
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[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.37,0:00:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Tonight's lecture is part of a published lecture series on women in leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.01,0:00:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an ongoing program, as you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.75,0:00:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was designed to showcase
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.26,0:00:24.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prominent and successful women in leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.86,0:00:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in leadership positions, actually.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.29,0:00:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In an effort to motivate\Nthe next generation of women leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.89,0:00:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We launched this last year,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.55,0:00:39.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the series aims to bring
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.53,0:00:41.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,distinguished women researchers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.81,0:00:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scholars and leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.20,0:00:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in science, engineering, and business,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.25,0:00:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to share their experiences
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.41,0:00:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Stevens community,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.94,0:00:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and since we're videotaping this,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.78,0:00:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beyond the Stevens community.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.55,0:00:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The thought is to inspire community.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.33,0:01:03.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To inspire not only our female faculty and students,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.06,0:01:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the entire community.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.23,0:01:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is important, because if you --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.47,0:01:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see, these are the things\NI'm going to be mentioning --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.27,0:01:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're not doing such a great job
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.67,0:01:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in having women in STEM positions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.94,0:01:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is relevant today, this topic of STEM.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.78,0:01:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Despite our awareness of how important STEM fields are for our future,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.78,0:01:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we can call upon numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.12,0:01:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as 80% to 85%, depending on who you listen to,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.64,0:01:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our GDP depends directly -- \Ndirectly -- is related to technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.53,0:01:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you look at the number of people that produce the technology, it's less than 4%
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.15,0:01:58.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the workforce in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.03,0:02:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the importance of technology and STEM education is extremely important.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.62,0:02:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you've seen, a couple weeks ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.50,0:02:12.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the New York Times Magazine published an article,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.66,0:02:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the title was:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.53,0:02:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why Are There Still So Few Women In Science?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.70,0:02:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if you've seen it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.12,0:02:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.91,0:02:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> There's a very dramatic picture in front.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.08,0:02:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The picture -- which essentially -- a 1927 picture,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.42,0:02:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was taken on the occasion of a Solvay Conference on physics,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.94,0:02:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which brought up 29 prominent scientists,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.04,0:02:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physicists, 17 of whom either had \Nor were about to get -- I think it was -- a Nobel Prize.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.84,0:03:05.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and only one out of the 29 was a woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.45,0:03:09.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And those of you that read the article, probably --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.13,0:03:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who do you think it was?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.92,0:03:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anybody?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.71,0:03:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Marie Curie.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.85,0:03:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Right.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.70,0:03:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.99,0:03:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, current data \Ndo not paint any better a picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.62,0:03:28.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A recent study by the \NNational Science And Math Initiative
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.87,0:03:35.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revealed that only 30% of Bachelor degrees \Nin engineering are held by women.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.89,0:03:40.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,23% of workers in STEM-related jobs are women,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.89,0:03:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite the fact that they make up \N48% of the workforce.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.23,0:03:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the higher you go up the corporate ladder,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.64,0:03:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the less and the lower those percentages become.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.06,0:03:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to another report by the National Center \Nof Women In information Technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.60,0:04:03.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women hold just 9% of the IT management positions,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.73,0:04:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and account for only 14% of the senior management positions in Silicon Valley, the startup world.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.89,0:04:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All told, it's more imperative than ever now
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.98,0:04:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we provide a forum to showcase the accomplishments of women leaders in this field,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.64,0:04:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we hope that others will inspire us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.59,0:04:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and will inspire the next generation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.98,0:04:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm confident that it is because of the efforts\Nof women like Valerie Aurora,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.73,0:04:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have with us today,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.39,0:04:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this goal will be achieved.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.89,0:04:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as many of you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.56,0:04:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Valerie is with us today as a keynote speaker
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.25,0:04:51.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the daylong conference organized by \Nthe College of Arts and Letters,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.97,0:04:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was devoted to celebrating\Nthe accomplishments of Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.85,0:05:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a truly remarkable woman of her own right.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.91,0:05:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada is considered to be the very first\Ncomputer programmer,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.36,0:05:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said to be the inspiration behind
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.83,0:05:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much of the computer technology that has\Nbecome a routine for us today.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.62,0:05:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ms. Aurora has drawn inspiration
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.23,0:05:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the life and works of Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.60,0:05:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in founding The Ada Initiative,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.41,0:05:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a not-for-profit organization that seeks
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.98,0:05:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to increase the participation of women in open technology and to advance women's literacy
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.36,0:05:40.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the technology sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.70,0:05:44.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, The Ada Initiative reaches 2 million leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.59,0:05:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and emerging professionals in the tech sector and related fields, through various outreach efforts,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.40,0:05:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have been supported in part by Google, Mozilla, Microsoft, Bloomberg,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.29,0:06:00.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Linux Foundation, and Twitter.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.95,0:06:04.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition to serving as the Executive Director \Nof the Ada initiative,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.18,0:06:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Valerie has also invented \Nseveral new file system concepts,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.68,0:06:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including relative datetime and power saving features in file systems widely used in Linux, Mac OS X,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.13,0:06:25.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solaris, and OpenBSD.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.70,0:06:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She served as senior software engineer at IBM, Intel...\NIBM, Intel, and Sun Microsystems,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.55,0:06:36.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were in California for some time.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.13,0:06:40.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And currently serves as a consultant and\Nsenior software engineer at Red Hat,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.93,0:06:45.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the leading global provider \Nof Open Source solutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.76,0:06:56.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2011, Feminomics listed Aurora as number three amongst the top 50 women to watch in technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.61,0:07:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 2012, SC Magazine named her one of the most influential people in computer security.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.84,0:07:08.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She holds a double degree in computer science and mathematics from the New Mexico Institute
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.59,0:07:11.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Mining and Technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.14,0:07:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and continues to inspire women across the globe
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.87,0:07:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to study these disciplines and apply them\Nin a creative and impactful way.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.88,0:07:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm really thankful for the organizers of the conference for having captured Valerie
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.78,0:07:32.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and brought her here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.17,0:07:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm thankful to her for being willing to spend some time with us this evening.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.46,0:07:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To give us a flavor of what it is\Nto be a woman in leadership,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.64,0:07:55.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what it is to inspire others \Nto go into STEM fields.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.55,0:07:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So with that, Valerie, thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.31,0:08:05.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.53,0:08:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Thank you so much for the very \Nflattering introduction.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.42,0:08:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I forgot I used to do those things.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.78,0:08:13.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to make one quick correction.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.94,0:08:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was amazingly correct for an introduction.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.87,0:08:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't currently work at Red Hat anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.76,0:08:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Initiative is my full-time job.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.28,0:08:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Red Hat -- great company.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.76,0:08:25.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yes, I am super excited to be here.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.31,0:08:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was not at all difficult to capture me.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.07,0:08:30.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace has been a long time interest of mine,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.07,0:08:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was just so excited to even get to attend \Nthis conference, much less get to speak at it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.92,0:08:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thank you, Robin Hammerman,\Nand everyone who made this possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.28,0:08:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm going to talk today
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.39,0:08:44.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about rebooting the Ada Lovelace mythos.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.03,0:08:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll talk quickly about my non-profit first.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.83,0:08:52.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We -- The Ada Initiative, named after Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.47,0:08:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a non-profit dedicated to supporting
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.30,0:09:01.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and increasing the participation \Nof women in open technology and culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.47,0:09:03.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that includes Open Source software,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.30,0:09:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what's behind most of the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.84,0:09:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of Google, most of Facebook.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.41,0:09:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you've ever used Firefox,\Nthat's all Open Source software.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.30,0:09:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I co-founded The Ada Initiative in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.71,0:09:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a friend of mine was groped for the third time in one year at an Open Source software conference.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.38,0:09:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just had it, and that's what I needed to do
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.57,0:09:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change things and make the industry \Nbetter for women.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.52,0:09:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Ada Initiative has several lead projects.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.69,0:09:39.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Probably the most famous is the conference antiharassment policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.15,0:09:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is my solution to this kind of\Nphysical assault, but also, like, pornography
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.17,0:09:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sexist jokes that were common in our field,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.54,0:09:49.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which many people just react to and say --\Nthat's unthinkable,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.25,0:09:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that was how things were in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.98,0:09:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and still are in many other fields.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.49,0:09:57.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've also done the AdaCamp unconference,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.67,0:09:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for women in open technology and culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.72,0:10:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's incredibly fun.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.96,0:10:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get women together from \Nthe Open Library Technology Movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.52,0:10:10.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Wikipedia, from open hardware,\Nbuilding little blinking lights into your jackets,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.87,0:10:12.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and things like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.24,0:10:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really fun.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.21,0:10:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we do training as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.90,0:10:17.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're supported almost entirely \Nby individual donations.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.35,0:10:20.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The conference sponsorships\Nonly go so far.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.05,0:10:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can support us yourself,\Nif you'd like.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.95,0:10:25.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right. I've done that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.08,0:10:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I get to talk about Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.69,0:10:29.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the very short version --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.97,0:10:31.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a little ironic,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.79,0:10:34.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because half of you have spent the day\Nlearning all about Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.39,0:10:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and half of you may have never heard of her before.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.99,0:10:38.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there will be a lot of review,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.77,0:10:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I'll try to make it interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.87,0:10:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she wrote the world's first \Ncomputer program in 1843.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.24,0:10:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, that's 1843.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.50,0:10:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's 160 years ago?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.98,0:10:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was written for a computer that didn't exist\Nand was not built,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.56,0:10:55.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was still a computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.100,0:10:59.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was known during her lifetime,\Nand even today,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.18,0:11:04.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mostly as the only legitimate daughter\Nof the poet Lord Byron,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.23,0:11:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she died at age 36,\Nafter a very painful illness,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.37,0:11:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cutting off a promising career.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.65,0:11:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's a lot of people who like to imagine --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.54,0:11:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if she had lived, perhaps the computer age\Nwould have started in 1850,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.58,0:11:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of 1950.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.74,0:11:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's sort of -- you can see why a myth built up around this amazing person.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.66,0:11:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the questions I wanted to explore for this talk\Nwere to first talk about what are the stories we tell,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.89,0:11:35.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is the mythos today, about Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.16,0:11:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what are the effects of those stories\Non our society today,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.90,0:11:41.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the people around us and our technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.100,0:11:46.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what new stories could we tell,\Nthat had better effects?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.03,0:11:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's what to expect in the talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.16,0:11:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you aren't wondering where things are going.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.64,0:11:56.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to start out with a cast of characters.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.16,0:11:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who are important \Nin the Ada Lovelace myth.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.32,0:12:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to give a --\Nhopefully a rather brief biography of Ada,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.50,0:12:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but covering the important points that come out\Nin the various versions of the stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.47,0:12:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm going to talk about how Ada was viewed\Nthrough history.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.08,0:12:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not just the different ways she's viewed today,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.75,0:12:15.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but how her reputation changed and evolved,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.83,0:12:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as time went by.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.08,0:12:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I'm going to talk about my ideas \Nfor new stories to tell.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.81,0:12:24.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And hopefully you can bring your own.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.100,0:12:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, to start out with the obvious person,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.08,0:12:32.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most famous person in this story\Nis Ada's father,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.38,0:12:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the poet, Lord Byron, George Gordon.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.48,0:12:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was wildly famous in his lifetime.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.75,0:12:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Often considered to be the most famous person\Nin Europe, up to that point in time.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.58,0:12:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sort of like a rock star, basically.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.32,0:12:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The flip side -- and I'm going to make\Nsome Byron fans angry, possibly --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.25,0:12:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that, even by the standards of his time,\NLord Byron was a violent, abusive,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.01,0:12:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,serial sexual predator.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.33,0:13:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he came from a long line of people\Nsimilar to him.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.28,0:13:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His father was called Mad Jack.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.50,0:13:07.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His great uncle was called The Wicked Lord.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.08,0:13:08.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, I couldn't find a picture of him.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.51,0:13:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For doing things like shooting his coachman,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.62,0:13:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and throwing the body on his wife in the carriage,\Nand driving home.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.42,0:13:18.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And because, at the time, he was a nobleman,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.57,0:13:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he wasn't actually punished for this.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.30,0:13:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Byron himself was famously described as \N"mad, bad, and dangerous to know".
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.66,0:13:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I just want to note --
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.08,0:13:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can appreciate his poetry,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.02,0:13:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while also acknowledging\Nthat he was kind of a terrible human.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.03,0:13:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he died at age 36,\Nof illness, far from home,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.58,0:13:37.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cut off an amazing career.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.43,0:13:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was only partway through\Nmany fantastic works of poetry,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.10,0:13:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are all the worse for this.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.16,0:13:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada's mother is an interesting person as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.99,0:13:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A little less famous,\Nbut just as strong a personality, I believe.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.06,0:13:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her name is Anne Isabella Milbanke,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.25,0:14:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often known as Annabella.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.17,0:14:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was minor nobility,\Nand the strong, independent daughter
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.76,0:14:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a strong, independent mother.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.23,0:14:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Byron used to call her\Nthe Princess of Parallelograms, here.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.10,0:14:14.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was very interested in mathematics,\Nand had that sort of rational, logical mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.34,0:14:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or at least expressed herself that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.76,0:14:19.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think this was a compliment, personally.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.24,0:14:23.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can read some of his poetry and find out.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.55,0:14:27.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Byron left after only a month\Ninto their marriage,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.94,0:14:32.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Annabella got really tired\Nof all the abuse, and separated.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.43,0:14:37.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Byron didn't see Ada again\Nafter she was about a month old,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.67,0:14:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Annabella put a lot of effort into raising Ada,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.26,0:14:44.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to try to reduce these\Npoetical tendencies,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:44.57,0:14:46.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what they called it.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.63,0:14:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You look at the family history.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.96,0:14:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's -- yeah, you can see\Nwhy she was so nervous.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.08,0:14:53.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So our final character is Charles Babbage,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.76,0:14:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was a really famous inventor,\Nmathematician, engineer.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.34,0:15:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That just covers a few of his careers.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.78,0:15:05.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who was famous in his own time,\Nbut also was famous for a number --
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.44,0:15:06.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was a character.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.39,0:15:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was known for his hatred of street music.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.12,0:15:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which -- I don't know if you've ever heard the joke\Nabout paying the violinist to go away from your table.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.06,0:15:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what street music was in London.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.47,0:15:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Victorian London.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.76,0:15:23.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He designed but never built\Nthe world's first general purpose computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.76,0:15:29.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that conforms to our modern definition\Nof a general purpose computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.41,0:15:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can do anything any other computer can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.26,0:15:37.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are models of parts of this computer,\Ncalled the Analytical Engine.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.13,0:15:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He designed it in the 1830s.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.67,0:15:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Ada and Babbage met\Nwhen she was 17 and he was 41.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.05,0:15:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they continued as good, close personal friends
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.65,0:15:54.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and scientific collaborators\Nfor nearly 20 years, until her death.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.43,0:15:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do not...
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.12,0:15:58.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, that does make sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.43,0:15:59.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Ada.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.43,0:16:01.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get to talk about Ada.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.13,0:16:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So her full name was Augusta Ada Byron,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.57,0:16:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when she married William King,\Nshe became Augusta Ada Byron King,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.34,0:16:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and later became the Countess of Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.48,0:16:13.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But strangely, we have this modern construction\Nof her name as Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.17,0:16:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not quite sure how that came about,\Nbut that's who people are talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.68,0:16:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During her lifetime,\Nshe was known primarily
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.23,0:16:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Lord Byron's daughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.90,0:16:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how I like to give an idea\Nof what her life was like.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.42,0:16:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Kurt Cobain and Courtney Love,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.73,0:16:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both famous, famous rock stars,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.30,0:16:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have one daughter, Frances Bean Cobain.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.40,0:16:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He kills himself very early on.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.87,0:16:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the interesting thing\Nabout Frances Bean
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.67,0:16:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that Frances Bean --\NI was trying to find a picture of her,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.21,0:16:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she has succeeded --\Ngood for her --
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.07,0:16:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in not having a single photograph of her\Nin the public domain.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:50.30,0:16:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's trying really hard to protect\Nher privacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.88,0:16:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can see why.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.85,0:17:06.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's trying to define her own life,\Nand her own personality as an artist.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.66,0:17:13.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she recently did a display\Nof her visual art.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.10,0:17:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's a visual artist.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:14.22,0:17:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Under a pseudonym,\Nand it was later on discovered.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.64,0:17:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this has an interesting parallel with Ada,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.88,0:17:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that she published --\Nshe was very concerned about putting her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.72,0:17:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on any of her scientific work or publications,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.74,0:17:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can see why.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.81,0:17:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's a panel from Sydney Padua's\NAdventures of Lovelace and Babbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:30.86,0:17:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sydney, raise your hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.68,0:17:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a fantastic comic\Nabout Ada Lovelace's --
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.75,0:17:38.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a fictionalized version\Nof Lovelace and Babbage's collaboration.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.97,0:17:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is a really perfect summary\Nof Lady Byron's plan
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.31,0:17:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep Ada from going nuts\Nand shooting her way across Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.12,0:17:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she decided she would teach her mathematics,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.78,0:17:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to counteract the poetical influences,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.14,0:17:59.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is how Byron referred to his tendency\Nto be a terrible person.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.22,0:18:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the interesting thing about this is that,\Nat the same time she fulfilled
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.48,0:18:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of the normal standards for women of her time\Nand her position,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.61,0:18:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she had many, many, many other interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.22,0:18:13.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including music, and specifically playing the harp.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.57,0:18:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wanted to build a flying machine,\Nusing steam engines,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.69,0:18:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and studying birds to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.84,0:18:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And an interesting thing I love --
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.90,0:18:23.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she loved horseback riding,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.67,0:18:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was considered good for her health.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.50,0:18:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a picture of her daughter,\NLady Anne Blunt,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.43,0:18:33.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who dressed up as a Bedouin\Nand traveled across Northern Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:18:33.37,0:18:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with her husband, and it was, you know,\Nthe late 19th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.42,0:18:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ended up founding the most influential\NArabian horse stud,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.32,0:18:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outside of Saudi Arabia.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.56,0:18:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she's a very, very interesting person.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.92,0:18:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Along with Ada.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.42,0:18:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So luckily for Ada,\Nhaving such a scientific and curious mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.46,0:19:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amateur science was very in, at the time,\Nin her society.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.00,0:19:04.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so she went to a lot of salons and parties,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.09,0:19:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where she met people like Charles Babbage,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.48,0:19:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mary Somerville,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.15,0:19:12.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many other of these amateur scientists,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.24,0:19:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose names are in the history books these days.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.21,0:19:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she followed the proper path,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.90,0:19:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got married at age 19,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.38,0:19:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had three children.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.64,0:19:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her husband became the Earl of Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.75,0:19:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which made her the Countess of Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.75,0:19:31.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she -- during the time she was having\Nthree children in about three years,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.46,0:19:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she wasn't able to follow her studies much,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.02,0:19:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but kept them up.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.57,0:19:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once she was an adult,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:37.03,0:19:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and able to decide what she wanted to study,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.49,0:19:40.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she continued with mathematics,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:40.80,0:19:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and found some really good tutors.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.81,0:19:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In particular, Augustus De Morgan,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:45.02,0:19:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who you may be familiar, from your logic and algebra classes, as the namesake of De Morgan's law.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.82,0:19:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was an incredible mathematician,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.35,0:19:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had an extraordinarily high,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.45,0:19:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and probably justified opinion\Nof Ada Lovelace's potential.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.99,0:20:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Ada is looking for something to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.59,0:20:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at the suggestion of another scientist --
Dialogue: 0,0:20:07.93,0:20:09.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's Wheatstone's first name?
Dialogue: 0,0:20:09.100,0:20:11.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Charles.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.49,0:20:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Charles Wheatstone.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.58,0:20:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Decides to translate \Na paper someone else has written,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:15.62,0:20:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about Babbage's Analytical Engine.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:17.71,0:20:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think this is interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.21,0:20:23.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was too humble to actually write\Nher own paper, so --
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.39,0:20:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oh, I know, I'll translate.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.74,0:20:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a very common thing\Nfor women in science at the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.71,0:20:31.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's an interesting note on the man\Nwho wrote the paper,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.14,0:20:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Luigi Menabrea.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:33.18,0:20:36.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He ended up becoming \Nthe Prime Minister of Italy.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:36.23,0:20:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the connection between computers\Nand wealth and power, I think,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.21,0:20:41.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was already in effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.09,0:20:46.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yeah,\Nwhen she sent the paper to Babbage
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.03,0:20:48.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for his approval, he said --
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.23,0:20:49.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why didn't you write your own paper?
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.81,0:20:51.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would you like to add some notes?
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.83,0:20:56.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada said sure, and thus was born \Nthe world's first computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:56.23,0:20:59.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's hard to read, because it's very small writing,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:59.21,0:21:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's very large and complicated.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:01.32,0:21:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she ended up writing a program\Nto calculate something called the Bernoulli numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.98,0:21:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are an extremely complex, difficult series,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:09.27,0:21:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with great implications for science and mathematics.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:12.34,0:21:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the first published computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.12,0:21:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I just want to give a brief summary of the controversy over the first programmer title.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:24.29,0:21:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll go over the change in public opinion\Nabout whether she was the first
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.19,0:21:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computer programmer in more detail,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.35,0:21:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but here's sort of the base facts behind it,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.86,0:21:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as filtered through my feminist consciousness.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:37.09,0:21:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Babbage did obviously write\Nsimple programs first,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.32,0:21:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he was designing this machine,\Nand needed to figure out what it would do.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:44.96,0:21:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wasn't actually super interested \Nin doing stuff with the machine.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.96,0:21:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was more interested in the machine itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.55,0:21:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so there are a number of very simple \Nprograms in his notes.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.07,0:21:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Bernoulli numbers program\Nwas definitely the most complicated program
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.46,0:21:58.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written at that time.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.71,0:22:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're calling a computer program\Na series of instructions
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.02,0:22:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a machine to carry out.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:04.16,0:22:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The evidence is -- the contemporary evidence \Nis very strong that Ada actually wrote this.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:08.96,0:22:10.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a bunch of letters.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:10.59,0:22:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Babbage makes a comment in his autobiography
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.99,0:22:16.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's often misinterpreted\Nto mean he wrote it,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:16.77,0:22:18.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it really says that she wrote it.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.83,0:22:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there's the fact that's normally\Nvery important in science,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.59,0:22:26.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is that Ada published it first.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.38,0:22:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's usually how you establish priority.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:29.08,0:22:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in addition to that,\Nboth Babbage and everyone who knew them
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.30,0:22:37.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and everyone who reads their papers\Nagrees that Ada had a much deeper
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.80,0:22:41.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more complex understanding of the potential\Nof computer programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.100,0:22:42.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as far as I'm concerned,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:42.97,0:22:45.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada is definitely for sure\Nthe first computer programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:45.96,0:22:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, about this time,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:48.72,0:22:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada also started to become\Nmentally and physically ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.21,0:22:56.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She -- retroactive historical diagnoses,\Nfor what they're worth,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.89,0:22:59.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she probably had uterine cancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.18,0:23:02.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She probably was bipolar,\Nalso known as manic depressive.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.97,0:23:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She began taking laudanum\Nand pot, and using Mesmerists,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:06.80,0:23:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hypnotism, to control the pain and the mania.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.99,0:23:17.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's around this time as well\Nshe began gambling,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:17.52,0:23:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which actually meant betting on the horses.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.33,0:23:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not super unusual.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:20.43,0:23:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And was probably unfaithful to her husband,\Nalthough a lot of the letters
Dialogue: 0,0:23:24.43,0:23:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from that time are destroyed.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.72,0:23:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I can say for sure is that,\Nwhen she told her husband what she had done
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.90,0:23:31.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on her deathbed,\Nhe refused to speak to her again,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.85,0:23:33.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until her death.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:33.42,0:23:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think it was probably pretty bad, for the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.13,0:23:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a portrait taken of her\Nshortly before her death.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.64,0:23:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The full size one\Nyou can see pretty clearly --
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.63,0:23:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's dying.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.21,0:23:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was pretty heartbreaking.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.59,0:23:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She died at age 36,\Nthe same age at her father,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:50.53,0:23:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and oh, when you read her letters,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.66,0:23:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's constantly writing about how\Nshe needs to take it carefully,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:57.39,0:24:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,develop her genius slowly,\Nbuild up a body of work piece by piece,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.91,0:24:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when really she was this incredible intuitive thinker
Dialogue: 0,0:24:05.18,0:24:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who came up with groundbreaking ideas\Nwhile writing footnotes,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:10.14,0:24:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literal footnotes, to somebody else's paper.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:12.64,0:24:13.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.33,0:24:16.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you want to go back in time\Nand just say -- just write it.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.32,0:24:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just write it.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.14,0:24:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Forget about what everyone else thinks.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.16,0:24:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just do your work.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:20.49,0:24:24.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Carpe diem, everyone here.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:24.14,0:24:26.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do it now.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.13,0:24:29.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wrote my first published paper\Nwhen I was 24,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:29.21,0:24:30.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not in grad school or anything,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:30.43,0:24:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I didn't know you weren't supposed to.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.33,0:24:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just go ahead and do it,\Nis my view.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.74,0:24:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay. So that's the basic sort of\Nattempting to be pretty objective
Dialogue: 0,0:24:40.14,0:24:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace story.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.90,0:24:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how was Ada Lovelace viewed \Nthroughout history?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.69,0:24:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can start with the obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.30,0:24:48.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Byron's daughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.85,0:24:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like, here's Ada down here.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.64,0:24:52.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was, like, basically her whole life.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.99,0:24:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This famous rock star person.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:56.82,0:24:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:24:58.22,0:25:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in the initial call for papers for this conference,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.56,0:25:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Robin, I hope you don't mind me calling this out --
Dialogue: 0,0:25:03.10,0:25:08.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was described as --\Nthe conference about the achievements and legacies
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.50,0:25:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the poet Lord Byron's only known\Nlegitimate child, Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:12.89,0:25:17.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's definitely the thing that hung over her,\Nher entire life.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:17.01,0:25:22.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1833, she started to get\Na little bit of a different reputation,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:22.85,0:25:26.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was part of this amateur science scene\Nthat was going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:26.22,0:25:29.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People noticed that she understood\Nwhat Babbage was saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.09,0:25:30.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because nobody else did.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.79,0:25:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they were still --\Nwhen they would write letters,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.06,0:25:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they got home,\Nthey would talk about how much Ada
Dialogue: 0,0:25:36.54,0:25:38.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did or didn't resemble Byron.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.35,0:25:39.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that was...
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.54,0:25:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was smart Byron's daughter,\Nat that point.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:43.44,0:25:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1838, she got a different --\Na little extra addition.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.04,0:25:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Countess of Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:48.09,0:25:50.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than Lady King.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.93,0:25:55.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1843, the notes to the translation,\Nthis first computer program,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:55.08,0:25:59.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were published under just her initials, actually.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:59.84,0:26:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even her misspelled initials.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.52,0:26:05.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Babbage couldn't keep the secret entirely,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.54,0:26:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let Menabrea know\Nthat actually it was Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:08.43,0:26:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a few people knew.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:10.56,0:26:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1845, she discovered\Nthat she was too immoral for the library.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.47,0:26:19.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this was a picture of the Royal Society Library.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.83,0:26:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wanted to get in,\Nso she could read books on mathematics,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.04,0:26:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and things like that,\Nand she was advised
Dialogue: 0,0:26:24.23,0:26:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the word of her infidelity had gotten out,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:26.95,0:26:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she was not suited\Nto go read books in this building.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:31.17,0:26:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very much a thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.46,0:26:35.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's one way to find out.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:35.35,0:26:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hey, I'd like to check out this book.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:36.62,0:26:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, sorry, we know you're having --\Nyou're sleeping with so and so.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:39.26,0:26:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What?
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.59,0:26:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:26:41.71,0:26:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1848, she was publicly acknowledged\Nas the author of the notes.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.08,0:26:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one really cared.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.57,0:26:51.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1852, she dies,\Nand now she is Byron's dead daughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.31,0:26:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.12,0:27:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was in with -- yeah,\Nthe second sentence, after saying where she died.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:03.97,0:27:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was the only daughter of Lord Byron.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:05.96,0:27:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There you go.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:06.80,0:27:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blah-blah-blah, and then she was married\Nto some people and stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:09.01,0:27:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they had babies,\Nand then it says she was distinguished
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.92,0:27:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the strength of her intellect.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:13.58,0:27:15.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So people noticed she was smart, at least.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:15.71,0:27:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's kind of what she gets.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.09,0:27:18.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's all she gets in her biography.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:18.94,0:27:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lady Byron was kind of a mean person,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:23.95,0:27:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and spent a lot of time making sure\Neveryone knew about Ada's faults and mistakes,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.75,0:27:30.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting around the time of her death.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.91,0:27:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure what her deal was,\Nbut there you go.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.66,0:27:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1864, Babbage wrote his autobiography,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.12,0:27:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in it, he has a very few mentions of her.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:42.18,0:27:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, there's this sense\Nthat proper women shouldn't appear in public at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.90,0:27:50.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Appear in the papers when you're born, \Nwhen you're married, and when you died.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:50.73,0:27:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the most part,\Nshe succeeded in that.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.44,0:27:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Babbage mentions her,\Npraises her,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.65,0:27:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talks about some of the work she's done.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:57.34,0:28:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure how many people\Nread all the way through his autobiography.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:00.54,0:28:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there you go.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.08,0:28:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's -- then we have about a century\Nof crickets, you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:08.09,0:28:09.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not much going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:09.13,0:28:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are a few of the minor mentions\NI could find here and there.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.96,0:28:15.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1889, the notes were reprinted.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.46,0:28:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1905, she has a literal footnote\Nin the history of calculating machines,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.42,0:28:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Maurice d'Ocagne.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:23.22,0:28:25.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I kept meaning to look up\Nhow to say that, but I never did.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:25.70,0:28:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1932, she's mentioned in \Nthe MIT Technology Review.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.16,0:28:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was unable to find out what they said,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.25,0:28:36.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the MIT Technology Review's paywall\Nwas not functioning,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:36.15,0:28:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I could not give them $9.99 to read this paper.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:39.92,0:28:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.13,0:28:42.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Common.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:42.95,0:28:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 1950 is where the general public\Nbegins to learn about Lovelace again,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:48.09,0:28:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through Alan Turing,\Nwho is a famous computer science pioneer,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.20,0:28:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and worked -- was a key part \Nof winning World War II.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.84,0:29:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Alan is very interested in machine intelligence,\Nartificial intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.05,0:29:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he writes about the objections to this.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:05.28,0:29:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he calls one of them Lady Lovelace's objection.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.25,0:29:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which I think is totally unfair,\Nbecause he completely misinterprets
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.28,0:29:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what she's trying to say,\Non purpose, to make a point.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.78,0:29:20.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In her notes, Lovelace is trying to counteract\Nthis idea at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.40,0:29:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people were like -- whoa, this thing\Njust calculated the answer to 3 + 2.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:24.69,0:29:26.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It must be living!
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.17,0:29:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, there was a famous question.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:28.42,0:29:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if I tell it the wrong question?
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.75,0:29:32.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will it still give me the right answer?
Dialogue: 0,0:29:32.38,0:29:33.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, people had no idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.87,0:29:35.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she was trying to explain --
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.15,0:29:38.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these machines can only do\Nwhat you tell them to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:38.01,0:29:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody still has to come up\Nwith the problem, encode it,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:40.62,0:29:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stick it in the machine.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.89,0:29:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Turing interpreted this as --\Nmachines can never surprise you.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:44.94,0:29:47.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like, well, no,\Nthat's not what she was saying.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:47.05,0:29:52.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the question of artificial intelligence\Nis still alive today, of course.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:52.13,0:29:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But yeah, at least Turing got her name\Nback in circulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.09,0:29:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have no idea\Nhow he became aware of her.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.03,0:29:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it was a thing,\Nand everyone passed around the notes
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.34,0:30:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Cambridge or something.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:00.81,0:30:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd love to find that out.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:02.50,0:30:07.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in 1953,\Nsomebody finally uses the words
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.23,0:30:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"first computer program".
Dialogue: 0,0:30:08.94,0:30:11.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is Bertram Bowden,\Nin Faster Than Thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.56,0:30:14.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is this hilarious attempt\Nto write a history of computing machines
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.79,0:30:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1953,\Nand he makes this comment of --
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.59,0:30:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thank you so much to my printers\Nfor the fact that things are changing so quickly,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.28,0:30:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have to make corrections\Nbetween each proof,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.96,0:30:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because stuff was being updated so quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:30.53,0:30:34.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in this, he says:\N"Lady Lovelace had undoubtedly
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.10,0:30:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a profound understanding of the principles of the machine," et cetera, and then wrote:
Dialogue: 0,0:30:39.00,0:30:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Including what we should now call a program\Nfor computing the Bernoulli numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.70,0:30:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a very sophisticated method."
Dialogue: 0,0:30:45.71,0:30:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's the first time I can really say --\Nfind someone who's not calling her
Dialogue: 0,0:30:48.38,0:30:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Babbage's interpreter,\Nor explaining that stuff real good now.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:53.55,0:30:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's -- she wrote a computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:55.95,0:31:01.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 1972, Isaac Azimov,\Nyou know, famous science fiction writer,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:01.58,0:31:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and science writer,\Ncalls her the Mother of Computers.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.29,0:31:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:05.41,0:31:06.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would call it the Mother of Programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.89,0:31:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, you know, these things\Nare not terribly well distinguished at the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.76,0:31:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1976, the first book-length biography comes out,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:13.24,0:31:16.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a historian and fashion model,\NDorothy Langley Moore,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.61,0:31:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I think is a cool combination.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:18.31,0:31:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't actually get a copy,\Nbut there's a couple of articles
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.36,0:31:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written for a women's mathematics newsletter,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.78,0:31:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which used the words "first computer programmer".
Dialogue: 0,0:31:29.15,0:31:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also talked about her gambling,\Nand things like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.56,0:31:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as far as I can tell,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.86,0:31:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1976 is the time when people said\N"first computer programmer",
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.65,0:31:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not just the first computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:39.32,0:31:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yeah, it only took...
Dialogue: 0,0:31:40.94,0:31:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,133 years\Nfor people to come to this point.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:47.20,0:31:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's 133 years of Lovelace not being \Nthe first computer programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.24,0:31:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being Byron's daughter,\Nbeing someone who explained Babbage pretty well.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:55.29,0:31:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then that's when that finally happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.74,0:32:02.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 1980 is when the Department of Defense\Nissued a new language standard,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.66,0:32:06.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and named it Ada,\Nin honor of Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:06.07,0:32:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an Ada language computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:08.52,0:32:13.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the parts they skipped\Nin my resume for the introduction
Dialogue: 0,0:32:13.07,0:32:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that I wrote Ada programs for a living,\Nfor six months, straight out of college.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:18.40,0:32:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't recommend it.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.50,0:32:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a really unpleasant language.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.14,0:32:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But naming her -- naming the language after her\Nshows the regard she was held in at that time.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:27.45,0:32:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least by the United States \NDepartment of Defense.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:30.51,0:32:36.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so in 1985, Dorothy Stein --\Nyou can barely see this.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:36.07,0:32:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The cover is deathly black,\Nand I think that reflects the opinions of the author.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:40.02,0:32:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1995, Dorothy Stein published\Nthe second book-length biography
Dialogue: 0,0:32:45.40,0:32:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Ada Lovelace, that I'm aware of.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:47.48,0:32:52.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which -- she presents her\Nas mad, bad, and moderately smart.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.18,0:32:59.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Dorothy Stein really had some kind of issues\Nwith Ada Lovelace.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.95,0:33:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure what.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:00.92,0:33:07.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even Dorothy Stein still acknowledged\Nthat Ada wrote that first computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.05,0:33:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She just thought that she was a terrible person.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:08.56,0:33:10.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:10.22,0:33:16.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1986, there's a very short book\Nabout Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.01,0:33:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and mostly her work, which is nice.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:18.26,0:33:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it must have been a response\Nto Stein, based on the forward.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:22.10,0:33:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like "Recently,\Nsome people have said..."
Dialogue: 0,0:33:24.67,0:33:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually a pretty nice work,\Nespecially if you're interested
Dialogue: 0,0:33:28.40,0:33:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in computer programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:30.08,0:33:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she's portrayed\Nas a complex, whole, flawed person,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.34,0:33:35.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who did some good work as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.49,0:33:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So... Unfortunately, it's not very popular.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.21,0:33:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really enjoyed reading it, but...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.14,0:33:41.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, so now we get into the wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:41.91,0:33:42.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The full wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.93,0:33:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, Stein was not that great, but wow.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.18,0:33:48.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1990, Alan G. Bromley,\Na respected computer historian,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:48.95,0:33:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrote an article in...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:50.46,0:33:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In which he outright denies\Nthat she's the first computer programmer,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.48,0:33:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,besides saying, of course,\Nshe's arrogant and deluded,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.72,0:33:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all these things.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:57.74,0:34:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While, at the same time,\Nbecause their letters are so clear,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.41,0:34:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even he couldn't deny this.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:03.82,0:34:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says that she caught a bug\Nin the program that Babbage wrote.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.04,0:34:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's this saying that's common\Namong computer scientists.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:10.82,0:34:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That, if you write a computer program,\Nthat's the very most complicated one you can write.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.69,0:34:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You aren't smart enough to debug it.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.27,0:34:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's more difficult to debug a computer program\Nthan it is to write it in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:24.97,0:34:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that a historian of computing\Ncould make that claim
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.60,0:34:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think kind of speaks\Nfor that bias there.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:31.68,0:34:36.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also in 1990,\NBruce Collier's PhD thesis.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:36.87,0:34:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Calls her mad as a hatter.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:39.94,0:34:42.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's real scholarly language there,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:42.36,0:34:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and says she contributed little\Nor nothing to the notes.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:45.54,0:34:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yeah, that's kind of awesome as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:50.38,0:34:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, Sydney pointed out to me\Nan interesting point,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.67,0:34:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is that many of these people\Nwho are so passionately against
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.00,0:35:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lovelace having any involvement\Nin the first computer program
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.67,0:35:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are also very passionate\Npro-Babbage people.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:05.84,0:35:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Charles Babbage --
Dialogue: 0,0:35:07.25,0:35:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're really trying to reclaim\Nhis place in computing history.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:10.70,0:35:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sure, his machine never got built,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:12.30,0:35:14.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he's still really important,\Nand they're tired of people
Dialogue: 0,0:35:14.34,0:35:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking away his credit.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:15.80,0:35:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that could definitely be an issue\Nwith the whole taking away Lovelace's credit,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:19.97,0:35:22.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there's only so much credit to go around.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:22.15,0:35:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in 1990,\Nwe also get our first major fictional depiction
Dialogue: 0,0:35:27.56,0:35:31.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Ada Lovelace,\Nas a minor character in The Difference Engine,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:31.55,0:35:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is sort of the novel\Nthat popularized the steampunk movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:37.50,0:35:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you're probably all more familiar\Nthan you want to be with.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:41.79,0:35:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the book,\NAda is portrayed
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.22,0:35:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a mathematical genius.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:48.67,0:35:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's also kind of not that bright\Nwhen it comes to the ways of the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:52.33,0:35:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is busy trying to gamble,\Nand all that kind of stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.76,0:35:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's sort of an absent-minded\Nprofessor stereotype.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.38,0:36:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you read Ada's letters,\Nshe's probably not that practical,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.10,0:36:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so part of what I like about this\Nis that they show her deriving
Dialogue: 0,0:36:07.22,0:36:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and discovering mathematical theorems\Nthat didn't come until the '30s,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:11.40,0:36:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are foundational.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:12.92,0:36:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a neat portrayal.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:15.36,0:36:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1992 is the longest,\Nmost sympathetic biography,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:20.80,0:36:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called Ada, the Enchantress of Numbers,\Nby Betty Alexandra Toole.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:25.11,0:36:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's mostly the letters Ada sent,\Nand some sent to her.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.74,0:36:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she presents her --\Nshe's very sympathetic.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:33.06,0:36:36.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Presents her as ambitious,\Ncomplex, flawed, and brilliant.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:36.70,0:36:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It unfortunately also tries to draw\Na number of analogies
Dialogue: 0,0:36:41.86,0:36:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the Ada programming language\Nand Ada's thought process,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:45.23,0:36:47.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which don't make a ton of sense,\Nas a computer programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:47.100,0:36:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's especially great\Nas a primary source
Dialogue: 0,0:36:51.21,0:36:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for understanding who Ada was as a person.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:53.88,0:36:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'll try to go a little more quickly\Non the rest of these.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:57.78,0:37:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1993, Tom Stoppard's Arcadia.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:00.65,0:37:04.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says that Ada Lovelace\Nwas an inspiration
Dialogue: 0,0:37:04.23,0:37:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for one of the characters,\Na young girl who's working with a math tutor,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.44,0:37:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and continually comes up with\Nmathematical ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.23,0:37:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so ahead of her time\Nthat he always dismisses them
Dialogue: 0,0:37:14.22,0:37:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as nonsense,\Nand they're later rediscovered,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.69,0:37:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hailed as the first\Nunderstanding of fractals,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:19.67,0:37:21.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I thought that was a neat portrayal.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:21.19,0:37:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very accurate to her life.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:23.50,0:37:26.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1997,\NI have not been able
Dialogue: 0,0:37:26.17,0:37:27.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bring myself to watch this movie.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:27.83,0:37:29.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a movie called Conceiving Ada,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.27,0:37:32.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is sort of loosely inspired\Nby something or other.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:32.17,0:37:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In it, Ada Lovelace\Nfigures out how to communicate
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.42,0:37:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back and forth with the future,\Nby the means of undying information waves,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.37,0:37:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the people in the future\Nthink she's so important,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:42.55,0:37:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're trying to bring her back to life\Nby genetic engineering,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:45.22,0:37:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or so Wikipedia tells me.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:46.93,0:37:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So clearly -- pretty sure\Nit was a positive portrayal,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:49.61,0:37:51.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or at least intended to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:51.18,0:37:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:37:52.40,0:37:54.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1998, the British Computing Society
Dialogue: 0,0:37:54.72,0:37:56.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creates the Lovelace Medal in her honor.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.80,0:37:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the 2007 Lovelace Medal winner,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:59.56,0:38:01.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Karen Sparck Jones.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.01,0:38:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Ada Initiative considered \Nnaming ourselves after her,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.77,0:38:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Sparck Jones\Njust wasn't quite as good as Ada.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:06.76,0:38:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sparck would have been awesome.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:08.37,0:38:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Sparck Initiative.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:09.94,0:38:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 2000, Doron Swade\Ncomes up with a history
Dialogue: 0,0:38:13.32,0:38:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Charles Babbage's computing machines,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.05,0:38:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which he describes Ada\Nas deluded, bossy,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:19.92,0:38:22.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coquettish, and demanding,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.20,0:38:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are all, like,\Nwonderfully gendered insults.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:24.38,0:38:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I took a photo of the index --\Nentry in the index for Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:30.01,0:38:32.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I just thought it was so\Nrepresentative.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:32.38,0:38:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says "exaggeration of contribution\Nto Babbage's engines, 166-9"
Dialogue: 0,0:38:37.78,0:38:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Self-regard and conviction of own genius, 158-9".
Dialogue: 0,0:38:43.04,0:38:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Babbage didn't think\Nhe was a genius, no.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:45.34,0:38:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, Babbage thought he was a genius,\Njust in case you weren't sure.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.65,0:38:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, another Babbage-ist, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.51,0:38:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2001, I mean, this is supposedly\Na book about Ada and her achievements,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.58,0:39:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Benjamin Woolley,\Nthe Bride of Science,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.10,0:39:05.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it focuses mostly\Non her emotions,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.03,0:39:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and her life, and her personal life,\Nand all that stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.30,0:39:12.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not that...\NIt's only a part of her life,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.31,0:39:13.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shall we say.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.89,0:39:16.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 2009,\NSuw Charman-Anderson,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.65,0:39:20.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is in some way, perhaps,\Nresponsible for all of this happening,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:20.85,0:39:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,founded Ada Lovelace Day,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.48,0:39:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is now --\Nto raise the profile
Dialogue: 0,0:39:27.52,0:39:30.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of women in science,\Ntechnology, engineering, and mathematics.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:30.11,0:39:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the STEM we keep talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.64,0:39:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's grown and grown.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:34.49,0:39:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This conference was actually scheduled\Nto go with Ada Lovelace Day.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.90,0:39:44.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's just a fantastic time,\Nwhere people write blog posts
Dialogue: 0,0:39:44.77,0:39:46.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and update Wikipedia pages
Dialogue: 0,0:39:46.62,0:39:47.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about women scientists.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:47.90,0:39:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're just the greatest stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.44,0:39:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the stories we know are so boring.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:51.92,0:39:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you can say at this point in time\NAda Lovelace is definitely a feminist icon
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.31,0:39:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the popular imagination,\Nif she wasn't already.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:59.11,0:40:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2009, by no coincidence,\Nbecause they were friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:05.49,0:40:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sydney Padua put together the first\Nand assumed to be last issue
Dialogue: 0,0:40:10.56,0:40:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the comic, the Origin of Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:14.57,0:40:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which became this wonderful series\Ncalled Lovelace and Babbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:18.36,0:40:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In it, she and Babbage\Nteam up to fight crime.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.90,0:40:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They just have different definitions of crime.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:25.52,0:40:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She thinks it's poetry.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.02,0:40:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He thinks it's music.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:29.19,0:40:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see why.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:30.32,0:40:35.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's not just, like,\Nsort of the more practical person,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:35.35,0:40:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what she was in their lifetime.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:36.90,0:40:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's also shown as, like, brooding and brilliant,\Nand occasionally unhinged.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.16,0:40:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a really fun, full-featured person.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:44.80,0:40:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not Ada herself,\Nbut it's a great person who could exist,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.02,0:40:50.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you want to get to know better,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:50.31,0:40:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has all sorts of hilarious gags.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:52.64,0:40:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So check it out.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:53.81,0:40:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't leave out The Ada Initiative.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:56.02,0:41:01.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2011,\Nwe use Ada as our --
Dialogue: 0,0:41:01.39,0:41:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did a new modern portrait of her.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:05.70,0:41:10.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Ada Initiative is focused more\Non Open Source software
Dialogue: 0,0:41:10.71,0:41:11.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than software in general.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.97,0:41:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We try to keep our scope.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.69,0:41:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the thing we brought to the Ada Lovelace story
Dialogue: 0,0:41:15.64,0:41:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that she's the world's first\NOpen Source software programmer,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:18.52,0:41:21.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because she published the source code \Nto her program,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:21.06,0:41:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and whether or not she meant it\Nto be under any kind of license,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.08,0:41:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it went into the public domain\Nsome time in the 19th century.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:27.55,0:41:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So anybody can take this code,\Nalter it, and reuse it.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.81,0:41:32.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's Open Source software.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:32.19,0:41:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.18,0:41:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world's first computer programmer\Nwas also a woman,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:35.65,0:41:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was also an Open Source programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:37.99,0:41:43.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's been some more\Nrecent fictional depictions,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:43.100,0:41:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I only learned about\Nthanks to Vicky's talk earlier today.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:47.50,0:41:51.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here's a book\Nthat came out in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.19,0:41:52.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All Men of Genius.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:52.78,0:41:55.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's a character who's in her 60s,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:55.62,0:41:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is successful, respected,\Ninfluential, a bit naughty.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:59.35,0:42:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am so excited this book exists.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:03.16,0:42:05.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Lazarus Machine.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:05.27,0:42:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In it, she co-founds a computer company \Nwith Babbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:08.52,0:42:10.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is great, because it's a direct --
Dialogue: 0,0:42:10.72,0:42:15.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's great for many reasons,\Nbut she proposed this to Babbage
Dialogue: 0,0:42:15.27,0:42:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in one of her letters.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:16.15,0:42:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a letter that says --\Nhey, Babbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:17.38,0:42:19.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why don't you let me take care\Nof the business and the PR,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.85,0:42:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we could actually get these\Nengines built?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.14,0:42:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he's like -- well, no, of course not.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.44,0:42:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't want to let go of all that control.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.96,0:42:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is kind of a neat idea\Nof what could have happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:28.11,0:42:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is a new biography\Nthat just came out on Tuesday,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.17,0:42:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I haven't read it.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:32.10,0:42:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Called A Female Genius.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.27,0:42:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All I can tell from the blurb\Nis that he believes
Dialogue: 0,0:42:40.19,0:42:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she wrote the computer program,\Nshe was hampered by sexism,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.20,0:42:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that she and Babbage became lovers.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:45.32,0:42:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which I see no hints of,\Nbut that's another story we can tell.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.95,0:42:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's what I think\Nare the top four stories that we tell
Dialogue: 0,0:42:53.77,0:42:54.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about Ada Lovelace today.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:54.77,0:43:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'll talk about each one of them,\Nand what's the effect it has on society.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.07,0:43:03.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first computer programmer --
Dialogue: 0,0:43:03.65,0:43:05.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just, like, this really one-dimensional story.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.57,0:43:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it ignores all the rest of her life,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:10.42,0:43:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and perpetuates this horrible stereotype\Nthat computer programmers
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.21,0:43:16.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have to only be interested in computing.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.65,0:43:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was definitely considered\Na very strange person in college,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.92,0:43:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,studying computer science,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.79,0:43:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I liked my English literature class.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:24.39,0:43:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"What's wrong with you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:43:25.80,0:43:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada rode horses and played music.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.02,0:43:32.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was much more like a complex fractal,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:32.19,0:43:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I really want people --
Dialogue: 0,0:43:33.33,0:43:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,besides the good interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.52,0:43:39.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she gambled, and cheated on her husband,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:39.43,0:43:42.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and had children,\Nand had mixed feelings about her children,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:42.11,0:43:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was trying to be a good daughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.44,0:43:44.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All that stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:44.44,0:43:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she was able to come up with\Nthese amazing advances in computing.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:48.52,0:43:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you just don't have to be this single-minded,\Nnose-down kind of person.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:51.96,0:43:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as an icon for women in STEM,\Nthis is limiting,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:55.48,0:43:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm guilty of this, obviously.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:57.30,0:44:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For several reasons,\Nbut one is that it erases
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.52,0:44:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the other people,\Nother women who were working in STEM,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.07,0:44:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at that time.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:04.06,0:44:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes her seem like\Nan exceptional, strange person.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:06.77,0:44:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, Lord Byron's daughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.02,0:44:09.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her incredible mental gifts.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:09.78,0:44:10.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which she had.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.69,0:44:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But she also had the ability\Nto have a mathematics education,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:14.72,0:44:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if more women had\Nhad the same mathematics education,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.24,0:44:21.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could have also accomplished\Nsimilar things.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.25,0:44:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are a few of her contemporaries.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:23.21,0:44:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Marie Sophie Germain\Nwas a physicist.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:25.96,0:44:28.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mary Somerville\Nwas one of her good friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:28.89,0:44:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a mathematician and scientist.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:30.46,0:44:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Maria Mitchell was an astronomer.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.29,0:44:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these are all just women\Nwhose names were variations on Mary.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.20,0:44:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So many, many women.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.52,0:44:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem with the delusional --\Nthe Stein take.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.59,0:44:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's delusional, immoral,\Na terrible person.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:44.24,0:44:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh yeah,\Nshe wrote the first computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:45.51,0:44:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not the focus we give\Nto male scientists.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:49.76,0:44:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are just three --\Nthese are the first three male scientists I thought of,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:53.55,0:44:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they all --\NNicola Tesla, John Nash --
Dialogue: 0,0:44:56.66,0:44:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mathematician, but --\Nand Isaac Newton.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:59.71,0:45:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They all had terrible mental problems,\Nand terrible personal problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:03.54,0:45:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but nobody diminishes their science\Nas a result of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.94,0:45:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Focusing on her personality and life\Nand putting down her accomplishments,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.55,0:45:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a result, I mean,\Npeople do say --
Dialogue: 0,0:45:14.97,0:45:16.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, she was so arrogant.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:16.11,0:45:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was clearly manic depressive.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:18.13,0:45:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Therefore, she could not have written\Nthe computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:20.42,0:45:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, let's talk schizophrenic.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.75,0:45:25.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk manic depressive.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:25.30,0:45:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk --\NI don't know what was going on
Dialogue: 0,0:45:26.63,0:45:27.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Isaac Newton.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:27.76,0:45:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I'm glad it happened,\Nbecause it furthered science.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:29.78,0:45:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's only a claim people make\Nfor women, and not men.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:33.48,0:45:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then this is the 100%\Nall bad, all across the way,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:36.96,0:45:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,total fraud point of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:39.16,0:45:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's this great book --\Nif you haven't read it,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.67,0:45:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to go buy it right away.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:41.93,0:45:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, I think it's out of print,\Nbut it's easy to get used.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:44.67,0:45:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, hm, wonder why it's out of print.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:47.40,0:45:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called How to Suppress Women's Writing,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:49.40,0:45:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Joanna Russ.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:50.71,0:45:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a Bible.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:52.35,0:45:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can replace all of, like,\Nwriting with programming,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.80,0:45:56.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or any kind of science in here,\Nand it's all the same.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:56.89,0:45:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the general attacks are --
Dialogue: 0,0:45:59.48,0:46:00.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she didn't write it.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:00.44,0:46:02.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a claim people make about Ada.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:02.63,0:46:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wrote it,\Nbut she only wrote one of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:04.97,0:46:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She only wrote one paper, you guys.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.61,0:46:07.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Clearly.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.53,0:46:10.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wrote it,\Nbut she had help.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:10.11,0:46:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look, she and Babbage corresponded,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:12.36,0:46:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he was the only --\Nhe wouldn't write down
Dialogue: 0,0:46:14.53,0:46:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his own -- the description of his own machine.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:17.06,0:46:17.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:17.91,0:46:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there's sort of a final one,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:21.72,0:46:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is she wrote it,\Nbut it's not art,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:23.75,0:46:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she's not an artist.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:25.02,0:46:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's one of the arguments.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:26.02,0:46:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, that wasn't...
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.45,0:46:29.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wrote it,\Nbut it wasn't a computer program.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:29.05,0:46:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she was not a computer programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:31.95,0:46:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could she be?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:33.02,0:46:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blah-blah-blah.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:33.86,0:46:35.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She had no compiler.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:35.10,0:46:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's just --
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.74,0:46:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you're telling that story,\Nthat's what you're subscribing to.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:39.94,0:46:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here are a few of my ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.53,0:46:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for new stories we can tell.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.84,0:46:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's this --\Nwe'll start out kind of tame.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:48.94,0:46:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody should write a history\Nof women Victorian mathematicians and scientists,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.22,0:46:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their influence on modern day \Nscience and computing,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:55.69,0:46:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and include Ada Lovelace, Mary Somerville,\Nall the rest,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:58.12,0:47:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and things like the women's magazines\Nthat had algebra puzzles in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:02.44,0:47:05.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that would give you, like,\Nthe whole big picture,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:05.11,0:47:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of being like --\Noh, this freak who predicted computing.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:07.90,0:47:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I like this one.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:11.17,0:47:12.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I love Anne Hathaway.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:12.50,0:47:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a moving and sensitive portrayal,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.62,0:47:18.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anne Hathaway plays brilliant\Nyet tortured Victorian scientist Ada Lovelace,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:18.69,0:47:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exploring the conflicting pull\Nof her passions towards mathematics,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.98,0:47:24.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,art, family, fame, and madness.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:24.64,0:47:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Won Oscars for best actress,\Nbest supporting actress,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:27.66,0:47:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so this is going to pass the Bechdel Test, baby.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:31.08,0:47:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And best picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:33.18,0:47:36.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, and I was kind of thinking\Nof A Beautiful Mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:36.43,0:47:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I wrote this.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:37.53,0:47:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also Anne Hathaway.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:38.65,0:47:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe you can figure out\Nwhat I was thinking of here.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:43.45,0:47:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace and Mary Somerville\Nfound an academy for young women,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:47.33,0:47:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they teach harp, horseback riding,\Nand computer programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:50.01,0:47:52.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second computer program\Nis a menstrual period tracker.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:52.80,0:47:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alumnae instigate and lead \Nthe information revolution of 1852.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.96,0:48:01.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I imagine that they all wear, like,\Nblack PVC dresses,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.63,0:48:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have big Xs on their chests.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:03.97,0:48:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yeah, that would be super fun.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:05.69,0:48:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace...
Dialogue: 0,0:48:08.55,0:48:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See if you can get this one.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:10.34,0:48:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace,\Na mediocre poet at best...
Dialogue: 0,0:48:13.01,0:48:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh my gosh,\Nshe was a terrible poet, you guys...
Dialogue: 0,0:48:14.98,0:48:18.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Programs the Analytical Engine\Nto help her write poetry,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:18.21,0:48:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which she publishes anonymously,\Nunder the name Equus Libros.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:21.63,0:48:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All London wonders --\Nis the author man or machine?
Dialogue: 0,0:48:25.09,0:48:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one suspects the truth,\Nuntil she reveals all,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:27.71,0:48:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a live performance.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:29.18,0:48:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yes, I am talking about horse ebooks.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.82,0:48:35.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you don't know what horse ebooks is,\Nit's too late.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.21,0:48:36.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's over.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:36.02,0:48:37.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You missed it.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:37.16,0:48:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, so this is my last story.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:38.90,0:48:41.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ada Lovelace\Nbecomes the first literal rock star,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.54,0:48:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than the figurative one\Nher father was,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:43.63,0:48:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,playing computer-generated music,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:45.60,0:48:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and inventing electronic amplification of instruments.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:48.13,0:48:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She makes millions,\Nand blows it all
Dialogue: 0,0:48:49.96,0:48:52.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on harps, horses, and laudanum.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.45,0:48:54.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Babbage refuses to speak to her\Never again.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:54.97,0:48:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That would be a freaking great story.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:57.80,0:48:59.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, she had that mentality.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:59.46,0:49:00.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It would be great.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:00.30,0:49:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yeah, this is sort of\Ntrying to look at...
Dialogue: 0,0:49:03.59,0:49:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even the "positive" stories, unquote,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:05.76,0:49:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we tell,\Nand showing how limited they are,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:07.46,0:49:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they limit women in science,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:09.24,0:49:10.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our society in general.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.55,0:49:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't even get into the part where --
Dialogue: 0,0:49:12.10,0:49:15.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because Ada Lovelace was so\Nmultidimensional and complex,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:15.55,0:49:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think computing founded by her\Nwould have been immediately connected
Dialogue: 0,0:49:20.72,0:49:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Arts and Humanities in a way\Nmodern computing,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:25.17,0:49:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which grew out of World War II, was not.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:27.28,0:49:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It would have been so interesting,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:29.88,0:49:32.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so that's part of what I want to tell here,\Nwith these stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:32.75,0:49:36.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like --\Ncomputing can be so much more,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:36.63,0:49:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so much better connected\Nwith our society and ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:38.100,0:49:43.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also, as a woman,\Nyou can be a whole person.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:43.22,0:49:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can have a family.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:44.80,0:49:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can sleep around.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:46.02,0:49:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can do drugs,\Nand you can still do
Dialogue: 0,0:49:47.93,0:49:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fantastic, amazing work.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:49.63,0:49:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So guys have been able to do this\Nfor a long, long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:52.94,0:49:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just check it out.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:54.30,0:49:56.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I think that would be really cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.34,0:49:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, so questions\Nand answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:58.88,0:50:01.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have any great\NAda Lovelace story ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:01.68,0:50:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would be wonderful to hear too.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:03.38,0:50:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:04.47,0:50:12.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:50:12.16,0:50:13.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Okay, the question is --
Dialogue: 0,0:50:13.12,0:50:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the students are inspired by this,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:16.20,0:50:19.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they don't want to write\Nan Ada Lovelace story,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:19.57,0:50:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what can they do?
Dialogue: 0,0:50:20.79,0:50:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I really want people\Nto write Ada Lovelace stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:22.94,0:50:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things I'm doing\Nas a hobby right now
Dialogue: 0,0:50:25.73,0:50:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is learning how to make zines.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:27.73,0:50:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just little paper printouts\Nof a few pages,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:30.57,0:50:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can, like --
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.64,0:50:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are so cheap,\Nyou can just give them away.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:33.45,0:50:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think learning more about\Nthe history of computing,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:38.90,0:50:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also the general forms\Nof sexism is, frankly,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:41.89,0:50:44.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a great idea,\Nto learn how you're using it
Dialogue: 0,0:50:44.06,0:50:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your everyday life.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:45.43,0:50:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the first things I learned\Nfrom joining a women in computing group,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:49.16,0:50:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after I discovered I was the only\NLinux kernel programmer in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:50:52.82,0:50:54.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was female, in 2002,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:54.70,0:50:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are simple rules, like --
Dialogue: 0,0:50:57.06,0:51:00.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're trying to help a woman\Nlearn something on the computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:00.27,0:51:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,never take away the keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.04,0:51:03.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very simple rule.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:03.65,0:51:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Follow that.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:04.82,0:51:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll do a lot better.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:05.94,0:51:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wait for women to speak\Nand give the answers to questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:09.76,0:51:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:11.23,0:51:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:51:12.21,0:51:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I really think\Nyou should go out and draw,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:13.96,0:51:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or make a rap video,\Nor something like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:16.09,0:51:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So...
Dialogue: 0,0:51:17.43,0:51:19.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Okay, wow.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:19.63,0:51:21.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What a wonderful story.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:21.51,0:51:24.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:51:24.03,0:51:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Said and expressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:26.52,0:51:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:27.95,0:51:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(applause)