WEBVTT 00:00:08.970 --> 00:00:12.529 Conférencier : Que voit Big Brother pendant qu'il observe ? 00:00:12.529 --> 00:00:16.879 Simon Menner vous en parle et révèle des images 00:00:16.879 --> 00:00:23.489 des archives secrètes de la Stasi. Il est né dans le sud de l'Allemagne en 1978 et 00:00:23.489 --> 00:00:27.399 maintenant vit et travaille à Berlin. 00:00:27.399 --> 00:00:30.689 Il fait pas mal de choses avec la photographie et 00:00:30.689 --> 00:00:38.539 l'histoire et a passé trois ans à fouiller les images et dossiers de la Stasi, et il 00:00:38.539 --> 00:00:43.939 va nous montrer pourquoi c'est toujours d'actualité aujourd'hui, et même 00:00:43.939 --> 00:00:47.650 plus que jamais. Accueillons-le chaleureusement. 00:00:47.650 --> 00:00:55.560 [Applaudissements de la salle] 00:00:55.560 --> 00:01:02.590 On m'a dit d'utiliser ceci, pas de micro- cravate, alors espérons que ça marche. 00:01:02.610 --> 00:01:07.040 Avant-tout, une déclaration - Je suis un artiste, pas un historien 00:01:07.040 --> 00:01:10.876 alors mon approche des matériels que je vais vous présenter est 00:01:10.876 --> 00:01:15.553 quelque peu différente de ce que vous pourriez attendre d'un historien classique 00:01:15.553 --> 00:01:21.750 mais nous pouvons en discuter en cours. Très brièvement, avant de vous présenter 00:01:21.750 --> 00:01:26.890 les images que j'ai trouvé dans les archives de la Stasi et quelques autres 00:01:26.890 --> 00:01:29.570 dans les archives du BND (Renseignements Allemands). 00:01:29.569 --> 00:01:38.169 Je vais vous montrer trois travaux qui m'ont poussé à m'intéresser à la Stasi. 00:01:38.169 --> 00:01:42.159 Je suis un vrai artiste, un photographe et normalement je fais 00:01:42.159 --> 00:01:48.340 des choses comme ça. Et je suis très intéressé par ce que la relation... de... la 00:01:48.340 --> 00:01:59.529 perception. Par le rôle de la perception dans un contexte de conflit moderne. 00:01:59.529 --> 00:02:08.368 Plus important, il s'avère que la perception est un champ de bataille, et la peur une arme. 00:02:08.368 --> 00:02:14.189 Ça n'est pas juste un lot de photos de paysages, c'est en fait une série de photos 00:02:14.189 --> 00:02:18.990 pour lesquelles j'ai eu le soutien de l'armée Allemande. Ils m'ont aidé avec leurs 'snipers'. 00:02:18.990 --> 00:02:23.520 Ils se cachaient dans le paysage, visant l'appareil photo et celui qui le tient. 00:02:23.520 --> 00:02:30.370 Donc les 'snipers' vont être dans la plupart des photos, mais en fait il n'y a 00:02:30.370 --> 00:02:35.640 presqu'aucun moyen de voir le 'sniper', mais c'est à cela qu'un 'sniper' 00:02:35.639 --> 00:02:38.469 ressemble dans le paysage. 00:02:38.469 --> 00:02:42.840 Ils avaient l'ordre de me viser même si je ne pouvais parfois pas les voir. 00:02:42.840 --> 00:02:45.840 Quand on prenait la pose, je leur disaient : "ne vous cachez pas 00:02:45.840 --> 00:02:51.319 derrière un arbre sinon je ne vous vois pas." Ils me disaient "non non, t'inquiète, on 00:02:51.318 --> 00:02:55.340 t'as dans le viseur" [La salle rit] 00:02:55.340 --> 00:02:58.669 Bien sûr, tout cela est artificiel parce qu'ils ne choisiraient 00:02:58.669 --> 00:03:03.879 jamais ces endroits, et dans ces conditions pour créer une 00:03:03.879 --> 00:03:08.490 menace - il y a un sniper ici et là mais c'est quelque chose qui 00:03:08.490 --> 00:03:12.349 a son importance dans les conflits d'aujourd'hui. 00:03:12.349 --> 00:03:16.429 Vous essayez d'envahir l'esprit de vos adversaires et d'influencer 00:03:16.429 --> 00:03:20.749 leurs comportements en créant de la peur. 00:03:20.749 --> 00:03:27.389 Voilà une autre série d'images. Elle est extraite de livres de l'armée US 00:03:27.389 --> 00:03:32.100 sur comment construire des dispositifs pièges à partir d'objets du quotidien. 00:03:32.100 --> 00:03:38.119 Là, une TV ou une radio qui, si vous l'allumez, explose. Une boite ou une pipe. 00:03:38.119 --> 00:03:42.029 En tant qu'artiste, j'ai trouvé cette image très intrigante parce qu'il y a une 00:03:42.029 --> 00:03:45.629 peinture célèbre de Magritte : "Ceci n'est pas une pipe". 00:03:45.629 --> 00:03:50.520 En fait, c'est vraiment pas une pipe. C'est supposé ressembler à une pipe. 00:03:50.520 --> 00:03:56.270 Et cela vient de l'armée US des années soixante, et ces livres sont maintenant 00:03:56.270 --> 00:04:03.070 en circulation, et utilisés par les forces ennemies. Et toute l'histoire 00:04:03.069 --> 00:04:09.510 de ces manuels est qu'ils sont supposés créer de la peur chez l'adversaire. 00:04:09.520 --> 00:04:17.209 Voici une barre chocolatée allemande. Cassez la et elle vous explose à la figure. Ou une bouilloire. 00:04:17.209 --> 00:04:22.978 Plus les objets sont ordinaires plus cela devient terrifiant 00:04:22.978 --> 00:04:27.810 parce qu'une fois que vous réalisez qu'il n'y a pas moyen d'échapper à cette 00:04:27.810 --> 00:04:32.220 idée de la peur, tout devient dangereux. 00:04:32.220 --> 00:04:37.079 Les adversaires le font aussi. Ça, ça vient de vidéos trouvées en ligne. 00:04:37.079 --> 00:04:41.918 00:04:41.918 --> 00:04:46.929 00:04:46.929 --> 00:04:52.589 00:04:52.589 --> 00:05:00.060 00:05:00.060 --> 00:05:04.810 00:05:04.810 --> 00:05:09.908 00:05:09.908 --> 00:05:15.779 00:05:15.779 --> 00:05:21.448 00:05:21.449 --> 00:05:26.009 00:05:26.009 --> 00:05:30.758 00:05:30.758 --> 00:05:34.820 00:05:34.820 --> 00:05:38.800 00:05:38.800 --> 00:05:46.300 00:05:46.300 --> 00:05:54.900 00:05:54.899 --> 00:06:01.329 00:06:01.329 --> 00:06:07.319 00:06:07.319 --> 00:06:13.108 00:06:13.108 --> 00:06:16.348 00:06:16.348 --> 00:06:22.560 00:06:22.560 --> 00:06:30.459 00:06:30.459 --> 00:06:36.659 00:06:36.659 --> 00:06:42.710 00:06:42.709 --> 00:06:48.859 00:06:48.859 --> 00:06:54.739 00:06:54.740 --> 00:06:59.960 00:06:59.959 --> 00:07:05.228 00:07:05.228 --> 00:07:10.728 00:07:10.728 --> 00:07:16.709 00:07:16.709 --> 00:07:22.219 00:07:22.219 --> 00:07:27.240 00:07:27.240 --> 00:07:33.769 00:07:33.769 --> 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00:46:27.210 00:46:27.210 --> 00:46:35.210 00:46:35.210 --> 00:46:39.599 00:46:39.599 --> 00:46:49.299 00:46:49.300 --> 00:46:54.049 00:46:54.049 --> 00:46:56.560 00:46:56.559 --> 00:47:02.700 00:47:02.700 --> 00:47:07.859 00:47:07.858 --> 00:47:13.598 00:47:13.599 --> 00:47:20.760 00:47:22.190 --> 00:47:26.189 00:47:29.999 --> 00:47:34.519 00:47:34.519 --> 00:47:37.519 00:47:37.519 --> 00:47:40.869 00:47:40.869 --> 00:47:45.700 00:47:45.699 --> 00:47:52.669 00:47:52.670 --> 00:47:57.700 00:47:57.699 --> 00:48:02.808 00:48:02.809 --> 00:48:08.140 00:48:08.139 --> 00:48:15.558 00:48:15.559 --> 00:48:22.730 00:48:22.730 --> 00:48:26.159 00:48:26.159 --> 00:48:34.439 00:48:34.439 --> 00:48:37.680 00:48:37.680 --> 00:48:42.030 00:48:42.030 --> 00:48:45.219 00:48:45.219 --> 00:48:48.909 00:48:48.909 --> 00:48:55.739 00:48:55.739 --> 00:49:01.519 00:49:01.518 --> 00:49:16.578 00:49:16.579 --> 00:49:24.098 00:49:24.098 --> 00:49:31.380 00:49:31.380 --> 00:49:35.550 00:49:35.559 --> 00:49:38.559 00:49:38.559 --> 00:49:48.070 00:49:49.559 --> 00:49:55.980 00:49:55.980 --> 00:50:01.329 00:50:01.329 --> 00:50:05.449 00:50:05.449 --> 00:50:10.699 00:50:10.699 --> 00:50:15.730 00:50:15.730 --> 00:50:20.619 00:50:20.619 --> 00:50:25.089 00:50:25.090 --> 00:50:28.349 00:50:28.349 --> 00:50:30.659 00:50:30.659 --> 00:50:35.699 00:50:35.699 --> 00:50:42.589 00:50:42.590 --> 00:50:46.809 00:50:46.809 --> 00:50:55.160 00:50:55.160 --> 00:50:59.769 00:50:59.769 --> 00:51:04.550 00:51:04.550 --> 00:51:11.220 00:51:11.219 --> 00:51:20.489 00:51:20.489 --> 00:51:26.390 00:51:26.390 --> 00:51:28.630 00:51:28.630 --> 00:51:35.700 00:51:35.700 --> 00:51:39.140 00:51:39.139 --> 00:51:44.099 00:51:44.099 --> 00:51:49.440 00:51:49.440 --> 00:51:54.079 00:51:54.079 --> 00:51:56.019 00:51:56.019 --> 00:52:01.949 00:52:01.949 --> 00:52:04.720 00:52:04.720 --> 00:52:08.690 00:52:08.690 --> 00:52:18.709 00:52:20.479 --> 00:52:23.030 00:52:23.030 --> 00:52:27.279 00:52:27.279 --> 00:52:33.349 00:52:33.349 --> 00:52:37.969 00:52:37.969 --> 00:52:42.389 00:52:42.389 --> 00:52:47.848 00:52:47.849 --> 00:52:54.440 00:52:54.440 --> 00:53:02.379 00:53:02.379 --> 00:53:10.810 00:53:10.810 --> 00:53:15.300 00:53:15.300 --> 00:53:22.920 00:53:22.920 --> 00:53:30.690 00:53:30.690 --> 00:53:39.619 00:53:39.619 --> 00:53:46.060 00:53:46.060 --> 00:53:51.620 00:53:51.620 --> 00:53:56.308 00:53:56.308 --> 00:54:01.528 00:54:01.528 --> 00:54:05.278 00:54:05.278 --> 00:54:07.608 00:54:07.608 --> 00:54:10.449 00:54:10.449 --> 00:54:17.050 00:54:17.050 --> 00:54:24.278 00:54:24.278 --> 00:54:30.440 00:54:30.440 --> 00:54:36.068 00:54:36.068 --> 00:54:41.849 00:54:41.849 --> 00:54:47.480 00:54:47.480 --> 00:54:58.070 00:54:58.090 --> 00:55:01.130 00:55:01.130 --> 00:55:06.680 00:55:06.679 --> 00:55:13.929 00:55:13.929 --> 00:55:21.828 00:55:21.829 --> 00:55:25.990 00:55:25.989 --> 00:55:34.919 00:55:34.920 --> 00:55:40.510 00:55:40.510 --> 00:55:45.609 00:55:45.608 --> 00:55:49.679 00:55:49.679 --> 00:55:54.379 00:55:54.380 --> 00:56:00.510 00:56:00.510 --> 00:56:06.000 00:56:06.000 --> 00:56:13.050 00:56:13.050 --> 00:56:19.539 00:56:19.539 --> 00:56:26.929 00:56:26.929 --> 00:56:32.210 00:56:32.210 --> 00:56:37.920 00:56:37.920 --> 00:56:40.920 00:56:40.920 --> 00:56:46.769 00:56:46.769 --> 00:56:51.960 00:56:51.960 --> 00:56:55.539 00:56:55.539 --> 00:56:58.539 00:56:59.439 --> 00:57:02.800 Conférencier : Merci beaucoup Simon 00:57:02.800 --> 00:57:08.264 [Applaudissements de la salle]