0:00:00.840,0:00:03.416
Hozir men gapirayotgan til,

0:00:03.440,0:00:07.776
baxtgami yoki aksincha, vaqt sayin

0:00:07.800,0:00:10.136
asosiy dunyo tiliga aylanmoqda.

0:00:10.160,0:00:11.376
Keling buni tan olamiz:

0:00:11.400,0:00:13.256
butun internet bu tilda,

0:00:13.280,0:00:15.256
bu tilda moliyachilar gaplashishadi,

0:00:15.280,0:00:17.616
aviadispetcherlar,

0:00:17.640,0:00:18.348
unda mashhur qo'shiqlar kuylashadi,

0:00:19.056,0:00:20.256
diplomatlar muloqot qiladi...

0:00:20.280,0:00:21.720
Ingliz tili hamma joyda.

0:00:21.830,0:00:26.296
Hozirda ko'plab insonlar shimoliy[br]xitoychada gapirishadi.

0:00:26.440,0:00:28.936
Lekin shunda ham xitoyliklar ingliz tilini

0:00:28.960,0:00:31.656
ingliz tilida gapiruvchilar xitoychani[br]o'rgangandan-da ko'proq o'rganishadi.

0:00:31.680,0:00:33.416
Bilishimcha,

0:00:33.440,0:00:36.896
hozir Xitoyda ta'lim faqat ingliz tilida[br]olib boriladigan

0:00:36.920,0:00:39.656
o'nlab universitetlar bor.

0:00:39.680,0:00:41.380
Ingliz tili dunyoni egallamoqda.

0:00:41.680,0:00:43.376
Qo'shimcha qilib aytganda,

0:00:43.400,0:00:45.456
tahmin qilinishicha, asr so'ngigacha

0:00:46.200,0:00:49.018
hozirda mavjud deyarli barcha tillar —

0:00:49.040,0:00:50.296
ular hozirda 6 000 ta —

0:00:50.320,0:00:52.216
foydalanilmay qo'yiladi,

0:00:52.240,0:00:54.840
shulardan bir necha yuztasi qoladi.

0:00:55.360,0:00:56.976
So'ngida,

0:00:57.000,0:01:01.576
biz hozir tezkor nutq tarjimasini nafaqat[br]amalga oshirsa bo'ladigan,

0:01:01.600,0:01:04.720
balki, yildan-yilga yaxshilanib borayotgan[br]davrda yashayapmiz.

0:01:05.360,0:01:08.096
Men sizga sabablarni keltirib o'taman.

0:01:08.120,0:01:11.256
Biz yashayotgan paytda borgan sari

0:01:11.280,0:01:13.496
"biz nega boshqa tillarni o'rganishimiz[br]kerak?

0:01:13.520,0:01:17.056
Agar ular qaysidir xalqniki bo'lsa, ingliz[br]tilidan boshqasi bizga kerakmi?"

0:01:17.080,0:01:21.056
kabi savollar beriladigan vaqtga[br]yaqinlashmoqdamiz.

0:01:21.080,0:01:24.096
Borgan sari hamma bir tilda gaplasha[br]boshlayotgan bir vaqtda,

0:01:24.120,0:01:29.600
nega kuch sarflab boshqa tilni[br]o'rganishimiz kerak?

0:01:30.560,0:01:32.376
O'ylashimcha, bunga sabab ko'p.

0:01:32.400,0:01:34.736
Lekin oldin bir narsaga e'tiborimizni[br]qarataylik,

0:01:34.760,0:01:37.616
menimcha siz buni bilsangiz ham kerak,

0:01:37.640,0:01:41.976
lekin bu ma'lumotda ham bir hiyla bor:

0:01:42.000,0:01:43.736
bu har xil tillarning leksikoni va

0:01:43.760,0:01:46.536
grammatikasi insonning fikrlash[br]shaklini va yo'nalishini

0:01:46.560,0:01:50.936
o'zgartira olishga qodirligi, va hattoki,[br]o'ziga xos bir

0:01:50.960,0:01:54.776
astral holatidan chiqishga yordam[br]bera olishi

0:01:54.800,0:01:56.016
haqidagi ma'lumot.

0:01:56.040,0:02:00.256
Bu quvonarli ma'lumot,

0:02:00.280,0:02:01.576
lekin unda bir muammo bor.

0:02:01.600,0:02:05.056
Bu ma'lumotni inkor etolmaymiz.

0:02:05.080,0:02:08.895
Masalan, fransuz va ispan tillarida

0:02:08.919,0:02:13.176
"stol" so'zi negadir jenskoy rodda:

0:02:13.200,0:02:17.136
"la table", "la mesa".[br]Buni faqat qabul qilish kerak.

0:02:17.160,0:02:18.656
Aniqlanishicha,

0:02:18.680,0:02:21.076
agar bu tillarda gapiruvchilardan

0:02:21.100,0:02:23.776
ularning fikricha, stol gapira olganida,[br]qanday ovozda

0:02:23.800,0:02:27.856
gapirishi mumkinligi borasidagi savolga[br]ko'pchilikning

0:02:27.880,0:02:31.776
javoblariga ko'ra, fransuzlar va[br]ispanlar aytadiki,

0:02:31.800,0:02:33.496
stol ayol ovozida, baland tonda

0:02:33.520,0:02:38.376
gapirgan bo'lar edi. Shu sabab,

0:02:38.400,0:02:42.400
agar siz fransuz yoki ispan bo'lsangiz,[br]qaysidir ma'noda stol siz uchun —

0:02:42.400,0:02:45.896
stol siz uchun —qiz bola, ingliz[br]bo'lganingizda esa aksincha bo'lar edi.

0:02:45.896,0:02:47.796
Kimga bu kabi ma'lumotlar yoqmaydi?

0:02:47.796,0:02:50.046
Shunday xulosa hosil bo'ladiki, agar siz

0:02:50.046,0:02:54.576
bu tillardan birida muloqot qilsangiz,[br]siz dunyoni boshqacha ko'rasiz.

0:02:54.600,0:02:55.896
Lekin ehtiyot bo'lish kerak,

0:02:55.920,0:03:00.376
chunki, o'ylab ko'ring, agar kimdir bizni[br]o'rganishni boshlasa,

0:03:00.400,0:03:02.856
ingliz tilida go'daklikdan[br]gapiruvchilarni:

0:03:02.880,0:03:06.736
inglizlar dunyoni qanday ko'radi?

0:03:06.760,0:03:09.496
Keling, misol uchun ingliz tili ona tilisi[br]bo'lgan insonni olsak.

0:03:09.520,0:03:12.816
Hozir siz Bononi ko'ryapsiz.

0:03:12.840,0:03:14.456
U inglizcha gapiradi.

0:03:14.480,0:03:17.416
Uning qandaydir o'z dunyoqarashi bor.

0:03:17.440,0:03:21.096
Ekranda Donald Tramp.

0:03:21.120,0:03:22.336
Unda ham o'ziga yarasha.

0:03:22.360,0:03:23.776
U ham inglizcha gapiradi.

0:03:23.800,0:03:25.320
(Kulgu)

0:03:27.520,0:03:30.856
Mana miss Kardashyan,

0:03:30.880,0:03:32.856
u ham shu tilda gapiradi.

0:03:32.880,0:03:35.656
Xo'sh, bu yerda uchta ingliz tilida[br]muloqot qiluvchi inson.

0:03:35.680,0:03:39.256
Ular dunyoni qanday ko'radi? [br]Bu ularni qanday farqlaydi?

0:03:39.280,0:03:44.376
Ingliz tilidagi qanday dunyoqarash[br]ularni birlashtiradi?

0:03:44.400,0:03:46.216
Bu o'ziga xos muammoli g'oya.

0:03:46.240,0:03:51.096
Ko'pchilik shunday xulosaga kelmoqdaki,[br]til fikrlarni shakllantiradi,

0:03:51.120,0:03:57.576
lekin bu nozik va tushunarsiz psixologik[br]aspektlarda namoyon bo'ladi.

0:03:57.600,0:04:02.200
Bu chet tili sizga boshqacha dunyoqarash[br]taqdim etadi degani emas.

0:04:02.680,0:04:05.016
Shunday ekan,

0:04:05.040,0:04:06.976
o'zi nega tillarni o'rganishimiz kerak?

0:04:07.000,0:04:09.536
Agar bu sizning fikrlashingizni[br]o'zgartirmasa,

0:04:09.560,0:04:11.540
unda bunga qanday sabablar bor?

0:04:11.720,0:04:13.280
Ular bir nechta.

0:04:13.600,0:04:18.976
Birinchidan, siz qandaydir madaniyatni[br]o'rganmoqchi,

0:04:19.000,0:04:22.136
o'zlashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, uning bir[br]qismi bo'lishni istasangiz,

0:04:22.160,0:04:26.056
til bunda rol o'ynaydimi yo'qmi,

0:04:26.080,0:04:28.016
jamiyatni o'rganish uchun,

0:04:28.040,0:04:29.856
siz qaysidir bir darajada

0:04:29.880,0:04:32.336
o'sha tildan foydalanishingizga,

0:04:32.360,0:04:35.696
unda muloqot qilishingizga to'g'ri keladi.

0:04:35.720,0:04:37.416
Boshqa yo'li yo'q.

0:04:37.440,0:04:39.936
Qiziq bir misol bor.

0:04:39.960,0:04:43.656
Men hozir sal tushunarsiz gapiraman,[br]lekin siz mazmunini tushunishingiz kerak.

0:04:43.680,0:04:48.016
Kanadalik rejissyor Deni Arkan tomonidan [br]suratga olingan bitta film bor.

0:04:48.040,0:04:50.630
Ingliz tilida uning ismi "Dennis Arcand"[br]deb yoziladi,

0:04:50.630,0:04:52.096
agar qidirishni xohlasangiz.

0:04:52.120,0:04:55.176
U "Monreallik Iso" deb nomlanadigan [br]film suratga olgan.

0:04:55.200,0:04:57.336
Undagi ko'pchilik qahramonlar —

0:04:57.360,0:05:02.416
chaqqon, tez, kulgili, qizg'in,[br]fransuzcha gapiruvchi, qiziqarli

0:05:02.440,0:05:03.776
franko-kanadaliklar edi.

0:05:03.800,0:05:06.256
Yakuniga oz qolganda,[br]bitta sahna bor, unda ular

0:05:06.280,0:05:09.736
do'stini hamma inglizcha gapiradigan[br]shifoxonaga oborishlari kerak bo'ladi.

0:05:09.760,0:05:11.856
U yerda ular shu tilde[br]gapirishlari kerak bo'ladi.

0:05:11.880,0:05:14.736
Ular shunday qilishadi ham,[br]lekin bu ularning ona tili emas.

0:05:14.760,0:05:16.776
Odatda ular unda gapirmaslikni[br]ma'qul ko'rishadi.

0:05:16.776,0:05:18.416
Va ular sekin gapirishadi,

0:05:18.440,0:05:20.416
aksent bilan, oddiy so'zlar orqali.

0:05:20.440,0:05:23.136
Hamma yoqtiradigan qahramonlar endi birdan

0:05:23.160,0:05:27.110
o'zlarining oddiy, kulrang soyalariga[br]aylanishadi.

0:05:27.280,0:05:28.976
Jamiyatga sho'ng'ish va

0:05:29.000,0:05:33.016
insonlarni bunday xira oyna orqali[br]tushunishga harakat qilish —

0:05:33.040,0:05:35.936
ularni chindan tushuna olmaslikka[br]olib keladi.

0:05:35.960,0:05:38.736
Agar bor-yo'g'i bir necha yuzta til[br]qoladigan bo'lsa,

0:05:38.760,0:05:40.266
ularni o'rganish uchun birinchi[br]sabab:

0:05:40.266,0:05:43.736
ularning har biri — alohida chipta,

0:05:43.760,0:05:46.016
u sizga biror bir tilda gapiruvchi[br]jamiyatning bir qismi

0:05:46.040,0:05:49.216
bo'lishga yo'l ochadi, chunki u chinakam[br]kod vazifasini bajaradi.

0:05:49.240,0:05:50.960
Bu birinchi sabab.

0:05:51.440,0:05:52.736
Ikkinchi sabab:

0:05:52.760,0:05:56.226
isbotlanganki, agar siz ikki xil tilda[br]gapirsangiz,

0:05:56.226,0:05:59.136
demensiya kasalligiga chalinish[br]ehtimoli sizda ancha kam,

0:05:59.160,0:06:02.496
va menimcha, siz bir vaqtning o'zida[br]nechta vazifani uddalay olasiz.

0:06:02.520,0:06:05.936
Bu bolalikdan aniq bo'la boshlaydi,

0:06:05.960,0:06:07.896
va siz endi tushunasiz,

0:06:07.920,0:06:12.456
farzandlaringizni qachonda til o'rganishga[br]yuborishingizni.

0:06:12.480,0:06:14.896
Bilingvizm sog'liq uchun foydali.

0:06:14.920,0:06:16.816
Uchinchi sabab:

0:06:16.840,0:06:20.160
chet tillari — judayam qiziq.

0:06:20.160,0:06:22.536
Bizga tushintirishlaridan ko'p marta[br]qiziqarliroq.

0:06:22.560,0:06:25.856
Masalan, arab tilida "kataba" — "u yozdi",

0:06:25.880,0:06:29.096
"yaktubu" — "u yozayapti".

0:06:29.120,0:06:32.136
"Uktub" — "yozing", buyruq so'z.

0:06:32.160,0:06:34.056
Bu soz'larda qanday umumiylik bor?

0:06:34.080,0:06:36.176
Hammasida bir xil undoshlar,

0:06:36.200,0:06:39.736
va ular so'zning markazida, xuddi[br]ustundek.

0:06:39.760,0:06:41.216
Ular joyida qoladi,

0:06:41.240,0:06:44.376
unlilar esa ular atrofida raqsga[br]tushmoqda.

0:06:44.400,0:06:47.576
Kimga bu so'zlar orqali til o'rganish[br]yoqmaydi?

0:06:47.600,0:06:49.016
Ivritda ham shunday,

0:06:49.040,0:06:52.696
Efiopiya davlat tili — amxarchada ham.

0:06:52.720,0:06:54.136
Bu juda qiziqarli.

0:06:54.160,0:06:57.576
Yana har tilda har xil so'z[br]joylashuvi bor.

0:06:57.600,0:06:59.816
So'zlarni boshqa tartibda qo'yib[br]gapirishni

0:06:59.840,0:07:03.840
o'rganish, bu xuddi chap tarafga[br]harakatlanadigan mamlakatda mashina

0:07:03.840,0:07:04.840
haydashdek gap,

0:07:04.840,0:07:09.336
yoki ko'zga gamamelis ekstraktli[br]suyuqlikni tomizgandan keyin paydo

0:07:09.360,0:07:11.016
bo'ladigan hissiyotga[br]o'xshaydi.

0:07:11.016,0:07:11.921
Chet tili sizni shunday bir boshqacha[br]tuyg'ularni his

0:07:12.826,0:07:13.826
qilishga majbur qila oladi.

0:07:13.826,0:07:14.536
Masalan,

0:07:14.560,0:07:16.576
"Shlyapa kiygan mushukning qaytishi" —

0:07:16.600,0:07:19.096
ko'pchiligimiz sevib o'qigan, va yana[br]takror o'qiydigan kitob,

0:07:19.120,0:07:20.376
xuddi "Mobi Dik" kabi.

0:07:20.400,0:07:25.496
U yerda shunday so'zlar bor: "Bilasanmi,[br]uni qayerdan topib oldim?

0:07:25.520,0:07:28.176
U nimagadir yuvinishga kirib ketdi.[br]Vannada o'tirib pirog yerdi.

0:07:28.200,0:07:29.416
Xa. U qila oldi."

0:07:29.440,0:07:31.776
Agar siz buni xitoycha variantini[br]o'qisangiz,

0:07:31.800,0:07:33.206
quyidagini eslab qoling:

0:07:33.206,0:07:35.336
"Uni qayerdan topganimni topa olasanmi?

0:07:35.360,0:07:37.176
U chala yeyilgan tortda yuvinayotgan edi.

0:07:37.200,0:07:39.016
Shubhasiz, tortni u ishtaha bilan[br]yeyayotgandi!"

0:07:39.040,0:07:40.256
Bu menga yoqadi.

0:07:40.280,0:07:44.576
Tasavvur qiling, til o'rganish bilan[br]yillab shug'ullana olasiz.

0:07:44.600,0:07:48.936
Siz qachondir kxmer tilini o'rganganmisiz?

0:07:48.960,0:07:51.976
Men ham yo'q. Lekin agar o'rganganimda[br]edi,

0:07:52.000,0:07:56.616
men og'zimda 13 ta undosh harfni emas,

0:07:56.640,0:07:57.896
ingliz tilida bo'lganidek,

0:07:57.920,0:08:00.936
balki kambodjaliklar tilida jaranglaydigan

0:08:00.960,0:08:04.856
30 ta undosh harfni his qilgan bo'lardim,

0:08:04.880,0:08:07.216
xuddi arilarga o'xshab.

0:08:07.240,0:08:10.220
Mana sizga nima bera oladi chet tillari.

0:08:10.440,0:08:11.696
Undan tashqari,

0:08:11.720,0:08:15.656
hozirda chet tillarini o'rganish har[br]qachongidan-da oson.

0:08:15.680,0:08:18.006
Oldinlari darslarga borish kerak bo'lardi,

0:08:18.006,0:08:20.156
u yerda qandaydir bir o'qituvchi[br]o'tirardi,

0:08:20.156,0:08:21.896
zo'r o'qituvchi, — lekin u yerda

0:08:21.896,0:08:24.016
u ma'lum bir paytda bo'lardi va uning[br]oldiga

0:08:24.040,0:08:25.546
aynan shu payt borish kerak bo'lardi.

0:08:25.546,0:08:27.266
Darslar esa unchalik tez bo'lavermasdi.

0:08:27.266,0:08:28.884
Siz darslarga qatnashishga majbur edingiz.

0:08:28.884,0:08:31.736
Agar bunday imkoniyat bo'lmasa, sizga[br]plastinka asqotardi.

0:08:31.760,0:08:33.456
Men buning ustasi edim.

0:08:33.480,0:08:36.176
Plastinkalar, kassetalar, xattoki CD-disc[br]deb ataluvchi

0:08:36.200,0:08:37.456
eskicha bir uskuna,

0:08:37.480,0:08:39.816
unda ma'lumotlar chegaralangan edi.

0:08:39.840,0:08:42.456
Ulardan tashqari, kitoblar bor edi — [br]foydasiz kitoblar.

0:08:42.480,0:08:43.856
Hammasi shunday edi.

0:08:43.880,0:08:46.776
Bugun esa bir joyga o'rnashib olib,

0:08:46.800,0:08:49.256
masalan, mehmonxona polida,

0:08:49.280,0:08:50.496
burbon ichgan holda,

0:08:50.520,0:08:53.296
mustaqil ravishda xohlagan bir tilni[br]o'rganish mumkin,

0:08:53.320,0:08:55.790
Rosetta Stone kabi ajoyib dasturlar[br]yordamida.

0:08:55.790,0:08:59.136
Yana men Glossika deb nomlanadigan bitta[br]kursni maslahat beraman.

0:08:59.136,0:09:00.546
Istalgan bir vaqtda,

0:09:00.546,0:09:03.400
xohlaganingizcha o'rganishingiz mumkin.[br]Siz ertalablari chet

0:09:03.480,0:09:06.320
tillariga bog'liq[br]bo'lgan nimadir bilan o'zingizni hursand

0:09:06.320,0:09:07.320
qilishingiz mumkin,

0:09:07.320,0:09:09.070
bu sizga qobiliyatingizni yanada[br]oshirishga yordam beradi.

0:09:09.070,0:09:11.080
Men har kuni ertalab "Dilbert"[br]komikslarini o'qiyman,

0:09:11.080,0:09:12.736
har xil tillarda.

0:09:12.760,0:09:14.616
20 yil oldin buning iloji yo'q edi.

0:09:14.640,0:09:18.176
Til o'rganish materiallarining

0:09:18.200,0:09:19.776
hammasi cho'ntagimizga sig'ishi,

0:09:19.800,0:09:21.296
ya'ni telefonimizga,

0:09:21.320,0:09:25.390
xattoki rivojlangan insonlar uchun ham[br]fantastikadek ko'rinardi.

0:09:25.800,0:09:28.336
Shuning uchun ham men sizlarga

0:09:28.360,0:09:32.336
tillarni o'rganishingizni maslahat [br]beraman, chunki buning uchun

0:09:32.360,0:09:35.536
hozirgidek imkoniyatlar hech[br]qachon bo'lmagan.

0:09:35.560,0:09:37.056
Bu judayam qiziqarli.

0:09:37.080,0:09:38.896
Bu balki fikrlashingizni o'rgartirmas,

0:09:38.920,0:09:42.096
lekin bu sizni hayratlantirishi aniq.

0:09:42.120,0:09:43.336
Katta rahmat.

0:09:43.360,0:09:45.430
(Qarsaklar)